User:Stilltim/congress - 25th United States Congress - state detail

United States Capitol

The Twenty-fifth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1837 to March 3, 1839, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President Martin Van Buren.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Fifth Census of the United States in 1830. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

This article supplements the general article with a list of the members by state delegation.

see also: 25th Congress - general

Dates of sessions

March 4, 1837 - March 3, 1839

• Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1837 – March 10, 1837
• First session: September 4, 1837 - October 16, 1837
• Second session: December 4, 1837 - July 9, 1838
• Third session: December 3, 1838 - March 3, 1839 — a lame duck session

Previous congress: 24th Congress - state detail
Next congress: 26th Congress - state detail

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate Democratic (D) : 35 (majority) Whig (W) : 17 TOTAL members: 52

House of Representatives Democratic (D) : 129 (majority) Whig (W) : 100 Anti Masonic (AM) : 7 Nullifier (N) : 6 TOTAL members: 242

Leadership

Senate

• Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
  • Richard M. Johnson, Democratic of Kentucky
• President pro tempore of the Senate:
  • William R. King, Democratic of Alabama, elected March 7, 1837

House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House
  • James K. Polk, Democratic of Tennessee, elected September 4, 1837

Membership detail by state

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1838; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1840; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1842.

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.

The list below is arranged by state, then by chamber. Senators are shown in order of seniority, House members in district order.

Alabama

Senate

• 2: William R. D. King (1786-1853), Democratic
• 3: John McKinley (1780-1852), Democratic …resigned April 22, 1837.

  Clement C. Clay (1789-1866), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy June 19, 1837.

House of Representatives (5 seats)

• 1: Reuben Chapman (1799-1882), Democratic
• 2: Joshua L. Martin (1799-1856), Democratic
• 3: Joab Lawler (1796-1838), Whig …died May 8, 1838.

  George W. Crabb (1804-1846), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 3, 1838.

• 4: Dixon H. Lewis (1802-1848), Democratic
• 5: Francis S. Lyon (1800-1882), Whig

Arkansas

Senate

• 2: William S. Fulton (1795-1844), Democratic
• 3: Ambrose H. Sevier (1801-1848), Democratic

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Archibald Yell (1797-1847), Democratic

Connecticut

Senate

• 1: John M. Niles (1787-1856), Democratic
• 3: Perry Smith (1783-1852), Democratic

House of Representatives (6 seats)

• A/L: Isaac Toucey (1792-1869), Democratic
• A/L: Samuel Ingham (1793-1881), Democratic
• A/L: Elisha Haley (1776-1860), Democratic
• A/L: Thomas T. Whittlesey (1798-1868), Democratic
• A/L: Lancelot Phelps (1784-1866), Democratic
• A/L: Orrin Holt (1792-1855), Democratic

Delaware

Senate

• 1: Richard H. Bayard (1796-1868), Whig
• 2: Thomas Clayton (1777-1854), Whig

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: John J. Milligan (1795-1875), Whig

Georgia

Senate

• 2: John P. King (1799-1888), Democratic …resigned November 1, 1837.

  Wilson Lumpkin (1783-1870), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy November 22, 1837.

• 3: Alfred Cuthbert (1785-1856), Democratic

House of Representatives (9 seats)

• A/L: Jesse F. Cleveland (1804-1841), Democratic
• A/L: William C. Dawson (1798-1856), Whig
• A/L: Thomas Glascock (1790-1841), Democratic
• A/L: Seaton Grantland (1782-1864), Democratic
• A/L: Charles E. Haynes (1784-1841), Democratic
• A/L: Hopkins Holsey (1779-1859), Democratic
• A/L: Jabez Y. Jackson (1790- ), Democratic
• A/L: George W. Owens (1786-1856), Democratic
• A/L: George W. B. Towns (1801-1854), Democratic

Illinois

Senate

• 2: John M. Robinson (1794-1843), Democratic
• 3: Richard M. Young (1798-1861), Democratic

House of Representatives (3 seats)

• 1: Adam W. Snyder (1799-1842), Democratic
• 2: Zadok Casey (1796-1862), Democratic
• 3: William L. May (1793c-1849), Democratic

Indiana

Senate

• 1: John Tipton (1786-1839), Democratic
• 3: Oliver H. Smith (1794-1859), Whig

House of Representatives (7 seats)

• 1: Ratliff Boon (1781-1844), Democratic
• 2: John Ewing (1789-1858), Whig
• 3: William Graham (1782-1858), Whig
• 4: George H. Dunn (1794-1854), Whig
• 5: James Rariden (1795-1856), Whig
• 6: William Herod (1801-1871), Whig
• 7: Albert S. White (1803-1864), Whig

Kentucky

Senate

• 3: Henry Clay (1777-1852), Whig
• 2: John J. Crittenden (1786-1863), Whig

House of Representatives (13 seats)

• 1: John L. Murray (1806-1842), Democratic
• 2: Edward Rumsey (1796-1868), Whig
• 3: Joseph R. Underwood (1791-1876), Whig
• 4: Sherrod Williams (1804- ), Whig
• 5: James Harlan (1800-1863), Whig
• 6: John Calhoon (1797- ), Whig
• 7: John Pope (1770-1845), Independent Whig
• 8: William J. Graves (1805-1848), Whig
• 9: John White (1802-1845), Whig
• 10: Richard Hawes (1797-1877), Whig
• 11: Richard H. Menefee (1809-1841), Whig
• 12: John Chambers (1780-1852), Whig
• 13: William W. Southgate (1800-1849), Whig

Louisiana

Senate

• 2: Robert C. Nicholas (1793-1857), Democratic
• 3: Alexander Mouton (1804-1885), Democratic

House of Representatives (3 seats)

• 1: Henry Johnson (1783-1864), Whig
• 2: Eleazar W. Ripley (1782-1839), Democratic …never qualified
• 3: Rice Garland (1795c-1861), Whig

Maine

Senate

• 2: John Ruggles (1789-1874), Democratic
• 1: Reuel Williams (1783-1862), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress February 22, 1837.

House of Representatives (8 seats)

• 1: John Fairfield (1797-1847), Democratic …resigned December 24, 1838.
• 2: Francis O. J. Smith (1806-1876), Democratic
• 3: Jonathan Cilley (1802-1838), Democratic …died February 24, 1838.

  Edward Robinson (1796-1857), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated April 28, 1838.

• 4: George Evans (1797-1867), Whig
• 5: Timothy J. Carter (1800-1838), Democratic …died March 14, 1838.

  Virgil D. Parris (1807-1874), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated May 29, 1838.

• 6: Hugh J. Anderson (1801-1881), Democratic
• 7: Joseph C. Noyes (1798-1868), Whig
• 8: Thomas Davee (1797-1841), Democratic

Maryland

Senate

• 1: Joseph Kent (1779-1837), Whig …died November 24, 1837.

  William D. Merrick (1793-1857), Whig …elected to fill vacancy January 4, 1838.

• 3: John S. Spence (1788-1840), Whig

House of Representatives (8 seats)

• 1: John Dennis (1807-1859), Whig
• 2: James A. Pearce (1805-1862), Whig
• 3: John T. H. Worthington (1788-1849), Democratic
• 4: Benjamin C. Howard (1791-1872), Democratic
• 4: Isaac McKim (1775-1838), Democratic …died April 1, 1838.

  John P. Kennedy (1795-1870), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated April 30, 1838.

• 5: William Cost Johnson (1806-1860), Whig
• 6: Francis Thomas (1799-1876), Democratic
• 7: Daniel Jenifer (1791-1855), Whig

Massachusetts

Senate

• 1: Daniel Webster (1782-1852), Whig
• 2: John Davis (1787-1854), Whig

House of Representatives (12 seats)

• 1: Richard Fletcher (1788-1869), Whig
• 2: Stephen C. Phillips (1801-1857), Whig …resigned September 28, 1838.

  Leverett Saltonstall (1783-1845), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 5, 1838.

• 3: Caleb Cushing (1800-1879), Whig
• 4: William Parmenter (1789-1866), Democratic
• 5: Levi Lincoln, Jr. (1782-1868), Whig
• 6: George J. Grennell, Jr. (1786-1877), Whig
• 7: George N. Briggs (1796-1861), Whig
• 8: William B. Calhoun (1796-1865), Whig
• 9: William S. Hastings (1798-1842), Whig
• 10: Nathaniel B. Borden (1801-1865), Democratic
• 11: John Reed, Jr. (1781-1860), Whig
• 12: John Quincy Adams (1767-1848), Whig

Michigan

Senate

• 1: Lucius Lyon (1800-1851), Democratic
• 2: John Norvell (1789-1850), Democratic

House of Representatives (1 seat)

• A/L: Isaac E. Crary (1804-1854), Democratic

Mississippi

Senate

• 1: John Black ( -1854), Whig …resigned January 22, 1838.

  James F. Trotter (1802-1866), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy January 22, 1838, resigned July 10, 1838.

  Thomas H. Williams (1801-1851), Democratic …appointed to fill vacancy November 12, 1838, subsequently elected.

• 2: Robert J. Walker (1801-1869), Democratic

House of Representatives (2 seats)

• A/L: John F. H. Claiborne (1809-1884), Democratic …contested election, served until February 5, 1838.

  Thomas J. Word ( - ), Whig …contested election, seated February 5, 1838.

• A/L: Samuel J. Gholson (1808-1883), Democratic …contested election, served until February 5, 1838.

  Seargent S. Prentiss (1808-1850), Whig …contested election, seated February 5, 1838.

Missouri

Senate

• 1: Thomas H. Benton (1782-1858), Democratic
• 3: Lewis F. Linn (1796-1843), Democratic

House of Representatives (2 seats)

• A/L: Albert G. Harrison (1800-1839), Democratic
• A/L: John Miller (1781-1846), Democratic

New Hampshire

Senate

• 2: Henry Hubbard (1784-1857), Democratic
• 3: Franklin Pierce (1804-1869), Democratic

House of Representatives (5 seats)

• A/L: Charles G. Atherton (1804-1853), Democratic
• A/L: Samuel Cushman (1783-1851), Democratic
• A/L: James Farrington (1791-1859), Democratic
• A/L: Joseph Weeks (1773-1845), Democratic
• A/L: Jared W. Williams (1796-1864), Democratic

New Jersey

Senate

• 1: Samuel L. Southard (1787-1842), Whig
• 2: Garret D. Wall (1783-1850), Democratic

House of Representatives (6 seats)

• A/L: John B. Aycrigg (1798-1856), Whig
• A/L: William Halstead (1794-1878), Whig
• A/L: John P. B. Maxwell (1804-1845), Whig
• A/L: Joseph F. Randolph (1803-1873), Whig
• A/L: Charles C. Stratton (1796-1859), Whig
• A/L: Thomas Jones Yorke (1801-1882), Whig

New York

Senate

• 3: Silas Wright, Jr. (1795-1847), Democratic
• 1: Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (1795-1864), Democratic

House of Representatives (40 seats)

• 1: Thomas B. Jackson (1797-1881), Democratic
• 2: Abraham Vanderveer (1781-1839), Democratic
• 3: Churchill C. Cambreleng (1786-1862), Democratic
• 3: Edward Curtis (1801-1856), Whig
• 3: Josiah Ogden Hoffman (1793-1856), Whig
• 3: Ely Moore (1798-1860), Democratic
• 4: Gouverneur Kemble (1786-1875), Democratic
• 5: Obadiah Titus (1789-1854), Democratic
• 6: Nathaniel Jones (1788-1866), Democratic
• 7: John C. Brodhead (1780-1859), Democratic
• 8: Robert McClellan (1806-1860), Democratic
• 8: Zadock Pratt (1790-1871), Democratic
• 9: Henry Vail (1782-1853), Democratic
• 10: Albert Gallup (1796-1851), Democratic
• 11: John I. De Graff (1783-1848), Democratic
• 12: David A. Russell (1780-1861), Whig
• 13: John Palmer (1785-1840), Democratic
• 14: James B. Spencer (1781-1848), Democratic
• 15: John Edwards (1781-1850), Democratic
• 16: Arphaxed Loomis (1798-1885), Democratic
• 17: Henry A. Foster (1800-1889), Democratic
• 17: Abraham P. Grant (1804-1871), Democratic
• 18: Isaac H. Bronson (1802-1855), Democratic
• 19: John H. Prentiss (1784-1861), Democratic
• 20: Amasa J. Parker (1807-1890), Democratic
• 21: John C. Clark (1793-1852), Democratic
• 22: Andrew D. W. Bruyn (1790-1838), Democratic …died July 27, 1838.

  Cyrus Beers (1786-1850), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 3, 1838.

• 22: Hiram Gray (1801-1890), Democratic
• 23: Bennet Bicknell (1781-1841), Democratic
• 23: William Taylor (1791-1865), Democratic
• 24: William H. Noble (1788-1850), Democratic
• 25: Samuel Birdsall (1791-1872), Democratic
• 26: Mark H. Sibley (1796-1852), Whig
• 27: John T. Andrews (1803-1894), Democratic
• 28: Timothy Childs (1785-1847), Whig
• 29: William Patterson (1789-1838), Whig …died August 14, 1838.

  Harvey Putnam (1793-1855), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 3, 1838.

• 30: Luther C. Peck (1800-1876), Whig
• 31: Richard P. Marvin (1803-1892), Whig
• 32: Millard Fillmore (1800-1874), Whig
• 33: Charles F. Mitchell (1808c- ), Whig

North Carolina

Senate

• 2: Bedford Brown (1795-1870), Democratic
• 3: Robert Strange (1796-1854), Democratic

House of Representatives (13 seats)

• 1: Samuel T. Sawyer (1800-1865), Whig
• 2: Jesse A. Bynum (1797-1868), Democratic
• 3: Edward Stanly (1810-1872), Whig
• 4: Charles B. Shepard (1808-1843), Whig
• 5: James I. McKay (1793-1853), Democratic
• 6: Micajah T. Hawkins (1790-1858), Democratic
• 7: Edmund Deberry (1787-1859), Whig
• 8: William Montgomery (1789-1844), Democratic
• 9: Augustine H. Shepperd (1792-1864), Whig
• 10: Abraham Rencher (1798-1883), Whig
• 11: Henry W. Connor (1793-1866), Democratic
• 12: James Graham (1793-1851), Whig
• 13: Lewis Williams (1782-1842), Whig

Ohio

Senate

• 1: Thomas Morris (1776-1844), Democratic
• 3: William Allen (1803-1879), Democratic

House of Representatives (19 seats)

• 1: Alexander Duncan (1788-1853), Democratic
• 2: Taylor Webster (1800-1876), Democratic
• 3: Patrick G. Goode (1798-1862), Whig
• 4: Thomas Corwin (1794-1865), Whig
• 5: Thomas L. Hamer (1800-1846), Democratic
• 6: Calvary Morris (1798-1871), Whig
• 7: William K. Bond (1792-1864), Whig
• 8: Joseph Ridgway (1783-1861), Whig
• 9: John Chaney (1790-1881), Democratic
• 10: Samson Mason (1793-1869), Whig
• 11: James Alexander, Jr. (1789-1846), Whig
• 12: Alexander Harper (1786-1860), Whig
• 13: Daniel P. Leadbetter (1797-1870), Democratic
• 14: William H. Hunter ( -1842), Democratic
• 15: John W. Allen (1802-1887), Whig
• 16: Elisha Whittlesey (1783-1863), Whig …resigned July 9, 1838.

  Joshua R. Giddings (1795-1864), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 3, 1838.

• 17: Andrew W. Loomis (1797-1873), Whig …resigned October 20, 1837.

  Charles D. Coffin (1805-1880), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 20, 1837.

• 18: Matthias Shepler (1790-1863), Democratic
• 19: Daniel Kilgore (1793-1851), Democratic …resigned July 4, 1838.

  Henry Swearingen (1792c-1849), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 3, 1838.

Pennsylvania

Senate

• 1: Samuel McKean (1787-1841), Democratic
• 3: James Buchanan (1791-1868), Democratic

House of Representatives (28 seats)

• 1: Lemuel Paynter (1788-1863), Democratic
• 2: John Sergeant (1779-1852), Whig
• 2: George W. Toland (1796-1869), Whig
• 3: Francis J. Harper (1800-1837), Democratic …died March 18, 1837, before Congress assembled.

  Charles Naylor (1806-1872), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated September 4, 1837.

• 4: Edward Darlington (1795-1884), Anti-Masonic
• 4: Edward Davies (1779-1853), Anti-Masonic
• 4: David Potts, Jr. (1794c-1863), Anti-Masonic
• 5: Jacob Fry, Jr. (1802-1866), Democratic
• 6: Mathias Morris (1787-1839), Whig
• 7: David D. Wagener (1792-1860), Democratic
• 8: Edward B. Hubley (1792-1856), Democratic
• 9: Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (1782-1844), Democratic …resigned February 9, 1838.

  George M. Keim (1805-1861), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated March 17, 1838.

• 10: Luther Reily (1794-1854), Democratic
• 11: Henry Logan (1784-1866), Democratic
• 12: Daniel Sheffer (1783-1880), Democratic
• 13: Charles McClure (1804-1846), Democratic
• 14: William W. Potter (1792-1839), Democratic
• 15: David Petrikin (1788-1847), Democratic
• 16: Robert H. Hammond (1791-1847), Democratic
• 17: Samuel W. Morris (1786-1847), Democratic
• 18: Charles Ogle (1798-1841), Anti-Masonic
• 19: John J. Klingensmith, Jr. (1786-1854), Democratic
• 20: Andrew Buchanan (1780-1848), Democratic
• 21: Thomas M. T. McKennan (1794-1852), Anti-Masonic
• 22: Richard Biddle (1796-1847), Anti-Masonic
• 23: William Beatty (1787-1851), Democratic
• 24: Thomas Henry (1779-1849), Anti-Masonic
• 25: Arnold Plumer (1801-1869), Democratic

Rhode Island

Senate

• 2: Nehemiah R. Knight (1780-1854), Whig
• 1: Asher Robbins (1757-1845), Whig

House of Representatives (2 seats)

• A/L: Robert B. Cranston (1791-1873), Whig
• A/L: Joseph L. Tillinghast (1791-1844), Whig

South Carolina

Senate

• 2: John C. Calhoun (1782-1850), Democratic
• 3: William C. Preston (1794-1860), Whig

House of Representatives (9 seats)

• 1: Hugh S. Legaré (1797-1843), Democratic
• 2: R. Barnwell Rhett (1800-1876), Nullifier
• 3: John Campbell ( -1845), Nullifier
• 4: Franklin H. Elmore (1799-1850), Nullifier
• 5: Francis W. Pickens (1805-1869), Nullifier
• 6: Waddy Thompson, Jr. (1798-1868), Whig
• 7: William K. Clowney (1797-1851), Nullifier
• 8: John P. Richardson (1801-1864), Democratic
• 9: John K. Griffin (1789-1841), Nullifier

Tennessee

Senate

• 2: Hugh Lawson White (1773-1840), Whig
• 1: Felix Grundy (1777-1840), Democratic …resigned July 4, 1838.

  Ephraim H. Foster (1794-1854), Whig …appointed to fill vacancy September 17, 1838, subsequently elected, resigned March 3, 1839.

House of Representatives (13 seats)

• 1: William B. Carter (1792-1848), Whig
• 2: Abraham McClellan (1789-1866), Democratic
• 3: Joseph L. Williams (1810-1865), Whig
• 4: James I. Standifer (1782-1837), Whig …died August 20, 1837.

  William Stone (1791-1853), Whig …elected to fill vacancy, seated October 6, 1837.

• 5: Hopkins L. Turney (1797-1857), Democratic
• 6: William B. Campbell (1807-1867), Whig
• 7: John Bell (1797-1869), Whig
• 8: Abram P. Maury (1801-1848), Whig
• 9: James K. Polk (1795-1849), Democratic
• 10: Ebenezer J. Shields (1778-1846), Whig
• 11: Richard Cheatham (1799-1845), Whig
• 12: John W. Crockett (1807-1852), Whig
• 13: Christopher H. Williams (1798-1857), Whig

Vermont

Senate

• 3: Samuel Prentiss (1782-1857), Whig
• 1: Benjamin Swift (1781-1847), Whig

House of Representatives (5 seats)

• 1: Hiland Hall (1795-1885), Whig
• 2: William Slade (1786-1859), Whig
• 3: Horace Everett (1779-1851), Whig
• 4: Heman Allen (1777-1844), Whig
• 5: Isaac Fletcher (1784-1842), Democratic

Virginia

Senate

• 1: William C. Rives (1793-1868), Democratic
• 2: Richard E. Parker (1783-1840), Democratic …resigned March 13, 1837.

  William H. Roane (1787-1845), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy March 14, 1837.

House of Representatives (21 seats)

• 1: Francis Mallory (1807-1860), Whig
• 2: Francis E. Rives (1792-1861), Democratic
• 3: John W. Jones (1791-1848), Democratic
• 4: George C. Dromgoole (1797-1847), Democratic
• 5: James W. Bouldin (1792-1854), Democratic
• 6: Walter Coles (1790-1857), Democratic
• 7: Archibald Stuart (1795-1855), Democratic
• 8: Henry A. Wise (1806-1876), Whig
• 9: Robert M. T. Hunter (1809-1887), Whig
• 10: John Taliaferro (1768-1852), Whig
• 11: John Robertson (1787-1873), Whig
• 12: James Garland (1791-1885), Democratic
• 13: John M. Patton (1797-1858), Democratic …resigned in 1838.

  Linn Banks (1784-1842), Democratic …elected to fill vacancy, seated May 19, 1838.

• 14: Charles F. Mercer (1778-1858), Whig
• 15: James M. Mason (1798-1871), Democratic
• 16: Isaac S. Pennybacker (1805-1847), Democratic
• 17: Robert Craig (1792-1852), Democratic
• 18: George W. Hopkins (1804-1861), Democratic
• 19: Andrew Beirne (1771-1845), Democratic
• 20: Joseph Johnson (1785-1877), Democratic
• 21: William S. Morgan (1801-1878), Democratic

Delegates

Florida Territory

• A/L: Charles Downing ( -1845)

Iowa Territory

• A/L: William W. Chapman (1808-1892), Democratic …newly created territory, seated December 3, 1838.

Wisconsin Territory

• A/L: James D. Doty (1799-1865), Democratic …contested election, seated January 14, 1839.
• A/L: George W. Jones (1804-1896), Democratic …contested election, served until January 14, 1839.

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

External links

• Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
• Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: House History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists