Pakistan national cricket team

Pakistan

File:Pakistan Cricket logo.png

As of February 27, 2009

The Pakistan National Cricket Team is an international cricket team representing Pakistan. It is administrated by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB). Pakistan is a full member of the International Cricket Council with Test and One Day International status.

Pakistan are the ICC Cricket World Cup 1992 champions, ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup champions twice in 2004 and in 2006 making them the first and the only team to become Back-to Back champions in the U19 Cricket World Cup tournaments and they are also the current ICC World Twenty20 2009 champions. Pakistan have been semi finalist 3 times in the ICC Champions Trophy in 2000, 2004 and 2009.

Before the independence of Pakistan, cricket was played before the first Pakistan national team was granted test match playing status. Documentation and archives show that during the 18th century, cricket was played on the western side of India and many successful Indian cricketers played for the English cricket team. It was not until July 28, 1952 that Pakistan started playing test match cricket. Their first match took place in Delhi against India on October of the same year. Their first international tour was to England during 1954. Over the half century, Pakistan has become one of the most challenging and unpredictable teams in the world, the team won the 1992 World Cup and were runners up in the 1999 World Cup. The country has produced several world-class players.

As of October 2007, the Pakistani team has played 332 Test matches, winning 30.29%, losing 26.76% and drawing 42.94% of its games. The team is ranked sixth in the ICC Test Championship and fourth place in the ICC ODI Championship. On August 28, 2006, Pakistan won its debut Twenty20 International match in England and were runners up in the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 in September 2007. They are the current ICC World Twenty20 champions, beating Sri Lanka on 21 June 2009 by eight wickets.

History

Main articles: History of the Indian cricket team and History of the Pakistani cricket team

See also: Cricket in Pakistan, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1947 to 1970, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1971 to 1985, History of cricket in Pakistan from 1986 to 2000, and History of cricket in Pakistan from 2001

Following the Partition of India in 1947, and the establishment of the separate nation state of Pakistan, cricket in the country developed steadily and Pakistan was given Test Match status at a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference at Lord's Cricket Ground on July 28, 1952 following recommendation by India, which, being the successor state of the British Raj, did not have to go through such a process. The first captain of the Pakistan national cricket team was Abdul Kardar

Pakistan’s first Test match was played in Delhi in October 1952 as part of a five Test series which India won 2-1. Pakistan made their first tour of England in 1954 and drew the series 1-1 after a memorable victory at The Oval in which fast bowler Fazal Mahmood took 12 wickets. Pakistan’s first home Test match was in Dacca in January 1955 against India, after which four more Test matches were played in Bahawalpur, Lahore, Peshawar and Karachi (all five matches in the series were drawn, the first such occurrence in test history).

Pakistan playing against Australia at Lord's.

The team is considered a strong but unpredictable team. Traditionally Pakistani cricket has been filled with players of great talent but limited discipline, making them a team which could play inspirational cricket one day and then perform less than ordinarily another day. Over the years, competitions between India and Pakistan have always been emotionally charged and provide for intriguing contests, as talented teams from both sides of the border elevate their game to new levels to produce high-quality cricket. Pakistani contest with India in the Cricket World Cup have seen packed stadiums and elevated atmospheres no matter where the World Cup has been held.

The 1986 Australasia Cup, played in Sharjah, is remembered as a famous last-ball victory for Pakistan against arch-rivals India, with Javed Miandad emerging as a national hero. India batted first and set a target of 245 runs, leaving Pakistan with a required run rate of 4.92 runs per over. Javed Miandad came in to bat at number 3, and Pakistan lost wickets at regular intervals. Later recalling the match, Miandad stated that his main focus was to lose with dignity. With 31 runs needed in the last three overs, Miandad hit a string of boundaries while batting with his team's lower order, until four runs were required from the last delivery of the match. Miandad received a leg side full toss from Chetan Sharma, which he hit for six over the midwicket boundary.

At the 1992 World Cup Semi Final, having won the toss New Zealand chose to bat first and ended with a total of 262. Pakistan batted conservatively yet lost wickets at regular intervals. With the departure of Imran Khan and Saleem Malik shortly thereafter, Pakistan still required 115 runs at a rate of 7.67 per over with veteran Javed Miandad being the only known batsman remaining at the crease. A young Inzamam-ul-Haq, who had just turned 22 and was not a well-known player at the time, burst onto the international stage with a match-winning 60 off 37 balls. Once Inzamam got out, Pakistan required 36 from 30 balls, which wicketkeeper Moin Khan ended with a towering six over long off, followed by the winning boundary to midwicket. The match is seen as the emergence of Inzamam onto the international stage.

The 1992 Cricket World Cup in Australia and New Zealand marked Pakistan's first World Cup victory. It is remembered for the comeback Pakistan made after losing key players such as Waqar Younis and Saeed Anwar, and being led by an injured captain in Imran Khan. Pakistan lost 4 of their first 5 matches and were nearly eliminated in the first round of the tournament after being bowled out for 74 against England, until the match was declared as a "no result" due to rain. Captain Imran Khan famously told the team to play as "cornered tigers", after which Pakistan won five successive matches, including, most famously, the semi-final against hosts New Zealand and the final against England.

The 2007 Cricket World Cup was one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history when Pakistan was knocked out of the competition in a shock defeat to Ireland, who were playing in their first competition. Pakistan, needing to win to qualify for the next stage after losing to the West Indies in their opening match, were put into bat by Ireland on a green pitch. They lost wickets regularly and only 4 batsmen crossed double figures. In the end they were bowled out by the resurgent Irish for 132. The Irish went on to win the match, helped by a knock of 72 from Niall O'Brien. This meant that Pakistan had been knocked out during the first round for the second consecutive World Cup. Tragedy struck the team when coach Bob Woolmer died one day later on March 18, 2007 in a hospital in Kingston, Jamaica. Jamaican police spokesman, Karl Angell, reported on March 23, 2007 that, "Mr Woolmer's death was due to asphyxiation as a result of manual strangulation", and that, "Mr Woolmer's death is now being treated by the Jamaica police as a case of murder." Assistant coach Mushtaq Ahmed acted as temporary coach for the team's final group game of the tournament. Subsequent to his team's defeat and the death of Woolmer, Inzamam-ul-Haq announced his resignation as captain of the team and his retirement from one-day cricket, stating that he would continue to take part in Test cricket but not as captain. Shoaib Malik was announced as his successor. Following his return to the squad, Salman Butt was appointed as vice-captain until December 2007.

On March 23, 2007, Pakistan players and officials were questioned by Jamaican police and submitted DNA samples along with fingerprints, as part of the routine enquiries in the investigation into Woolmer's murder. Three days after leaving the West Indies for Pakistan, via London, the Pakistan team were ruled out as suspects. The deputy commissioner of Jamaican police. Mark Shields, the detective in charge of the investigation, announced, "It's fair to say they are now being treated as witnesses." "I have got no evidence to suggest it was anybody in the squad." A memorial service was held in Sacred Heart Church, Lahore, for Bob Woolmer on April 1, 2007. Among the attendees were Pakistan players and dignitaries, including Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was quoted as saying, "After Woolmer's family, the Pakistan team was the most aggrieved by his death." After the World Cup ended, serious doubts were raised about the investigation, with increasing speculation that Woolmer died of natural causes. This has now been accepted as fact, and the case has been closed. Pakistan Qualified for Final Of T20 2009 beating SouthAfrica by 7 runs in 1st semifinal.

Lasith Malinga bowling for Sri Lanka in the ICC World Twenty20 Final against Pakistan at Lord's.

On April 20, 2007, a PCB official announced that former Test cricketer Talat Ali would act as interim coach, in addition to his role as team manager, until a new coach had been appointed. On July 16, 2007, Geoff Lawson, previously head coach of New South Wales, was appointed coach of the Pakistan for two years, becoming the third foreigner to take on the role. In the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, Pakistan exceeded expectations to reach the final but ended as runners-up, after losing the final to India in a nail-biting finish. On 25 October 2008, Intikhab Alam was named as a national coach of the team by the PCB.

On 21 June 2009 Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, beating Sri Lanka in the final by eight wickets. Pakistan had begun the tournament slowly losing two of their first three matches but after dismissing New Zealand for 99 in the Super 8 stage they had a run of four consecutive wins including beating previously unbeaten South Africa, in the semi-final, and Sri Lanka.

Governing body

Main article: Pakistan Cricket Board

The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) is responsible for all first class and Test cricket played in Pakistan and by the Pakistan cricket team. It was admitted to the International Cricket Council in July 1953. The corporation has been run by former cricketers, professional administrators and trustees, who are often respected businessmen. The Board governs a network of teams sponsored by corporations and banks, city associations and clubs including advertising, broadcasting rights and internet partners.

After taking heavy flak for corruption and match fixing, the PCB re-emerged by taking the initiative to sponsor the wildly successful 2004 tour of Pakistan by arch rivals India. The PCB's experiment with the Twenty20 cricket model has also proven popular and hopes to similarly revive popular interest in domestic games,which it did. The PCB also set up major domestic competitions such as the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, and the ANZ Trophy.

Tournament history

World Cup	World Twenty20	Champions Trophy	Asia Cup	Australasia Cup	Asian Test Championship	Commonwealth Games
1975: First Round 1979: Semi Finals 1983: Semi Finals 1987: Semi Finals 1992: Champions 1996: Quarter Finals 1999: Runners Up 2003: First round 2007: First round	2007: Runners Up 2009: Champions	1998: Quarter Finals 2000: Semi Finals 2002: First round 2004: Semi Finals 2006: First round 2009: Semi Finals	1984: Third Place 1986: Runners Up 1988: Third Place 1990-91: Did not participate 1995: Third Place 1997: Third Place 2000: Champions 2004: Third Place 2008: Third Place	1986: Champions 1990: Champions 1994: Champions	1998-99: Champions 2001-02: Runners Up	1998: First Round

Test cricket grounds

File:Gadaffibuilding in Lahore.gif

Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore

National Cricket Stadium, Karachi

Multan Cricket Stadium, Multan

Stadium	City	Test matches	ODI matches
National Stadium	Karachi	40	44
Gaddafi Stadium	Lahore	39	57
Iqbal Stadium	Faisalabad	24	16
Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium	Rawalpindi	8	21
Arbab Niaz Stadium	Peshawar	6	15
Multan Cricket Stadium	Multan	5	7
Niaz Stadium	Hyderabad	5	7
Jinnah Stadium (Sialkot)	Sialkot	4	9
Bagh-e-Jinnah (Lahore)	Lahore	3	0
Sheikhupura Stadium	Sheikhupura	2	2
Jinnah Stadium	Gujranwala	1	11
Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadium	Multan	1	6
Pindi Club Ground	Rawalpindi	1	2
Defence Housing Authority Stadium	Karachi	1	0
Bahawal Stadium	Bahawalpur	1	0
Zafar Ali Stadium	Sahiwal	0	2
Ayub National Stadium	Quetta	0	2
Sargodha Stadium	Sargodha	0	1
Bugti Stadium	Quetta	0	1
Quid-e-Azam Stadium	Mirpur	0	0

Pakistan women's cricket team

Main article: Pakistan national women's cricket team

The Pakistan women's cricket team has a much lower profile than the men's team. For all national women's cricket teams, the female players are paid much less their male counterparts, and the women's teams do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The team played it first match during 1997, when it was on tour of New Zealand and Australia and were invited to the World Cup later that year and in the Women's Asia Cup during 2005 the team came third place. During 2007, the team with face South Africa and later in the year travel to Ireland to play in the Women's World Cup Qualifier. The team also played at the T20 England World Cup, the team finished 6th place, beating Sri Lanka and South Africa in 2009.

Current Squad

This is a list of all the players who who have played for Pakistan in the last year, and the forms in which they have participated. |-

Name	Age	Batting style	Bowling style	Domestic team	Forms	S/N
Captain Test and ODI; Middle-order batsman
Younus Khan	47	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium, Legbreak	HBL	Test, ODI	75
Vice-Captain and T20 Captain; All-Rounder
Shahid Afridi	44	Right-hand bat	Legbreak	HBL	ODI, T20I	10
Opening batsmen
Ahmed Shehzad	33	Right-hand bat	Legbreak	HBL	ODI, T20I	93
Imran Nazir	43	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak		ODI, T20I	17
Khurram Manzoor	38	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak	PIA	Test, ODI	42
Nasir Jamshed	35	Left-hand bat	–	NBP	ODI	53
Salman Butt	40	Left-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak	NBP	Test, ODI, T20I	1
Shahzaib Hasan	35	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak	Karachi Zebras	T20I	94
Middle-order batsmen
Faisal Iqbal	42	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium	PIA	Test	15
Misbah Ul-Haq	50	Right-hand bat	Right arm legbreak	Khan Research Labs	Test, ODI, T20I	22
Mohammad Yousuf	50	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak		Test, ODI	13
Umar Akmal	34	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak		ODI, T20I	96
Wicket-keepers
Kamran Akmal	42	Right-hand bat	–	Lahore Lions	Test, ODI, T20I	23
All-rounders
Abdul Razzaq	45	Right-hand bat	Right-arm Fast-medium		ODI, T20I	12
Fawad Alam	39	Left-hand bat	Slow left-arm orthodox	NBP	Test, ODI, T20I	25
Shoaib Malik	42	Right-hand bat	Right-arm offbreak	PIA	Test, ODI, T20I	51
Sohail Tanvir	40	Left-hand bat	Left-arm medium-fast, Slow left-arm orthodox	Rawalpindi	ODI, T20I	8
Fast bowlers
Abdur Rauf	46	Right-hand bat	Right-arm fast-medium	SSGC	Test, ODI	34
Iftikhar Anjum	44	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium	ZTBL	ODI, T20I	21
Mohammad Aamer	32	Left-hand bat	Left-arm fast	NBP	Test, ODI, T20I	90
Mohammad Asif	42	Left-hand bat	Right-arm fast-medium	NBP	ODI	26
Mohammad Talha	36	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium-fast	NBP	Test
Rana Naved-ul-Hasan	46	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium-fast		ODI, T20I	24
Shoaib Akhtar	49	Right-hand bat	Right-arm fast	Rawalpindi	ODI, T20I	14
Sohail Khan	40	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium-fast	SSGC	Test, ODI	57
Umar Gul	40	Right-hand bat	Right-arm fast-medium	HBL	Test, ODI, T20I	55
Yasir Arafat	42	Right-hand bat	Right-arm medium	Kent	Test, ODI, T20I	27
Spin bowlers
Danish Kaneria	44	Right-hand bat	Legbreak	Essex	Test	99
Saeed Ajmal	47	Right-hand bat	Right-arm off break	KRL	Test, ODI, T20I	50

• ¹ Younus Khan has played Twenty20 cricket for Pakistan in the last year but has since retired from the format.

Notable Pakistani cricketers

Batsmen

Renowned Pakistani batsmen include Hanif Mohammad, Mushtaq Mohammad, Saeed Ahmed, Majid Khan, Asif Iqbal, Zaheer Abbas, Javed Miandad, Mudassar Nazar, Mohsin Khan, Saleem Malik, Shoaib Mohammad, Ijaz Ahmad, Saeed Anwar, Aamer Sohail, Inzamam-ul-Haq, Imran Khan, Shahid Afridi, Mohammad Yousuf and Younus Khan.

Batting feats:

• Hanif Mohammad scored 337 against the West Indies in 1958, the first triple hundred by an Asian cricketer, and at the time the longest innings by any batsman in terms of time spent at the wicket.
• Hanif also held the record for the highest individual first class innings for just over 35 years, 499 runs, until Brian Lara scored 501 for Warwickshire in 1994.
• Saeed Anwar holds the record for the highest ODI score, 194, which he scored against the Indian cricket team at Chennai in 1997.
• In 2006, Mohammad Yousuf achieved the record for the most Test match runs in a calendar year (1788), the most centuries in a calendar year (nine) and the most centuries in successive tests (six centuries in five successive tests).
• Shahid Afridi holds the record for the fastest ODI century, reaching the milestone off just 37 balls and also the third fastest ODI century (45 balls).
• Inzamam-ul-Haq and Javed Miandad are the most prolific Pakistani batsmen.Javed Miandad also has made the 10th highest Test Runs.
• Inzamam Ul Haq has made the 4th highest ODI runs and the 11th Highest Test Runs.
• Zaheer Abbas has got the 5th highest ODI runs Average.

Bowlers

Renowned Pakistani bowlers include Fazal Mahmood, Sarfraz Nawaz, Imran Khan, Intikhab Alam, Iqbal Qasim, Abdul Qadir, Wasim Akram, Aaqib Javed, Waqar Younis,Shoaib Akhtar, Mushtaq Ahmed and Saqlain Mushtaq, Umar Gul,Rao Iftikhar Anjum,Sohail Tanveer.Rana Naveed ul Hasan]],Arshad Khan Saeed Ajmal Mohammad Aamer

Bowling feats:

• Wasim Akram took 502 ODI wickets, an ODI record ,which has since been broken by Muttiah Muralidaran of Sri Lanka.
• Shoaib Akhtar holds the record for the fastest delivery recorded, clocked at 100.2 mph.
• Saqlain Mushtaq is credited with inventing the off-spinner's delivery known as the "doosra."
• Saqlain also holds the record for being the fastest to reach 100, 150, 200 and 250 wickets in ODI cricket.
• Umar Gul holds the record for best T20 match figures , taking 5 wickets for 6 runs against New Zealand in the ICC World International T20 Tornament 2009
• Imran Khan holds the bowling average of 22.81 and Shabbir Ahmed holds the bowling average of 23.03
• Waqar Younis has taken the 3rd highest ODI Wickets and the 14th highest Test Wickets.
• Wasim Akram has taken the 2nd highest ODI Wickets and the 9th highest Test Wickets.

Reverse swing

Main article: Reverse Swing

Reverse swing was first discovered by Sarfraz Nawaz in the 1970s, who then passed it on to another Pakistani bowler, Imran Khan. Khan mastered reverse swing and the evidence of reverse swing by him was seen in 1983 in a Test match against India at Karachi, where he took 5 wickets in 25 balls. Imran Khan subsequently passed this skill on to Waqar Younis and Wasim Akram who are considered to have been the finest exponents of the art.

On Pakistan's 1992 tour of England, England had no answer to the reverse swing, a new phenomenon to them. Pakistan won the series 2-1. The series was controversial one as the Pakistani team were accused of ball tampering, particularly by the English media. However, it was later conceded that the Pakistani bowlers were simply ahead of their time. Following this episode, reverse swing expanded around the cricket world and more bowlers, including those from England, mastered the art.

Controversies

• During the fourth Test against England at the Oval on August 20, 2006, ball tampering accusations were made against the Pakistani team, which resulted in the team forfeiting the match. On the fourth day of the Test, during England's second innings, the ball began to late reverse swing for Umar Gul in particular, resulting in him dismissing Alastair Cook LBW to an inswinging yorker. Four overs later, on examining the ball, umpire Darrell Hair decided there was evidence that the ball had been tampered with. He consulted with the other umpire, Billy Doctrove, and penalised the Pakistani team for interfering with the condition of the ball, awarding five runs to England. Following the playing conditions for that Test, the England batsmen were allowed to choose a replacement ball from a selection of six provided. Although play continued until the end of the afternoon session, the Pakistani team decided in principle, not to reappear at the start of the third session. This decision was made in protest of what they believed to be an unjust and insensitive decision. However Pakistan's claim that the ball had been damaged by being hit to the boundary - and for six - is not entirely credible.The ball in question had not been hit for four during the previous three overs, and was never hit for six. As a result of the Pakistani team's failure to appear at the field, the umpires awarded the test to England, cricket's first and only forfeiture till July 2008 when the cricket's international governing body International Cricket Council (ICC) changed the result of the test from an English win to a draw (it was then restored to an England win in February 2009). The Pakistani team was cleared of any wrongdoing when further proceedings saw captain Inzamam-ul-Haq found not guilty of ball tampering. However, the team's protest led to him being banned for four games on the charge of bringing the game of cricket into disrepute.

• Immediately following the ball tampering controversy was the news that its front-line pace bowlers Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Asif had both tested positive for Nandrolone, a banned anabolic steroid. Though both denied any substance abuse, on November 1, 2006 both Akhtar and Asif were banned for a period of 2 years and 1 year respectively. However, both bowlers were successful in their appeals with the earlier bans being revoked. The World Anti-Doping Agency made an appeal in the Court of Arbitration for Sport over the revoking of this ban. However, the Court of Arbitration for Sport later dropped the case, ruling it had no jurisdiction to challenge the decision made by PCB.

See also

• Pakistan Under-19 cricket team
• Pakistani national cricket captains
• Pakistan national women's cricket team
• India versus Pakistan cricket rivalry
• Pakistan Cricket Team Records

External links

• Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB)
• Cricinfo's List of Pakistani Grounds
• Voice of Cricket Pakistan
• Cricinfo Pakistan
• BBC Sport: Pakistan cricket team news and fixtures
• Cricket news for Pakistan