List of track gauges: Difference between revisions
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→Uncommon or obsolete gauges: Removed misleading "double track", and changed some Irish and Indian gauges to original imperial units. |
Peter Horn (talk | contribs) →Pennsylvania trolley gauge – {{RailGauge|5ft2.5in}} or {{RailGauge|5ft2.25in}}: - ==== Pennsylvania trolley gauge – {{RailGauge|5ft2.5in}} or {{RailGauge|5ft2.25in}} ==== (Not that common) |
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|6 ft 2 in |
|6 ft 2 in |
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|[[Ireland]] |
|[[Ireland]] |
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|[[Ulster Railway]], 1839–1846, re-gauged to {{RailGauge|63|disp=/}} |
|[[Ulster Railway]], 1839–1846, [[Gauge conversion|re-gauged]] to {{RailGauge|63|disp=/}} |
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|rowspan="3"|1,829 |
|rowspan="3"|1,829 |
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|5 ft 5{{frac|5|6}} in (six Castilian feet) |
|5 ft 5{{frac|5|6}} in (six Castilian feet) |
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|[[Spain]] |
|[[Spain]] |
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|Original gauge (changed to |
|Original gauge ([[Gauge conversion|changed]] to {{RailGauge|1668mm|disp=s}} ([[Iberian gauge]]) from 1955 on {{citation required|date=May 2011|reason=changed from "in the 19th century" without citation}}), still in use at the [[Barcelona Metro]] [[Barcelona metro line 1|L1]] |
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|1,664 |
|1,664 |
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|5 ft 5½ in (five Portuguese feet) |
|5 ft 5½ in (five Portuguese feet) |
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|[[Portugal]] |
|[[Portugal]] |
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|Original gauge (changed to |
|Original gauge (changed to {{RailGauge|1668mm|disp=s}} ([[Iberian gauge]]) from 1955 on{{citation required|date=May 2011|reason=changed from "in the 19th century" without citation}}) |
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|1,638 |
|1,638 |
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|5 ft 2½in |
|5 ft 2½in |
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|[[United States]] |
|[[United States]] |
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|Pennsylvania |
|[[Pennsylvania trolley gauge]], see<br> [[Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority]] [[SEPTA#Subway|subway cars]],<br> Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority [[Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority#streetcars|streetcars]]<br> and [[Streetcars in New Orleans|New Orleans streetcars]], [[Cincinnati]]<ref name=parovoz /><ref name=nlwiki>{{cite web| url=http://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lijst_van_spoorwijdten&oldid=10277508| date=2007-11-25| title=Lijst van spoorwijdten| work=nl.wikipedia| accessdate=2007-11-29}}</ref> |
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|1,581 |
|1,581 |
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|5 ft 2¼in |
|5 ft 2¼in |
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|[[United States]] |
|[[United States]] |
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|[[SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley Lines|Philadelphia streetcars]] |
|[[Pennsylvania trolley gauge]], see [[SEPTA Subway–Surface Trolley Lines|Philadelphia streetcars]] |
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|1,575 |
|1,575 |
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|5 ft 2 in |
|5 ft 2 in |
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|[[Ireland]] |
|[[Ireland]] |
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|[[Dublin and Drogheda Railway]], 1844–1846, re-gauged to {{RailGauge|63}} |
|[[Dublin and Drogheda Railway]], 1844–1846, [[Gauge conversion|re-gauged]] to {{RailGauge|63}} |
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|1,537 |
|1,537 |
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|4 ft 11½ in |
|4 ft 11½ in |
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|[[Ukraine]] |
|[[Ukraine]] |
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|[[Kiev tramways]] - gradually changed to {{RailGauge|1524mm}} in 1920s. |
|[[Kiev tramways]] - gradually [[Gauge conversion|changed]] to {{RailGauge|1524mm}} in 1920s. |
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|1,495 |
|1,495 |
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Track gauges by size
Common gauges
Any gauge wider than standard gauge or "Normal gauge" – 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) – is called broad gauge, any gauge smaller is called narrow gauge.
Broad gauges
Indian gauge – 66
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan | |
| Argentina | Almost all lines America Latina Logistica,[1] (Railroad Development Corporation[2]) (former San Martín line), Sarmiento line, Nuevo Central Argentino (former Mitre line) and Ferrosur Roca (former Ferrocarril General Roca), except Urquiza and Belgrano |
| Bangladesh | Bangladesh Railway |
| Canada | Grand Trunk Railway, St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad and the Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad until 1873, Specific names, Provincial gauge Grand Trunk Railway of Canada[3] Intercolonial Railway of Canada until 1875. See also Canada. |
| Chile | Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado |
| India | Major routes of Indian Railways, Delhi Metro (some lines), Kolkata Metro; The other metro lines are 1435 standard gauge. |
| Kazakhstan | |
| Kyrgyzstan | |
| Pakistan | |
| Paraguay | The Ferrocarril Presidente Don Carlos Antonio Lopez from Asunción to Encarnación was originally laid in this gauge, in the hope that the connecting line from Posadas to Buenos Aires would be built to the same gauge; alas, this line was laid to standard gauge, and when the FCPCAL reached Encarnación in 1912 the whole line had to be re-gauged to standard gauge to allow through-working. |
| Russia | |
| Scotland | Two early (1830s) linked railways around Arbroath, (see Scotch gauge) |
| Sri Lanka | |
| United States | Maine Central Railroad until 1871; Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART), San Francisco Bay Area. |
| Tajikistan | |
| Turkmenistan | |
| Uzbekistan |
Iberian gauge – 1668
| Country/region | Notes | |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | REFER network. Adjusted from the original 1664 in the 19th cent. | Other gauges used in Portugal: 2140[4] or 2,134 mm (7 ft 0 in)[5] (Azores), 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), 1000, 900, and 600 |
| Spain | Adjusted from the original 1672 in the 19th cent.|RENFE national railways (except High-Speed AVE). Barcelona Metro L1 Line. |
Irish gauge – 63
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Australia | States of South Australia, Victoria (Victorian broad gauge), New South Wales (only a few routes connected to Victoria) and Tasmania, Australia (one line, Deloraine to Launceston, opened in 1871, was converted to 42 in 1888). |
| Brazil | Lines connecting the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas Gerais; E.F.Carajás in Pará and Maranhão states, and Ferronorte in Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul states. |
| Germany | Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway 1840 - 1855[6] |
| Ireland | Irish broad gauge |
| New Zealand | Canterbury Provincial Railways (All routes gauge converted to 42 by 1876) |
Russian gauge (imperial) – 60
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan | also: 2140 mm and 1676 mm |
| Finland | |
| Sweden | Only a small freight yard in Haparanda. Used for exchanging cargo with Finnish trains. |
| United States | The South (except in Florida, which used 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm) Scotch gauge) - prior to and after the Civil War. |
| Panama | Panama Railway prior to conversion to standard gauge in 2000 to suit off-the-shelf supply. |
| Former Soviet Union | Prior to narrowing the gauge on the paper by 4 mm to 1520 and narrowing the tolerances; the railways and the rolling stock were adjusted only when needed or upgraded |
Russian gauge (metric) – 1520
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Armenia | |
| Azerbaijan | also: 1435 mm |
| Belarus | |
| Bulgaria | Only at Varna ferry terminal for train ferries to Odessa and Poti; equipped with dual gauge tracks for changing waggon bogies with standard gauge ones, and parallel transloading tracks of 1520 and 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauges. |
| Estonia | |
| Georgia | also: 1435 mm and 912 mm |
| Germany | Only at Sassnitz/Mukran ferry terminal for freight train ferries to Turku, Klaipeda and Baltijsk. |
| Hong Kong | Peak Tram |
| Kazakhstan | also: 2140 mm, 1676 mm and 1435 mm |
| Kyrgyzstan | also: 1676 mm |
| Latvia | |
| Lithuania | |
| Moldova | |
| Mongolia | |
| Poland | Almost exclusively on one line, see Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line |
| Russia | |
| Slovakia | Only on one line ("Širokorozchodná trať" (Uzhhorod -)Maťovce - Haniska pri Košiciach) and from the border station of Dobrá pri Čiernej nad Tisou to Ukraine, both operated by ZSSK Cargo. In 2008, the 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) gauge was also proposed for a new rail line from the Ukrainian border to Bratislava,[7] eventually as far to Vienna. |
| Tajikistan | also: 1676 mm |
| Turkmenistan | also: 1676 mm and 1435 mm |
| Ukraine | |
| Uzbekistan | also: 2140 mm and 1676 mm |
Standard gauge - 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
| Country/region | Companies | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Albania | Hekurudha Shqiptarë | |
| Algeria | Société Nationale des Transports Ferroviaires | |
| Argentina | Railroad Development Corporation[8] - Former Urquiza Line
|
Other lines are mostly 1676 broad gauge (Indian gauge) |
| Australia | Pacific National, Pilbara Railways | |
| Austria | Österreichische Bundesbahnen | |
| Azerbaijan | ||
| Belgium | NMBS/SNCB, Brussels Metro and tramway | |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine and Željeznice Republike Srpske, formed from former Yugoslav Railways, Sarajevo tramways |
|
| Brazil | Estrada de Ferro do Amapá 1,440 mm (4 ft 8+11⁄16 in); Line 5; Uruguaiana - Border to Argentina (mixed gauge 1435 and 1000); Santana do Livramento - Border to Uruguay (mixed gauge 1,435 and 1,000 mm);
Remaining tracks at Jaguarão (Rio Grande do Sul) currently without operation |
Estrada de Ferro do Amapá, Jane's World Railways 1969/1970 edition gives 1435 |
| Bulgaria | National Railway Infrastructure Company (NRIC), Bulgarian State Railways (BDZ), Sofia Underground,[9] Part of Sofia Tramway system [10] |
|
| Canada | Canadian Pacific Railway, Canadian National Railways, Via Rail, BC Rail, SRY, SkyTrain (Vancouver), West Coast Express (Vancouver), O-Train, GO Transit, Edmonton Light Rail Transit, C-Train, Scarborough RT (Toronto Transit Commission) | |
| China | Rail transport in the People's Republic of China | A majority of lines are in standard gauge, and Chinese law requires all new state-funded lines to be built with standard gauge. Some meter-gauge and narrow-gauge lines built early in history are still in operation in some areas. |
| Croatia | Hrvatske Željeznice formed from former Yugoslav Railways | |
| Cuba | Ferrocarriles de Cuba | |
| Czech Republic | České dráhy Prague metro all tramway systems in the country (Liberec has dual gauge 1000/1435 mm, with one meter-gauge interurban line to Jablonec nad Nisou) Funicular in Prague |
|
| Denmark | Danish State Railways | |
| Egypt | Egyptian National Railways | |
| England | Liverpool and Manchester Railway | Possibly the first railway built to standard gauge from the start. |
| Estonia / Latvia / Lithuania / Belarus | Eesti Raudtee | Re-gauging all existing system from 1520 and mounting some industrial railways during WWII; 1944-45 all railways re-gauged to 1520. |
| Finland | Finnish Rail Administration | Only at Turku ferry terminal for train ferries to Stockholm, and a freight yard in Tornio. |
| France | SNCF, RATP (on RER lines) | |
| Germany | Deutsche Bahn | |
| Georgia | ||
| Greece | Hellenic Railways Organisation | |
| Hong Kong | Rail transport in Hong Kong | several MTR lines use 1432, instead of 1435[11][12][13][14] |
| Hungary | MÁV, GySEV Budapest metro Tramway systems in Budapest, Debrecen, Miskolc, Szeged Budapest cogwheel railway |
|
| India | Only use for most of city rail systems: Delhi Metro (Phase 2), Mumbai Metro, Calcutta Tramway, etc. | Indian heavy rail systems (Indian Railways) use 1676 Indian broad gauge. |
| Indonesia | Built in Aceh Province | |
| Iran | Islamic Republic of Iran Railways | |
| Iraq | ||
| Ireland | Railway Procurement Agency | Luas in Dublin |
| Israel | Israel Railways, CTS - operating the Jerusalem Light Rail | |
| Italy | Ferrovie dello Stato | |
| Japan | Shinkansen, JR Hokkaido Naebo Works (see Train on Train), Keisei Line, Keikyu Line Tokyo Metro Ginza Line, Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line, Toei Asakusa Line, Kintetsu Corp (not including the Minami-Osaka Line (1,067 mm), etc.), Keihan Railway, Hankyu Railway, Hanshin Railway, Kyoto Municipal Subway, Osaka Municipal Subway.[15] | |
| Kazakhstan | ||
| Korea | KRNA, Railways of the DPRK | |
| Lebanon | all lines out of service and more or less dismantled | |
| Libya | network under construction | |
| Lithuania | Line to Šeštokai from Poland (mixed gauge between Mockava and Šeštokai) | |
| Macedonia | Macedonian Railways | |
| Malaysia | RapidKL (Kelana Jaya Line, Ampang Line), KLIA Ekspres | |
| Mexico[16] | ||
| Monaco | ||
| Montenegro | Željeznice Crne Gore | |
| Morocco | ||
| Netherlands | Nederlandse Spoorwegen and regional railways. | |
| Norway | Norwegian State Railways | |
| Panama | Panama Railway | since 2000 |
| Paraguay | Ferrocarril Presidente Don Carlos Antonio Lopez, now Ferrocarril de Paraguay S.A. (FEPASA) | Now working on 36 km out of Asuncion, as a tourist steam line; also on 5 km from Encarnacion to the border with the Argentine, carrying mainly exported soy; the rest of the 441 km of the line awaits its fate, while redevelopment plans come and go with regularity. The section from West of Encarnación to North of San Salvador and the complete San Salvador - Abaí branch have been dismantled by the railway itself to get funds through selling scrap. |
| Peru | Railroad Development Corporation[17] Ferrocarril Central Andino Callao - Lima - La Oroya - Huancayo, La Oroya - Cerro del Pasco ; Ferrocarril del sur de Peru operated by Peru Rail Matarani - Arequipa - Puno and Puno - Cuzco; Ilo - Moquegua mining railroad; Tacna - Arica (Chile) international line, operated by Tacna province; Electric suburban railway of Lima | |
| Philippines | Manila Light Rail Transit and Manila Metro Rail Transit. | |
| Poland | Polskie Koleje Panstwowe, Warsaw metro, most tramway systems throughout the country | |
| Portugal | Planned high-speed lines; Braga funicular; Lisbon subway; Oporto light rail (adapted from former 1000 mm tracks); Almada trams. | |
| Romania | Căile Ferate Române | |
| Russia | Rostov-on-Don tramway, lines connecting Kaliningrad with Poland | |
| Serbia | Serbian Railways | |
| Singapore | MRT | |
| Slovakia | Železnice Slovenskej republiky, Košice tramway system | |
| Slovenia | Slovenske železnice | |
| South Africa | Gautrain in Gauteng Province | Rest of country uses Cape Gauge |
| Spain | AVE High-Speed Train lines from Madrid to Seville, Malaga, Saragossa, Barcelona (-Perthus), Toledo, Huesca and Valladolid, Barcelona Metro L2, L3, L4, L5 lines. Barcelona FGC lines L6, L7, and Metro Vallès S1, S2, S5, S55. | All other 1668 (broad gauge) and some 1000 (meter gauge). |
| Sweden | Swedish State Railways | |
| Switzerland | Swiss Federal Railways | |
| Syria | ||
| Taiwan | Taipei Rapid Transit System, Taiwan High Speed Rail, and Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit | |
| Thailand | Bangkok Skytrain, Bangkok Metro and Suvarnabhumi Airport Link. | |
| Tunisia | Northern part of the network | |
| Turkey | TCDD (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları (Turkish State Railways) | |
| Turkmenistan | ||
| United Kingdom (Great Britain) | Entire Network Rail network (since standardisation by the Railway Regulation (Gauge) Act 1846) | See also the Railway Regulation (Gauge) Act 1846 |
| United States | Modern national rail network | Although it was already in use on many other lines prior to 1863 the Pacific Railway Act of March 3, 1863, specified that the federally funded transcontinental railroad was to use standard gauge and helped to further popularize it among American railroads.[18] |
| Uruguay | ||
| Vietnam | north of Hanoi[19] | Includes dual gauge (standard/metre) to the PRC border. |
Narrow gauges
Cape gauge – 42
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Angola | Transport in Angola, Benguela railway |
| Australia | Queensland , Western Australia, South Australia, Tasmania |
| Botswana | |
| Canada | western New Brunswick until 1880s, all of the Newfoundland Railway until abandonment in September 1988 and the Prince Edward Island Railway until 1930, standard gauge until abandonment in December 1989, see Narrow gauge railways in Canada |
| Republic of the Congo | |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
| Costa Rica | Rail transport in Costa Rica |
| Ecuador | |
| Estonia | Tramway/ streetcar in Tallinn |
| Ghana | |
| Haiti | One of two track gauges known to be used in Haiti. |
| Honduras | |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong Tramways |
| Indonesia | |
| Japan | Most common JR lines. First rail gauge used. |
| Malawi | |
| Mozambique | |
| Namibia | |
| New Zealand | New Zealand Railways Corporation - standardised at 1067 mm by Julius Vogel in 1870 |
| Nicaragua | now lifted |
| Nigeria | |
| Norway | The 1,067 mm gauge was first used by C A Pihl on a line opened 1861. The nickname CAP-gauge is from his initials and not from the use of the gauge in the Cape Province in South Africa. Some lines built in the 19th century to 1067 were later rebuilt to normal gauge. The Setesdalsbanen, a heritage railway line of about eight km remains at 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in). |
| Philippines | Philippine National Railways |
| Russia | Sakhalin Island |
| South Africa | |
| Sudan | |
| Sweden | Several during the 19th century, now all closed. |
| Taiwan | Taiwan Railway Administration system |
| Tanzania | TAZARA only |
| United States | Former Los Angeles Railway, the former San Diego Electric Railway (until gauge conversion to standard gauge in 1898), former Portland, Oregon urban streetcar lines (until closure in 1950), Tacoma Washington, Denver Colorado, and the San Francisco cable car system. Commonly used in underground coal mines.[20] |
| Zambia | |
| Zimbabwe | National Railways of Zimbabwe |
Metre gauge – 1000
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Argentina | Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano, now Belgrano Cargas, Tren de las Nubes |
| Bangladesh | |
| Benin | |
| Brazil | |
| Bolivia | All Railway Lines |
| Burkina Faso | |
| Burma | |
| Cambodia | |
| Cameroon | |
| Chile | Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado, Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia. |
| China | |
| Croatia | Tramways in Zagreb and Osijek |
| Denmark | A few local railways. None remains. Århus tramway (closed), Danish tramway museum. |
| Djibouti | Djibouti to Addis Abeba |
| Ethiopia | Addis Abeba - Djibouti line |
| Finland | Helsinki tram |
| France | Historically used in many local and regional railways, only a few of which remain today. Includes Saint-Gervais-Vallorcine Line and Villefranche-Vernet-les-Bains - La Tour-de-Carol and Salbris - Luçay-le-Mâle operated by SNCF. Chemins de fer de la Provence (Train des pignes); Chemins de fer de Corse; Chemin de Fer de La Mure. |
| Germany | Harzer Schmalspurbahnen, trams |
| Greece | mainly in the Peloponnese |
| India | Pachora-Jamner line |
| Italy | Trento-Malè-Mezzana, owned by Trentino Trasporti, Ferrovia Genova-Casella, Domodossola-Locarno international railway, Trieste-Opicina tramway, Rittnerbahn-ferrovia del Renon tramway, Laas-Lasa marble quay railway |
| Ivory Coast | |
| Iraq | |
| Kenya | |
| Laos | |
| Latvia | Liepāja tramway |
| Madagascar | |
| Malaysia | KTM line |
| Mali | |
| Norway | Thamshavnbanen (heritage railway) and the Trondheim Tramway (Gråkallbanen) |
| Pakistan | |
| Poland | City trams of: Łódź (including suburban lines), Bydgoszcz and Toruń (planned to be interconnected), Grudziądz, and Elbląg |
| Portugal | Several mainly mountainous branch lines, partly abandoned, never fully interconnected; connected to the REFER network by means of shared stations and some dual gauge stretches. |
| Romania | Tram systems in Arad, Iaşi and Sibiu, also in Galaţi until fully replaced by standard gauge in 1975. |
| Russia | Kaliningrad and Pyatigorsk tramways |
| Senegal | |
| Serbia | Belgrade Tram, Šargan Eight |
| Singapore | KTM line to Malaysia |
| Slovakia | Bratislava trams/streetcars, mountain railroad and a cogwheel railroad in the area of High Tatras (Tatranské elektrické železnice), Children's railway (Detská železnica) in Košice. |
| Spain | FEVE lines in north-west Spain, including the Transcantábrico Barcelona Metro line 8 and FGC suburban lines S4, S8, R5 and R6 |
| Switzerland | Nearly all narrow-gauge railways: suburban railways, mountain railways, rack railways, some long-distance railways and trams. |
| Tanzania | except for TAZARA |
| Thailand | |
| Tunisia | |
| Turkey | Istanbul nostalgic trams |
| Uganda | |
| Ukraine | Lviv, Vinnytsia, Zhytomyr and Eupatoria tramways |
| Vietnam |
Three foot gauge – 36
| Country/region | Notes |
|---|---|
| Australia | Powelltown Tramway, Private timber tramways.[21] |
| Canada | White Pass and Yukon Route, Narrow gauge Canada |
| Colombia | Colombian Railways; also: 1435 and 1067 |
| El Salvador | |
| Guatemala | Rail transport in Guatemala Ferrovías Guatemala[22] |
| Ireland | County Donegal Railways Joint Committee (Closed - Part preserved),
Londonderry & Lough Swilly Railway (Closed), Cavan & Leitrim Railway (Closed - part preserved), West Clare Railway (Closed - part preserved), Ballycastle Railway (Closed), Giant's Causeway Tramway (Closed - part preserved), Ballymena & Larne Railway (Closed), Bord Na Mona - extensive industrial railway network. |
| Isle of Man | Manx Electric Railway and Isle of Man Railway |
| Peru | Huancayo - Huancavelica,[23] being converted to standard gauge, see Railroad Development Corporation, Cusco - Machu Picchu, Cusco - Machu Picchu[24] and Ferrocarril Central Andino |
| Spain | Palma-Soller-Puerto de Soller line (Balearic Islands) |
| United States | In Colorado: Cumbres and Toltec Scenic Railroad, Georgetown Loop, Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad; in California the Disneyland Railroad, the North Pacific Coast Railroad, the South Pacific Coast Railroad, the Ghost Town & Calico Railway, the Yosemite Mountain Sugar Pine Railroad, the Roaring Camp and Big Trees Narrow Gauge Railroad, the West Side Lumber Company railway and the Carson and Colorado Railroad extending into Nevada; in Florida the Walt Disney World Railroad; in New York the Catskill Mountain Railway, the Catskill and Tannersville Railway; and the Otis Elevating Railway; in Oregon the Sumpter Valley Railroad. Historically, the entire Denver & Rio Grande and Colorado & Southern networks, as well as some lines on the Southern Pacific, were constructed to 3 foot gauge. Some of the current lines listed in this section are remnants of these railroads; the rest were either widened to standard gauge, or abandoned. Additionally, many smaller railroads in Colorado which interchanged with the D&RG (later D&RGW) and C&S lines, such as the Rio Grande Southern and the Uintah Railway (which also crossed into Utah) were built to this gauge. |
Uncommon or obsolete gauges
Medium gauge
Narrow gauge railway with a gauge above 1,000 mm and below Standard Gauge. Although technically narrow gauge these railways are often built to substantial standards, allowing high train speeds and capacity.
| Gauge | Country/region | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metric mm |
Imperial | ||
| 1,432[11] | 4 ft 83⁄8 in | Hong Kong | Island Line (including West Island Line), Kwun Tong Line (including Kwun Tong Line Extension), Tseung Kwan O Line, Tsuen Wan Line, Tung Chung Line |
| 1,422 | 4 ft 8 in | United States | Mount Washington Cog Railway, Green Mountain Cog Railway (cog railway in Maine, 1883–1890) |
| England | prior to 1846 (proto standard gauge) | ||
| 1,416 | 4 ft 7¾ in | Scotland/England | List of Tramways in Scotland/ England (Huddersfield Tramway) |
| 1,397 | 4 ft 7 in | Wales | Duffryn Llynvi and Porthcawl Railway |
| 1,384 | 4 ft 6½ in | Scotland | various railways in Scotland (prior to 1840) |
| 1,372 | 4 ft 6 in | Japan | Keiō Line, Toei Shinjuku Line, Toden Arakawa Line, Tokyu Setagaya Line, Hakodate tramway |
| Scotland | various railways in Scotland (prior to 1840) | ||
| Spain | Former Spanish colonial gauge | ||
| United States | originally in Florida (further south than Jacksonville) | ||
| 1,350 | 4 ft 51⁄8 in | Brazil | Santos tramways (closed 1971)[28] and later Santos heritage tramways (1984–86 and 2000–present)[29] |
| 1,245 | 4 ft 1 in | England | Middleton Railway (standard gauge after 1881) |
| 1,219 | 4 ft 0 in | Wales | Padarn Railway (1842–1961), Saundersfoot Railway (1829–1939) |
| Scotland | Glasgow Subway, Falkirk (1905–1936) | ||
| England | Furzebrook Railway (c.1830–1957), Redruth and Chasewater Railway (1826–1915) | ||
| New Zealand | Wellington tramway system: electric trams, system closed 1964. | ||
| 1,217 | 3 ft 11⅞ in | Sweden | |
| 1,200 | 3 ft 11¼ in | Switzerland | Bergbahn Rheineck-Walzenhausen (formerly a funicular converted to a cog Railway. Only one EMU-1) |
| 1,188 | 3 ft 10¾ in | Sweden | |
| 1,106 | 3 ft 7½ in | Austria | From Gmunden in the Salzkammergut to Budweis, now in the Czech Republic. |
| 1,100 | 3 ft 7⅓ in | Brazil | The Santa Teresa Tramway in Rio de Janeiro |
| Germany | Braunschweig tram system; former tram systems in Kiel and Lübeck | ||
| Italy | Former SVIE (Società Varesina per Imprese Elettriche) network around Varese, circa 1903–1955 | ||
| 1,093 | 3 ft 7 in | Sweden | The Köping-Uttersberg-Riddarhyttan Railway, 1864-1968. The gauge was by mistake |
| 1,055 | 3 ft 5½ in | Algeria | |
| 1,050 | 3 ft 51⁄3 in | Jordan | Hejaz railway |
| Syria | |||
| Lebanon & Syria | former Beyrouth - Damascus Railway, mostly dismantled in Lebanon | ||
| Israel & Saudi Arabia | dismantled parts of former Hejaz railway | ||
| 1,009 | 3 ft 311⁄16 in | Bulgaria | Most of tramway system in Sofia, except for two lines with standard gauge. Initially it was built as 1000. When the condition of tracks vastly deteriorated during WW2, it was formally widened to 1,013 mm in order to avoid loss of the licence. Then it gradually narrowed to 1,009 mm with a tendency to be reverted back to 1,000 mm. All these changes affected only the infrastructure and not the rolling stock. |
Narrow gauge
Narrow gauge railways with a gauge above 22.75 and below 1,000 mm.
| Gauge | Country/region | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metric mm |
Imperial | ||
| 950 "Italian metre gauge" | 3 ft 12⁄5 in | Italy | One of the gauges formerly permitted by law. Some regional railways. |
| Eritrea | |||
| Somalia | Former line Mogadishu to Villaggio | ||
| 912 | 2 ft 11⅞ in | Georgia | The 37 km Borjomi - Bakuriani line |
| 900 | 2 ft 117⁄16 in | Austria | Linz urban tramways; Pöstlingbergbahn (converted from metre gauge in 2008–9). |
| Estonia | Vaivara-Viivikonna mine railway; re-gauged to standard gauge during WWII; after the war re-gauged to 1520. | ||
| Germany | Mecklenburgische Bäderbahn | ||
| Georgia (Abkhazia) | New Athos Cave Railway | ||
| Indonesia | Used by Rendeng sugar mill for sugar cane transport to the mill | ||
| Norway | This gauge was used by the Germans up to 1945. It was called Feldbahn (field railway) and was used for industrial plants or other temporary uses. In Norway,during the WW2, the Germans built a 15 km long railway between the harbour at Aardalstangen and the industrial plant of Upper Aardal. It was closed down in 1959 and was at that time only used at the iron works. One steam locomotive was lost into the sea, but was refound by divers around 1990. It is now restored and exhibited at Aardalstangen. | ||
| Poland | Cracow tramways (re-gauged to standard gauge in 1953) | ||
| Portugal | Lisbon tramways and the former Braga tramways (closed in 1963) | ||
| 891 | 2 ft 111⁄10 in (3 Swedish feet) | Sweden | Many 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in) lines were built during 19th and early 20th century by private companies. The state railroad company SJ always used 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) gauge during construction of its own railway lines. SJ later bought most of Sweden’s private railroad companies. Some have been converted to 1,435 mm. Of all 891 mm lines that existed, now only the Roslagsbanan (a commuter line going north-east from Stockholm) uses this gauge, and a number of museum railways. |
| 850 | Italy | Ponte Tresa-Luino (1924: converted to 1,100 mm (3 ft 7+5⁄16 in) gauge, 1950: closed) Menaggio-Porlezza (1939: closed) | |
| 825 | 2 ft 8½ in | United Kingdom | Volk's Electric Railway |
| 802 | Sweden | Far behind 891 mm, this was one of the most frequently used narrow gauges in Sweden. The Hällefors-Fredriksberg Railways (1874-1970) in Värmland is one example of where this gauge was used. However, the railways of this gauge never formed much of a network anywhere. None of them remain today. | |
| 800 | 2 ft 7½ in | Switzerland | Numerous rack and mountain railways |
| Wales | Snowdon Mountain Railway | ||
| 785 | 2 ft 69⁄10 in | Poland | |
| 762 | 2 ft 6 in | Australia | Victorian narrow gauge lines including Puffing Billy tourist railway east of Melbourne. |
| Brazil | Estrada de Ferro Oeste de Minas in Minas Gerais state, now operating only a small section between São João del Rey and Tiradentes). | ||
| Chile | Ferrocarril de Antofagasta a Bolivia (now 1 ) | ||
| Estonia | Industrial railway in Tamsalu lime factory; during WWI re-gauged to 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) and used as a part of Paide-Tamsalu railway; now dismantled. | ||
| Haiti | One of two track gauges known to be used in Haiti | ||
| India | Kalka-Shimla Railway, Kangra valey railway | ||
| Japan | Abō Forest Train (industrial railway),[30] Kintetsu Utsube Line, Kintetsu Hachiōji Line, Kurobe Gorge Railway, Kurobe Senyō Railway (industrial railway), Sangi Railway Hokusei Line | ||
| Sierra Leone | |||
| Sri Lanka | The Kelani Valley Railway line (now converted to broad gauge) | ||
| Taiwan | Alishan Forest Railway | ||
| United States | Omaha Zoo Railroad, Washington Park and Zoo Railway (Portland, Oregon), various logging railways in California[31] | ||
| United Kingdom | Alford and Sutton Tramway, Leek and Manifold Valley Light Railway, Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway, Almond Valley Light Railway, Sittingbourne & Kemsley Light Railway, Great Whipsnade Railway | ||
| 760 | 2 ft 59⁄10 in | Austria[27]* | Bahnstrecke Tschagguns–Partenen, Bregenzerwaldbahn, Waldbahn Deutschlandsberg, Feistritztalbahn, Gurktalbahn, Höllentalbahn (Niederösterreich), Klammbachwaldbahn, Lokalbahn Ober-Grafendorf–Gresten, Mariazellerbahn, Lokalbahn Mixnitz–Sankt Erhard, Murtalbahn, Pinzgauer Lokalbahn, Salzkammergut-Lokalbahn, Stainzerbahn , Steyrtalbahn, Straßenbahn Ybbs, Taurachbahn, Thörlerbahn, Vellachtalbahn, Waldbahn Reichraming, Waldviertler Schmalspurbahnen, Ybbstalbahn, Zillertalbahn |
| Bulgaria | Few railways, of which only Septemvri - Dobrinishte (125.3 km) remains in operation | ||
| Haiti | Most sources claims, besides the wider gauge of 1067, the narrower of two gauges being used was 762, but few others (CIA) use 760 on their documents. See also Railroads of Haiti. | ||
| Hungary | |||
| Italy | Fleimstalbahn, Grödnerbahn, Lokalbahn Mori–Arco–Riva | ||
| Romania | A few railways of this gauge; some renovated for the tourist industry: see Mocăniţă. | ||
| Slovakia | Čierny Hron River Railway; Several other logging railroads | ||
| 750 | 2 ft 5½ in | Argentina | 48 mi (77.2 km) only of the Ferrocarril General Manuel Belgrano[32] (now probably 1 ?); La Trochita |
| Ecuador[32] | |||
| Estonia | |||
| Greece | Rack railway between Diakopto - Kalavryta at northern Peloponnesos | ||
| Germany | Lößnitzgrundbahn; Weißeritztalbahn; Döllnitzbahn GmbH; Zittauer Schmalspurbahn | ||
| Indonesia | Used by 6 sugar mill in Java (Bandjaratma, Ceper, Colomadu, Tasikmadu, Pakis Baru and Trangkil). Now only Tasikmadu in use. | ||
| Latvia | |||
| Lithuania | |||
| Norway | Only 1 heritage railway left (Aurskog-Hølandsbanen) | ||
| Poland | |||
| Russia | |||
| Switzerland | Waldenburgerbahn | ||
| 724 | 2 ft 4½ in | Wales | Glyn Valley Tramway |
| 711 | 2 ft 4 in | England | Snailbeach District Railways |
| 700 | 2 ft 3½ in | Denmark | Standard gauge for sugar beet railways; none remain. |
| Indonesia | Used by 36 sugar mill in Java. Now only 23 in use. | ||
| 686 | 2 ft 3 in | Wales | Talyllyn Railway, Corris Railway, Plynlimon and Hafan Tramway |
| Scotland | Campbeltown and Machrihanish Light Railway | ||
| 610 | 2 ft 0 in | Australia | Queensland: extensive network of sugar cane tramways |
| India | Darjeeling Himalayan Railway | ||
| Japan | Tateyama Sabō Erosion Control Works Service Train (industrial railway) | ||
| Mexico | Córdoba and Huatusco Railroad; Cazadero and San Pablo Railroad; Ferrocarril de Hornos | ||
| South Africa | Port Elizabeth to Avontuur (284 km) and Port Shepstone to Harding (122 km) | ||
| United Kingdom | Many lines | ||
| United States | Billerica and Bedford Railroad and Edaville Railroad of Massachusetts; 6 Maine railroads: Sandy River and Rangeley Lakes Railroad, Bridgton and Saco River Railroad, Monson Railroad, Kennebec Central Railroad, Wiscasset, Waterville and Farmington Railway, S. D. Warren Paper Mill; the Maine Narrow Gauge Railroad Museum and Boothbay Harbor, Maine support twenty four-inch narrow gauge railroad museums; Mount Gretna Narrow Gauge Railway of Pennsylvania; Gilpin tramway of Colorado; Cripple Creek and Victor Railroad of Colorado; Silver City, Pinos Altos and Mogollon Railroad of New Mexico; "C.P. Huntingdon" commercially manufactured 24 park train rides exist in Roswell, New Mexico and Tucson, Arizona | ||
| 603 | 1 ft 11¾in | Wales | Vale of Rheidol Railway |
| 600 "Decauville gauge" |
1 ft 11⅝in | Argentina | Rainforest Ecological Train (New system) |
| Brazil | Estrada de Ferro Perus-Pirapora (Closed - part preserved) | ||
| Estonia | |||
| England | Lynton and Barnstaple Railway | ||
| France | Corsica, Chemins de Fer du Calvados, World War I trench railways | ||
| Germany | Park Railway Chemnitz[33] | ||
| Greece | Mt. Pelion Railway | ||
| Hungary | Almamellék State Forest Railway, Kemence Forest Museum Railway | ||
| Indonesia | Used by 8 sugar mill in Java (Jatiwangi, Jatibarang, Pangka, Sragi, Cepiring, Soedhono, Tulangan and Pandji). Now only 6 in use. | ||
| Latvia | |||
| Mexico | Ferrocarril de Tacubaya | ||
| Namibia | Otavi Mining and Railway Company | ||
| Poland | Żnińska Kolej Powiatowa - a narrow gauge railway running from Żnin via Wenecja, Biskupin to Gąsawa | ||
| Portugal | Beach railways in Caparica (Almada) and Barril (Tavira) | ||
| Sweden | once several, a few remaining as museum railways (Munkedal, Mariefred-Läggesta) | ||
| Wales | Ffestiniog Railway, Welsh Highland Railway | ||
Minimum gauge
| Gauge | Country | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metric mm |
Imperial | ||
| 578 | 1 ft 10+3⁄4 in | Wales | Penrhyn Quarry Railway |
| 558 | 1 ft 9+31⁄32 in | Dominican Republic | Transport in the Dominican Republic |
| 500 "Decauville gauge" |
19+3⁄4 in | Argentina | Tren del Fin del Mundo, Ushuaia - Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego |
| France | Several Decauville railways | ||
| United Kingdom | |||
| 483 | 19 in | Isle of Man | Great Laxey Mine Railway |
| 457 | 18 in | United Kingdom | Sand Hutton Light Railway, Steeple Grange Light Railway, Crewe Works Railway, Royal Arsenal Railway |
| United States | Billy Jones Wildcat Railroad, Los Gatos, CA | ||
| 381 | 15 in | United Kingdom | Duffield Bank Railway, Eaton Hall Railway, Perrygrove Railway, Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway, Bure Valley Railway, Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway |
| United States | Redwood Valley Railway, Tilden Regional Park, Berkeley, CA | ||
| Germany | Dresden Park Railway | ||
See also
- British narrow gauge railways
- History of rail transport by country
- List of railway companies by country
- Loading gauge
- Structure gauge
- Rail gauge
- Rail gauge in Europe
- Rail gauge in South America
- Railroad switch (points)
- Rail terminology
- Rail transport
- Rail transport by country
- Ridable miniature railway
References
- ^ "ALL - América Latina Logistica" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "ALL Central". Railroad Development Corporation. 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Canada's Digital Collections archived at Library and Archives Canada". Government of Canada. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ Churcher, Colin. "Broad Gauge Railway Relics in the Açores". Retrieved 03 May 2011.
... the broad gauge of 7 feet 0¼ inches ... was that chosen by Isambard kingdom Brunel for the Great Western Railway.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ Kers, Ernst. "Açores: Broad gauge harbor line". Retrieved 03 May 2011.
... Stöckl did measure the gauge himself: 7 foot / 2134 mm! The gauge which was favoured by Brunel in the 19th century in England ...
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help) - ^ a b Rieger, Bernhard (2006-04-23). "Breitspurbahn". Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Slovaks eye 4.3 bln euro railway for Russian goods" (Reuters, Thursday April 3, 2008)
- ^ "ALL Mesopotamica". Railroad Development Corporation. 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ Sofia Underground
- ^ Sofia Tramway system
- ^ a b [1]
- ^ [http://www.ica.roofandfacade.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=51:hong-kongs-mtr-system&catid=46:surface-roadrail-transport&Itemid=13
- ^ Travel Hong Kong: Illustrated Guide, Phrasebook And Maps (Mobi Travel), MobileReference, 2010 (ISBN: 9781607788713)
- ^ Allen, Geoffrey Freeman, Jane's World Railways, 1987-88, Jane's Information Group, 1987 (ISBN: 9780710608482)
- ^ "標準軌". ja.wikipedia (in Japanese). 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Mexlist". 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Ferrocarril Central Andino". Railroad Development Corporation. 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Pacific Railroad Act - Transcontiental Railroad and Land Grants". Retrieved 2008-12-25.
- ^ "Railway Infrastructure". Vietnam Railways. 2005. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ H. H. Stoek, J. R. Fleming, A. J. Hoskin, A Study of Coal Mine Haulage in Illinois, Engineering Experiment Station Bulletin No. 132, University of Illinois, July 1922, pages 102-103.
- ^ M. A. McCarthy. (1998) "Gembrook - the Railway and Town". Retrieved on 2008-11-06
- ^ "Ferrovías Guatemala". Railroad Development Corporation. 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Map of Peru". Railroad Development Corporation. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "RUTA CUSCO - MACHU PICCHU". Perurail. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ a b c "Railroad Gauge Width". Паровоз ИС. Российский железнодорожный портал. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ "Écartement des rails". fr.wikipedia (in French). 2007-11-13. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ a b "Lijst van spoorwijdten". nl.wikipedia. 2007-11-25. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ Morrison, Allen (1989). The Tramways of Brazil: A 130-Year Survey. New York: Bonde Press. pp. 134–138. ISBN 0-9622348-1-8.
- ^ Morrison, Allen (1 November 2010). "The Tramways of Latin America in 2010". Retrieved 2010-11-09.
- ^ "安房森林軌道". ja.wikipedia (in Japanese). 2007-10-10. Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ Elg, Lennart (2003-04-01). "30" Gauge Logging". Retrieved 2007-11-29.
- ^ a b Jane's World Railways. 1969–1970.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ "Parkeisenbahnen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz". Retrieved 2009-08-23.
