Madison, Wisconsin: Difference between revisions
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'''{{mergefrom|Madison Fire Department|discuss=Talk:Madison, Wisconsin#Merger proposal|date=December 2012}} |
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My name is Michael and i hate wisconsin! madison is a nugget and i think everyone in the world can eat paper! |
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{{mergefrom|Madison Police Department|discuss=Talk:Madison, Wisconsin#Merger proposal|date=December 2012}} |
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'''{{Other uses|Madison (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
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|name = Madison, Wisconsin |
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|official_name = City of Madison |
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|settlement_type = [[City]] and [[U.S. State|State Capital]] |
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|nickname = |
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|motto = |
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|image_skyline = Madisonwisconsin20060813p001.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = Downtown Madison skyline |
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|image_flag = Madison Wisconsin Flag.svg |
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|image_seal = MadisonWIseal.png |
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|image_map = WIMap-doton-Madison.PNG |
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|mapsize = 250px |
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|map_caption = Location of Madison in [[Dane County]], [[Wisconsin]] |
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|coordinates_display = inline,title |
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|coordinates_region = US-WI |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
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|subdivision_name = United States |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. State]] |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Wisconsin]] |
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|subdivision_type2 = Municipality |
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|subdivision_name2 = City |
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|leader_title = [[Mayor]] |
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|leader_name = [[Paul Soglin]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) |
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|established_title1= [[Plat]]ted |
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|established_date1= October 9, 1839<ref name="platted1839"/> |
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|established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]] |
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|established_date2 = 1848 |
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<!-- Area --> |
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|unit_pref = Imperial |
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|area_footnotes = <ref name ="Gazetteer files"/> |
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|area_magnitude = |
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|area_total_km2 = 243.54 |
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|area_land_km2 = 198.89 |
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|area_water_km2 = 44.65 |
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|area_total_sq_mi = 94.03 |
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|area_land_sq_mi = 76.79 |
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|area_water_sq_mi = 17.24 |
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|area_urban_sq_mi = |
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|area_urban_km2 = |
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|area_metro_sq_mi = |
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|area_metro_km2 = |
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<!-- Population --> |
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|population_as_of = [[2010 United States Census|2010]] |
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|population_est = 236901 |
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|pop_est_as_of = 2011<ref name="2011 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2011/files/SUB-EST2011-IP.csv|publisher={{URL|1=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau|2=United States Census Bureau}}|accessdate=2013-01-02}}</ref> |
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|population_footnotes = <ref name ="FactFinder"/> |
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|population_total = 233209 |
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|population_density_km2 = 1172.6 |
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|population_density_sq_mi = 3037.0 |
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|population_note = |
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|population_metro = 568593 |
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|population_urban = 329533<sup>1</sup> |
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| population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]] |
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| population_blank1 = Madisonian |
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|area_code = [[Area code 608|608]] |
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|timezone = Central |
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|utc_offset = −6 |
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|timezone_DST = CDT |
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|utc_offset_DST = −5 |
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|latd= 43|latm=4|lats=|latNS=N |
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|longd= 89|longm=24 |longs= |longEW=W |
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|elevation_m = |
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|elevation_ft = |
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|website = [http://www.cityofmadison.com/ www.cityofmadison.com] |
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|footnotes =<sup>1</sup> Urban = 2000 Census |
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}} |
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'''Madison''' is the [[Capital city|capital]] of the [[U.S. state]] of [[Wisconsin]] and the [[county seat]] of [[Dane County, Wisconsin|Dane County]]. As of July 1, 2011, Madison had an estimated population of 236,901,{{GR|2}} making it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]], and the [[List of United States cities by population|81st largest]] in the United States. The city forms the core of the [[United States Census Bureau]]'s [[Madison metropolitan area|Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which includes all of Dane County and neighboring [[Iowa County, Wisconsin|Iowa]] and [[Columbia County, Wisconsin|Columbia]] counties. The Madison [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]] had a 2010 population of 568,593. |
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==History== |
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[[File:madison 1855.jpg|thumb|250px|right|View of Madison. From the Water Cure, South Side of Lake Monona, 1855.]] |
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[[File:Madison WI Barber 1865p439cropped.jpg|250px|thumb|right|View of downtown and Capitol from Washington Street, 1865.]] |
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Madison's origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge [[James Duane Doty]] purchased over a thousand acres (4 km²) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. When the [[Wisconsin Territory]] was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in [[Belmont, Wisconsin]]. One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering [[American bison|buffalo]] robes to the freezing legislators and promising choice Madison lots at discount prices to undecided voters{{citation}}. He had [[James Slaughter]] [[plat]] two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day Middleton. Doty named the city Madison for [[James Madison]], the fourth President of the U.S. who had died on June 28, 1836 and he named the streets for the other 39 signers of the [[United States Constitution|U.S. Constitution]].<ref>Historic Madison, Inc., [http://www.historicmadison.org/Madison%27s%20Past/madisonspast.html Madison's Past - Early History]</ref> Although the city existed only on paper, the territorial legislature voted on November 28 in favor of Madison as its capital, largely because of its location halfway between the new and growing cities around [[Milwaukee]] in the east and the long established strategic post of [[Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin|Prairie du Chien]] in the west, and between the highly populated [[lead]] mining regions in the southwest and Wisconsin's oldest city, [[Green Bay, Wisconsin|Green Bay]] in the northeast. Being named for the much-admired [[Founding Fathers of the United States|founding father]] [[James Madison]], who had just died, and having streets named for each of the [[Philadelphia Convention|39 signers]] of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], may have also helped attract votes.<ref>[http://www.wicourts.gov/about/organization/supreme/hearingroom.htm WiC-hear], WiCourts.gov.</ref> |
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===Creation and expansion=== |
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The cornerstone for the Wisconsin capitol was laid in 1837, and the legislature first met there in 1838. On October 9, 1839, [[Kintzing Prichette|Kintzing Prichett]] registered the [[plat]] of Madison at the registrar's office of the then-territorial [[Dane County, Wisconsin|Dane County]].<ref name="platted1839">{{cite book| title= Reports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court of the State of Wisconsin| volume= 6 | publisher= E.E. Hale & Co. | location= Beloit| year= 1858 |page= 215 | chapter= Vilas vs. Reynolds| url= http://books.google.com/books?id=Qf4aAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA215 | accessdate= 2011-07-24}}</ref> Madison was incorporated as a village in 1846, with a population of 626. When Wisconsin became a state in 1848, Madison remained the capital, and the following year it became the site of the University of Wisconsin (now [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]]). The [[Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad|Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad]] (a predecessor of the [[Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad|Milwaukee Road]]) connected to Madison in 1854. Madison incorporated as a city in 1856, with a population of 6,863, leaving the unincorporated remainder as a separate [[Madison (town), Wisconsin|Town of Madison]].<ref>[http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/WI/WI-idx?type=header;pview=hide;id=WI.MadDane ''Madison, Dane County and Surrounding Towns''], Madison: Wm. J. Park, 1877, pp. 543–558.</ref> The original capitol was replaced in 1863 and the second capitol burned in 1904. The current capitol was built between 1906 and 1917.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.wisconsin.gov/state/core/wisconsin_state_capitol_tour.html | title=Wisconsin State Capitol Tour | publisher=State of Wisconsin |accessdate=2007-05-24}}</ref> |
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During the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], Madison served as a center of the [[Union Army]] in Wisconsin. The intersection of Milwaukee, East Washington, Winnebago and North Streets is known as Union Corners, because a tavern located there was the last stop for Union soldiers before heading to fight the Confederates. Camp Randall, on the west side of Madison, was built and used as a training camp, a military hospital, and a prison camp for captured [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] soldiers. After the war ended, the Camp Randall site was absorbed into the University of Wisconsin and [[Camp Randall Stadium]] was built there in 1917. In 2004 the last vestige of active military training on the site was removed when the stadium renovation replaced a firing range used for [[ROTC]] training. |
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The City of Madison continued annexations from the Town of Madison almost from the date of the city's incorporation, leaving the latter a collection of discontinuous areas subject to annexation. In the wake of continued controversy and an effort in the state legislature to simply abolish the town, an agreement was reached in 2003 to provide for the incorporation of the remaining portions of the Town into the City of Madison and the [[Fitchburg, Wisconsin|City of Fitchburg]] by October 30, 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=ftp://doaftp04.doa.state.wi.us/doadocs/Madison-Madison-FitchburgAgreement.pdf | title=2003 City of Madison, City of Fitchburg and Town of Madison Cooperative Plan |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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[[File:Madison, Wis., panorama from Capitol dome.jpg|700px|thumb|left|Madison, Wis., panorama from Capitol dome taken between 1880 and 1899]]<br clear = "all"> |
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==Geography and climate== |
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[[File:Madison Wisconsin.jpg|thumb|left|Astronaut Photography of Madison Wisconsin taken from the International Space Station (ISS)]] |
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[[Image:Lake Monona Madison, WI.jpg|thumb|250px|right|View of [[Lake Monona]] from Monona Terrace]] |
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Madison is located in the center of Dane County in south-central Wisconsin, {{convert|77|mi|km|0}} west of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]] and {{convert|122|mi|km|0}} northwest of [[Chicago]]. The city completely surrounds the smaller [[Madison (town), Wisconsin|Town of Madison]], the City of [[Monona, Wisconsin|Monona]], and the [[Village (Wisconsin)|villages]] of [[Maple Bluff, Wisconsin|Maple Bluff]] and [[Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin|Shorewood Hills]]. Madison shares borders with its largest suburb, [[Sun Prairie, Wisconsin|Sun Prairie]], and three other communities, [[Middleton, Wisconsin|Middleton]], [[McFarland, Wisconsin|McFarland]] and [[Fitchburg, Wisconsin|Fitchburg]]. The city's boundaries also approach the villages of [[Verona, Wisconsin|Verona]], [[Cottage Grove, Wisconsin|Cottage Grove]], [[DeForest, Wisconsin|DeForest]], and [[Waunakee, Wisconsin|Waunakee]]. |
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|94.03|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which, {{convert|76.79|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|17.24|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name ="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher={{URL|1=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau|2=United States Census Bureau}}|accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> |
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The city is sometimes described as ''The City of Four Lakes'', comprising the four successive lakes of the [[Yahara River]]: [[Lake Mendota]] ("Fourth Lake"), [[Lake Monona]] ("Third Lake"), [[Lake Waubesa]] ("Second Lake") and [[Lake Kegonsa]] ("First Lake"),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/dictionary/index.asp?action=view&term_id=9293&term_type_id=2&term_type_text=Places&letter=F|title=Dictionary of Wisconsin History: Four Lakes|publisher=[[Wisconsin Historical Society]]}}</ref> although Waubesa and Kegonsa are not actually in Madison, but just south of it. A fifth smaller lake, [[Lake Wingra]], is within the city as well; it is connected to the Yahara River chain by Wingra Creek. The Yahara flows into the [[Rock River (Illinois)|Rock River]], which in turn, flows into the [[Mississippi River]]. Downtown Madison is located on an [[Madison Isthmus|isthmus]] between Lakes Mendota and Monona. The city's trademark of "Lake, City, Lake" reflects this geography. |
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Local identity varies throughout Madison, with over 120 officially recognized neighborhood associations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofmadison.com/residents/Community/index.cfm|title=City of Madison Website, Communities and Neighborhoods}}</ref> Neighborhoods on and near the eastern part of the isthmus, some of the city's oldest, have the strongest sense of identity and are the most politically liberal.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} Historically, the north, east, and south sides were [[blue-collar worker|blue collar]] while the west side was [[white-collar worker|white collar]], and to a certain extent this remains true. Students dominate on the [[University of Wisconsin-Madison|University of Wisconsin]] campus and to the east into downtown, while to its south and in [[Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin|Shorewood Hills]] on its west, faculty have been a major presence since those neighborhoods were originally developed. The turning point in Madison's development was the university's 1954 decision to develop its experimental farm on the western edge of town; since then, the city has grown substantially along suburban lines. |
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Madison, along with the rest of the state, has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfb/Dfa''), characterized by variable weather patterns and a large seasonal temperature variance: winter temperatures can be well below freezing, with moderate to occasionally heavy snowfall; high temperatures in summer average in the lower 80s °F (27–28 °C), reaching {{convert|90|F|1}} on an average 12 days per year,<ref name=NCDC>{{cite web|url=http://cdo.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/wi/474961.pdf|title=NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals|publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]|date=August 2011}}</ref> often accompanied by high humidity levels. The warmer months usually see greater precipitation. |
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{{Weather box |
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|collapsed = Y |
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|location = Madison, Wisconsin ([[Dane County Regional Airport|KMSN]]), 1981-2010 normals |
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|single line = Y |
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|Jan record high F = 56 |
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|Feb record high F = 64 |
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|Mar record high F = 82 |
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|Apr record high F = 94 |
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|May record high F = 101 |
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|Jun record high F = 101 |
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|Jul record high F = 107 |
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|Aug record high F = 102 |
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|Sep record high F = 99 |
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|Oct record high F = 90 |
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|Nov record high F = 77 |
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|Dec record high F = 64 |
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|year record high F = 107 |
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|Jan high F = 27.2 |
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|Feb high F = 31.9 |
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|Mar high F = 43.9 |
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|Apr high F = 58.0 |
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|May high F = 69.1 |
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|Jun high F = 78.7 |
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|Jul high F = 82.3 |
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|Aug high F = 80.1 |
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|Sep high F = 72.5 |
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|Oct high F = 59.7 |
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|Nov high F = 44.9 |
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|Dec high F = 31.0 |
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|Jan low F = 11.0 |
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|Feb low F = 15.0 |
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|Mar low F = 24.7 |
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|Apr low F = 35.7 |
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|May low F = 46.0 |
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|Jun low F = 56.0 |
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|Jul low F = 60.8 |
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|Aug low F = 58.8 |
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|Sep low F = 50.1 |
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|Oct low F = 38.7 |
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|Nov low F = 28.1 |
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|Dec low F = 15.8 |
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|Jan record low F = −37 |
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|Feb record low F = −29 |
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|Mar record low F = −29 |
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|Apr record low F = 0 |
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|May record low F = 19 |
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|Jun record low F = 31 |
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|Jul record low F = 36 |
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|Aug record low F = 35 |
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|Sep record low F = 25 |
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|Oct record low F = 13 |
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|Nov record low F = −11 |
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|Dec record low F = −25 |
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|year record low F = −38 |
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|Jan precipitation inch = 1.23 |
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|Feb precipitation inch = 1.45 |
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|Mar precipitation inch = 2.19 |
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|Apr precipitation inch = 3.40 |
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|May precipitation inch = 3.55 |
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|Jun precipitation inch = 4.54 |
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|Jul precipitation inch = 4.18 |
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|Aug precipitation inch = 4.22 |
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|Sep precipitation inch = 3.13 |
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|Oct precipitation inch = 2.40 |
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|Nov precipitation inch = 2.39 |
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|Dec precipitation inch = 1.75 |
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|year precipitation inch = 34.42 |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan snow inch = 13.2 |
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|Feb snow inch = 10.9 |
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|Mar snow inch = 6.9 |
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|Apr snow inch = 2.6 |
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|May snow inch = 0.2 |
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|Jun snow inch = 0 |
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|Jul snow inch = 0 |
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|Aug snow inch = 0 |
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|Sep snow inch = 0 |
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|Oct snow inch = 0.5 |
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|Nov snow inch = 3.5 |
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|Dec snow inch = 13.5 |
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|year snow inch = 51.2 |
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|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |
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|unit snow days = 0.1 in |
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|Jan precipitation days = 10.2 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 9.2 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 10.5 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 12.1 |
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|May precipitation days = 11.9 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 11.1 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 10.6 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 9.3 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 9.3 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 9.8 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 10.6 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 10.1 |
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|Jan snow days = 10.0 |
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|Feb snow days = 8.0 |
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|Mar snow days = 5.8 |
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|Apr snow days = 2.1 |
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|May snow days = 0.2 |
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|Jun snow days = 0 |
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|Jul snow days = 0 |
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|Aug snow days = 0 |
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|Sep snow days = 0 |
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|Oct snow days = 0.5 |
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|Nov snow days = 3.8 |
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|Dec snow days = 8.6 |
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|Jan sun = 142.6 |
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|Feb sun = 152.6 |
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|Mar sun = 186.0 |
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|Apr sun = 207.0 |
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|May sun = 263.5 |
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|Jun sun = 294.0 |
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|Jul sun = 303.8 |
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|Aug sun = 269.7 |
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|Sep sun = 213.0 |
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|Oct sun = 173.6 |
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|Nov sun = 111.0 |
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|Dec sun = 108.5 |
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|year sun = 2425.3 |
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|source 1 = NOAA <ref name = NOAA > |
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{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mkx |
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|title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data |
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|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |
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|accessdate = 2011-12-29}}</ref> |
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|source 2=The Weather Channel (records),<ref name= Weather.com>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/MSN:9|title=Monthly Averages for Madison, WI – Temperature and Precipitation|publisher=The Weather Channel}}</ref> HKO (sun)<ref name=HKO>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/washington_e.htm|title=Climatological Normals of Washington, DC|publisher=[[Hong Kong Observatory]]}}</ref> |
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|date=December 2011}} |
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==Demographics== |
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{{USCensusPop |
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|1840=172 |
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|1850=1525 |
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|1860=6611 |
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|1870=9176 |
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|1880=10324 |
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|1890=13426 |
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|1900=19164 |
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|1910=25531 |
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|1920=38378 |
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|1930=57899 |
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|1940=67447 |
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|1950=96056 |
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|1960=126706 |
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|1970=171809 |
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|1980=170616 |
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|1990=191262 |
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|2000=208903 |
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|2010=233209 |
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|estimate=236901 |
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|estyear=2011 |
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|align=left |
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|footnote=Source: U.S. Census<ref>{{cite web | title= Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 | publisher=United States Census Bureau | url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027.html | accessdate=2006-12-31 }}</ref> |
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}} |
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As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $41,941, and the median income for a family was $59,840. Males had a median income of $36,718 versus $30,551 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $23,498. About 5.8% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over. |
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{{clear|right}} |
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===2010 census=== |
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As of the [[census]]<ref name ="FactFinder">{{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher={{URL|1=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau|2=United States Census Bureau}}|accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> of 2010, there were 233,209 people, 102,516 households, and 47,824 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3037.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 108,843 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1417.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 78.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 7.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.4% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 7.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 2.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 6.8% of the population. |
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There were 102,516 households out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.87. |
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The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 17.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 19.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.4% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 9.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. |
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{{clear}} |
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===Combined Statistical Area=== |
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[[Image:Madison-Baraboo CSA.png|thumb|left|150px|Madison-Baraboo CSA: {{legend|#FF0000|Madison MetroSA}} {{legend|#FFFF00|Baraboo MicroSA}}]] |
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Madison is the larger principal city of the [[Madison-Baraboo, WI CSA|Madison-Baraboo CSA]], a [[Combined Statistical Area]] that includes the Madison metropolitan area (Columbia, Dane and Iowa counties) and the [[Sauk County, Wisconsin|Baraboo micropolitan area]] ([[Sauk County, Wisconsin|Sauk County]]),<ref>U.S. [[Office of Management and Budget]], [http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List4.txt Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Components], 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.</ref><ref>U.S. [[Office of Management and Budget]], [http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List5.txt Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Components], 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.</ref><ref>U.S. [[Office of Management and Budget]], [http://www.census.gov/population/www/estimates/metro_general/2006/List6.txt Combined Statistical Areas and Component Core Based Statistical Areas], 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.</ref> which had a combined population of 630,569<ref>{{cite web |title=Population and Housing Occupancy Status: 2010 - United States -- Combined Statistical Area |format=[[XHTML#XHTML_1.0|XHTML 1.0 Transitional]]/[[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]]/JavaScript; Requires Internet Explorer 7, Firefox 3 (Gecko 1.9.x) or newer |work=[[United States Census, 2010]] |publisher=American FactFinder (census.gov) |year=2010 |url= http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_NSRD_GCTPL2.US41PR&prodType=table |accessdate=}}</ref> at the [[United States Census, 2010|2010 census]].{{GR|2}} |
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==Government== |
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Madison has a mayor-council system of government. Madison's [[Madison Common Council|city council]], known as the [[Madison Common Council|Common Council]], consists of 20 members, one from each district. The mayor is elected in a citywide vote. |
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Madison is represented by [[Mark Pocan]] (D) in the [[United States House of Representatives]], and by [[Ron Johnson (Wisconsin politician)|Ron Johnson]] (R) and [[Tammy Baldwin]] (D) in the [[United States Senate]]. [[Mark F. Miller]] (D) and [[Fred Risser]] (D) represent Madison in the [[Wisconsin State Senate]], and [[Robb Kahl]] (D), [[Melissa Sargent (legislator)|Melissa Sargent]] (D), [[Chris Taylor]] (D), [[Terese Berceau]] (D), and [[Brett Hulsey]] (D) represent Madison in the [[Wisconsin State Assembly]]. |
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==Politics== |
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[[Image:Wis-capitol.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Wisconsin State Capitol]] atop Madison's [[Madison Isthmus|isthmus]]]] |
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City voters have supported the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] in national elections in the last half-century, and a liberal and progressive majority is generally elected to the city council. Detractors often refer to Madison as ''The [[People's Republic#Other uses|People's Republic]] of Madison,'' the "Left Coast of Wisconsin" or as "78 square miles surrounded by reality." This latter phrase was coined by former Wisconsin Republican governor [[Lee S. Dreyfus]], while campaigning in 1978, as recounted by campaign aide Bill Kraus.<ref>{{cite book |title=Surrounded by reality |last=Moe |first=Doug |authorlink=Doug Moe (writer) |year=2005 |publisher=Jones Books |location=Madison |isbn=0976353938 |page=xiii |pages= |accessdate=July 26, 2012 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=8EgjAQAAMAAJ&q=dreyfus+78+square+miles+surrounded+by+reality&dq=dreyfus+78+square+miles+surrounded+by+reality&source=bl&ots=E3LcgUapq_&sig=laOz0X2BD2VP6-_n9fb-7z9ZDmQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SMoQUIXGMILt0gHTkYHgDQ&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAA}}</ref> |
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The city's voters are generally much more liberal than voters in the rest of Wisconsin. For example, 76% of Madison voters voted against a 2006 state [[Wisconsin Referendum 1 (2006)|constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage]],<ref>{{cite web| title=Fair Wisconsin News Release | url=http://www.fairwisconsin.com | accessdate=2007-04-14}}</ref> even though the ban passed statewide with 59% of the vote.<ref>{{cite news| title=Key Ballot Measures | publisher=CNN.com | url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2006/pages/results/ballot.measures/ | accessdate=2007-04-16}}</ref> |
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===Current politics=== |
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Madison city politics remain dominated by activists of liberal and progressive ideologies. In 1992, a local third party, [[Progressive Dane]], was founded. Recently enacted city policies supported in the Progressive Dane platform have included an [[inclusionary zoning]] ordinance, later abandoned by the mayor and a majority of the city council, and a city minimum wage. The party holds several seats on the Madison City Council and Dane County Board of Supervisors, and is aligned variously with the Democratic and Green parties. |
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In early 2011, Madison was the site for [[2011 Wisconsin protests|large protests]] against a bill proposed by Governor [[Scott Walker (politician)|Scott Walker]] that removed collective bargaining rights for public worker unions. The protests at the capitol ranged in size from 10,000 to over 100,000 people and lasted for several months. |
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===Historical politics=== |
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In the 1960s and 1970s, the Madison [[counterculture]] was centered in the neighborhood of Mifflin and Bassett streets, referred to as "Miffland". The area contained many three-story apartments where students and counterculture youth lived, painted murals, and operated the co-operative grocery store, the Mifflin Street Co-op. Residents of the neighborhood often came into conflict with authorities, particularly during the administration of Republican mayor [[William Dyke|Bill Dyke]]. Dyke was viewed by students as a direct antagonist in efforts to protest the [[Vietnam War]] because of his efforts to suppress local protests. The annual [[Mifflin Street Block Party]] became a focal point for protest, although by the late 1970s it had become a mainstream community party. |
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During the late 1960s and early 1970s, thousands of students and other citizens took part in [[Opposition to the Vietnam War#Growing protests|anti-Vietnam War marches and demonstrations]], with more violent incidents drawing national attention to the city and UW campus. These include: |
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* the 1967 student protest of [[Dow Chemical Company]], with 74 injured; |
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* the 1969 strike to secure greater representation and rights for African-American students and faculty, which necessitated the involvement of the Wisconsin [[United States National Guard|Army National Guard]]; |
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* the 1970 fire that caused damage to the Army [[Reserve Officer Training Corps|ROTC]] headquarters housed in the Old Red Gym, also known as the Armory; and |
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* the 1970 late summer predawn [[ANFO]] bombing of the Army Mathematics Research Center in Sterling Hall, killing a postdoctoral student, Robert Fassnacht. ''(See [[Sterling Hall bombing]])'' |
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These protests were the subject of the documentary [[The War at Home (1979 film)|''The War at Home'']].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/52754/The-War-at-Home/overview | title=The War at Home (1979) Review Summary | publisher=New York Times | accessdate=July 10, 2012}}</ref> [[David Maraniss]]'s book, ''[[They Marched into Sunlight]]'', incorporated the 1967 Dow protests into a larger [[Vietnam War]] narrative. Tom Bates wrote the book ''Rads'' on the subject (ISBN 0-06-092428-4). Bates wrote that Dyke's attempt to suppress the annual Mifflin Street block party "would take three days, require hundreds of officers on overtime pay, and engulf the student community from the nearby Southeast Dorms to Langdon Street's fraternity row. [[Tear gas]] hung like heavy fog across the Isthmus." In the fracas, student activist [[Paul Soglin]], then a city [[alderman]], was arrested twice and taken to [[County jail|jail]]. Soglin was later elected mayor of Madison, serving from 1973 to 1979, 1989 to 1997, and is the current mayor, elected again in April, 2011. During his middle term he led the construction of the Frank Lloyd Wright designed [[Monona Terrace]]. |
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===Political groups and publications=== |
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Madison is home to the [[Freedom from Religion Foundation]], which attempts to influence government in matters relating to the [[separation of church and state]]. The largest national organization advocating for non-theists, FFRF is known for its lawsuits against religious displays on public property, and for advocating removal of "[[In God We Trust]]" from American [[currency]]. The group publishes a monthly newspaper, ''Freethought Today''. |
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Madison is associated with [[Robert M. La Follette, Sr.|"Fighting Bob" La Follette]] and the [[Progressive Party (United States, 1924)|Progressive movement]]. La Follette's magazine, ''[[The Progressive]]'', founded in 1909, is still published in Madison. |
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==Religion== |
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Madison is the [[episcopal see]] for the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madisondiocese.org |title=Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison home page |publisher=Madisondiocese.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> [[Saint Raphael's Cathedral, Madison, Wisconsin|Saint Raphael's Cathedral]], damaged by arson in 2005 and demolished in 2008, was the mother church of the diocese. |
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The USA's third largest congregation of [[Unitarian Universalists]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Walton|first=Christopher|title=What size are Unitarian Universalist congregations?|url=http://uuworld.org/ideas/articles/188538.shtml|publisher=uuworld.org|accessdate=6 January 2013}}</ref> the [[First Unitarian Society of Madison]], makes its home in the historic Unitarian Meeting House, designed by one of its members, [[Frank Lloyd Wright]]. |
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[[InterVarsity Christian Fellowship|InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA]] has its headquarter in Madison. The city also has a [[Buddhist]] temple, a [[Hindu]] temple, three [[mosques]] and several [[synagogues]], a [[Bahá'í Faith|Bahá'í]] community center, an [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|LDS]] [[stake (LDS)|stake]], and a [[Unity Church]] congregation. |
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==Economy== |
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Wisconsin state government and the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] remain the two largest Madison employers. However, Madison's economy today is evolving from a government-based economy to a consumer services and high-tech base, particularly in the health, biotech and advertising sectors.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} Beginning in the early 1990s, the city experienced a steady economic boom and has been less affected by recession than other areas of the state. Much of the expansion has occurred on the city's south and west sides, but it has also affected the east side near the Interstate 39-90-94 interchange and along the northern shore of Lake Mendota. Underpinning the boom is the development of high-tech companies, many fostered by UW–Madison working with local businesses and entrepreneurs to transfer the results of academic research into real-world applications, especially bio-tech applications. |
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Many businesses are attracted to Madison's skill base, taking advantage of the area's high level of education. 48.2% of Madison's population over the age of 25 holds at least a bachelor's degree.<ref>city-data.com</ref> ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine reported in 2004 that Madison has the highest percentage of individuals holding Ph.D.s in the United States. In 2006, the same magazine listed Madison as number 31 in the top 200 metro areas for "Best Places for Business and Careers."<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/1/Rank_2.html "Best Places for Business] ''[[Forbes]]'', May 22, 2006.</ref> Madison has also been named in ''Forbes'' ten Best Cities several times within the past decade.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} In 2009, in the midst of the [[late-2000s recession]], Madison had an unemployment rate of 3.5% and was ranked number one in a list of "ten cities for job growth".<ref>{{cite news| url= http://www.forbes.com/2009/01/05/cities-jobs-employment-leadership-careers-cx_tw_0105cities_slide_2.html |title= No. 1: Madison, Wis. |work=10 Cities Where They're Hiring| publisher= [[Forbes]] | date=January 5, 2009| accessdate=2011-07-24 | first=Tara | last=Weiss}}</ref> |
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===Business=== |
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The largest employer in Madison is the Wisconsin state government, excluding employees of the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]], and [[University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics]] employees, although both groups of workers are state employees.<ref>{{cite web|author=Steven R. Williams, Webmaster |url=http://www.wseu-24.org |title=Wisconsin State Employees Union website |publisher=Wseu-24.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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The University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics is an important regional teaching hospital and regional trauma center, with strengths in transplant medicine, oncology, digestive disorders, and endocrinology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usnews.com/usnews/health/best-hospitals/directory/glance_6450820.htm|title=Best Hospitals 2006: University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison|publisher=U. S. News and World Reports|year=2006|accessdate=2006-09-12}}</ref> Other Madison hospitals include [[St. Mary's Hospital (Madison)|St. Mary's Hospital]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stmarysmadison.com |title=St. Mary's Hospital |publisher=Stmarysmadison.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> Meriter Hospital, and the [[VA Medical Center]]. |
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Madison is home to companies such as [[Spectrum Brands]] (formerly [[Rayovac]]), [[Alliant Energy]], [[American Family Insurance]], [[American Girl]] (a subsidiary of [[Mattel]]), the [[Credit Union National Association]] and its [[CUNA Mutual Group]], Dean Health Systems, Madison-Kipp Corporation, [[Pacific Cycle]], [[Schoeps Ice Cream]], and [[Sub-Zero Refrigerator|Sub-Zero & Wolf Appliance]]. Technology companies in the area include [[Berbee]] Information Networks, [[Broadjam]], [[Epic Systems|Epic]], [[FSBO Madison]], [[Full Compass Systems]], [[Human Head Studios]], [[Netconcepts]] (recently purchased by Covario), [[Raven Software]], [[Sonic Foundry]], [[TDS Telecom]], and [[TomoTherapy]]. |
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Biotech firms include [[Invitrogen|Panvera (now part of Invitrogen)]], [[Promega]], and the [[Iceland]]-based [[Nimblegen]]. The [[contract research organization]] [[Covance]] is a major employer in the area.<ref name="NewmanJ">{{cite web|url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/health/478731/at_covance_people_volunteer_for_cash_causes/|title=At Covance, People Volunteer for Cash, Causes|last=Newman|first=Judy|date=22 April 2006|work=The Wisconsin State Journal|accessdate=10 February 2011}}</ref> |
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[[Oscar Mayer]] has been a Madison fixture for decades, and was a family business for many years before being sold to [[Kraft Foods]]. ''[[The Onion]]'' newspaper and the pizza chains [[Rocky Rococo]], the [[Glass Nickel Pizza Company]], and [[Ian's Pizza]] originated in Madison.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rockyrococo.com/rockys-roots.aspx |title=Our Story, Rocky's Roots |publisher=Rockyrococo.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.glassnickelpizza.com/About-Us/about-us.html |title=About Us | About Us |publisher=Glassnickelpizza.com |date=1997-11-05 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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==Utilities== |
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In the mid-2000s Madison partnered with Merrimac Communications to develop and build Mad City Broadband, a wireless internet infrastructure for the city.<ref>Mad City Broadband [http://www.madcitybroadband.com/ "Mad City Broadband"]</ref> In early 2010 a grass-root effort to bring Google's new high-speed fiber Internet to Madison failed.<ref>Google Fiber draws Madisonian support [http://badgerherald.com/news/2010/03/12/google_fiber_draws_m.php "Google Fiber draws Madisonian support"]</ref> |
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Madison is served by [[Madison Gas and Electric]] which provides electricity and natural gas service to the city. |
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==Education== |
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[[Image:BascomHill.JPG|thumb|250px|[[University of Wisconsin–Madison]]]] |
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According to ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, Madison ranks second in the nation in education.<ref>[http://www.forbes.com/2007/12/12/best-places-for-education-oped-cx_dsa_1212educate.html "Where To Educate Your Children"] ''[[Forbes]]'', December 12, 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.forbes.com/opinions/2007/12/12/best-places-for-education-oped-cx_apa_1212educate_slide_3.html?thisSpeed=30000 "In Pictures: Top 20 Places To Educate Your Child"] ''[[Forbes]]'', December 12, 2007.</ref> The [[Madison Metropolitan School District]] serves the city and surrounding area. With an enrollment of approximately 25,000 students in 46 schools, it is the second largest school district in Wisconsin behind the [[Milwaukee School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madison.k12.wi.us/ |title=Madison Metropolitan School District |publisher=Madison.k12.wi.us |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> The five public high schools are [[James Madison Memorial High School|James Madison Memorial]], [[Madison West]], [[Madison East High School|Madison East]], [[Madison LaFollette High School|Madison LaFollette]], and [[Malcolm Shabazz City High School]], an alternative school. |
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Among private church-related high schools are [[Abundant Life Christian School]], [[Edgewood High School (Wisconsin)|Edgewood High School]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edgewood.k12.wi.us/ |title=Edgewood High School |publisher=Edgewood.k12.wi.us |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> located on the [[Edgewood College]] campus, and [[St. Ambrose Academy]], a Catholic school offering grades 6 through 12.<ref>[http://www.madison.com/archives/read.php?ref=/tct/2006/10/13/0610130283.php ''Faith Haven''], Madison, Wis. ''Capital Times'', October 13, 2006.</ref> [[Madison Country Day School]] is a private high school with no religious affiliation. |
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The city is home to the [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]], [[Edgewood College]], [[Madison Area Technical College]], and [[Madison Media Institute]], giving the city a post-secondary student population of nearly 50,000. The University of Wisconsin accounts for the vast majority of students, with an enrollment of roughly 41,000, of whom 30,750 are undergraduates.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/94/colleges-09_University-of-Wisconsin-Madison_94518.html | work=Forbes | title=#415 University of Wisconsin, Madison | date=2009-08-05}}</ref> In a ''Forbes'' magazine city ranking from 2003, Madison had the highest number of Ph.D.s per capita, and third highest college graduates per capita, among cities in the United States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weac.org/GreatSchools/Economy/2003-04/Still-5-17-04.htm|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20040603132937/http://www.weac.org/GreatSchools/Economy/2003-04/Still-5-17-04.htm|archivedate=2004-06-03|title=Forbes rating is more than kudos for Madison; it's a reflection on Wisconsin and the Midwest|publisher=Wisconsin Education Association Council|date=May 17, 2004}}</ref> |
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Additional degree programs are available through satellite campuses of [[Cardinal Stritch University]], [[Concordia University-Wisconsin]], [[Globe University]], [[Lakeland College (Wisconsin)|Lakeland College]], the [[University of Phoenix]], and [[Upper Iowa University]]. Madison also has a non-credit learning community with multiple programs and many private businesses also offering classes. |
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==Transportation== |
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Madison is served by the [[Dane County Regional Airport]], which serves more than 100 commercial flights on an average day, and nearly 1.6 million passengers annually. Most major [[general aviation]] operations take place at [[Morey Field]] in [[Middleton, WI|Middleton]] {{convert|15|mi|km|0}} from the city center. [[Madison Metro]] operates bus routes throughout the city and to some surrounding towns.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.madison.wi.us/metro/ |title=Metro Transit System |publisher=Ci.madison.wi.us |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> Madison has four taxicab companies (Union, Badger, Madison and Green), and several companies provide specialized transit for individuals with disabilities. |
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===Railways=== |
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A [[high-speed rail]] route from [[Chicago]] through Milwaukee and Madison to [[Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota]], was proposed as part of the [[Midwest Regional Rail Initiative]]. Funding for the railway connecting Madison to Milwaukee was approved in January, 2010, but Governor-elect Scott Walker's opposition to the project led the [[Federal Railroad Administration]] to retract the $810 million in funding and reallocate it to other projects.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dot.gov/affairs/2010/dot20810.html |title=Statement From The U.S. Department Of Transportation |publisher=Dot.gov |date=2010-12-09 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> The nearest passenger train station is in [[Columbus, Wisconsin]], {{convert|28|mi|km}} away. There the eastbound Empire Builder provides daily service to Milwaukee and Chicago, and the westbound Empire Builder provides daily service to [[Portland, Oregon]] and [[Seattle, Washington]]. |
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[[Image:WSOR 4025 20050723 WI Madison.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Wisconsin and Southern Railroad|WSOR]] number 4025 painted for the railroad's 25th anniversary, seen in Madison July 23, 2005.]] |
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Railroad freight services are provided to Madison by [[Wisconsin and Southern Railroad]] (WSOR) and [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] (CP). Wisconsin & Southern has been operating since 1980, having taken over trackage owned since the 19th century by the [[Chicago and North Western Railway|Chicago and North Western]] and the [[Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad|Milwaukee Road]]. |
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The [[Transport 2020]] project proposed a hybrid [[commuter rail]]-[[light rail]] transit line along one of the existing rail corridors from [[Middleton, Wisconsin]] to Reiner Road between Madison and [[Sun Prairie, Wisconsin]], serving the University Avenue corridor, [[University of Wisconsin–Madison|UW-Madison]] campus, the isthmus, and northeast Madison. In June 2008, the project submitted an application with the [[Federal Transit Administration]] to begin preliminary engineering for the project. However, in June 2011, authorizing legislation for regional transit authorities in Wisconsin was repealed and the application was withdrawn. The project is currently on hold. |
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===Buses=== |
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In addition to public transportation, regional buses connect Madison to [[Milwaukee]], [[Chicago]], [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]], and many other communities. [[Badger Bus]], which connects Madison to [[Milwaukee]], runs about 10 buses a day. [[Greyhound Lines]], a nationwide bus company, serves Madison on its [[Chicago]], [[Milwaukee]], and [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]] route. [[Van Galder Bus Company]], a subsidiary of [[Coach USA]], provides transportation through [[Rockford, Illinois|Rockford]] to [[Chicago]] – stopping at [[Union Station (Chicago)|Union Station]], [[O'Hare International Airport|O'Hare Airport]], and [[Chicago Midway International Airport|Midway Airport]]. [[Jefferson Lines]] provides transportation to [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]] via [[La Crosse, Wisconsin|La Crosse]]. [[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]] provides limited stop service to [[Chicago]] and [[Minneapolis–Saint Paul]]. [[Lamers Bus Lines]] has once daily trips from Madison to [[Wausau, Wisconsin|Wausau]], [[Dubuque, Iowa|Dubuque]], and [[Green Bay, Wisconsin|Green Bay]]. |
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===Highways=== |
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[[I-39]], [[I-90]] and [[I-94]] expressways intersect at Madison, connecting the city to [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]], [[Chicago]], [[Rockford, Illinois]], [[Minneapolis-St. Paul]], and [[Wausau, Wisconsin|Wausau]]. U.S. Routes [[US-12]], [[US-14]], [[US-18]], [[US-51]] and [[US-151]] connect the city with [[Dubuque, Iowa]], the Wisconsin cities of [[La Crosse, WI|La Crosse]] and [[Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville]], [[Fond du Lac, Wisconsin|Fond du Lac]] and [[Manitowoc, Wisconsin|Manitowoc]]. The [[U.S. Route 12 in Wisconsin|Beltline]] is a six-to-eight [[lane]] [[freeway]] on the south and west sides of Madison and is the main link from downtown to the southeast and western [[suburb]]s. Several [[carsharing]] services are available in Madison, including Community Car a locally-owned company, and [[U-Haul]] subsidiary [[U Car Share]]. |
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==Media== |
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Madison is home to an extensive and varied number of print publications, reflecting the city's role as the state capital and its diverse political, cultural and academic population. The ''[[Wisconsin State Journal]]'' (weekday circulation: ~95,000; Sundays: ~155,000) is published in the mornings, while its sister publication, ''[[The Capital Times]]'' (Thursday supplement to the Journal) is published online daily. Though jointly operated under the name [[Capital Newspapers]], the ''Journal'' is owned by the national chain [[Lee Enterprises]], and the ''Times'' is independently owned. ''Wisconsin State Journal'' is the descendant of the ''Wisconsin Express'', a paper founded in the Wisconsin Territory in 1839. ''The Capital Times'' was founded in 1917 by William T. Evjue, a business manager for the ''State Journal'' who disagreed with that paper's editorial criticisms of Wisconsin Republican Senator [[Robert M. La Follette, Sr.]] for his opposition to U.S. entry into [[World War I]]. |
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The free weekly alternative newspaper ''[[Isthmus (newspaper)|Isthmus]]'' (weekly circulation: ~65,000) was founded in Madison in 1976. ''[[The Onion]]'', a satirical weekly, was founded in Madison in 1988. Two student newspapers are published during the academic year, ''[[The Daily Cardinal]]'' (Mon-Fri circulation: ~10,000) and ''[[The Badger Herald]]'' (Mon-Fri circulation: ~16,000). Other specialty print publications focus on local music, politics and sports, including ''The Madison Times'', ''Wisconsin Sports Weekly'',''[[The Mendota Beacon]]'', ''The Madison Observer'', ''Madison Magazine'', ''The Simpson Street Free Press'' and fantasy sports web site [[RotoWire.com]]. There is a strong community of local blogs including [[Ann Althouse|Althouse]], dane101, and [[The Critical Badger]]. |
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''[[The Progressive]]'', published in Madison, is a left-wing periodical that may be best known for the attempt of the U.S. government in 1979 to suppress one of its articles before publication. The magazine eventually prevailed in the landmark First Amendment case, [[United States v. The Progressive, Inc.]] During the 1970s, there were two radical weeklies published in Madison, known as ''TakeOver'' and ''Free for All'', as well as a Madison edition of the ''[[Bugle (newspaper)|Bugle-American]]'' [[underground newspaper]]. |
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Madison hosts two volunteer-operated and community-oriented radio stations, [[WORT]] and [[WSUM]]. WORT Community Radio (89.9 FM), founded in 1975, is one of the oldest volunteer-powered radio stations in the United States. A listener-sponsored community radio station, WORT offers diverse music and talk programming that is locally produced and hosted by local DJs. WSUM (91.7 FM) is a [[student radio]] station whose programming and operation are carried out almost entirely by students. |
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Madison's [[Wisconsin Public Radio]] station, [[WHA (AM)|WHA]], was one of the first radio stations in the nation to begin broadcasting, and remains the longest continuously broadcasting station in the nation.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} |
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Widely heard public radio programs that originate in Madison include ''[[Michael Feldman's Whad'Ya Know?]]'', ''Zorba Pastor On Your Health'', ''To the Best of Our Knowledge'' and ''Calling All Pets''. |
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[[WXJ-87]] is the [[NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards]] station located on Madison's west side, with broadcasts originating from the [[National Weather Service]] in [[Sullivan, Wisconsin]]. |
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'''See also:''' |
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* [[List of radio stations in Wisconsin]] |
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* [[List of television stations in Wisconsin]] |
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* [[List of Wisconsin magazines#Madison|List of Madison magazines]] |
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* [[List of Wisconsin daily newspapers]] |
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==Culture== |
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In 1996 ''[[Money (magazine)|Money]]'' magazine identified Madison as the best place to live in the United States.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-6373002_ITM | work=Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News | title=Madison, Wis., No. 1 Place to Live in U.S., Money Magazine Says.(Originated from The Wisconsin State Journal) | date=1996-06-13}}</ref> It has consistently ranked near the top of the best-places list in subsequent years, with the city's low unemployment rate a major contributor.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} |
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The main downtown thoroughfare is [[State Street (Madison)|State Street]], which links the University of Wisconsin campus with the Capitol Square, and is lined with restaurants, espresso cafes and shops. Only pedestrians, buses, emergency vehicles, delivery vehicles and bikes are allowed on State Street. |
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On the other side of Capitol Square is King Street, which has more upper-end restaurants and cafes than on the more student-budget State Street. |
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[[Image:WiscANG-F16-Madison-Skyline.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The skyline of Madison, with [[Wisconsin Air National Guard|Wisconsin ANG]] [[F-16]] jet fighters in the foreground]] |
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On Saturday mornings in the summer, the [[Dane County Farmers' Market]] is held around the Capitol Square.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madfarmmkt.org/ |title=Madfarmmkt.org |publisher=Madfarmmkt.org |date=2009-07-29 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> This market attracts numerous vendors who sell fresh produce, meat, cheese, and other products. On Wednesday evenings, the [[Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra]] performs free concerts on the capitol's lawn.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wcoconcerts.com/ |title=Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra |publisher=Wcoconcerts.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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The Great Taste of the Midwest craft beer festival, established in 1987 and the second longest running such event in North America,{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} is held the second Saturday in August. The highly-coveted tickets sell out within an hour of going on sale in May.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mhtg.org |title=Madison Home Brewers and Tasters Guild |publisher=Mhtg.org |date=2011-11-05 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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Madison is host to [[Rhythm and Booms]], a massive fireworks celebration coordinated to music. It begins with a fly-over by [[F-16]]s from the local [[Wisconsin Air National Guard]]. This celebration is the largest fireworks display in the Midwest in length, number of shells fired and the size of its annual budget.<ref>[http://www.rhythmandbooms.com/about/index.php?category_id=696 Rhythm and Booms press release]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> |
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[[Image:Sailboats on Lake Mendota.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Sailboats approaching the south shore of [[Lake Mendota]] and downtown Madison – north side of isthmus]]During the winter months, sports enthusiasts enjoy ice-boating, [[ice skating]], [[ice hockey]], [[ice fishing]], [[cross-country skiing]], and [[snowkiting]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hoofersailing.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=category§ionid=1&id=21&Itemid=23 |title=Hoofer Sailing – Snow Kiting |publisher=Hoofersailing.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> During the rest of the year, outdoor recreation includes sailing on the local lakes, bicycling, and hiking. |
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Madison was named the number one college sports town by ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'' in 2003.<ref>[http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2003/sioncampus/09/10/top_ten0916/ "Best College Sports Towns: Madison #1"] from ''[[Sports Illustrated]]''</ref> In 2004 it was named the healthiest city in America by ''[[Men's Journal]]'' magazine. Many major streets in Madison have designated bike lanes and the city has one of the most extensive bike trail systems in the nation.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} |
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There are many cooperative organizations in the Madison area, ranging from grocery stores (such as the [[Willy Street Cooperative]]) to housing co-ops (such as [[Madison Community Cooperative]] and [[Nottingham Housing Cooperative]]) to worker cooperatives (including and engineering firm and a cab company). |
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In 2005, Madison was included in Gregory A. Kompes' book, ''50 Fabulous Gay-Friendly Places to Live''.<ref>Greater Madison Convention and Visitors Bureau.[http://www.visitmadison.com/newsmedia/press_releases-release.php?id=111 "Madison Ranked Among Nation’s Best Gay-Friendly Places to Call Home"]. December 12, 2005.</ref> The Madison metro area has a higher percentage of gay couples than any other city in the area outside of Chicago and Minneapolis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaydemographics.org/USA/states/wisconsin/2000Census_state_wi_general.htm#Zip |title=Gay Demographics 2000 Census |publisher=Gaydemographics.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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Among the city's neighborhood fairs and celebrations are two large student-driven gatherings, the [[Mifflin Street Block Party]] and the [[State Street Halloween Party]]. Rioting and vandalism at the State Street gathering in 2004 and 2005 led the city to institute a cover charge for the 2006 celebration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madison.com/wsj/mad/top/index.php?ntid=91722&ntpid=1b |title=Madison WI news sports entertainment |publisher=Madison.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> In an attempt to give the event more structure and to eliminate vandalism, the city and student organizations worked together to schedule performances by bands, and to organize activities. The event has been named "Freakfest on State Street."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailycardinal.com/article/20818 |title=University of Wisconsin-Madison |publisher=The Daily Cardinal |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> Events such as these have helped contribute to the city's nickname of "Madtown." |
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In 2009, the Madison Common Council voted to name the plastic pink flamingo as the official city bird.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.channel3000.com/news/20678416/detail.html|title=Council Makes Plastic Flamingo Madison's Official Bird|date=September 2, 2009|publisher=WISC-TV|accessdate=2009-09-02}}</ref> |
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===Music=== |
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Madison's vibrant music scene covers a wide spectrum of musical culture.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zvents.com/z/madison-wi/music |title=Madison Music Events, Shows & Things To Do |publisher=Zvents |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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Several venues offer live music nightly, spreading from the historic Barrymore Theatre and High Noon Saloon on the east side to<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.high-noon.com/ |title=Live Music Venue Madison WI - High Noon Saloon |publisher=High-noon.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> small coffee houses and wine bars. The biggest headliners usually perform at the Orpheum Theatre, the [[Overture Center]] or the UW Theatre on campus. Other popular rock and pop venues include the Majestic Theater, the Frequency, and the Great Dane Pub. During the summer, the Memorial Union Terrace on the University of Wisconsin campus, offers live music five nights a week. The Union is located on the shores of Lake Mendota and offers beautiful scenery and sunsets. |
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The [[Madison Scouts Drum and Bugle Corps]] has provided youth aged 16–22 opportunities to perform across North America every summer since 1938. The [[University of Wisconsin Marching Band]] is a popular [[marching band]]. |
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====Popular bands and musicians==== |
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[[Garbage (band)|Garbage]] is the city's most recognized contemporary contribution to popular music. The multi-million album selling alternative-rock band has been based in Madison since it was formed in 1994 by producer-musician [[Butch Vig]] of [[Viroqua, Wisconsin|Viroqua]]. Vig and bandmate [[Steve Marker]] also owned [[Smart Studios]] in Madison, which closed in 2010. |
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Madison has a lively independent rock scene, and local [[independent record labels]] include [[Crustacean Records]], Science of Sound,<ref>[http://www.scienceofsound.com/ Science of Sound Records ]</ref> [[Kind Turkey Records]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kindturkeyrecords.com/about1/ |title=Kind Turkey Records |publisher=Kind Turkey Records |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> and Art Paul Schlosser Inc. A Dr. Demento<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.themadmusicarchive.com/artist_details.aspx?ArtistID=2883 |title=The Gomers |publisher=Themadmusicarchive.com |date=1986-12-01 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> and weekly live [[karaoke]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.high-noon.com |title=High Noon Saloon |publisher=High-noon.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> favorite is [[The Gomers]],<ref>[http://scenenewspaper.com/cdreviews.html SCENE: CD Reviews]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> who have a Madison Mayoral Proclamation named after them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beeftone.com/gomers-press.html |title=Gomers e-Presskit |publisher=Beeftone.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> They have performed with fellow [[Wisconsin]] residents [[Les Paul]] and [[Steve Miller (musician)|Steve Miller]].<ref>[http://www.wsmamusic.org/foundation/news/achievement_award.html Wisconsin Foundation for School Music : 2004 Lifetime Achievement Award<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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Madison is also home to [[Paul Kowert]] of [[Punch Brothers]], [[Mama Digdown's Brass Band]], [[Johnny Rocker & The High Rollers]], [[Clyde Stubblefield]] of [[Funky Drummer]] fame, and musicians [[Roscoe Mitchell]], [[Richard Davis (double bassist)|Richard Davis]], [[Ben Sidran]], [[Sexy Ester and the Pretty Mama Sisters]], [[Reptile Palace Orchestra]], [[Killdozer (band)|Killdozer]], and [[Polydream]]. |
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====Music festivals==== |
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In the summer Madison hosts many [[Festival|music festivals]], including the Waterfront Festival, the Willy St. Fair, Atwood Summerfest, the Isthmus Jazz Festival, the Orton Park Festival, 94.1 WJJO's Band Camp, Greekfest, the WORT Block Party and the Sugar Maple Traditional Music Festival, and the Madison World Music Festival sponsored by the Wisconsin Union Theater (held at the Memorial Union Terrace and at the Willy St. Fair in September). Past festivals include the Madison Pop Festival and Forward Music Festival (2009-2010.) One of the latest additions is the Fête de Marquette, taking place around [[Bastille Day]] at various east side locations. This new festival celebrates French music, with a focus on Cajun influences. Madison also hosts an annual [[electronic music]] festival, [[Reverence (music festival)|Reverence]], and the Folk Ball, a [[world music]] and [[Folk dance]] festival held annually in January. Madison is home to the [[LBGT]]QA festival, Fruit Fest, celebrating queer culture and [[LGBT]] allies. Madison also plays host to the National Women's Music Festival. <ref name="National Women's Music Festival">[www.wiaonline.org], website.</ref> |
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===Art=== |
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{{See also|List of public art in Madison, Wisconsin}} |
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Museums include the [[UW–Madison]]'s [[Chazen Museum of Art]] (formerly the Elvehjem Museum), the [[Wisconsin Historical Museum]] (run by the [[Wisconsin Historical Society]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/museum/ |title=Wisconsin Historical Museum |publisher=Wisconsinhistory.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> the [[Wisconsin Veterans Museum]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://museum.dva.state.wi.us/ |title=Wisconsin Veterans Museum |publisher=Museum.dva.state.wi.us |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> the [[Madison Children's Museum]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madisonchildrensmuseum.com/index.php |title=Madison Children's Museum |publisher=Madisonchildrensmuseum.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> and the [[Madison Museum of Contemporary Art]]. Madison also has many independent art studios and galleries. It hosts the annual [[Art Fair on the Square]], a juried exhibition, and the complementary [[Art Fair Off the Square]]. |
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===Performing arts=== |
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The [[Madison Opera]], the [[Madison Symphony Orchestra]], Forward Theatre Company, the [[Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra]], and the [[Madison Ballet]] are some of the professional resident companies of the [[Overture Center|Overture Center for the Arts]]. The city is also home to a number of smaller performing arts organizations, including a group of theater companies that present in the Bartell Theatre, a former movie palace renovated into live theater spaces, and [[Opera for the Young]], an opera company that performs for elementary school students across the Midwest. The Wisconsin Union Theater (a 1300-seat theater) is home to seasonal attractions and is the main stage for Four Seasons Theatre, a [[community theater]] company specializing in [[musical theater]], and other groups. The [[Young Shakespeare Players]], a theater group for young people, performs uncut [[Shakespeare]] and [[George Bernard Shaw]] plays. |
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Community-based theater groups include Children's Theatre of Madison, Strollers Theatre, Madison Theatre Guild, the Mercury Players, and the Broom Street Theater (which is not on Broom Street). |
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Madison offers one [[comedy club]], the Comedy Club on State, and has other options for more alternative humor, featuring several improv groups, such as [[Atlas Improv Co.]], [[Monkey Business Institute]], as well as sketch comedy groups The Public Drunkards and The Rabid Badger Theatre Company. [[The WiSUC Project]] hosts the annual "Funniest Comic in Madison" contest at the High Noon Saloon. |
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Madison has one of the world's major entertainment industry archives at the [[Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research]], part of the [[Wisconsin Historical Society]].<ref>Directors Guild of America, [http://www.dga.org/Craft/VisualHistory/Resources.aspx Visual History Resources]. Retrieved December 3, 2012.</ref> |
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===Films=== |
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Several films have been made in Madison. One of the most noted was the documentary ''[[The War at Home (1979 film)|The War at Home]]'', which chronicled the anti-[[Vietnam War]] movement in Madison. Another that made extensive use of the city as a backdrop was the 1986 comedy ''[[Back to School]]'', starring [[Rodney Dangerfield]]. The 2006 film ''[[The Last Kiss (2006 film)|The Last Kiss]]'' used Madison and the university as a back-drop. In 2008, scenes were shot at the state capitol and surrounding area for use in the 2009 film ''[[Public Enemies (2009 film)|Public Enemies]]'', featuring [[Christian Bale]] and [[Johnny Depp]]. |
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* ''[[Stroszek]]'' (1977) |
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* ''[[The War at Home (1979 film)|The War at Home]]'' (1979) |
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* ''[[Back to School]]'' (1986) |
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* ''[[I Love Trouble (1994 film)|I Love Trouble]]'' (1994) |
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* [[Chain Reaction (film)|''Chain Reaction'']] (1996) |
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* [[The Big One (film)|''The Big One'']] (1997) |
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* [[The Deep End of the Ocean (film)|''The Deep End of the Ocean'']] (1999) |
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* [[Side Effects (2005 film)|''Side Effects'']] (2005) |
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* ''[[The Last Kiss (2006 film)|The Last Kiss]]'' (2006) |
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* ''[[Barefoot to Jerusalem]]'' (2008) |
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* ''Madison'' (2008) |
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* [[Public Enemies (2009 film)|''Public Enemies'']] (2009) |
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===Architecture=== |
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[[Image:Capitol Madison, WI.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Wisconsin State Capitol]] |
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The [[Wisconsin State Capitol]] dome, closely based on the dome of the [[United States Capitol|U.S. Capitol]], is the jewel of the Madison skyline, and is visible throughout the Madison area because of its position on the high point of the isthmus. A state law limits building heights within one mile (1.6 km) of the structure.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=http://www.legis.state.wi.us/acts89-93/89Act222.pdf#search=%22site%3Awi.us%2016.842%22 |
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|title=1989 Wisconsin Act 222 |
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|publisher=[[State of Wisconsin]] |
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|date=April 12, 1990 |
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|accessdate=2006-10-03}}</ref> The Wisconsin capitol's dome is the second tallest in the nation, after that of the capitol in Washington D.C.<ref>Christian A. Holst, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=_0pDAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Wisconsin+capitol:+official+guide+and+history&hl=en&ei=l9OpTpCbI-Lq0gGDpfiyDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false The Wisconsin Capitol: Official Guide and History]''. 2nd ed. Madison, WI: Author, 1919, p. 23.</ref> Because of its location in the urban core, Capitol Square is well integrated with everyday pedestrian traffic and commerce, and the spoke streets—especially State Street and E. Washington—offer dramatic views of the capitol. |
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Architect [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] spent much of his childhood in Madison and studied briefly at the University, and is responsible for several Madison buildings. [[Monona Terrace]], a meeting and convention center overlooking Lake Monona, designed by Taliesin Architect Anthony Puttnam, was based loosely on a 1938 Wright design. Wright designed the seminal [[Usonia|Usonian House]], which is located here. Another key Wright building, the [[First Unitarian Society of Madison|Unitarian Meeting House]], is in the adjacent suburb of [[Shorewood Hills, Wisconsin|Shorewood Hills]]. The [[Harold C. Bradley House]] in the University Heights neighborhood, designed collaboratively by [[Louis Sullivan|Louis H. Sullivan]] and [[George Grant Elmslie]] in 1908–1910, now serves as the Sigma Phi Fraternity. |
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[[Image:Harold-c-bradley-house.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Harold C. Bradley House]] |
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[[Overture Center|The Overture Center for the Arts]], designed by [[Argentina]]-born architect [[César Pelli]], stands on State Street near the capitol. Since opening in 2004, the center has presented shows and concerts in its Overture Hall, Capitol Theater and The Playhouse. The center houses the [[Madison Museum of Contemporary Art]]. Its style, unlike Pelli's [[Petronas Towers]], leans toward sleek [[modernism]], with simple expanses of glass framed by stone that are intended to complement the historic building facades preserved as part of the building's State Street exposure. |
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Many of the over 175 Madison buildings designed by the architectural firm of [[Claude and Starck]] are still standing, including [[Breese Stevens Field]], Doty School (now converted to condominiums), and many private residences.<ref>"[http://www.madisonmagazine.com/article.php?story_id=152147&xstate=view_story Behold…The Genius Of Claude And Starck]", ''Madison Magazine''.</ref> |
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The UW–Madison campus includes many buildings designed or supervised by architects [[J. T. W. Jennings]], including the Dairy Barn and Agricultural Hall, and by [[Arthur Peabody]], including the Memorial Union and the Carillon Tower. The density of the campus has grown to include 8- to 10-story [[high-rise]]s including dormitories, research facilities, and classrooms. Several campus buildings erected in the 1960s exhibit [[brutalist architecture]], which is now unpopular. In 2005 the University of Wisconsin embarked on a major redevelopment initiative that will transform the east end of its campus. The plan calls for the razing of a nearly a dozen 1950s to 1970s vintage buildings and the construction of new dormitories, administration, and classroom buildings, as well as the development of a new pedestrian mall extending to Lake Mendota. |
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===Nicknames=== |
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Over the years, Madison has acquired nicknames and slogans that include: |
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* Mad City<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.suntimes.com/lifestyles/travel/midwest/1229514,TRA-News-illini19.article | work=Chicago Sun-Times | title=Mad City offers more than football | first=Brian E. | last=Clark | date=2008-10-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/1993/12/05/sports/college-basketball-93-94-mad-mad-mad-city-wisconsin-is-reborn.html?pagewanted=1 | work=The New York Times | title=COLLEGE BASKETBALL '93–'94; Mad, Mad, Mad City: Wisconsin Is Reborn | date=1993-12-05 | accessdate=2010-05-12}}</ref> |
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* Madtown<ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jy8gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_hIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3044,433017&dq=madtown+madison+wisconsin&hl=en</ref><ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2EscAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_i0EAAAAIBAJ&pg=2037,2769475&dq=madtown+madison+wisconsin&hl=en</ref> |
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* The [[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]] of the Midwest<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wkowtv.com/Global/story.asp?S=11826746 |title=Madison named one of the most gay-friendly cities in America - WKOW 27: Madison, WI Breaking News, Weather and Sports |publisher=Wkowtv.com |date=2010-01-14 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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* 78 square miles surrounded by reality<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dane101.com/current/2007/03/27/madison_mentions_the_newspaper_report_weekending_3_26_2007 |title=Madison Mentions: The Newspaper Report Weekending |work=Dane101 |date=March 27, 2007 }}</ref> |
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* The Athens of the Midwest<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/books/02moore.html | work=The New York Times | title=Hate, Love, Chores: Lorrie Moore's Midwest Chronicle | first=Motoko | last=Rich | date=2009-09-02 | accessdate=2010-05-12}}</ref> |
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* The People's Republic of Madison<ref>{{cite web|author=Al Smith |url=http://www.jsonline.com/news/opinion/32540994.html |title=A visionary among the blind |publisher=JSOnline |date=2008-09-12 |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref><ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nuIqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Vo4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6450,6725636&dq=people%27s-republic&hl=en</ref> |
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* Four Lakes City<ref>http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ySwaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8SQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2688,177953&dq=madison+four-lakes-city&hl=en</ref> |
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* Lake City |
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==Crime== |
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In 2008, ''Men's Health'' magazine ranked Madison as the "Least Armed and Dangerous" city in the United States in an article about "Where Men Are Targets".<ref>[http://www.menshealth.com/metrograde...s/targets.html ]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> Between 2004 and 2007, 17 murders were reported.<ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/2007prelim/table4ok_wi.htm FBI Crime stats, 2007 prelim].</ref><ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_08_wi.html FBI Crime stats, 2005 – Table 8 WI].</ref><ref>[http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_04/offenses_reported/offense_tabulations/table_08.html#wi FBI Crime stats, 2004 – Table 8 WI].</ref> In 2008, Madison Police reported 10 homicides <ref>http://www.cityofmadison.com/police/crimestats/documents/homArrests2008.pdf</ref> |
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==Sports== |
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[[Image:Kohl Center hockey.jpg|thumb|250px|Men's ice hockey game in the Kohl Center]] |
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Madison's reputation as a sports city exists largely because of the University of Wisconsin. In 2004 ''Sports Illustrated on Campus'' named Madison the #1 college sports town in the nation.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2003/sioncampus/09/10/top_ten0916/index.html | work=CNN | accessdate=2010-05-12 | title=Best College Sports Towns}}</ref> [[Scott Van Pelt]] also proclaimed Madison the best college sports town in America.<ref>[http://espn-mp3-od.andomedia.com/espnpod2/espnradio/insider/patrick/patrick_07122007_1.mp3 ]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> |
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The [[UW–Madison]] teams play their home-field sporting events in venues in and around Madison. The football team plays at [[Camp Randall Stadium]]. In 2005 a renovation was completed that added 72 luxury suites and increased the stadium's capacity to 80,321, although crowds of as many as 83,000 have attended games. The basketball and hockey teams play at the [[Kohl Center]]. Construction on the $76 million arena was completed in 1997. In 2006, the men's and women's Badger hockey teams won NCAA Division I championships, and the women repeated with a second consecutive national championship in 2007.<ref>[http://uwbadgers.com/sport_news/whky/headlines/headlines.html?sportid=138 University of Wisconsin Badger Hockey]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> Some events are played at the county-owned [[Alliant Energy Center]] (formerly Dane County Memorial Coliseum) and the University-owned [[Wisconsin Field House]]. |
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Despite Madison's strong support for college sports, it has proven to be an inhospitable home for professional baseball. The [[Madison Muskies]], a Class A, [[Midwest League]] affiliate of the [[Oakland A's]], left town in 1993 after 11 seasons. The [[Madison Hatters]], another Class A, Midwest League team, played in Madison for only the 1994 season. The [[Madison Black Wolf]], an independent [[Northern League (baseball, 1993–2010)|Northern League]] franchise lasted five seasons (1996–2000), before decamping for [[Lincoln, Nebraska]]. Madison is currently home to the [[Madison Mallards]], a college wood-bat summer [[baseball]] league team in the [[Northwoods League]]. They play in [[Warner Park]] on the city's north side from June to August. |
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The now defunct Indoor Football League's [[Madison Mad Dogs]] were once located in the city. In 2009 indoor football returned to Madison as the [[Continental Indoor Football League]]'s [[Wisconsin Wolfpack]], who call the Alliant Energy Center home. |
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Madison is home to the [[Madison Mustangs]], a semi-pro football team that is part of the Ironman Football League. Games are typically played on Saturday during the summer months, with the home field being Middleton High School. The Mustangs have the nation's longest active winning streak at 49 games, and have won 4 straight Ironman Football League championships.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} |
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The [[Wisconsin Wolves]] is a women's semi-pro football team based in Madison that plays in the IWFL [[Independent Women's Football League]]. The Wolves home field is located at Middleton High School. |
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The Blackhawk Ski Club, formed in 1947, provides ski jumping, cross country skiing and alpine skiing. The club's programs have produced several Olympic ski jumpers, two Olympic ski jumping coaches and one Olympic ski jumping director. The club had the first Nordic ski facility with lighted night jumping.{{citation needed|date=May 2012}} |
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The [[Madison 56ers]] is a Madison amateur soccer team in the [[National Premier Soccer League]]. They play in [[Breese Stevens Field]] on East Washington Avenue.<ref>[http://madison56ers.org/PSC56/ Princeton-56ers]{{dead link|date=November 2011}}</ref> |
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Madison is home to the Wisconsin Rugby Club, the 1998 USA Rugby Division II National Champions, and the [[Wisconsin Women's Rugby Football Club]], the state's only Division I women's rugby team. The city also has men's and women's rugby clubs at UW–Madison, in addition to four high school boy's teams and one high school girl's team. The most recent addition to the Madison rugby community, [[Madison Minotaurs Rugby Club]], is composed largely of gay players and is Wisconsin's first and only [[IGRAB]] team, but is open to any player with any experience level. All ten teams play within the Wisconsin Rugby Football Union, the Midwest Rugby Union and USA Rugby. |
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Nearly 100 women participate in the adult women's ice hockey teams based in Madison (Thunder, Lightning, Freeze, UW–B and C teams), which play in the Women's Central Hockey League. The Madison Gay Hockey Association is also in Madison. |
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Madison also has a [[hurling]] team, organized as The Hurling Club of Madison. |
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The All-Girl Roller Derby League, [[Mad Rollin' Dolls]], was formed in Madison in 2004 and is a member of the [[Women's Flat Track Derby Association]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madrollindolls.com/ |title=Mad Rollin' Dolls |publisher=Madrollindolls.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-14}}</ref> |
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Madison is home to several endurance sports racing events, such as the [[Crazylegs Classic]], Paddle and Portage, the [[Mad City Marathon]], and [[Ironman triathlon|Ironman]] Wisconsin, which attracts over 45,000 spectators.<ref>http://ironmanwisconsin.com/</ref> |
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===Current teams=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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!scope="col" | Club |
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!scope="col" | League |
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!scope="col" | Sport |
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!scope="col" | Venue |
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!scope="col" | Established |
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!scope="col" | Championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Madison Mustangs]] |
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|IFL |
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|[[American football]] |
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|[[Middleton High School (Middleton, Wisconsin)|Brentbach Stadium]] |
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|1997 |
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|4 consecutive Ironbowls |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Madison Mallards]] |
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|[[Northwoods League|NL]] |
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|[[Baseball]] |
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|[[Warner Park]] |
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|2001 |
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|1 championship |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Madison 56ers]] |
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|[[National Premier Soccer League|NPSL]] |
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|[[Soccer]] |
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|[[Breese Stevens Field]] |
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|2005 |
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|0 championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Wisconsin Rugby Club]] |
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|[[Wisconsin Rugby Football Union|WRFU]] |
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|[[Rugby football|Rugby]] |
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|Wisconsin Rugby Club Sports Complex |
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|1962 |
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|1 championship |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Madison Minotaurs Rugby Club|Madison Minotaurs]] |
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|[[Wisconsin Rugby Football Union|WRFU]] |
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|[[Rugby football|Rugby]] |
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|Yahara Rugby Field |
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|2007 |
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|0 Bingham Cups |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Wisconsin Badgers]] |
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|[[Big Ten]], [[NCAA]] Div.1 |
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|23 Varsity Teams |
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|[[Camp Randall Stadium]], [[Kohl Center]] |
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|1849 |
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|27 championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Edgewood College|Edgewood Eagles]] |
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|[[Northern Athletics Conference|NAC]], [[NCAA]] Div.3 |
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|16 varsity teams |
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|[[Edgewood College|Edgedome]] |
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|1974 |
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|35 championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Madison Area Technical College|Madison College Wolfpack]] |
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|[[N4C]], [[NJCAA]] Div.3 |
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|8 varsity teams |
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|[[Madison Area Technical College|Redsten Gymnasium]], [[Madison Area Technical College|Roberts Field]] |
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|1912 |
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|21 championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | [[Mad Rollin' Dolls]] |
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|[[Women's Flat Track Derby Association|WFTDA]] |
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|[[Roller derby]] |
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|[[Alliant Energy Center]] |
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|2005 |
|||
|0 championships |
|||
|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | Madison Blues |
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|[[Great Lakes Hockey League|GLHL]] |
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|[[Hockey]] |
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|Capitol Ice Arena |
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|2010 |
|||
|0 championships |
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|- |
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!scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: left;" | Hurling Club of Madison |
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|[[North American Gaelic Athletic Association|NAGAA]] |
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|[[Hurling]] |
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|Madison Memorial High School & Madison Rugy Club Fields |
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|2007 |
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|0 championships |
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|} |
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==Points of interest== |
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[[Image:Monona Terrace (lake view).jpg|thumb|Monona Terrace, as seen from Lake Monona]] |
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[[Image:Thai pavilion.jpg|right|thumb|upright|The Thai pavilion at Olbrich Botanical Gardens]] |
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[[Image:Gates of Heaven Synagogue 2012.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Gates of Heaven Synagogue (1863) at James Madison Park]] |
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[[Image:Madisonskyline.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Skyline of Madison from Picnic Point]] |
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* [[Alliant Energy Center]] The Veteran's Memorial Coliseum and Exhibition Hall |
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* [[Camp Randall Stadium]] |
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* [[Chazen Museum of Art]] |
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* [[Henry Vilas Zoo]] |
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* The [[Kohl Center]] |
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* Mifflin Street, home to the annual [[Mifflin Street Block Party]] |
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* [[Monona Terrace]] Community and Convention Center |
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* [[Memorial Union (Wisconsin)|Memorial Union]] |
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* [[Olbrich Botanical Gardens]] |
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* [[Overture Center|Overture Center for the Arts]] |
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* [[Gates of Heaven Synagogue|Gates of Heaven]], the [[Oldest synagogues in the United States|eighth-oldest]] surviving synagogue building in the U.S. |
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* [[State Street (Madison)|State Street]] |
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* [[First Unitarian Society of Madison|Unitarian Meeting House]] designed by [[Frank Lloyd Wright]] |
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* [[University of Wisconsin–Madison]] |
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* [[University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum]] |
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* [[University of Wisconsin Field House]] |
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* [[UW–Madison Geology Museum]] |
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* [[Wisconsin Historical Society]] |
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* [[Wisconsin State Capitol]] |
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* Picnic Point, scenic hiking and picnic area by the campus |
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==Sister cities== |
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* [[Image:Flag of East Timor.svg|20px]] [[Ainaro]] in [[East Timor]], since 2001 |
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* [[Image:Flag of El Salvador.svg|20px]] [[Arcatao]] in [[El Salvador]] |
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* [[Image:Flag of Peru.svg|20px]] [[Cusco|Cuzco]] in [[Peru]] |
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* [[Image:Flag of Cuba.svg|20px]] [[Camagüey]] in [[Cuba]], since 1988 |
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* [[Image:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] [[Freiburg im Breisgau]] in [[Germany]], since 1986 |
|||
* [[Image:Flag of Nicaragua.svg|20px]] [[Managua]] in [[Nicaragua]], since 1987 |
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* [[Image:Flag of Italy.svg|20px]] [[Mantua]] in [[Italy]], since 2001 |
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* [[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|20px]] [[Obihiro]] in [[Japan]], since 2006 |
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* [[Image:Flag of Brazil.svg|20px]] [[Goiânia]] in [[Brazil]], since 1983 |
|||
* [[Image:Flag of Lithuania.svg|20px]] [[Vilnius]] in [[Lithuania]], since 1989 |
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* [[Image:Flag of Mexico.svg|20px]] [[Tepatitlan de Morelos]] in [[Mexico]] |
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Former sister cities include: |
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* [[Image:Flag of Vietnam.svg|20px]] [[Bac Giang]] in [[Vietnam]] |
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* [[Image:Flag of Norway.svg|20px]] [[Oslo]] in [[Norway]] |
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==Notable Madisonians== |
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{{Further|List of people associated with Madison, Wisconsin}} |
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==See also== |
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{{portal|Geography|North America|United States|Wisconsin}} |
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*[[Madison Fire Department]] |
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*[[Madison Police Department (Wisconsin)|Madison Police Department]] |
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*[[List of tallest buildings in Madison]] |
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{{clear}} |
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==References== |
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===Notes=== |
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{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}} |
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===Bibliography=== |
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{{Refbegin}} |
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* Bates, Tom, ''Rads: The 1970 Bombing of the Army Math Research Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Its Aftermath'' (1993) ISBN 0-06-092428-4 |
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* [[David Maraniss|Maraniss, David]], ''They Marched Into Sunlight: War and Peace Vietnam and America October 1967'' (2003) ISBN 0-7432-1780-2 ISBN 0-7432-6104-6 (about the Dow Chemical protest, and a battle in Vietnam that occurred on the previous day) |
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* Mollenhoff, David V., ''Madison : A History of the Formative Years'' (1982, revised 2003) ISBN 0-8403-2728-5 ISBN 0-299-19980-0 |
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{{Refend}} |
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==External links== |
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{{sister project links}} |
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{{NSRW Poster|Madison (Wisconsin)|Madison, Wisconsin}} |
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* [http://madisonjapan.web.fc2.com Madison Japan Association HP] - MJA Madison Japan Association |
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* [http://www.cityofmadison.com/ City of Madison website] |
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*[http://www.visitmadison.com/ Greater Madison Convention & Visitors Bureau] |
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*[http://madsion.vi/ Local Madison Videos] |
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* [http://limnology.wisc.edu/lake_information/mendota_&_other_Y.html Lake Mendota and the other Yahara River lakes] |
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* The [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI State of Wisconsin Collection] presented by the [http://uwdc.library.wisc.edu UW Digital Collections Center] includes digital resources on Madison, including: |
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** [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.SOM ''The Story of Madison''], by [[Reuben Gold Thwaites]] |
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** [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/History.NolenMadsn ''Madison: a Model City''], by John Nolen |
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** [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.MadDane ''Madison, Dane County and Surrounding Towns; Being a History and Guide to Places of Scenic Beauty and Historical Note...(1877)''] |
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** [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.DurrieHist ''A History of Madison, the Capital of Wisconsin; Including the Four Lake Country (1874)''] by Daniel S. Durrie |
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** [http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/WI.MadisonLocHist Historical County Plat Maps from South Central Wisconsin and Early Madison City Directories] |
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{{Madison}} |
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[[Category:Cities in Wisconsin]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Dane County, Wisconsin]] |
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[[Category:County seats in Wisconsin]] |
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Revision as of 21:44, 26 January 2013
It has been suggested that Madison Fire Department be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2012. |
It has been suggested that Madison Police Department be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since December 2012. |
Madison, Wisconsin | |
---|---|
City and State Capital | |
City of Madison | |
Country | United States |
U.S. State | Wisconsin |
Municipality | City |
Platted | October 9, 1839[1] |
Incorporated | 1848 |
Government | |
• Mayor | Paul Soglin (D) |
Area | |
• City and State Capital | 94.03 sq mi (243.54 km2) |
• Land | 76.79 sq mi (198.89 km2) |
• Water | 17.24 sq mi (44.65 km2) |
Population | |
• City and State Capital | 233,209 |
• Estimate (2011[4]) | 236,901 |
• Density | 3,037.0/sq mi (1,172.6/km2) |
• Urban | 329,5331 |
• Metro | 568,593 |
• Demonym | Madisonian |
Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
Area code | 608 |
Website | www.cityofmadison.com |
1 Urban = 2000 Census |
Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. As of July 1, 2011, Madison had an estimated population of 236,901,Template:GR making it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee, and the 81st largest in the United States. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Dane County and neighboring Iowa and Columbia counties. The Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area had a 2010 population of 568,593.
History
Madison's origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge James Duane Doty purchased over a thousand acres (4 km²) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. When the Wisconsin Territory was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in Belmont, Wisconsin. One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering buffalo robes to the freezing legislators and promising choice Madison lots at discount prices to undecided voters {{citation}}
: Empty citation (help). He had James Slaughter plat two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day Middleton. Doty named the city Madison for James Madison, the fourth President of the U.S. who had died on June 28, 1836 and he named the streets for the other 39 signers of the U.S. Constitution.[5] Although the city existed only on paper, the territorial legislature voted on November 28 in favor of Madison as its capital, largely because of its location halfway between the new and growing cities around Milwaukee in the east and the long established strategic post of Prairie du Chien in the west, and between the highly populated lead mining regions in the southwest and Wisconsin's oldest city, Green Bay in the northeast. Being named for the much-admired founding father James Madison, who had just died, and having streets named for each of the 39 signers of the Constitution, may have also helped attract votes.[6]
Creation and expansion
The cornerstone for the Wisconsin capitol was laid in 1837, and the legislature first met there in 1838. On October 9, 1839, Kintzing Prichett registered the plat of Madison at the registrar's office of the then-territorial Dane County.[1] Madison was incorporated as a village in 1846, with a population of 626. When Wisconsin became a state in 1848, Madison remained the capital, and the following year it became the site of the University of Wisconsin (now University of Wisconsin–Madison). The Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad (a predecessor of the Milwaukee Road) connected to Madison in 1854. Madison incorporated as a city in 1856, with a population of 6,863, leaving the unincorporated remainder as a separate Town of Madison.[7] The original capitol was replaced in 1863 and the second capitol burned in 1904. The current capitol was built between 1906 and 1917.[8]
During the Civil War, Madison served as a center of the Union Army in Wisconsin. The intersection of Milwaukee, East Washington, Winnebago and North Streets is known as Union Corners, because a tavern located there was the last stop for Union soldiers before heading to fight the Confederates. Camp Randall, on the west side of Madison, was built and used as a training camp, a military hospital, and a prison camp for captured Confederate soldiers. After the war ended, the Camp Randall site was absorbed into the University of Wisconsin and Camp Randall Stadium was built there in 1917. In 2004 the last vestige of active military training on the site was removed when the stadium renovation replaced a firing range used for ROTC training.
The City of Madison continued annexations from the Town of Madison almost from the date of the city's incorporation, leaving the latter a collection of discontinuous areas subject to annexation. In the wake of continued controversy and an effort in the state legislature to simply abolish the town, an agreement was reached in 2003 to provide for the incorporation of the remaining portions of the Town into the City of Madison and the City of Fitchburg by October 30, 2022.[9]
Geography and climate
Madison is located in the center of Dane County in south-central Wisconsin, 77 miles (124 km) west of Milwaukee and 122 miles (196 km) northwest of Chicago. The city completely surrounds the smaller Town of Madison, the City of Monona, and the villages of Maple Bluff and Shorewood Hills. Madison shares borders with its largest suburb, Sun Prairie, and three other communities, Middleton, McFarland and Fitchburg. The city's boundaries also approach the villages of Verona, Cottage Grove, DeForest, and Waunakee.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 94.03 square miles (243.54 km2), of which, 76.79 square miles (198.89 km2) is land and 17.24 square miles (44.65 km2) is water.[2]
The city is sometimes described as The City of Four Lakes, comprising the four successive lakes of the Yahara River: Lake Mendota ("Fourth Lake"), Lake Monona ("Third Lake"), Lake Waubesa ("Second Lake") and Lake Kegonsa ("First Lake"),[10] although Waubesa and Kegonsa are not actually in Madison, but just south of it. A fifth smaller lake, Lake Wingra, is within the city as well; it is connected to the Yahara River chain by Wingra Creek. The Yahara flows into the Rock River, which in turn, flows into the Mississippi River. Downtown Madison is located on an isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona. The city's trademark of "Lake, City, Lake" reflects this geography.
Local identity varies throughout Madison, with over 120 officially recognized neighborhood associations.[11] Neighborhoods on and near the eastern part of the isthmus, some of the city's oldest, have the strongest sense of identity and are the most politically liberal.[citation needed] Historically, the north, east, and south sides were blue collar while the west side was white collar, and to a certain extent this remains true. Students dominate on the University of Wisconsin campus and to the east into downtown, while to its south and in Shorewood Hills on its west, faculty have been a major presence since those neighborhoods were originally developed. The turning point in Madison's development was the university's 1954 decision to develop its experimental farm on the western edge of town; since then, the city has grown substantially along suburban lines.
Madison, along with the rest of the state, has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb/Dfa), characterized by variable weather patterns and a large seasonal temperature variance: winter temperatures can be well below freezing, with moderate to occasionally heavy snowfall; high temperatures in summer average in the lower 80s °F (27–28 °C), reaching 90 °F (32.2 °C) on an average 12 days per year,[12] often accompanied by high humidity levels. The warmer months usually see greater precipitation.
Climate data for Madison, Wisconsin (KMSN), 1981-2010 normals | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 56 (13) |
64 (18) |
82 (28) |
94 (34) |
101 (38) |
101 (38) |
107 (42) |
102 (39) |
99 (37) |
90 (32) |
77 (25) |
64 (18) |
107 (42) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 27.2 (−2.7) |
31.9 (−0.1) |
43.9 (6.6) |
58.0 (14.4) |
69.1 (20.6) |
78.7 (25.9) |
82.3 (27.9) |
80.1 (26.7) |
72.5 (22.5) |
59.7 (15.4) |
44.9 (7.2) |
31.0 (−0.6) |
56.6 (13.7) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 11.0 (−11.7) |
15.0 (−9.4) |
24.7 (−4.1) |
35.7 (2.1) |
46.0 (7.8) |
56.0 (13.3) |
60.8 (16.0) |
58.8 (14.9) |
50.1 (10.1) |
38.7 (3.7) |
28.1 (−2.2) |
15.8 (−9.0) |
36.7 (2.6) |
Record low °F (°C) | −37 (−38) |
−29 (−34) |
−29 (−34) |
0 (−18) |
19 (−7) |
31 (−1) |
36 (2) |
35 (2) |
25 (−4) |
13 (−11) |
−11 (−24) |
−25 (−32) |
−38 (−39) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.23 (31) |
1.45 (37) |
2.19 (56) |
3.40 (86) |
3.55 (90) |
4.54 (115) |
4.18 (106) |
4.22 (107) |
3.13 (80) |
2.40 (61) |
2.39 (61) |
1.75 (44) |
34.42 (874) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 13.2 (34) |
10.9 (28) |
6.9 (18) |
2.6 (6.6) |
0.2 (0.51) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.5 (1.3) |
3.5 (8.9) |
13.5 (34) |
51.2 (130) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.2 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.8 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 124.7 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 10.0 | 8.0 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 8.6 | 39 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 142.6 | 152.6 | 186.0 | 207.0 | 263.5 | 294.0 | 303.8 | 269.7 | 213.0 | 173.6 | 111.0 | 108.5 | 2,425.3 |
Source 1: NOAA [13] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: The Weather Channel (records),[14] HKO (sun)[15] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1840 | 172 | — | |
1850 | 1,525 | 786.6% | |
1860 | 6,611 | 333.5% | |
1870 | 9,176 | 38.8% | |
1880 | 10,324 | 12.5% | |
1890 | 13,426 | 30.0% | |
1900 | 19,164 | 42.7% | |
1910 | 25,531 | 33.2% | |
1920 | 38,378 | 50.3% | |
1930 | 57,899 | 50.9% | |
1940 | 67,447 | 16.5% | |
1950 | 96,056 | 42.4% | |
1960 | 126,706 | 31.9% | |
1970 | 171,809 | 35.6% | |
1980 | 170,616 | −0.7% | |
1990 | 191,262 | 12.1% | |
2000 | 208,903 | 9.2% | |
2010 | 233,209 | 11.6% | |
2011 (est.) | 236,901 | 1.6% | |
Source: U.S. Census[16] |
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $41,941, and the median income for a family was $59,840. Males had a median income of $36,718 versus $30,551 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,498. About 5.8% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.4% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.
2010 census
As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 233,209 people, 102,516 households, and 47,824 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,037.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,172.6/km2). There were 108,843 housing units at an average density of 1,417.4 per square mile (547.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 78.9% White, 7.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 7.4% Asian, 2.9% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.8% of the population.
There were 102,516 households out of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.3% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.87.
The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 17.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 19.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 31.4% were from 25 to 44; 21.9% were from 45 to 64; and 9.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female.
Combined Statistical Area
Madison is the larger principal city of the Madison-Baraboo CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes the Madison metropolitan area (Columbia, Dane and Iowa counties) and the Baraboo micropolitan area (Sauk County),[17][18][19] which had a combined population of 630,569[20] at the 2010 census.Template:GR
Government
Madison has a mayor-council system of government. Madison's city council, known as the Common Council, consists of 20 members, one from each district. The mayor is elected in a citywide vote.
Madison is represented by Mark Pocan (D) in the United States House of Representatives, and by Ron Johnson (R) and Tammy Baldwin (D) in the United States Senate. Mark F. Miller (D) and Fred Risser (D) represent Madison in the Wisconsin State Senate, and Robb Kahl (D), Melissa Sargent (D), Chris Taylor (D), Terese Berceau (D), and Brett Hulsey (D) represent Madison in the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Politics
City voters have supported the Democratic Party in national elections in the last half-century, and a liberal and progressive majority is generally elected to the city council. Detractors often refer to Madison as The People's Republic of Madison, the "Left Coast of Wisconsin" or as "78 square miles surrounded by reality." This latter phrase was coined by former Wisconsin Republican governor Lee S. Dreyfus, while campaigning in 1978, as recounted by campaign aide Bill Kraus.[21]
The city's voters are generally much more liberal than voters in the rest of Wisconsin. For example, 76% of Madison voters voted against a 2006 state constitutional amendment to ban gay marriage,[22] even though the ban passed statewide with 59% of the vote.[23]
Current politics
Madison city politics remain dominated by activists of liberal and progressive ideologies. In 1992, a local third party, Progressive Dane, was founded. Recently enacted city policies supported in the Progressive Dane platform have included an inclusionary zoning ordinance, later abandoned by the mayor and a majority of the city council, and a city minimum wage. The party holds several seats on the Madison City Council and Dane County Board of Supervisors, and is aligned variously with the Democratic and Green parties.
In early 2011, Madison was the site for large protests against a bill proposed by Governor Scott Walker that removed collective bargaining rights for public worker unions. The protests at the capitol ranged in size from 10,000 to over 100,000 people and lasted for several months.
Historical politics
In the 1960s and 1970s, the Madison counterculture was centered in the neighborhood of Mifflin and Bassett streets, referred to as "Miffland". The area contained many three-story apartments where students and counterculture youth lived, painted murals, and operated the co-operative grocery store, the Mifflin Street Co-op. Residents of the neighborhood often came into conflict with authorities, particularly during the administration of Republican mayor Bill Dyke. Dyke was viewed by students as a direct antagonist in efforts to protest the Vietnam War because of his efforts to suppress local protests. The annual Mifflin Street Block Party became a focal point for protest, although by the late 1970s it had become a mainstream community party.
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, thousands of students and other citizens took part in anti-Vietnam War marches and demonstrations, with more violent incidents drawing national attention to the city and UW campus. These include:
- the 1967 student protest of Dow Chemical Company, with 74 injured;
- the 1969 strike to secure greater representation and rights for African-American students and faculty, which necessitated the involvement of the Wisconsin Army National Guard;
- the 1970 fire that caused damage to the Army ROTC headquarters housed in the Old Red Gym, also known as the Armory; and
- the 1970 late summer predawn ANFO bombing of the Army Mathematics Research Center in Sterling Hall, killing a postdoctoral student, Robert Fassnacht. (See Sterling Hall bombing)
These protests were the subject of the documentary The War at Home.[24] David Maraniss's book, They Marched into Sunlight, incorporated the 1967 Dow protests into a larger Vietnam War narrative. Tom Bates wrote the book Rads on the subject (ISBN 0-06-092428-4). Bates wrote that Dyke's attempt to suppress the annual Mifflin Street block party "would take three days, require hundreds of officers on overtime pay, and engulf the student community from the nearby Southeast Dorms to Langdon Street's fraternity row. Tear gas hung like heavy fog across the Isthmus." In the fracas, student activist Paul Soglin, then a city alderman, was arrested twice and taken to jail. Soglin was later elected mayor of Madison, serving from 1973 to 1979, 1989 to 1997, and is the current mayor, elected again in April, 2011. During his middle term he led the construction of the Frank Lloyd Wright designed Monona Terrace.
Political groups and publications
Madison is home to the Freedom from Religion Foundation, which attempts to influence government in matters relating to the separation of church and state. The largest national organization advocating for non-theists, FFRF is known for its lawsuits against religious displays on public property, and for advocating removal of "In God We Trust" from American currency. The group publishes a monthly newspaper, Freethought Today.
Madison is associated with "Fighting Bob" La Follette and the Progressive movement. La Follette's magazine, The Progressive, founded in 1909, is still published in Madison.
Religion
Madison is the episcopal see for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison.[25] Saint Raphael's Cathedral, damaged by arson in 2005 and demolished in 2008, was the mother church of the diocese.
The USA's third largest congregation of Unitarian Universalists,[26] the First Unitarian Society of Madison, makes its home in the historic Unitarian Meeting House, designed by one of its members, Frank Lloyd Wright.
InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA has its headquarter in Madison. The city also has a Buddhist temple, a Hindu temple, three mosques and several synagogues, a Bahá'í community center, an LDS stake, and a Unity Church congregation.
Economy
Wisconsin state government and the University of Wisconsin–Madison remain the two largest Madison employers. However, Madison's economy today is evolving from a government-based economy to a consumer services and high-tech base, particularly in the health, biotech and advertising sectors.[citation needed] Beginning in the early 1990s, the city experienced a steady economic boom and has been less affected by recession than other areas of the state. Much of the expansion has occurred on the city's south and west sides, but it has also affected the east side near the Interstate 39-90-94 interchange and along the northern shore of Lake Mendota. Underpinning the boom is the development of high-tech companies, many fostered by UW–Madison working with local businesses and entrepreneurs to transfer the results of academic research into real-world applications, especially bio-tech applications.
Many businesses are attracted to Madison's skill base, taking advantage of the area's high level of education. 48.2% of Madison's population over the age of 25 holds at least a bachelor's degree.[27] Forbes magazine reported in 2004 that Madison has the highest percentage of individuals holding Ph.D.s in the United States. In 2006, the same magazine listed Madison as number 31 in the top 200 metro areas for "Best Places for Business and Careers."[28] Madison has also been named in Forbes ten Best Cities several times within the past decade.[citation needed] In 2009, in the midst of the late-2000s recession, Madison had an unemployment rate of 3.5% and was ranked number one in a list of "ten cities for job growth".[29]
Business
The largest employer in Madison is the Wisconsin state government, excluding employees of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics employees, although both groups of workers are state employees.[30]
The University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics is an important regional teaching hospital and regional trauma center, with strengths in transplant medicine, oncology, digestive disorders, and endocrinology.[31] Other Madison hospitals include St. Mary's Hospital,[32] Meriter Hospital, and the VA Medical Center.
Madison is home to companies such as Spectrum Brands (formerly Rayovac), Alliant Energy, American Family Insurance, American Girl (a subsidiary of Mattel), the Credit Union National Association and its CUNA Mutual Group, Dean Health Systems, Madison-Kipp Corporation, Pacific Cycle, Schoeps Ice Cream, and Sub-Zero & Wolf Appliance. Technology companies in the area include Berbee Information Networks, Broadjam, Epic, FSBO Madison, Full Compass Systems, Human Head Studios, Netconcepts (recently purchased by Covario), Raven Software, Sonic Foundry, TDS Telecom, and TomoTherapy.
Biotech firms include Panvera (now part of Invitrogen), Promega, and the Iceland-based Nimblegen. The contract research organization Covance is a major employer in the area.[33]
Oscar Mayer has been a Madison fixture for decades, and was a family business for many years before being sold to Kraft Foods. The Onion newspaper and the pizza chains Rocky Rococo, the Glass Nickel Pizza Company, and Ian's Pizza originated in Madison.[34][35]
Utilities
In the mid-2000s Madison partnered with Merrimac Communications to develop and build Mad City Broadband, a wireless internet infrastructure for the city.[36] In early 2010 a grass-root effort to bring Google's new high-speed fiber Internet to Madison failed.[37]
Madison is served by Madison Gas and Electric which provides electricity and natural gas service to the city.
Education
According to Forbes magazine, Madison ranks second in the nation in education.[38][39] The Madison Metropolitan School District serves the city and surrounding area. With an enrollment of approximately 25,000 students in 46 schools, it is the second largest school district in Wisconsin behind the Milwaukee School District.[40] The five public high schools are James Madison Memorial, Madison West, Madison East, Madison LaFollette, and Malcolm Shabazz City High School, an alternative school.
Among private church-related high schools are Abundant Life Christian School, Edgewood High School,[41] located on the Edgewood College campus, and St. Ambrose Academy, a Catholic school offering grades 6 through 12.[42] Madison Country Day School is a private high school with no religious affiliation.
The city is home to the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Edgewood College, Madison Area Technical College, and Madison Media Institute, giving the city a post-secondary student population of nearly 50,000. The University of Wisconsin accounts for the vast majority of students, with an enrollment of roughly 41,000, of whom 30,750 are undergraduates.[43] In a Forbes magazine city ranking from 2003, Madison had the highest number of Ph.D.s per capita, and third highest college graduates per capita, among cities in the United States.[44]
Additional degree programs are available through satellite campuses of Cardinal Stritch University, Concordia University-Wisconsin, Globe University, Lakeland College, the University of Phoenix, and Upper Iowa University. Madison also has a non-credit learning community with multiple programs and many private businesses also offering classes.
Transportation
Madison is served by the Dane County Regional Airport, which serves more than 100 commercial flights on an average day, and nearly 1.6 million passengers annually. Most major general aviation operations take place at Morey Field in Middleton 15 miles (24 km) from the city center. Madison Metro operates bus routes throughout the city and to some surrounding towns.[45] Madison has four taxicab companies (Union, Badger, Madison and Green), and several companies provide specialized transit for individuals with disabilities.
Railways
A high-speed rail route from Chicago through Milwaukee and Madison to Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, was proposed as part of the Midwest Regional Rail Initiative. Funding for the railway connecting Madison to Milwaukee was approved in January, 2010, but Governor-elect Scott Walker's opposition to the project led the Federal Railroad Administration to retract the $810 million in funding and reallocate it to other projects.[46] The nearest passenger train station is in Columbus, Wisconsin, 28 miles (45 km) away. There the eastbound Empire Builder provides daily service to Milwaukee and Chicago, and the westbound Empire Builder provides daily service to Portland, Oregon and Seattle, Washington.
Railroad freight services are provided to Madison by Wisconsin and Southern Railroad (WSOR) and Canadian Pacific Railway (CP). Wisconsin & Southern has been operating since 1980, having taken over trackage owned since the 19th century by the Chicago and North Western and the Milwaukee Road.
The Transport 2020 project proposed a hybrid commuter rail-light rail transit line along one of the existing rail corridors from Middleton, Wisconsin to Reiner Road between Madison and Sun Prairie, Wisconsin, serving the University Avenue corridor, UW-Madison campus, the isthmus, and northeast Madison. In June 2008, the project submitted an application with the Federal Transit Administration to begin preliminary engineering for the project. However, in June 2011, authorizing legislation for regional transit authorities in Wisconsin was repealed and the application was withdrawn. The project is currently on hold.
Buses
In addition to public transportation, regional buses connect Madison to Milwaukee, Chicago, Minneapolis–Saint Paul, and many other communities. Badger Bus, which connects Madison to Milwaukee, runs about 10 buses a day. Greyhound Lines, a nationwide bus company, serves Madison on its Chicago, Milwaukee, and Minneapolis–Saint Paul route. Van Galder Bus Company, a subsidiary of Coach USA, provides transportation through Rockford to Chicago – stopping at Union Station, O'Hare Airport, and Midway Airport. Jefferson Lines provides transportation to Minneapolis–Saint Paul via La Crosse. Megabus provides limited stop service to Chicago and Minneapolis–Saint Paul. Lamers Bus Lines has once daily trips from Madison to Wausau, Dubuque, and Green Bay.
Highways
I-39, I-90 and I-94 expressways intersect at Madison, connecting the city to Milwaukee, Chicago, Rockford, Illinois, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Wausau. U.S. Routes US-12, US-14, US-18, US-51 and US-151 connect the city with Dubuque, Iowa, the Wisconsin cities of La Crosse and Janesville, Fond du Lac and Manitowoc. The Beltline is a six-to-eight lane freeway on the south and west sides of Madison and is the main link from downtown to the southeast and western suburbs. Several carsharing services are available in Madison, including Community Car a locally-owned company, and U-Haul subsidiary U Car Share.
Media
Madison is home to an extensive and varied number of print publications, reflecting the city's role as the state capital and its diverse political, cultural and academic population. The Wisconsin State Journal (weekday circulation: ~95,000; Sundays: ~155,000) is published in the mornings, while its sister publication, The Capital Times (Thursday supplement to the Journal) is published online daily. Though jointly operated under the name Capital Newspapers, the Journal is owned by the national chain Lee Enterprises, and the Times is independently owned. Wisconsin State Journal is the descendant of the Wisconsin Express, a paper founded in the Wisconsin Territory in 1839. The Capital Times was founded in 1917 by William T. Evjue, a business manager for the State Journal who disagreed with that paper's editorial criticisms of Wisconsin Republican Senator Robert M. La Follette, Sr. for his opposition to U.S. entry into World War I.
The free weekly alternative newspaper Isthmus (weekly circulation: ~65,000) was founded in Madison in 1976. The Onion, a satirical weekly, was founded in Madison in 1988. Two student newspapers are published during the academic year, The Daily Cardinal (Mon-Fri circulation: ~10,000) and The Badger Herald (Mon-Fri circulation: ~16,000). Other specialty print publications focus on local music, politics and sports, including The Madison Times, Wisconsin Sports Weekly,The Mendota Beacon, The Madison Observer, Madison Magazine, The Simpson Street Free Press and fantasy sports web site RotoWire.com. There is a strong community of local blogs including Althouse, dane101, and The Critical Badger.
The Progressive, published in Madison, is a left-wing periodical that may be best known for the attempt of the U.S. government in 1979 to suppress one of its articles before publication. The magazine eventually prevailed in the landmark First Amendment case, United States v. The Progressive, Inc. During the 1970s, there were two radical weeklies published in Madison, known as TakeOver and Free for All, as well as a Madison edition of the Bugle-American underground newspaper.
Madison hosts two volunteer-operated and community-oriented radio stations, WORT and WSUM. WORT Community Radio (89.9 FM), founded in 1975, is one of the oldest volunteer-powered radio stations in the United States. A listener-sponsored community radio station, WORT offers diverse music and talk programming that is locally produced and hosted by local DJs. WSUM (91.7 FM) is a student radio station whose programming and operation are carried out almost entirely by students.
Madison's Wisconsin Public Radio station, WHA, was one of the first radio stations in the nation to begin broadcasting, and remains the longest continuously broadcasting station in the nation.[citation needed]
Widely heard public radio programs that originate in Madison include Michael Feldman's Whad'Ya Know?, Zorba Pastor On Your Health, To the Best of Our Knowledge and Calling All Pets.
WXJ-87 is the NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards station located on Madison's west side, with broadcasts originating from the National Weather Service in Sullivan, Wisconsin.
See also:
- List of radio stations in Wisconsin
- List of television stations in Wisconsin
- List of Madison magazines
- List of Wisconsin daily newspapers
Culture
In 1996 Money magazine identified Madison as the best place to live in the United States.[47] It has consistently ranked near the top of the best-places list in subsequent years, with the city's low unemployment rate a major contributor.[citation needed]
The main downtown thoroughfare is State Street, which links the University of Wisconsin campus with the Capitol Square, and is lined with restaurants, espresso cafes and shops. Only pedestrians, buses, emergency vehicles, delivery vehicles and bikes are allowed on State Street.
On the other side of Capitol Square is King Street, which has more upper-end restaurants and cafes than on the more student-budget State Street.
On Saturday mornings in the summer, the Dane County Farmers' Market is held around the Capitol Square.[48] This market attracts numerous vendors who sell fresh produce, meat, cheese, and other products. On Wednesday evenings, the Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra performs free concerts on the capitol's lawn.[49]
The Great Taste of the Midwest craft beer festival, established in 1987 and the second longest running such event in North America,[citation needed] is held the second Saturday in August. The highly-coveted tickets sell out within an hour of going on sale in May.[50]
Madison is host to Rhythm and Booms, a massive fireworks celebration coordinated to music. It begins with a fly-over by F-16s from the local Wisconsin Air National Guard. This celebration is the largest fireworks display in the Midwest in length, number of shells fired and the size of its annual budget.[51]
During the winter months, sports enthusiasts enjoy ice-boating, ice skating, ice hockey, ice fishing, cross-country skiing, and snowkiting.[52] During the rest of the year, outdoor recreation includes sailing on the local lakes, bicycling, and hiking.
Madison was named the number one college sports town by Sports Illustrated in 2003.[53] In 2004 it was named the healthiest city in America by Men's Journal magazine. Many major streets in Madison have designated bike lanes and the city has one of the most extensive bike trail systems in the nation.[citation needed]
There are many cooperative organizations in the Madison area, ranging from grocery stores (such as the Willy Street Cooperative) to housing co-ops (such as Madison Community Cooperative and Nottingham Housing Cooperative) to worker cooperatives (including and engineering firm and a cab company).
In 2005, Madison was included in Gregory A. Kompes' book, 50 Fabulous Gay-Friendly Places to Live.[54] The Madison metro area has a higher percentage of gay couples than any other city in the area outside of Chicago and Minneapolis.[55]
Among the city's neighborhood fairs and celebrations are two large student-driven gatherings, the Mifflin Street Block Party and the State Street Halloween Party. Rioting and vandalism at the State Street gathering in 2004 and 2005 led the city to institute a cover charge for the 2006 celebration.[56] In an attempt to give the event more structure and to eliminate vandalism, the city and student organizations worked together to schedule performances by bands, and to organize activities. The event has been named "Freakfest on State Street."[57] Events such as these have helped contribute to the city's nickname of "Madtown."
In 2009, the Madison Common Council voted to name the plastic pink flamingo as the official city bird.[58]
Music
Madison's vibrant music scene covers a wide spectrum of musical culture.[59]
Several venues offer live music nightly, spreading from the historic Barrymore Theatre and High Noon Saloon on the east side to[60] small coffee houses and wine bars. The biggest headliners usually perform at the Orpheum Theatre, the Overture Center or the UW Theatre on campus. Other popular rock and pop venues include the Majestic Theater, the Frequency, and the Great Dane Pub. During the summer, the Memorial Union Terrace on the University of Wisconsin campus, offers live music five nights a week. The Union is located on the shores of Lake Mendota and offers beautiful scenery and sunsets.
The Madison Scouts Drum and Bugle Corps has provided youth aged 16–22 opportunities to perform across North America every summer since 1938. The University of Wisconsin Marching Band is a popular marching band.
Popular bands and musicians
Garbage is the city's most recognized contemporary contribution to popular music. The multi-million album selling alternative-rock band has been based in Madison since it was formed in 1994 by producer-musician Butch Vig of Viroqua. Vig and bandmate Steve Marker also owned Smart Studios in Madison, which closed in 2010.
Madison has a lively independent rock scene, and local independent record labels include Crustacean Records, Science of Sound,[61] Kind Turkey Records,[62] and Art Paul Schlosser Inc. A Dr. Demento[63] and weekly live karaoke[64] favorite is The Gomers,[65] who have a Madison Mayoral Proclamation named after them.[66] They have performed with fellow Wisconsin residents Les Paul and Steve Miller.[67]
Madison is also home to Paul Kowert of Punch Brothers, Mama Digdown's Brass Band, Johnny Rocker & The High Rollers, Clyde Stubblefield of Funky Drummer fame, and musicians Roscoe Mitchell, Richard Davis, Ben Sidran, Sexy Ester and the Pretty Mama Sisters, Reptile Palace Orchestra, Killdozer, and Polydream.
Music festivals
In the summer Madison hosts many music festivals, including the Waterfront Festival, the Willy St. Fair, Atwood Summerfest, the Isthmus Jazz Festival, the Orton Park Festival, 94.1 WJJO's Band Camp, Greekfest, the WORT Block Party and the Sugar Maple Traditional Music Festival, and the Madison World Music Festival sponsored by the Wisconsin Union Theater (held at the Memorial Union Terrace and at the Willy St. Fair in September). Past festivals include the Madison Pop Festival and Forward Music Festival (2009-2010.) One of the latest additions is the Fête de Marquette, taking place around Bastille Day at various east side locations. This new festival celebrates French music, with a focus on Cajun influences. Madison also hosts an annual electronic music festival, Reverence, and the Folk Ball, a world music and Folk dance festival held annually in January. Madison is home to the LBGTQA festival, Fruit Fest, celebrating queer culture and LGBT allies. Madison also plays host to the National Women's Music Festival. [68]
Art
Museums include the UW–Madison's Chazen Museum of Art (formerly the Elvehjem Museum), the Wisconsin Historical Museum (run by the Wisconsin Historical Society),[69] the Wisconsin Veterans Museum,[70] the Madison Children's Museum,[71] and the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art. Madison also has many independent art studios and galleries. It hosts the annual Art Fair on the Square, a juried exhibition, and the complementary Art Fair Off the Square.
Performing arts
The Madison Opera, the Madison Symphony Orchestra, Forward Theatre Company, the Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra, and the Madison Ballet are some of the professional resident companies of the Overture Center for the Arts. The city is also home to a number of smaller performing arts organizations, including a group of theater companies that present in the Bartell Theatre, a former movie palace renovated into live theater spaces, and Opera for the Young, an opera company that performs for elementary school students across the Midwest. The Wisconsin Union Theater (a 1300-seat theater) is home to seasonal attractions and is the main stage for Four Seasons Theatre, a community theater company specializing in musical theater, and other groups. The Young Shakespeare Players, a theater group for young people, performs uncut Shakespeare and George Bernard Shaw plays.
Community-based theater groups include Children's Theatre of Madison, Strollers Theatre, Madison Theatre Guild, the Mercury Players, and the Broom Street Theater (which is not on Broom Street).
Madison offers one comedy club, the Comedy Club on State, and has other options for more alternative humor, featuring several improv groups, such as Atlas Improv Co., Monkey Business Institute, as well as sketch comedy groups The Public Drunkards and The Rabid Badger Theatre Company. The WiSUC Project hosts the annual "Funniest Comic in Madison" contest at the High Noon Saloon.
Madison has one of the world's major entertainment industry archives at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research, part of the Wisconsin Historical Society.[72]
Films
Several films have been made in Madison. One of the most noted was the documentary The War at Home, which chronicled the anti-Vietnam War movement in Madison. Another that made extensive use of the city as a backdrop was the 1986 comedy Back to School, starring Rodney Dangerfield. The 2006 film The Last Kiss used Madison and the university as a back-drop. In 2008, scenes were shot at the state capitol and surrounding area for use in the 2009 film Public Enemies, featuring Christian Bale and Johnny Depp.
- Stroszek (1977)
- The War at Home (1979)
- Back to School (1986)
- I Love Trouble (1994)
- Chain Reaction (1996)
- The Big One (1997)
- The Deep End of the Ocean (1999)
- Side Effects (2005)
- The Last Kiss (2006)
- Barefoot to Jerusalem (2008)
- Madison (2008)
- Public Enemies (2009)
Architecture
The Wisconsin State Capitol dome, closely based on the dome of the U.S. Capitol, is the jewel of the Madison skyline, and is visible throughout the Madison area because of its position on the high point of the isthmus. A state law limits building heights within one mile (1.6 km) of the structure.[73] The Wisconsin capitol's dome is the second tallest in the nation, after that of the capitol in Washington D.C.[74] Because of its location in the urban core, Capitol Square is well integrated with everyday pedestrian traffic and commerce, and the spoke streets—especially State Street and E. Washington—offer dramatic views of the capitol.
Architect Frank Lloyd Wright spent much of his childhood in Madison and studied briefly at the University, and is responsible for several Madison buildings. Monona Terrace, a meeting and convention center overlooking Lake Monona, designed by Taliesin Architect Anthony Puttnam, was based loosely on a 1938 Wright design. Wright designed the seminal Usonian House, which is located here. Another key Wright building, the Unitarian Meeting House, is in the adjacent suburb of Shorewood Hills. The Harold C. Bradley House in the University Heights neighborhood, designed collaboratively by Louis H. Sullivan and George Grant Elmslie in 1908–1910, now serves as the Sigma Phi Fraternity.
The Overture Center for the Arts, designed by Argentina-born architect César Pelli, stands on State Street near the capitol. Since opening in 2004, the center has presented shows and concerts in its Overture Hall, Capitol Theater and The Playhouse. The center houses the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art. Its style, unlike Pelli's Petronas Towers, leans toward sleek modernism, with simple expanses of glass framed by stone that are intended to complement the historic building facades preserved as part of the building's State Street exposure.
Many of the over 175 Madison buildings designed by the architectural firm of Claude and Starck are still standing, including Breese Stevens Field, Doty School (now converted to condominiums), and many private residences.[75]
The UW–Madison campus includes many buildings designed or supervised by architects J. T. W. Jennings, including the Dairy Barn and Agricultural Hall, and by Arthur Peabody, including the Memorial Union and the Carillon Tower. The density of the campus has grown to include 8- to 10-story high-rises including dormitories, research facilities, and classrooms. Several campus buildings erected in the 1960s exhibit brutalist architecture, which is now unpopular. In 2005 the University of Wisconsin embarked on a major redevelopment initiative that will transform the east end of its campus. The plan calls for the razing of a nearly a dozen 1950s to 1970s vintage buildings and the construction of new dormitories, administration, and classroom buildings, as well as the development of a new pedestrian mall extending to Lake Mendota.
Nicknames
Over the years, Madison has acquired nicknames and slogans that include:
- Mad City[76][77]
- Madtown[78][79]
- The Berkeley of the Midwest[80]
- 78 square miles surrounded by reality[81]
- The Athens of the Midwest[82]
- The People's Republic of Madison[83][84]
- Four Lakes City[85]
- Lake City
Crime
In 2008, Men's Health magazine ranked Madison as the "Least Armed and Dangerous" city in the United States in an article about "Where Men Are Targets".[86] Between 2004 and 2007, 17 murders were reported.[87][88][89] In 2008, Madison Police reported 10 homicides [90]
Sports
Madison's reputation as a sports city exists largely because of the University of Wisconsin. In 2004 Sports Illustrated on Campus named Madison the #1 college sports town in the nation.[91] Scott Van Pelt also proclaimed Madison the best college sports town in America.[92]
The UW–Madison teams play their home-field sporting events in venues in and around Madison. The football team plays at Camp Randall Stadium. In 2005 a renovation was completed that added 72 luxury suites and increased the stadium's capacity to 80,321, although crowds of as many as 83,000 have attended games. The basketball and hockey teams play at the Kohl Center. Construction on the $76 million arena was completed in 1997. In 2006, the men's and women's Badger hockey teams won NCAA Division I championships, and the women repeated with a second consecutive national championship in 2007.[93] Some events are played at the county-owned Alliant Energy Center (formerly Dane County Memorial Coliseum) and the University-owned Wisconsin Field House.
Despite Madison's strong support for college sports, it has proven to be an inhospitable home for professional baseball. The Madison Muskies, a Class A, Midwest League affiliate of the Oakland A's, left town in 1993 after 11 seasons. The Madison Hatters, another Class A, Midwest League team, played in Madison for only the 1994 season. The Madison Black Wolf, an independent Northern League franchise lasted five seasons (1996–2000), before decamping for Lincoln, Nebraska. Madison is currently home to the Madison Mallards, a college wood-bat summer baseball league team in the Northwoods League. They play in Warner Park on the city's north side from June to August.
The now defunct Indoor Football League's Madison Mad Dogs were once located in the city. In 2009 indoor football returned to Madison as the Continental Indoor Football League's Wisconsin Wolfpack, who call the Alliant Energy Center home.
Madison is home to the Madison Mustangs, a semi-pro football team that is part of the Ironman Football League. Games are typically played on Saturday during the summer months, with the home field being Middleton High School. The Mustangs have the nation's longest active winning streak at 49 games, and have won 4 straight Ironman Football League championships.[citation needed]
The Wisconsin Wolves is a women's semi-pro football team based in Madison that plays in the IWFL Independent Women's Football League. The Wolves home field is located at Middleton High School.
The Blackhawk Ski Club, formed in 1947, provides ski jumping, cross country skiing and alpine skiing. The club's programs have produced several Olympic ski jumpers, two Olympic ski jumping coaches and one Olympic ski jumping director. The club had the first Nordic ski facility with lighted night jumping.[citation needed]
The Madison 56ers is a Madison amateur soccer team in the National Premier Soccer League. They play in Breese Stevens Field on East Washington Avenue.[94]
Madison is home to the Wisconsin Rugby Club, the 1998 USA Rugby Division II National Champions, and the Wisconsin Women's Rugby Football Club, the state's only Division I women's rugby team. The city also has men's and women's rugby clubs at UW–Madison, in addition to four high school boy's teams and one high school girl's team. The most recent addition to the Madison rugby community, Madison Minotaurs Rugby Club, is composed largely of gay players and is Wisconsin's first and only IGRAB team, but is open to any player with any experience level. All ten teams play within the Wisconsin Rugby Football Union, the Midwest Rugby Union and USA Rugby.
Nearly 100 women participate in the adult women's ice hockey teams based in Madison (Thunder, Lightning, Freeze, UW–B and C teams), which play in the Women's Central Hockey League. The Madison Gay Hockey Association is also in Madison.
Madison also has a hurling team, organized as The Hurling Club of Madison.
The All-Girl Roller Derby League, Mad Rollin' Dolls, was formed in Madison in 2004 and is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association.[95]
Madison is home to several endurance sports racing events, such as the Crazylegs Classic, Paddle and Portage, the Mad City Marathon, and Ironman Wisconsin, which attracts over 45,000 spectators.[96]
Current teams
Club | League | Sport | Venue | Established | Championships |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Madison Mustangs | IFL | American football | Brentbach Stadium | 1997 | 4 consecutive Ironbowls |
Madison Mallards | NL | Baseball | Warner Park | 2001 | 1 championship |
Madison 56ers | NPSL | Soccer | Breese Stevens Field | 2005 | 0 championships |
Wisconsin Rugby Club | WRFU | Rugby | Wisconsin Rugby Club Sports Complex | 1962 | 1 championship |
Madison Minotaurs | WRFU | Rugby | Yahara Rugby Field | 2007 | 0 Bingham Cups |
Wisconsin Badgers | Big Ten, NCAA Div.1 | 23 Varsity Teams | Camp Randall Stadium, Kohl Center | 1849 | 27 championships |
Edgewood Eagles | NAC, NCAA Div.3 | 16 varsity teams | Edgedome | 1974 | 35 championships |
Madison College Wolfpack | N4C, NJCAA Div.3 | 8 varsity teams | Redsten Gymnasium, Roberts Field | 1912 | 21 championships |
Mad Rollin' Dolls | WFTDA | Roller derby | Alliant Energy Center | 2005 | 0 championships |
Madison Blues | GLHL | Hockey | Capitol Ice Arena | 2010 | 0 championships |
Hurling Club of Madison | NAGAA | Hurling | Madison Memorial High School & Madison Rugy Club Fields | 2007 | 0 championships |
Points of interest
- Alliant Energy Center The Veteran's Memorial Coliseum and Exhibition Hall
- Camp Randall Stadium
- Chazen Museum of Art
- Henry Vilas Zoo
- The Kohl Center
- Mifflin Street, home to the annual Mifflin Street Block Party
- Monona Terrace Community and Convention Center
- Memorial Union
- Olbrich Botanical Gardens
- Overture Center for the Arts
- Gates of Heaven, the eighth-oldest surviving synagogue building in the U.S.
- State Street
- Unitarian Meeting House designed by Frank Lloyd Wright
- University of Wisconsin–Madison
- University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum
- University of Wisconsin Field House
- UW–Madison Geology Museum
- Wisconsin Historical Society
- Wisconsin State Capitol
- Picnic Point, scenic hiking and picnic area by the campus
Sister cities
- Ainaro in East Timor, since 2001
- Arcatao in El Salvador
- Cuzco in Peru
- Camagüey in Cuba, since 1988
- Freiburg im Breisgau in Germany, since 1986
- Managua in Nicaragua, since 1987
- Mantua in Italy, since 2001
- Obihiro in Japan, since 2006
- Goiânia in Brazil, since 1983
- Vilnius in Lithuania, since 1989
- Tepatitlan de Morelos in Mexico
Former sister cities include:
Notable Madisonians
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b "Vilas vs. Reynolds". Reports of cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court of the State of Wisconsin. Vol. 6. Beloit: E.E. Hale & Co. 1858. p. 215. Retrieved 2011-07-24.
- ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
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- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
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: External link in
(help)|publisher=
- ^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-02.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|publisher=
- ^ Historic Madison, Inc., Madison's Past - Early History
- ^ WiC-hear, WiCourts.gov.
- ^ Madison, Dane County and Surrounding Towns, Madison: Wm. J. Park, 1877, pp. 543–558.
- ^ "Wisconsin State Capitol Tour". State of Wisconsin. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
- ^ "2003 City of Madison, City of Fitchburg and Town of Madison Cooperative Plan" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Dictionary of Wisconsin History: Four Lakes". Wisconsin Historical Society.
- ^ "City of Madison Website, Communities and Neighborhoods".
- ^ "NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. August 2011.
- ^ "NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
- ^ "Monthly Averages for Madison, WI – Temperature and Precipitation". The Weather Channel.
- ^ "Climatological Normals of Washington, DC". Hong Kong Observatory.
- ^ "Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2006-12-31.
- ^ U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Components, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
- ^ U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Components, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
- ^ U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Combined Statistical Areas and Component Core Based Statistical Areas, 2007-05-11. Accessed 2008-08-01.
- ^ "Population and Housing Occupancy Status: 2010 - United States -- Combined Statistical Area" (XHTML 1.0 Transitional/CSS/JavaScript; Requires Internet Explorer 7, Firefox 3 (Gecko 1.9.x) or newer). United States Census, 2010. American FactFinder (census.gov). 2010.
- ^ Moe, Doug (2005). Surrounded by reality. Madison: Jones Books. p. xiii. ISBN 0976353938. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
- ^ "Fair Wisconsin News Release". Retrieved 2007-04-14.
- ^ "Key Ballot Measures". CNN.com. Retrieved 2007-04-16.
- ^ "The War at Home (1979) Review Summary". New York Times. Retrieved July 10, 2012.
- ^ "Roman Catholic Diocese of Madison home page". Madisondiocese.org. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Walton, Christopher. "What size are Unitarian Universalist congregations?". uuworld.org. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ^ city-data.com
- ^ "Best Places for Business Forbes, May 22, 2006.
- ^ Weiss, Tara (January 5, 2009). "No. 1: Madison, Wis". 10 Cities Where They're Hiring. Forbes. Retrieved 2011-07-24.
- ^ Steven R. Williams, Webmaster. "Wisconsin State Employees Union website". Wseu-24.org. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Best Hospitals 2006: University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison". U. S. News and World Reports. 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-12.
- ^ "St. Mary's Hospital". Stmarysmadison.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Newman, Judy (22 April 2006). "At Covance, People Volunteer for Cash, Causes". The Wisconsin State Journal. Retrieved 10 February 2011.
- ^ "Our Story, Rocky's Roots". Rockyrococo.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "About Us | About Us". Glassnickelpizza.com. 1997-11-05. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Mad City Broadband "Mad City Broadband"
- ^ Google Fiber draws Madisonian support "Google Fiber draws Madisonian support"
- ^ "Where To Educate Your Children" Forbes, December 12, 2007.
- ^ "In Pictures: Top 20 Places To Educate Your Child" Forbes, December 12, 2007.
- ^ "Madison Metropolitan School District". Madison.k12.wi.us. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Edgewood High School". Edgewood.k12.wi.us. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Faith Haven, Madison, Wis. Capital Times, October 13, 2006.
- ^ "#415 University of Wisconsin, Madison". Forbes. 2009-08-05.
- ^ "Forbes rating is more than kudos for Madison; it's a reflection on Wisconsin and the Midwest". Wisconsin Education Association Council. May 17, 2004. Archived from the original on 2004-06-03.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Metro Transit System". Ci.madison.wi.us. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Statement From The U.S. Department Of Transportation". Dot.gov. 2010-12-09. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Madison, Wis., No. 1 Place to Live in U.S., Money Magazine Says.(Originated from The Wisconsin State Journal)". Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News. 1996-06-13.
- ^ "Madfarmmkt.org". Madfarmmkt.org. 2009-07-29. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Wisconsin Chamber Orchestra". Wcoconcerts.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Madison Home Brewers and Tasters Guild". Mhtg.org. 2011-11-05. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Rhythm and Booms press release[dead link]
- ^ "Hoofer Sailing – Snow Kiting". Hoofersailing.org. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Best College Sports Towns: Madison #1" from Sports Illustrated
- ^ Greater Madison Convention and Visitors Bureau."Madison Ranked Among Nation’s Best Gay-Friendly Places to Call Home". December 12, 2005.
- ^ "Gay Demographics 2000 Census". Gaydemographics.org. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Madison WI news sports entertainment". Madison.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "University of Wisconsin-Madison". The Daily Cardinal. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Council Makes Plastic Flamingo Madison's Official Bird". WISC-TV. September 2, 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-02.
- ^ "Madison Music Events, Shows & Things To Do". Zvents. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Live Music Venue Madison WI - High Noon Saloon". High-noon.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Science of Sound Records
- ^ "Kind Turkey Records". Kind Turkey Records. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "The Gomers". Themadmusicarchive.com. 1986-12-01. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "High Noon Saloon". High-noon.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ SCENE: CD Reviews[dead link]
- ^ "Gomers e-Presskit". Beeftone.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Wisconsin Foundation for School Music : 2004 Lifetime Achievement Award
- ^ [www.wiaonline.org], website.
- ^ "Wisconsin Historical Museum". Wisconsinhistory.org. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Wisconsin Veterans Museum". Museum.dva.state.wi.us. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Madison Children's Museum". Madisonchildrensmuseum.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ Directors Guild of America, Visual History Resources. Retrieved December 3, 2012.
- ^ "1989 Wisconsin Act 222" (PDF). State of Wisconsin. April 12, 1990. Retrieved 2006-10-03.
- ^ Christian A. Holst, The Wisconsin Capitol: Official Guide and History. 2nd ed. Madison, WI: Author, 1919, p. 23.
- ^ "Behold…The Genius Of Claude And Starck", Madison Magazine.
- ^ Clark, Brian E. (2008-10-19). "Mad City offers more than football". Chicago Sun-Times.
- ^ "COLLEGE BASKETBALL '93–'94; Mad, Mad, Mad City: Wisconsin Is Reborn". The New York Times. 1993-12-05. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
- ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jy8gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_hIEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3044,433017&dq=madtown+madison+wisconsin&hl=en
- ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=2EscAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_i0EAAAAIBAJ&pg=2037,2769475&dq=madtown+madison+wisconsin&hl=en
- ^ "Madison named one of the most gay-friendly cities in America - WKOW 27: Madison, WI Breaking News, Weather and Sports". Wkowtv.com. 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ "Madison Mentions: The Newspaper Report Weekending". Dane101. March 27, 2007.
- ^ Rich, Motoko (2009-09-02). "Hate, Love, Chores: Lorrie Moore's Midwest Chronicle". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
- ^ Al Smith (2008-09-12). "A visionary among the blind". JSOnline. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nuIqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Vo4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6450,6725636&dq=people%27s-republic&hl=en
- ^ http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ySwaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8SQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2688,177953&dq=madison+four-lakes-city&hl=en
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ FBI Crime stats, 2007 prelim.
- ^ FBI Crime stats, 2005 – Table 8 WI.
- ^ FBI Crime stats, 2004 – Table 8 WI.
- ^ http://www.cityofmadison.com/police/crimestats/documents/homArrests2008.pdf
- ^ "Best College Sports Towns". CNN. Retrieved 2010-05-12.
- ^ [2][dead link]
- ^ University of Wisconsin Badger Hockey[dead link]
- ^ Princeton-56ers[dead link]
- ^ "Mad Rollin' Dolls". Madrollindolls.com. Retrieved 2011-11-14.
- ^ http://ironmanwisconsin.com/
Bibliography
- Bates, Tom, Rads: The 1970 Bombing of the Army Math Research Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Its Aftermath (1993) ISBN 0-06-092428-4
- Maraniss, David, They Marched Into Sunlight: War and Peace Vietnam and America October 1967 (2003) ISBN 0-7432-1780-2 ISBN 0-7432-6104-6 (about the Dow Chemical protest, and a battle in Vietnam that occurred on the previous day)
- Mollenhoff, David V., Madison : A History of the Formative Years (1982, revised 2003) ISBN 0-8403-2728-5 ISBN 0-299-19980-0
External links
- Madison Japan Association HP - MJA Madison Japan Association
- City of Madison website
- Greater Madison Convention & Visitors Bureau
- Local Madison Videos
- Lake Mendota and the other Yahara River lakes
- The State of Wisconsin Collection presented by the UW Digital Collections Center includes digital resources on Madison, including:
- The Story of Madison, by Reuben Gold Thwaites
- Madison: a Model City, by John Nolen
- Madison, Dane County and Surrounding Towns; Being a History and Guide to Places of Scenic Beauty and Historical Note...(1877)
- A History of Madison, the Capital of Wisconsin; Including the Four Lake Country (1874) by Daniel S. Durrie
- Historical County Plat Maps from South Central Wisconsin and Early Madison City Directories