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Madhubani district

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Madhubani District is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India, and Madhubani town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Madhubani district is a part of Darbhanga Division. The district occupies an area of 3501 km² and has a population of 3,570,651 (as of 2001). This is the centre of Mithila, a region where the main language is Maithili.

Demography

Population: Total: 3610687 Rural: 3501921 Urban: 90766

Divisions

Sub Divisions: Madhubani, Jaynagar, Benipatti, Jhanjharpur, Phulparas.

Blocks

Jainagar, Pandaul, Rahika, Bisfi, Benipatti, Basopatti, Babubarhi, Rajnagar, Madhepur, Khutauna, Khajauli, Jhanjharpur, Ghoghardiha, Ladania, Madhwapur, Harlakhi, Laukahi, Andharatharhi, Lakhnaur, Phulparas, Kaluahi

Panchayats

Panchayat is a local government assembly, for this district they are:

Khairi Banka, Nahari,Durgipatti. Bhawanipur, Singion, Basuli-Balat, Tharhi (G) Tharhi (M)Satlakha, Simri, Bhojpandaul, Rahika, Aunsi, Ghoghardiha, Sonmati, Gajahara, Nauabakhar, Sudai Ratoli, Basuari, Brahm Pur (N), Brahm Pur (S), Braham Pur Bathnaha, Chhajna, Chikana, Tamuria, Inaraba, Kiotana, Sangi, Sarauti, Pirojgadh, Amahi, Parsa (N), Parsa (S), Bishanpur, Raghuni Dehat, Mangrauni Uttari, Babubarhi, Laukaha, Laxmi Pur, Parsauni (N), Parsauni (s), Pathrahi Ghanghaur (Bakasahi), Berma,Umgaon, Hapipur North, Haripur South, Baira,Madhepur.Babubarhi

Important Villages

Madhepur Old Village,Tamoria,Bijlipur,Batnaha,Berma,Parsad,Materesh,Mithlanchal Deep, DAMODARPUR (kalidash place) BHAWANIPUR(TEMPLE OF UGANA MAHADEV) , Khairi Banka,Nahari,Andhra-Thadhi(Vachaspati I)(Tharhi Parameshwari Temple), Samaul(Vachaspati II),Raj Nagar(0nce capital of Mithila),
Nagdah-Balain,Ucchitha(place of Bhagwati), Koilakh(place of Bhagwati),
Dokhar(Rajeshwarsthan),Akaur(place of Bhagwati), Mangrauni-Jitwarpur(place of Madhubani painting),
Bhawanipur( place of temple of ugana mahadev) Arer,
Laukaha, Khutowna, Babubarhi, , ChiChari, Narayanpatti, Bhagbanpur, Bhatgama, Pipraghat, Bakasahi, Chatra, Dhagjari, Rahika, Sourath(Heart of Mithila),Mahatha, Ladania, Padma, Shidhapkala, Dulha, Keshuli, Brahampura, Depura, Sonmati, Kamenpatti, Raghuni Dehat-Amada, Belhwar, Araria Sangram, Rampatti, Belahi, 'Deohar, Haati, Bithuaar, Mauhai, Muraliachak, Bajraha, Bhariya, Rajnagar (Simari), Parsauni, Bhauraa, 'Singion', Bankatta,Pathrahi, Haripur Dihtol, Haripur Gauridas.bhikhna.barail. Sonpatahi'

Economy

Agriculture: Paddy.
Wheat, Sugarcane,Paan, Pulses, Makhana,Fishing

Industry: Sugar factories, Pisciculture, Mithila paintings

Important Rivers

Rivers: Kamala, Bhutahi Balaan, Bachharaja, Balaan, Tirsulla, Jeevachh

Culture

The "Madhubani" style of paintings derives its name from this region as the style originated here, in the early 17th century. These paintings are made using vegetable dyes, lamp black, and the canvas is usually cloth or paper. These days, several of the well-known "Madhubani" paintings are used as motifs on bags, kurtas (an Indian garment for covering the upper-half of the body), and other materials produced using the hand-block painting technique. With ethnic-chic being in vogue, such products are all the rage, these days, not just with the Indians, but also in the export market.

The people of this district is very religious and follow all religious rituals with pomp and show. The people of all religions and sects practice their rituals in great harmony. The people of this district are love and peace loving. Durgapuja, Mahashivratri, Holi, Ramnavami, Krishnashtmi and Dipawali are a few famous festivals .

In a few village like Sonamati of Babubarhi block, idols of Lord Krishna, Nand baba and other God & Goddess are made with soil & bamboo stick and a fair is organized on the eve of Krishnashtmi. Almost all Hindu villages of this district have a Shivalaya where people go for Jalbhishek every morning.

Muslim of this district also practice their festivals of Id & Muharram with great pomp & show. Hindu of their village and surrounding also share their festivals with joy. In Madhubani Maithils celebrate Chhath Puja which occurs just six days after Diwali with a great enthusiasm.

one more important thing is Saurath Sabha in which Almost every year, during suddha or auspicious days for the settling of marriages, thousands of Maithil Brahmans gather at Sabha Gaachchi in Saurath. The Panjikaras (the person maintaining "Panji" or genealogical record) plays a very important role in fixing of marriage since it is obligatory for every person desirous of marriage to get a certificate called asvajajanapatra (non-relationship) from a panjikara, stating that there is no “blood relationship”, as per the prescribed rules of prohibited degrees of relationship, between the bride and groom. There is a fixed sitting place – dera – for every village in the sabha. The timing and number of days etc. are decided in a general meeting of the scholars and pandits of Mithila in accordance with the traditional astrological almanac– Pachanga.

Famous Scholars

This district is famous for giving so many philosophers to India. This continues to the present day and there are still lot of scholars of "dwait" & "adwait" school of philosophy.

A few of famous scholars of international level from this district in ancient times were(Kalidas,Vachaspati of Thadhi, Vidyapati, Vachaspati of Samaul) :

1. Mahkavi Kalidas( Near Benipatti working at Damodarpur Gurukul who had light of knowledge by Devi of Uchhitha)-time of Kalidasa extends between the 4th to 5th century AD thogh people erraneously say him from Ujjain. Reference- MITHILA, THE NATIVE PLACE OF KALIDASA www.bihartimes.com/Newsbihar/.../Newsbihar11Nov1.html

2. Vachaspati Mishra of Thadhi of 9th century whose Bhamati Teeka is famous book on Bhavadwait

3. Mahakavi Vidyapati (1360-1550 around) said to be born at Bisfi and 4. Vachaspati Mishra of Samaul (15th centyry) said to be the greatest scholar, India ever produced, who wrote following 41 books He had written following 41 books(10 on Darshan and 31 on Smriti and): 10 on Darshan:

1. Nyay Tatwa Lok 2. Nyay Sutroddhar 3. Nyay Ratnaprakash 4. Prtyaksha Nirnay 5. Shabd Nirnay 6. Anuman Nirnay 7. Khandanoddhar 8. Tika on Gangesha’s Tatw Chintamani 9. Tika on Anuman Khand 10. Tika on Nyay -Chintamani Prakash Shabd Khandan

31 on Smriti:

1. Kritya Chintamani 2.Shudhhi Chintamani 3. Tirth Chintamani 4. Achar Chintamani 5. Anhik Chintamani 6. Dwait Chintamani 7.Neeti Chintamani( Maybe with Lootan Jha of Navtol but No manuscript found but referred in Vivad Chintamani) 8.Vivad Chintamani

9. Vyavhar Chintamani

10. Shudrachar Chintamani

11.Shraddha Chintamani

12. Tithi Chintamani

13. Dwait Nirnay 14. Mahadan Nirnay 15. Vivad Nirnay 16. Shuddhi Nirnay 17. Kritya Maharnav 18. Gaya Shraddha paddhati 19. Chandan Dhenu Praman 20. Dattak Vidhi or Dattak Putreshti Yajna Vidhi 21. Chhatra Yogo Dhut Doshanti Vidhi 22. Shraddha Vidhi 23. Gaya Pattalak 24. Tirth Kalplata 25. Tirthlata 26. Shraddhakalp 27. Kritya Paradeep 28. Sar Sangrah 29. Pritibhakti Taringini

? 30. Vrat Nirnaya k Purvardh ?? 31.

From Dr. Sureshwar Jha’s “Mithila Me Doo Got Vachaspati(manuscript seen in April 2009).

See also

References

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bijlipur>

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonmati_-_A_Civilized_village>

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