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17th United States Congress

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17th United States Congress
16th ←
→ 18th
United States Capitol (1827)
March 4, 1821 – March 4, 1823
Members48 senators
187 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic-Republican
Senate PresidentDaniel D. Tompkins (DR)
House majorityDemocratic-Republican
House SpeakerPhilip P. Barbour (DR)
Sessions
1st: December 3, 1821 – May 8, 1822
2nd: December 2, 1822 – March 3, 1823

The Seventeenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. While its term was officially March 4, 1821, to March 4, 1823, during the fifth and sixth years of James Monroe's presidency, its first session began on December 3, 1821, ending on May 8, 1822, and its second session began on December 2, 1822, to March 3, 1823. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major events

Main articles: 1821 in the United States, 1822 in the United States, and 1823 in the United States

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 17th United States Congress

States admitted and territories organized

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Missouri.

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR) 		Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 38 8 46 0
Begin 39 4 43 3
End 43 471
Final voting share 91.5% 8.5%
Beginning of next congress 42 3 45 3

House of Representatives

For the beginning of this congress, six seats from Massachusetts were reapportioned to the new state of Maine (one seat had already moved during the previous congress), 3 Stat. 555. During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Missouri, 3 Stat. 547.

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR) 		Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 159 24 183 3
Begin 150 31 181 5
End 154 1852
Final voting share 83.2% 16.8%
Beginning of next congress 188 24 212 1

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1826; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1822; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1824.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
  • Replacements: 5
  • Deaths: 2
  • Resignations: 6
  • Seats of newly admitted states: 2
  • Vacancies: 3
  • Total seats with changes: 12

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate

|- | Tennessee
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature failed to re-elect John Eaton (DR). Late election held. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Eaton (DR) | Elected September 27, 1821

|- | Pennsylvania
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant at end of previous Congress | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Findlay (DR) | Elected December 10, 1821

|- | Delaware
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant at end of previous Congress | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | Elected January 24, 1822

|- | Georgia
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Freeman Walker (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 6, 1821 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Nicholas Ware (DR) | Elected November 10, 1821

|- | Missouri
(1) | rowspan=2 | New seats | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Missouri was admitted to the Union. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Hart Benton (DR) | Elected August 10, 1821

|- | Missouri
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | David Barton (DR) | Elected August 10, 1821

|- | Ohio
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William A. Trimble (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 13, 1821 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Ethan Allen Brown (DR) | Elected January 3, 1822

|- | Maryland
(1) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Pinkney (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 25, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel Smith (DR) | Elected December 17, 1822

|- | Massachusetts
(2) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Harrison Gray Otis (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 30, 1822, to run for Mayor of Boston | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | James Lloyd (F) | Elected June 5, 1822

|- | Alabama
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John W. Walker (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 12, 1822, due to failing health | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Kelly (DR) | Elected December 12, 1822

|- | Virginia
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Pleasants (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 15, 1822, after being elected Governor of Virginia | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Taylor (DR) | Elected December 18, 1822

|- | Delaware
(1) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 29, 1823, to accept a diplomatic appointment | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |}

House of Representatives

  • replacements: 13
  • deaths: 5
  • resignations: 15
  • contested election: 2
  • seats of newly admitted states: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 23


Main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep

|- | Tennessee
6th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Henry Hunter Bryan was re-elected but did not take his seat | Vacant | |- | Ohio
4th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep.-elect John C. Wright resigned his seat in the next Congress on March 3, 1821 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | David Chambers (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |- | Pennsylvania
5th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep.-elect James Duncan resigned before Congress met | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Findlay (DR) | Seated December 12, 1821 |- | Pennsylvania
10th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep.-elect William Cox Ellis resigned before Congress met | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Murray, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 12, 1821 |- | New York
1st | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Credentials for Peter Sharpe were issued by the Secretary of State of New York, but Sharpe never claimed or took the seat, Sharpe's election was contested by Colden, see United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 1821 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Cadwallader D. Colden (F) | Seated December 12, 1821 |- | Kentucky
7th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | George Robertson (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | resigned before Congress met | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John S. Smith (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |- | nowrap | Missouri Territory
At-large | rowspan=2 | Vacant | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Missouri was admitted to the Union on August 10, 1821 | rowspan=2 style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Scott (DR) | rowspan=2 | Seated December 3, 1821 |- | Missouri
At-large |- | New York
6th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Selah Tuthill (DR) was elected after the Congress term had already begun, and died on September 7, 1821, before Congress met. It is uncertain whether credentials were ever issued for Tuthill. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Charles Borland, Jr. (DR) | Seated December 3, 1821 |- | Kentucky
8th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Wingfield Bullock (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 13, 1821, before Congress met | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James D. Breckinridge (DR) | Seated January 2, 1822 |- | New York
9th | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Solomon Van Rensselaer (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 14, 1822, upon appointment as Postmaster of Albany | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Stephen Van Rensselaer (F) | Seated March 12, 1822 |- | Delaware
At-large | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Caesar A. Rodney (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on January 24, 1822, after being elected to the US Senate | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Daniel Rodney (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | Maryland
6th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Jeremiah Cosden (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Cosden's election was contested by Reed | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Philip Reed (DR) | Seated March 19, 1822 |- | Pennsylvania
1st | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | William Milnor (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on May 8, 1822, to run for Mayor of Philadelphia | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Thomas Forrest (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | Pennsylvania
14th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Henry Baldwin (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Walter Forward (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | South Carolina
9th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Blair (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Carter (DR) | Seated December 11, 1822 |- | South Carolina
2nd | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Lowndes (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on May 8, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Hamilton, Jr. (DR) | Seated January 6, 1823 |- | Pennsylvania
6th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel Moore (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on May 20, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel D. Ingham (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | South Carolina
4th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Overstreet (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 24, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Andrew R. Govan (DR) | Seated December 4, 1822 |- | Maine
2nd | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Ezekiel Whitman (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on June 1, 1822, after becoming a judge of a Court of Common Pleas in Maine | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Mark Harris (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | Indiana
At-large | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Hendricks (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on July 25, 1822, after his election as Governor of Indiana | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Jonathan Jennings (DR) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | Virginia
2nd | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Thomas Van Swearingen (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Died on August 19, 1822 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | James Stephenson (F) | Seated December 2, 1822 |- | Florida Territory
At-large | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Florida Territory was organized on March 30, 1822 | Joseph M. Hernández | Seated January 3, 1823 |- | Pennsylvania
7th | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Ludwig Worman (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 17, 1822 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Daniel Udree (DR) | Seated December 23, 1822 |- | Maryland
5th | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel Smith (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on December 17, 1822, after his election to the US Senate | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Isaac McKim (DR) | Seated January 8, 1823 |- | Virginia
22nd | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Hugh Nelson (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned on January 14, 1823, upon appointment as Minister to Spain | Vacant | |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Selah Tuthill (DR) was elected in New York's 6th district late in April 1821 and died September 7, 1821 before Congress convened. It is unclear if/when he received his credentials.[3]

References

  1. ^ "President James Monroe, 1821". Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies. Archived from the original on 20 January 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2009.
  2. ^ "EATON, John Henry, (1790-1856)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
  3. ^ Brown 2001, p. 63.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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