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List of clothing and footwear shops in the United Kingdom

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of the current and defunct physical clothing and footwear shops in the United Kingdom. This includes shoes, clothing and sportswear, but not online retailers.

Current

[edit]

A–D

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
7 for All Mankind
2000
VF Corporation
5
American jeans company stuo Founded in Los Angeles by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan, the business was purchased by VF Corp. in 2007. The first UK shop opened in London in 2010.[1]
Acne Studios
1997
Private company
2
Swedish designer brand Founded by the Acne creative collective in Stockholm, the first UK shop opened in 2013.
Adidas
1949
Public company
18
German sports manufacturer Founded by Adolf Dassler after he and his brother parted ways after WW2. Operates 18 shops including Adidas Originals, Outlets, Y3 and Stella, as well as six joint Adidas and Reebok outlets.
Agent Provocateur
1994
3i
13
Ladies' underwear Founded in Soho by Joseph Corre (son of Vivienne Westwood) and his ex-wife Serena Rees. Purchased by 3i in 2007 for £60m.
Akris
1922
Private
1
Swiss designer brand for women Founded by Alice Kriemler-Schoch in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Operates in London in Old Bond Street.
Aldo Group
1972
Private company Footwear retailer Founded in Montreal, Canada by Aldo Bensadoun as a footwear concession, the business expanded internationally and opened its first UK shop in 2002.
Charlie Allen
1984
Privately owned company
1
Men's tailors Charlie Allen founded his tailoring shop in 1984.
AllSaints
1994
Lion Capital LLP Men's and ladies' wear Founded by Stuart Trevor and Kait Bolongaro from The Saint wholesale menswear business. The first shop opened in 1997.
American Apparel
1989
Public company
19
American manufacturer and retailer Founded by Dov Charney, the American manufacturer moved into retail in 2003 opening its first UK shop in Carnaby Street, London in 2006.[2]
American Eagle Outfitters
1977
Public company
3
American clothing shop Founded by the Silverman family in 1977, the business opened its first UK shop in November 2014.
& Other Stories
2013
H & M
7
Swedish clothing brand Upmarket clothing brand created by H & M, with the first UK shop opening in Regent Street, London in 2013.[3]
Anderson & Sheppard
1906
Rowland family
2
Men's tailors In 1906, Peter Gustav, also known as Per Anderson, founded Anderson & Sheppard at No. 30, Savile Row. Moved from Savile Row in 2004.
Richard Anderson
2001
Private company
1
Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Richard Anderson & Brian Lishak, the business was the first bespoke tailoring house to open on Savile Row in 50 years.[4]
Ann Summers
1970
Gold Family
144
Ladies' underwear Founded in Marble Arch, London by Annice Summers as a sex shop. Purchased by Ralph & David Gold in 1971 and turned into a high street brand selling underwear.
Anthropologie
1992
Urban Outfitters
10
Womenswear Founded in 1992 with its first shop opening in Wayne, Pennsylvania, US. The multigoods retailer opened its first shop in the UK in Regent Street in 2009.
Aquascutum
1851
YGM Trading
3
Men's clothing Founded in Regent Street, London by John Emary.
Ark
1992
JD Sports
5
Fashion retailer Founded as a ticket shop to ARK club nights in The Corn Exchange in Leeds, before moving into clothing. JD Sports purchased the business after it went into administration in 2013.[5]
Armani
1975
Private company Italian fashion house Italian fashion house founded by Giorgio Armani, the business operates shops and concessions under several names – Emporio Armani / Armani Jeans / Gorgio Armani in the UK.
Asda
1949
Wal-Mart through subsidiary Corinth Services Ltd
577
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded as "ASDA Queens" from the merger of Associated Dairies and the Asquith family owned Queens Supermarket. George (named after designer George Davies) clothing was launched in 1989 replacing the Asdale and Asda ranges. Mintel estimate that George is the fourth largest retailer of clothing in the United Kingdom, after Marks & Spencer, the Arcadia Group and Next.[6]
Laura Ashley
1953
MUI Group of Malaysia Ladies' clothing Founded by Laura & Bernard Ashley as Ashley Mountney in 1953 as manufacturer of headscarves, napkins, table mats and tea-towels. The first Laura Ashley shop opened in 1968.
Azagury
1987
Private company
1
British ladies' designer brand Founded by Jacques Azagury, one of the creators of the New Romantic look.[7]
Ted Baker
1988
Private company
42
Men's and ladies' fashion brand Founded by Ray Kelvin in Glasgow as a menswear brand and retailer, and opened further shops in Manchester, Plymouth, and Nottingham. The Covent Garden shop opened in 1990 and in 1995 they started a Women's range. They now operate 42 standalone shops and various concessions across the UK.
Bally Shoe
1851
JAB Holdings
5
Shoe retailer Carl Franz Bally founded his shoe making business in Switzerland in 1851.
Banana Republic
1978
Gap Inc.
8
American fashion retailer Founded by Mel and Patricia Ziegler as a retailer with a safari theme, the business was purchased by GAP, who repositioned the retailer to a more upmarket position. The first UK shop opened in Regent Street, London in March 2008.
Jeff Banks
1969
Private company
16
British fashion designer brand Jeff Banks started his own designer brand in 1969, opening his first shop in 1975.
Barbour
1894
Private company
30
Manufacturer and retailer of outdoor clothing Founded by John Barbour as an importer of oil cloth, the business operates its own retail shops as well as supplies wholesale.
Basler
1936
Private company
6
German womenswear brand Founded as Fritz Basler GmBH & Co. in Kreuzberg, Germany as a manufacturer of coats. In 1997 it opened its first boutique in Hamburg, Germany, and opened its first UK shop in London in 2007.[8]
Beales
1881
Public limited company
29
Department store Founded by John Elmes Beale in Bournemouth. The business expanded rapidly during the 2000s, purchasing former Bentalls and Co-operative department stores.
Bellville Sassoon
1953
David Sassoon
1
Ladies' clothing Founded by Belinda Bellville in Knightsbridge, London. David Sassoon joined in 1958 and the name was changed in 1970 from "Bellville".
Belstaff
1924
Labelux Group
1
British designer brand Founded by Eli Belovitch and his son-in-law Harry Grosberg in Staffordshire as a manufacturer of all-weather jackets for motorcyclists. In 2011 the business was purchased by Italian business Labelux, and in 2012 opened a shop in New Bond Street, London.
L.K.Bennett
1990
Private company
99
Ladies' clothing and footwear Linda Kristin Bennett is an English-Icelandic clothing designer who set up the first L. K. Bennett shop in Wimbledon Village in 1990. Bennett sold a 70 per cent stake in the business in 2007 to Phoenix Equity Partners and Sirius Equity, a retail and branded luxury goods investment company.
Berghaus
1966
Pentland Group
7
Outdoor clothing brand and retailer Founded by Peter Lockey and Gordon Davison as LD Mountain Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1972 they launched their own brand of clothing called Berghaus to sell in their shop. In 1993 Pentland Group purchased the business.
Berluti
1895
LVMH
2
Luxury menswear manufacturer and retailer Founded by Alessandro Berluti in Paris, the business was purchased by LVMH in 1993.
Bershka
1998
Inditex Group
5
Fashion retailer Fashion retailer founded by the owners of Zara, the business opened its first UK shop in the Metro Centre in 2004.[9]
Blacks Outdoor Retail
1861
JD Sports Fashion plc Outdoor clothing and footwear Formerly Blacks of Greenock, originally a sail maker, then tent maker, the company became Blacks Camping during the 1980s before becoming Blacks Leisure in 1994. It purchased rival Millets in 1999. It went into a CVA in 2009, before going into administration in 2011 and being purchased by JD Sports Fashion plc.
Blue Inc
1912
Marlow Retail Limited
200
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded as A. Levy & Sons in 1912. Traded under various names including Mr Byrite. Blue Inc name introduced in 2002. Purchased by Marlow Retail Ltd in 2006.
Ozwald Boateng
1995
Private limited company
1
Men's tailors Ozwald Boateng opened his first boutique in Virgo Street, London in 1995. He moved to his current location No. 30 Savile Row in 2008.
Boden
1991
Private company
1
Men's, ladies' and children's clothing Founded by Johnnie Boden in 1991, the business started out offering menswear products. It has since moved into women's and childrenswear selling primarily online in several countries. The business has one physical shop in Park Royal, London and plans to open further UK shops.
Bolongaro Trevor
2006
Private company
9
Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by Kait Bolongaro and Stuart Trevor after they had sold their shares in AllSaints.
Bonmarché
1982
Sun European Partners
240
Ladies' clothing Formed by Parkash Singh Chima after the merging of two clothing business – Wiltex and Hartley, with the first Bonmarché opening in 1985. Acquired by Peacocks in 2002. Sold in January 2012 to Sun European Partners.
Hugo Boss
1924
Public limited company Men's and ladies' fashion Founded by Hugo Boss as a clothing manufacturer in Stuttgart. The first UK shop opened in 1996 after Moss Brothers purchased the franchise. In April 2011 Moss Brother sold the franchise and its shop back to Hugo Boss.
Bottega Veneta
1966
Kering
1
Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that opened its first UK shop in Sloane Street, London in 2002.[10]
Boux Avenue
2011
Theo Paphitis
9
Lingerie retailer Founded by Theo Paphitis, the name is inspired by a French waitress who served Paphitis when holidaying with his family in France. The retailer opened its first shop in Spring 2011.
Brandy Melville Private company
2
American designer brand American designer brand worn by celebrities Miley Cyrus, Ashley Benson, Karlie Kloss, Taylor Swift, Vanessa Hudgens, and several famous YouTubers.[11]
Bravissimo
1995
Private limited company
21
Ladies' underwear Formed by Sarah Tremellen and Hannah Griffiths as a mail order business in 1995. In 1999 they opened their first shop in Ealing.
Ellis Brigham
c. 1930s
Private company
34
Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded by Frederick Ellis Brigham started out by making walking boots and cycling shoes, opening his first shop in Harpurhey. The business continues to be owned by the Brigham family.
Brooks Brothers
1818
Retail brand alliance
4
Menswear Founded as H. & D. H. Brooks & Co. in Manhattan, US, was rebranded Brooks Brothers after founder Henry's sons took charge of the business. From 1988 to 2001 the business was owned by Marks and Spencers. In 2006 the business opened its first UK shop in Old Broad Street, London.[12]
Browns of York Private company
4
Department store Founded over 100 years ago, the Helmsley shop featured in ITV series Heartbeat.
Burberry
1856
Public company
12
Men's, ladies' and children's clothing brand Luxury fashion brand started by Thomas Burberry in Basingstoke, Hampshire in 1856. The business opened its first London shop in 1891, and changed its name to Burberrys due to the colloquial use of the Burberrys of London name. The business stayed in family hands until Great Universal Shops bought the business in 1955. In 1998 the business changed its name back to Burberry, and in 2002 the business was floated on the London Stock market, with Great Universal Shops selling their final share in 2005.
Burtons
1904
Arcadia Group
400
Men's clothing and footwear Founded by Montague Burton as The Cross-tailoring Company. Was once a member of FTSE 100, but now a brand name of the Arcadia Group.
Cad and the Dandy
2008
James Sleater, Ian Meiers
2
Men's tailors Founded in 2008 as a tailoring brand, the business opened its first shop in 2009.
Calzedonia The Calzedonia Group Lingerie retailer Italian lingerie retailer that opened its first UK shop in 2011.[13]
Camper
1975
Private Spanish footwear manufacturer and retailer Founded by Lorenzo Fluxà Rosselló in Spain from a Spanish shoe manufacturer, opening its first shop in Barcelona in 1981.
Vince Camuto Kurt Geiger
1
American designer shoes Founded by the former Nine West designer, the sister brand of Kurt Gieger opened its first UK shop in 2013.[14]
Canali
1934
Private company
1
Men's clothing Founded as a men's clothing business in Italy by Giacomo Canali and Giovanni Canali. In 1996 Moss Brothers purchased the franchise rights for opening Canali shops in the UK, and opened its flagship shop on New Bond Street in 2000. In 2010 Moss Brothers relinquished the Canali franchise and re-branded the shops under other brands they operated.
Carven
1945
Private company
1
French designer ladieswear Founded by Carven Mallet in Paris as a Haute Couture house.[15] Opened its first UK shop, in a licence agreement with Club 21, in 2013.[16]
Chanel
1909
Private French designer brand Founded by Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel, also known as Coco. Opened boutiques during the 1980s.
Cheap Monday
2000
H & M
1
Swedish jeans Started by Örjan Andersson and Adam Friberg as a secondhand jeans shop in Stockholm, before starting selling their own clothing in 2004. In 2008 H & M bought the parent company Fabric Scandinavien AB, and the first UK shop opened in Carnaby Street, London in 2012.[17]
Chester Barrie
1935
Prominent Europe
1
Men's tailors Founded in 1935 by Simon Ackerman. At one time owned by Austin Reed.
Chittleborough & Morgan
1981
1
Men's tailors Founded in 1981 as a bespoke tailor with no off the peg suits.
Jimmy Choo
1996
JAB Holding
5
Designer ladies' footwear Founded by Jimmy Choo, a bespoke footwear designer in the East End of London along with Vogue accessories editor Tamara Mellon. Owned by JAB Holding since 2011. First shop opened in Motcomb Street in 1996. Also operate concessions within department stores.
Church's
1873
2
Footwear Founded by Thomas Church and his three sons. Owned by Prada in the late 1990s, the business was expanded internationally. Supplied shoes used during Pierce Bronsan's tenure as James Bond.
Clarks
1825
Private limited company Footwear Founded by Cyrus & James Clark in Street, Somerset. 84 per cent of the business is still owned by the Clark family. It started retailing its own products in 1937 using initially the Peter Lord name.
Cloggs.co.uk
1979
JD Sports Fashion plc
3
Footwear Founded in 1979 by Russell Thomas in Oasis Market, Birmingham. Went into administration in 2012 but was purchased by JD Sports Fashion plc in early 2013.
Coach, Inc.
1941
Public company
5
Men's and women's fashionwear Founded as a leatherworking workshop on 34th Street, Manhattan, NY, US. The business opened its first UK shop in Sloane Square in the 1990s, as well as a shop in a shop inside Harrods. However this was not successful due to the weakness of the pound and the business pulled out of the UK.[18] In 2010 Coach Inc signed a joint venture deal with Hackett to distribute their goods in UK, Spain, Portugal and Ireland as well as open standalone shops and concessions. In 2011 the first standalone shop was opened in New Bond Street, London.[19]
COS
2007
H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB
14
Fashion brand Collection of Style was first shown at a Royal Academy catwalk show in 2007, with the first shop opening in Regent Street, London in March of the same year.[20] The business is positioned upmarket of parent H & M
Cotswold Outdoor
1974
70
Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in a garage next to the Cotswold Water Park selling basic camping equipment. Has operated as Cotswold Camping, Cotswold The Outdoor People and Cotswold Essential Outdoors
Corneliani
1958
Corneliani family
1
Italian menswear manufacturer and retailer Founded as a coat manufacturer in Italy, the business opened its first UK shop on the site of Beale & Inman at 131–132 New Bond Street in 2008.
Cotton Traders
1987
Fran Cotton & Steve Smith
125
Men's and women's clothing Founded by former England Rugby players Fran Cotton and Steve Smith as a mail order rugby shirt retailer based in Altrincham. In 1997 Next purchased 33 per cent share of the business, but this was bought back by the founders in 2014.
Craghoppers
1965
Regatta
4
British outdoor clothing manufacturer and supplier Founded in West Yorkshire, the business was purchased by the Regatta group in 1995. The business operates four outlet shops.
Crockett & Jones
1879
Private company
7
British luxury shoes Founded by Charles Jones and Sir James Crockett in Northampton, England. Daniel Craig's James Bond in Skyfall wore a pair of Crockett & Jones shoes.
Crombie
1805
Private company
3
Men's and women's fashion brand Founded as J&J Crombie Ltd by John Crombie and his son James in Aberdeen, Scotland as a manufacturer. The business started making coats under their own label, and eventually retailing at three UK locations and 40+ stockists worldwide.
DAKS
1894
Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited
2
Men's and ladies' fashion brand Founded as S. Simpson by Simeon Simpson was a manufacturer of bespoke tailoring based in London. In 1935 Simeon's son Alexander invented the first supporting trouser, and branded it DAKS. In 1936 Alexander opened the first Simpsons shop—Simpsons of Piccadilly—to sell the company's clothing. In 1991 the business was sold to Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited, who at the turn of the century moved the shop from Piccadilly to Old Bond Street and renamed the business DAKS.
W. J. Daniel & Co.
1901
Private company
3
Department store Founded by Walter James Daniel in Oxford and is a royal warrant holder.
Davies and Son
1803
Alan Bennett
1
Men's tailoring Founded in Hanover Street in 1803, it moved to its current location in Savile Row in 1986. Owns several other tailoring companies—Bostridge and Curties and Watson, Fargerstrom and Hughes, Johns and Pegg, James and James, Wells of Mayfair and Fallan & Harvey.
Debenhams
1778
Public limited company
178
Department store Founded by William Clark in 1778 at Wigmore Street, London. Since 1993 the business has the 'Designers at Debenhams' brand, which sees designer clothing at High Street prices, with designers including Jasper Conran, John Rocha, Betty Jackson Black, Butterfly by Matthew Williamson, H! by Henry Holland, Star by Julien Macdonald, Frost French, Erickson Beamon, Eric Van Peterson, Janet Reger, Pip Hackett, Melissa Odabash, Ted Baker, St George by Duffer, Jeff Banks, and Ben de Lisi.
Decathlon
1976
17
Sports clothing and footwear Founded in Lille, France. Came to the UK in 1999.
Dege & Skinner
1865
Skinner family
1
Men's tailors Founded as J. Dege & Sons, William Skinner Jnr. joined the firm in 1916. Name changed to Dege & Skinner after the Skinner family took control.
Desigual
1984
Private company Spanish fashion brand Founded by Swiss Thomas Meyer in Ibiza, Spain as a fashion brand, the first shop opened in Spain in 1986. The business opened its first UK shop in 2010.
Diesel
1978
OTB Group
17
Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that opened its first UK retail shop in 1996.
Diesel Black Gold
2008
OTB Group
1
Italian designer brand Designer brand launched in 2008 by Diesel, with its first shop opening in Conduit Street, London in 2014.[22]
Dior
1946
Groupe Arnault SAS
5
French designer brand Founded as a fashion house in Paris, the business has five standalone shops and several concessions spread across London.
Dolce & Gabbana
1985
Private company
5
Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that operates five shops and a concession in London.
Dorothy Perkins
1909
Arcadia Group
600[23]
Ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in 1909 as H. P. Newman, the shop changed its name to Dorothy Perkins in 1919. Purchased from the Farmer family in 1979 by Burtons.
Dr. Martens
1947
Permira
23
Footwear brand Founded as a shoe design by Dr. Karl Märtens in Munich, the design was licensed to British shoe manufacturer R. Griggs Group Ltd who anglicised the name, changed the heel and added trademark yellow stitching. In 1994 the business opened its first shop in Covent Garden. In 2013 the business was purchased by Permira.
Drake's
1977
Michael Hill & Mark Cho
2
Men's shirt and tie manufacturer Founded by Michael Drake as a scarf manufacturer. They went on to make ties, pocket squares and shirts. They opened their flagship shop in Clifford Street in 2011.
DSquared2
1994
Private company
1
Designer brand Founded by Dean and Dan Caten with funding from employers Diesel. The UK shop opened in March 2015.
Duchamp
1989
Private company
2
Men's clothing Founded by Mitchell Jacobs in Suffolk as a cufflink brand. Opened first boutique in Notting Hill, London in 1998. In 2006 Mitchell Jacobs sold the business.
Ducker & Son
1898
Private limited company
1
Footwear Founded by Edward Ducker in Oxford, where they are still based. Appeared in the film Atonement and has many well-known customers.
Dunnes Stores
1944
Dunne family
19
Men's, ladies' and children's clothing and footwear Founded by Ben Dunne in Cork, Ireland as a drapery. Became a full line department store opening its first UK store in the 1970s.
DW Sports Fitness
2009
Whelan family
60
Sports clothing Founded by Dave Whelan in March 2009 after purchasing 50 JJB Sports Fitness clubs and their attached sports shop.

E–H

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
ECCO
1963
Privately owned company
46
Footwear retailer Danish footwear manufacturer and retailer started in Bredebro by Karl Toosbuy. The first ECCO shops in the UK were franchises run by former Clarks executive Michael Fiennes, who grew the number of shops to 17 by 1999, before ECCO took over the running of the brand's shops.[24]
Ede & Ravenscroft
1689
Private limited company
6
Men's tailors The company was founded in 1689 by William and Martha Shudall. The present name dates from 1902 and is a result of the inheriting of the business by Joseph Ede and then merging with wig-maker Ravenscroft. They have three shops in London, and also in Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh. The company holds the Royal warrant as "Purveyors to the British Royal Family" as robemakers to the Queen, Prince Philip and Prince Charles.
Edinburgh Woollen Mill
1970
Edinburgh Woollen Mill Ltd
192
Men's and ladies' clothing Created by the Langholm Dyeing and Finishing Company. First shop opened Randolph Place, Edinburgh.
Elevate Your Sole
2013
Private Company
3
Footwear and ladies clothing Founded by Hal Holmes-Pierce in High Street, Prestatyn, 2020.
Emmett London
1992
Private company
4
Men's shirt maker and retailer Founded by Robert Emmett in Kings Road, London in 1992.
English Cut
2001
1
Men's tailor Founded by Thomas Mahon, who had previously started Steed Bespoke Tailors. Known to provide suits for the Prince of Wales.
Etro
1968
Private company
1
Italian designer brand Italian designer brand started by Gimmo Etra. The business opened its first stand alone UK shop in August 2011.[25]
Evans
1930
Arcadia Group
180[26]
Ladies' clothing Founded in 1930 by manufacturer Jack Green. Purchased by Burtons in 1970.
Timothy Everest
1989
Timothy Everest
1
Men's tailors Welsh bespoke tailor and designer who started out on his own in 1989, opening his first shop in London in 1993.
Nicole Farhi
1982
Private limited company
2
Men's and ladies' clothing Started as a high end fashion label within French Connection. In 2010 sold by French Connection to Opengate Connection, but in 2013 the business went into administration. The business was saved by Maxine Hargreaves-Adams, the daughter of Matalan founder John Hargreaves.[27]
Fat Face
1988
Bridgepoint Capital
209
Men's, ladies' and children's clothing Founded by Tim Slade and Jules Leaver as a business selling T-shirts at ski resorts, the business opened its first retail shop in 1993. In 2007 the business was acquired by Bridgepoint Capital.
Fendi
1925
LVMH
4
Italian designer brand Founded in Rome by Edoardo and Adele Fendi as a fur and leather shop. Since 2001 the business has been part of LVMH.
Fenwicks
.
1882
Fenwick family
11
Department store Founded in Newcastle by John James Fenwick. Now operates 11 department stores including subsidiaries Bentalls and William & Griffin.
Field and Trek
1973
Sports Direct
6
Outdoor clothing Founded in 1973, the outdoor clothing and camping specialists had expanded to 11 shops when Sports Direct purchased 60 per cent of the business in 2007.[28]
Flannels 1976 Sports Direct/ Neil Prosser
20
Designerwear Set up by Neil Prosser in Knutsford, Cheshire in 1976 as a menswear shop. In 1994 they expanded into womenswear. In 2012 Sports Direct bought a 51% share.
Anne Fontaine
1987
Private company
2
French designer brand Founded by Anne Fontaine, with her first boutique opening in Paris in 1994. Famous for white shirts.
Foot Locker
1974
Foot Locker Retail Inc. Sports footwear retailer Founded by Woolworth company, Kinney Shoe Corporation in 1974.
Tom Ford
2006
Private company
1
American designer label Founded by Tom Ford, the former creative director of Gucci and YSL. The first standalone UK shop opened in Sloane Street, London in 2012.[29]
Forever 21
1984
Do "Don" Won Chang (Hangul: 장도원)
7
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear American chain opened in 1984 as Fashion 21. First UK shop opened 2010.[30]
French Connection
1972
PLC
38
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Stephen Marks as a ladies' mid-market brand, the business expanded into menswear in 1976. It now operates over 130 shops across UK & Europe.
Gant
1949
Maus Frères
16
American designer brand Founded as a shirt manufacturer in America, the retail business was started by the former Swedish franchise owner Pyramid Sportswear. The business is now owned by Swiss department store group Maus Frères.
Gap
1969
Gap Inc.
148
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Donald and Doris Fisher in San Francisco in 1969. First UK shop opened in 1987[31]
Garment Quarter
2010
John Reid, Peter Lake, Christopher Atkinson and Michael Barker
1
Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Bristol as an independent fashion boutique.
Kurt Geiger
1963
Sycamore Partners Footwear retailer Founded by Kurt Geiger, an Austrian who opened his first shop in Bond Street, London.
Geox
1995
Private company Footwear and clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded in Italy by Mario Polegato. The second largest shoe manufacturer in the world after Clarks.
Ghost
1984
Touker Suleyman
3
Ladies' fashion brand and boutiques Founded by Tanya Sarne and Katharine Hamnett in London. Started out as a fashion label, it was purchased by Kevin Stanford and investment company Arev and went on to have 32 shops across the UK.[32] The business went into administration in 2008 and was saved by Touker Suleyman. It now operates three shops and several concessions in department stores.
Gieves & Hawkes
1974
Trinity Ltd
5
Men's tailors Founded as two separate companies – Gieves (1887) and Hawkes (1771). Merged after Gieves & Co purchased Hawkes & Co. Based at No. 1 Savile Row.
Goat
2001
Private company
1
Designer lgadieswear Founded by Jane Lewis as a designer knitwear brand, the business opened its first shop at Conduit Street, London.[33]
Greenwoods
1860
Pacific Trend Investment
80
Men's clothing Founded by William Greenwood as a hatters shop. At its peak in the 1990s the business had over 200 shops, but after entering administration in 2009 it now has 80 shops.
Grenson
1866
Private company
4
British handmade shoes Handmade shoe manufacturer that started by William Green in Rushden, UK. Business was renamed Grenson, as a shortening of William Green & Son in 1913. The business opened its first retail shop in Liverpool Street, London in 2008.[34]
Gucci
1921
Kering
8
Italian designer brand Founded in Florence, Italy by Guccio Gucci. The business operates eight stand-alone shops in the UK and several concessions in department stores.
Guess
1981
Public company
13
American designer brand Founded by Paul and Maurice Marciano in Beverley Hills, Los Angeles US. Guess re-entered the UK market in 2004 with a shop in Covent Garden.[35]
H&M
1946
H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB
240
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Sweden by Erling Persson, with the first UK shop opening in 1976 – its first outside of Scandinavia. Originally traded as Hennes in UK.
Hackett London
1979
M1 and by LVMH subsidiary – L Capital Asia
13
Men's clothing Founded by Jeremy Hackett and Ashley Lloyd-Jennings from a stall on London's Portobello Road, with the first shop opening in Kings Road, Chelsea. Operates 13 shops in UK plus concessions, which is a total of 77 shops across 16 countries.
Harrods
1834
Qatar Holdings
1
Department store Upmarket department store in Knightsbridge, London which was founded by Charles Henry Harrod.
Harvey Nichols
1831
Dickson Concepts
7
Department store Founded by Benjamin Harvey as a linen shop within a house on the corner of Sloane Street and Knightsbridge. In 1991 Dickson Concepts purchased the business from the Burton Group, and expanded the business to 14 shops across the world.
Hawes & Curtis
1913
Low Profile Holdings
25
Men's clothing The company was founded by two outfitters, Ralph Hawes and Freddie Curtis, who opened the first shop in Piccadily Arcade at the corner with Jermyn Street, in London in 1913.
Hermès
1837
Public company
5
French designer brand Started as a harness manufacturer by Thierry Hermès. Operates stand alone shops and concessions within department stores.
High and Mighty
1956
J D Williams
17
Large sized clothing Founded as Northern Outsize Menswear by Bernard Levy as a mail order firm. The business opened its first shop on Edgware Road, London in 1959. During the 1970s the business changed its name to High and Mighty. In 2009 the business was purchased out of administration by J D Williams.
Tommy Hilfiger
1985
PVH
8
American fashion brand American designer brand that opened its flagship shop in Brompton Road, London in August 2011.
Hobbs London
1981[36]
Private
60
Ladies' upmarket brand Founded as a shoe brand, the business has expanded to sell a full range of clothing.
Hobbs Sports Jarrolds
1
Independent sports retailer Independent sports retailer based in Cambridge owned by Jarrolds department store.
Hollister
2000
Abercrombie & Fitch
15
Fashion brand Founded by Abercromie & Fitch as a brand aimed at 14- to 18-year-olds, the business opened its first shop in the UK at Brent Cross in October 2008.
Hoopers
1982
Private company
4
Department store Department store chain founded in Torquay. Expanded to take in three former department stores across the UK.
House of Fraser
1849
Sanpower & Mike Ashley
60
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Department store chain founded in Glasgow by Hugh Fraser. In 1948 it was listed on the London Stock Exchange. In 1985 the business was purchased by the Al-Fayed family, but returned as a public company in 1994. In 2006 it was purchased by the Highland consortium, before being purchased by Sanpower.
House of Hackney
2010
Private company
1
Clothing and houseware design house Founded as a print based brand of homewares, the founders Javvy Royle and Frieda Gormley moved into clothing. The British made goods brand opened its flagship shop in Shoreditch High Street in 2013.
T J Hughes
1912
Lewis's Home Retail Ltd
16
Department store Founded as a small shop on Liverpool's London Road, in 1925 the business was offered the former Owen Owen shop for part ownership of the business. In 1992 the business was floated, before being purchased by JJB Sports in 2000. In 2002 the business was purchased by PPM Capital, who had sold the business to Silverfleet Capital in 2003. The business expanded to 57 shops however in 2011 the business was sold to Endless LLP, a turnaround specialist but they put the business into administration in June 2011. Six of the shops and the trading name were purchased from the administrators by Lewis's Home Retail.
William Hunt Private company
1
Men's bespoke tailors Founded by William Hunt, a former professional footballer on the Kings Road, the Savile Row shop opened in 1998.
Hunter
1856
Private company
1
Footwear manufacturer and retailer Founded as the North British Rubber Company by American Henry Lee Norris, the manufacturer of Green Welly boots branched initially into retail in 2006 with a shop in Carnaby Street. However, in 2015 a new shop was opened in Regent Street, London.[37]
Huntsman, Savile Row Tailor
1849
Pierre Lagrange
1
Men's clothing Founded by Henry Huntsman, from previous business H. Huntsman, a breeches maker. One of the founders of the Savile Row Bespoke Association

I–M

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
Donna Ida
2006
Donna Ida
2
Ladies' jean boutiques Founded by Donna Ida in Chelsea, London, the business sells ladies' jeans in its London shops.
Intimissimi
1996
The Calzedonia Group
6
Underwear manufacturer and retailer Italian brand founded in Dossobuono di Villafranca di Verona.
J.Crew
1947
Private
5
Men's, women's and children's clothing and footwear Founded as Popular Merchandise, Inc, during the 1980s the business expanded into the catalogue market with Popular Club Plan. In 1989 the business became J. Crew and opened its first retail shop. Its first UK shop opened in Regents Street in 2011.
Jacamo
2007
N Brown group
0
Men's clothing and footwear Online brand of N Brown Group, which opened its first physical shops in 2011. Dual branded shops with Simply Be.
Jack & Jones
1990[38]
Bestseller
47
Jeanswear Jeanswear firm started by Bestseller in 1990.
Jaegar
1884
Better Capital
45
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Lewis Tomalin as Dr Jaeger's Sanitary Woollen System Co Ltd in 1884, capitalising on a craze for wool-jersey long johns inspired by the theories of German scientist Dr Gustav Jaeger. The company's flagship shop opened on Regent Street in the 1930s.
Richard James
1992
Private company
2
Men's tailors Savile Row tailor shop founded by former British Fashion Council's Menswear and Bespoke Designer of the Year.
JD Sports
1981
PLC – majority shareholder Pentland Group
800
Men's, children's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Started in Bury by John and David Makin. Became a plc in 1996. In 2005 Pentland Group bought out the Makins.
Jigsaw
1972
Robinson Webster (Holdings) Ltd
56
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing The company was started in 1972 by John Robinson and Malcolm Webster.
JoJo Maman Bébé
1993
Private limited company
65
Children's clothing Founded by Laura Tenison as a mail order business.
Jones Bootmaker
1857
Endless LLP
72
Footwear retailer Founded by Alfred Jones in Bayswater, London.
Joseph
1972
18
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Joseph Ettedgui and his family in Kings Road, Chelsea below their hairdressing salon. First large scale retail shop opened in Sloane Street in 1979, designed by Norman Foster. It has been owned by Onward Kashiyama since 2005.
Joules
1977
Private company
92
British fashion and lifestyle brand Founded by Ian Joule as Joule & Sons, the business originally sold branded clothing and accessories at equestrian and country shows. In 1994 the business rebranded as Joules, and in 1999 launched its own clothing collection. In 2000 the brand opened its first shop, in Market Harborough and has since opened 92 branches and several concessions across the UK.
Juicy Couture
1995
Authentic Brands Group
5
American fashion brand Founded in California, initially as Travis Jeans. The first UK shop was opened in 2009 in Bruton Street, London.[39]
Donna Karan New York
1984
LVMH
1
American designer brand Founded by Donna Karan in New York, the business opened its only UK shop in Conduit Street, London in 1997.
Kilgour & French
1882
Fung Group
1
Men's tailors Founded in 1882 as T & F French in Piccadilly, in 1923 French merged with existing Savile Row tailor A. H. Kilgour to form Kilgour & French. Owned by Fung Group since 2013.
The Kooples
2008
Private company
14
French designer shop Started by the Elisha brothers in Paris, the first UK shop opened in 2010.[40] Also operates concessions within Harrods and Selfridges.
Michael Kors
1981
Public American designer brand American designer brand started by Michael Kors in 1981. First UK shop opened in Regent Street, London in 2015.[41]
Lacoste
1933
Maus Frères
11
French clothing company Founded by former French tennis player Rene Lacoste. The UK flagship shop in Brompton Road, London opened in 2012.[42]
Lady Jane
Lady Jane Boutique - Carnaby Street - 1966
1966 Henry Moss & Harry Fox 1 Ladies' fashion boutique Iconic first ladies' fashion boutique opened in Carnaby Street in London. Moss followed this with Sweet Fanny Adams, Pussy Galore & The London Mob. Moss also created some of the original fashion designs.
Karl Lagerfeld
1974
Private
1
German fashion designer brand Founded by the German fashion designer of the same name. Lagerfeld has also been the head designer of Chanel and Fendi. His boutique on Regent Street, London, opened in November 2013.[43]
Lanvin
1889
Harmonie S.A.
1
Men's tailors Founded as a dressmaker in France by Jeanne Lanvin. The menswear shop opened in London in 2008.[44]
Ralph Lauren
1967
Public company
19
American designer brand Founded by Ralph Lauren as a men's tie brand, the first UK shop opened in New Bond Street, London in 1981.
Le Coq Sportif
1882
Public company
1
French sportswear manufacturer Founded by Émile Camuset in France, the business opened its first stand alone shop in the UK in 2013.[45]
Leekes
1897
Private company
7
Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in Rhondda, Wales by James Henry Leeke as a builder's merchants. In the 1970s the business expanded into department stores offering outdoor clothing and footwear.
The Left Shoe Company
1998
Private company
1
Made to measure footwear company Made to measure footwear company based in London, Los Angeles and Helsinki.
T. M. Lewin
1898
Private company
75
Men's shirt retailer Founded by Thomas Mayes Lewin in Jermyn Street. In the 1980s the business started to expand by opening its second shop at Lime Street, London.
John Lewis
1864
John Lewis Partnership
42
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started by John Lewis in Oxford Street, London. In 1920 was incorporated into John Lewis Partnership. Largest department store in volume of revenue.
Lillywhites
1863
Sports Direct
1
Men's, children's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Founded by the Lillywhite family in Haymarket, London. Moved to their current location at 25 Regent Street, London in 1925. Opened shops in numerous city locations. At one time owned by the Forte Group, it was purchased by Jerónimo Martins in 1996. The business struggled in the competitive UK sports market and in 2002 was sold to Sports Direct. Shops were changed to Sports Direct or closed between 2002 and 2012, leaving the Regent Street shop as the sole location.
Phillip Lim
2005
Private company
1
American designer of ladieswear Created by Phillip Lim, an American designer in 2005. The London shop opened in 2013.[46]
Liu·Jo
1995
Private company
1
Italian designer brand Founded by the Marchi brothers in Carpi, Italy.
Henri Lloyd
1963
Private company
9
Manufacturer and retailer of sailing, yachting and golfing apparel Founded by Angus Lloyd and Henri Strzelecki in Manchester. Operates its own shops and concessions in House of Fraser.
Long Tall Sally Clothing
1976
Amery Capital
11
Ladies' clothing The first shop was opened in 1976 on Chiltern Street in the West End of London. The business is a clothing and shoe brand for tall women 5'8" and over.
Loro Piana
c.19th century
LVMH
2
Italian designer brand Started in the 19th century by the Loro Piana family as wool fabric merchants. In 2013 80% of the business was purchased by LVMH.
Christian Louboutin
1991
Private company
3
French designer shoes Founded in Paris, the business operates 3 stand alone shops in London and concessions within Selfridges and Harvey Nicholls.
Lululemon Athletica
1998
Sportswear Founded in Vancouver, Canada in 1998 by Chip Wilson. Opened its first UK shop in Covent Garden in February 2014.
Lyle & Scott
1874
Private company
1
British designer brand Founded as a knitwear firm in the Scottish town of Hawick, the business opened its first retail shop in London in 2005.
M&Co.
1834
Iain McGeoch
270
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackay's name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007.
Mango
1995
Mango MNG Holding
56
Fashion shop Founded by brothers Isak Andic and Nahman Andic in Barcelona.
E. Marinella
1914
Maurizio Marinella
1
Italian designer ties Founded by Eugenio Marinella in 1914 in Naples.
Marks & Spencer
1884
Public limited company
800
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear The company was founded by Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer in 1884 as a penny bazaar in Leeds Kirkgate Market. It now one of the UK's largest clothing retailers and also sells shoes.[47]
Massimo Dutti
1985
Inditex Group
11
Fashionwear retailer Founded as a men's clothing manufacturer in 1985, the business was purchased by Inditex Group in 1991, who expanded the range to women's clothing in 1992. The first UK Shop was opened on Regent Street, London in 2003.[48]
Matalan
1985
John Hargreaves
217[49]
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by John Hargreaves in Preston.
Matches Fashion
c.1990s
4
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded in London, it is now an international retailer with retail shops and an online site.
Max Mara
1951
Private
4
Italian designer brand Founded by Achille Maramotti in Italy. Operates four stand alone shops and concessions in department stores.
McQ
2012
Gucci
1
British fashion designer brand Launched in 2006 as a lower price range to Alexander McQueen, the business opened its first shop in Spitalfields in 2012.
Alexander McQueen
2000
Gucci
2
British fashion designer brand Founded as a fashion house by Alexander McQueen, the business was bought by Gucci in 2000 and opened retail shops across the globe.
Menarys
1923
Alexander family
20
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Joseph Alexander in Cookstown as a drapery. In 1970s bought Menary Brothers and changed the group name to this. Now operates as a department store.
Mexx
1986
Eroglu Holding
17
Men's, women's and children's clothing and accessories Started by fashion designer Rattan Chadha and his business partners PK Sen Sharma, Adu Advaney, Suveer Arora, Ronny Lemmens, Horatio Ho and Arun Mehta in the 1970s as a supplier of clothes for department and wholesale shops in the Netherlands. In 1980 they created two popular clothing brands—"Moustache" for men and "Emanuelle" for women, and in 1986 brought these together a M (from Moustache) + E (from Emanuelle) + XX (an abbreviation for "kiss kiss") to create MEXX. In the UK the business has 17 shops mainly in Northern Ireland.
Karen Millen
1981
Private limited company
84
Founded by Karen Millen and Kevin Stanford. First shop opened in 1983. Bought by Mosaic Fashions, owners of Oasis in 2004. Mosaic went into administration in 2009. Bought out by the management team under Aurora Fashions. Karen Millen was split off as an independent company in 2011.
Miss Selfridge
1966
Arcadia Group
170+
Ladies' clothing Founded as the young fashion section of Selfridges department store by Charles Clore. Later opened in Lewis department stores and as separate shops. In 1999 Miss Selfridge was purchased by Arcadia Group as part of Sir Philip Green's purchase of Sears plc.
Monsoon
1973
Peter Simon
400
Children's and ladies' clothing Started by Peter Simon in Portabello Road market in 1972, opening his first Monsoon shop in 1973.
Moschino
1983
Public company
1
Italian designer brand Founded in Milan by Franco Moschino.
Moss Bros Group
1851
Public company
150+
Men's clothing Founded by Moses Moss in Covent Garden. Has owned several brands including the UK retail arm of Hugo Boss.
Mothercare
1961
Public company
79
Ladies' maternity and children's clothing and footwear Founded by Selim Zilkha & Sir James Goldsmith are purchasing 50-shop W. J. Harris nursery furniture chain. Became a public company in 1972. Merged with Habitat in 1982, and then BHS in 1986 to form Shophouse plc. Purchased Children's World from Boots in 1996 and rebranded Mothercare World. In 1999 Shophouse changed its name to Mothercare plc after the sale of BHS to Sir Philip Green.
Mountain Warehouse
1997
Mark Neale
160
Men's, ladies' and children's outdoor clothing and footwear Started life as retail arm of Karrimor. Name changed to Mountain Warehouse after sale of Karrimor in 1999. Business changed hands in 2002; 2007; 2010 and finally in 2013 to its former founder Mark Neale.

N–P

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
Nanook Private company
2
Ladies' independent boutique Ladies' boutique specializing in Italian design, based in Suffolk.[50]
Nevisport
1970
Jacobs & Turner Ltd
12
Men's, children's and ladies' outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in Fort William by Ian A. Sykes MBE and Ian D. Sutherland. Acquired by Jacobs & Turner in 2007.
New Look
1969
Brait SA
569[51]
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started in Taunton by Tony Singh. Purchased by Brait SA in May 2015.
Next
1982
Next plc
511
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started in 1982 after the purchase of Kendall & Sons Ltd by clothing manufacturer Joseph Hepworth. In 1984 J Hepworth & Son changes its name to NEXT plc.
Nine West
1973
4
Footwear retailer Founded in New York in 1973.
Jane Norman
1955
Edinburgh Woollen Mills
0
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Norman Freed in 1955, the business was sold to Graphite Capital in 2002 for £70m. In 2005 it was purchased by Bagur before going into administration in 2011. Edinburgh Woollen Mills bought the brand and 33 of its 116 shops, but in 2014 the business again was put into administration and bought out in a pre-packaged deal by Edinburgh Woollen Mills. All shops were closed and the business now operates concessions in department stores and online.
Norton & Sons
1821
Patrick Grant
1
Men's tailors Norton & Sons is a Savile Row bespoke tailor founded in 1821 by Walter Grant Norton. The firm is located at 16 Savile Row.
Nudie Jeans
2001
Private company
2
Swedish designer jeans brand Founded as a subsidiary of Svenska Jeans AB by Maria Erixon in 2001, opening its first shop in Soho, London in 2014.
Oasis
1991
Aurora Fashions
300
Ladies' clothing Floated in 1995, in 2001 business was purchased by a management buyout. A second buyout occurred in 2004. This buyout called Mosaic Fashions went into administration in 2009. Bought out by another management team under Aurora Fashions.
Office
1981
Silverfleet Capital
99
Men's and ladies' footwear Formed as a concession in Hyper Hyper, before opening its first shop in 1984.
Offspring
1996
Silverfleet Capital
6
Men's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Fashion sports shops created by Office.
The Original Factory Shop
1969
Duke Street Capital
190
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Discounter starting life by selling soap overmade by one of founder Peter Blacks factories.
Orlebar Brown
2007
Private company
5
Menswear Swimwear designer brand started in March 2007.[52]
Orvis
1856
Private
19
Outdoor clothing Founded in America by Charles F. Orvis, the family-owned retail and mail-order business specialises in high-end fly fishing, hunting and sporting goods.
Outfit
1995
Arcadia Group
70
Men's and ladies' clothing Opened by Sears plc in Reading, the shop sold the brands of Sears plc in out of town locations. Purchased by Sir Philip Green in 1999, and became part of Arcadia Group.
Pal Zileri
1980
Private company
1
Italian designer menswear Founded by Gianfranco Barizza and Aronne Miola and named after an ancient building in the historic centre of Vicenza.
Pavers Shoes
1971
Private limited company
100
Footwear retailer Family owned business started in York by Catherine Paver, initially as shoe parties. First shop opened in Scarborough.
Peacocks
1884
Edinburgh Woollen Mill Ltd
388
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started as Peacocks Penny Bazaar in Warrington. Went public in 1999, before a management buyout in 2005. Went into administration in 2012 before being purchased by Edinburgh Woollen Mill.
N.Peal
1936
Adam Holdsworth
11
Luxury cashmere knitwear and accessories specialist Founded by Nat Peal in 1936 as a men's haberdashery in London's Burlington Arcade. In 2007 the business was purchased by Adam Holdsworth and Nick Falkingham.
Pep&Co
2015
Pepkor UK
50
Clothing discounter Founded by Andy Bond, a former Asda executive and South African retail business Pepkor. The business opened 50 shops in 50 days.
Phase Eight
1979
Private limited company
106
Women's clothing Founded by Patsy Seddon at Wandsworth Common, London.
Thomas Pink
1984
LVMH
31
Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by brothers James, Peter and John Mullen as a specialist shirt company based in London. In 2011 the business opened its first shops in Washington DC, Edinburgh, and a concession within Harrods in London.
Pinko
c.1980s
[53]
Private company
1
Italian designer brand Founded in the early 1980s by Pietro Negra and Cristina Rubini, the business operates one stand alone shop and concessions within Harvey Nicholls and Harrods.
Henry Poole & Co
1806
Angus & Simon Cundey
1
Men's tailors Opened in Brunswick Square, London before moving to Savile Row in 1846. Moved to Cork Street in 1961 before returning to Savile Row in 1982.
Poste
2000
Office Holdings Men's footwear retailer Upmarket boutique footwear retailer started by Office.
Poste Mistress
2001
Office Holdings Women's footwear retailer Upmarket boutique footwear retailer started by Office.
Prada
1913
Public company
3
Italian designer brand Founded by Mario Prada in Milan, Italy. The business operates three stand alone shops and concessions in several department stores.
Pretty Eccentric
2009
1
Ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in 2009 by Michelle Scott.
Primark
1969
Associated British Foods
167
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Opened by Arthur Ryan in Dublin as Penneys. Opened first UK shop in Belfast in 1971.
Pull & Bear
1986
Inditex Group
7
Fashionwear retailer Founded as New Wear S.a. in Naron, Galicia, Spain in 1986. The business became part of Inditex Group who rebranded the business as Pull & bear in 1991,[54] and opened its first UK shop in 2008.[55]


Q–S

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
QD stores
1984
QD Commercial Group Holdings
25
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Norwich under the name Quality Discounts. Multi-range discounter. Some shops have in shop Brantano concessions.
Red Wing Shoes
1905
Private company
1
American footwear manufacturer Founded in Red Wing, Minnesota by Charles H. Beckman, the business operates a stand-alone shop in London selling their own brand of shoes.
Reebok
1895
Adidas Sports clothing and footwear Founded as running shoe company J W Foster & Sons, the business opened its first stand alone shop in 2004 in Covent Garden, London.[56] The business was bought by Adidas in 2005. In 2011 Reebok opened its new retail concept Reebok Fithub.
Reiss
1971
Reiss family
56
Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by the Reiss family in 1971, the business operates 56 shops and several concessions across the UK.
Rigby & Peller
1939
Van de Velde
7
Ladies' underwear Ladies' underwear retailer founded in 1939 by Hungarian immigrant Gita Peller and Bertha Rigby, an English corsetière at South Molton Street in London's West End. In 2011 87 per cent of the business was purchased by Belgium manufacturer Van de Velde.
Marina Rinaldi
1980
Max Mara
1
Italian designer ladies' brand Founded by the Italian Max Mara company as a plus size designer brand, the business operates one stand alone UK shop and concessions within several department stores.
River Island
1947
Lewis Trust Group
248
Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops being re-branded by 1991.
Rohan
1972
The Cann Trust
61
Outdoor clothing retailer and manufacturer Founded by Paul Howcroft and his wife Sarah, the business was purchased by Clarks in 1988. In 1996[24] it was sold to a management buyout, before changing hands again in 2001. In 2007 the business was purchased by The Cann Trust and Colin Fisher.
Rohmir
2007
Private company
1
French designer brand Founded in Monaco by Olga Roh. The only UK shop is based in London.
Rupert and Buckley
2011
Private limited company
3
University focused brand Founded by James Buckley Thorp as an upmarket brand aimed at University students. In 2014 they opened their flagship shop at 5 Burton Street, Bath.
Russell & Bromley
1873
Private limited company
43
Footwear retailer Founded in 1873 by the marriage of George Bromley to his employers daughter Elizabeth Russell, with the first shop carrying the name in Eastbourne. Opened its first Bond Street shop in 1947.
Sonia Rykiel
1962
Private company
1
French designer brand Founded by Sonia Rykiel in Paris, the business was 80 per cent purchased by Fung Brands in 2012.
Sainsbury's
1869
Publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange
1203
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Sainsburys started selling clothes in its jointly run Savacentres (with BHS). In 2004 it launched its TU clothing range
The Savoy Taylors Guild Moss Brothers Group Men's tailors Men's tailors founded next door to the Savoy Hotel, which was purchased by Cecil Gee, before becoming part of Moss Brothers in 1988. In 2000 many of the Guild shops were converted to the new Code brand created by Moss Brothers, however by 2002 the Code name was dropped, and Savor Taylor Guild became the business' upmarket brand.[57]
Scabal
1938
Private company
1
Men's tailors Founded as a cloth merchant, the textile manufacturer produces and retails suits, jackets and shirts.
Schuh
1981
Genesco
118
Fotwear retailer Founded in Edinburgh by Sandy Alexander, it remained as an independent business until it was purchased by a plc. In 1990 a management buyout occurred before being purchased by Genesco, a US footwear retailer in 2011.
Scotch & Soda
c.1980s
Private company
2
Dutch designer brand Dutch designer brand that opened its first UK shop in London in 2012.[58]
Maurice Sedwell
1938
Andrew Ramroop
1
Men's tailors Founded by Maurice Sedwell in Fleet Street, the business moved to 9 Savile Row in 1963. In 1988 Maurice Sedwell retired selling the business to his employee Andrew Ramroop. The business moved to 19 Savile Row in 1994.
Edward Sexton
1969
Edward Sexton Men's tailors Nutters of Savile Row was opened on Valentine's Day 1969 by Tommy Nutter and Edward Sexton, who had worked together at Donaldson, Williamson & Ward. Nutter left business in 1976, but Edward Sexton continues to run the business changing the name in 1982.
Ben Sherman
1963
Oxford Industries Inc.
5
British menswear brand Founded by Arthur Benjamin Sugarman in Brighton, the business opened its first shop in the city in 1967. The business was purchased by Oxford Industries in 2004 from 3i and Enterprise Equities and discontinued the ladies' and children's wear ranges in 2010.
Shoe Zone
1917
Smith family
500
Footwear retailer Originally called Bensonshoe, the business was first renamed to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996 before becoming Shoe Zone in 2001. In 2007 they purchased Shoefayre chain from Co-Op, and added the Stead & Simpson business after purchasing it from administrators in 2008.
Simply Be N Brown group
15
Ladies' clothing and footwear Online brand of N Brown Group, which opened its first physical shops in 2011. Dual branded shops with Jacamo.
Slaters
1973
Private limited company
25
Menswear Founded in Glasgow, Scotland by Samuel Slater, the business is still owned by the Slater family.
John Smedley
1784
Private company
1
British designer knitwear Founded as Lea Mills in 1784 by John Smedley and Peter Nightingale, it was in 1825 when John Smedley's son John took over the running of the business and started making clothing not just cloth. Operates a shop in Brook Street, London and concessions in several department stores.
Paul Smith
1970
Private company
17
Men's, children's and ladies' fashion brand Founded by Paul Smith in Nottingham as Paul Smith Vêtements pour Hommes, a men's tailor. He opened his first shop in Covent Garden in 1979. The business now operates 17 shops in England.[59]
Sock Shop
1983
Private company
1
Sock retailer Founded as a specialist sock retailer by Sophie Mirman and Richard P. Ross. The business expanded to shops across the UK, US and Europe. However the business entered administration in 1990, and although was purchased by a consortium it struggled and after another period of administration it became part of the Facia group. This group failed in 1996, and between then and 2006 had a further three owners. The business had closed all of its shops but has since opened a shop in the Arndale Centre in Manchester and has concessions in various Mill outlets and department stores.
SOLETRADER
1962
Private company
40
Footwear retailer Founded as Top Footwear for Men in St. Albans, the business changed its name to SOLETRADER in 1992.[60]
Sports Direct
1982
Public limited company
470
Sportswear Founded as Mike Ashley Sports in Maidenhead, the business changed its name to Preston Sports in 1984. In 1995–96 the business changed its name to Sports Soccer. In 2002 the business purchased rival Lillywhites, and in 2005 the business was again re-branded as Sports World, with a further change occurring in 2007 to Sports Direct. In 2012 it purchased the JJB brand name and 20 of it shops.
Steed Bespoke Tailors
1995
Private company
1
Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Edward DeBoise and Thomas Mahon. Thomas Mahon left the business in 2002 and in 2008 Edward was joined by his son Matthew.
Store Twenty One 1932
2006
Private company
200
Men's, ladies' and childrenswear Created by Grabal Alok, the Indian-owned textile manufacturer that had bought the remnants of QS Shops and Bewise chains that had gone into administration. In July 2016, it was proposed and agreed that a company voluntary arrangement should be taken. In May 2017 Store Twenty One entered administration for the second time due to poor trading. The company was placed into liquidation in July 2017 and all remaining stores closed.
Stowers Bespoke
2007
Private company
1
Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Ray & Chris Stowers; Ray had previously worked for Gieves & Hawkes for 25 years.[61]
Stradivarius
1994
Inditex Group
1
Womenswear Founded as a family owned business in Barcelona, the business became part of the Inditex group in 1999. The first shop in the UK opened in Westgate, Stratford in 2014.[55]
Sunspel
1860
Private company
7
British designer label Sunspel was founded in 1860 as a manufacturer of clothing by Thomas Hill, and claims to be the first fashion retailer to produce the T-shirt style clothing top.
Superdry
1985
Public limited company Men's, ladies' and children's fashion brand Founded as Cult Clothing by Ian Hibbs and Julian Dunkerton in Cheltenham. During the 1990s the business expanded into a number of UK university towns and cities, before opening their first Superdry shop in Covent Garden in 2004.
Sweaty Betty
1998
Private company
32
Sportswear Founded by Tamara and Simon Hill-Norton with one boutique in London's Notting Hill selling ladies' activewear, by 2003 the business had expanded to five shops.

T–Z

[edit]
Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes
Tempest Alexander family
11
Ladies' clothing and footwear Young ladies' fashion shop located in Northern Ireland and owned by Menarys department store chain
Tesco
1919
Publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange
3561
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear First started selling clothes in 1960.
Tessuti
1985
Private company Menswear retailer Founded as a luxury clothing menswear retailer in the North West of England,[62] Fifty per cent of the business was purchased by JD Sports in 2012 who added five of their Cecil Gee branches to the chain.[63]
Thresher & Glenny
1755
Private company
1
Tailors and shirtmakers Founded in 1755 after a merger of older business. Operates in Middle Temple Lane, London.
Tiger of Sweden
1903
IC Group
1
Swedish menswear brand Founded in the Swedish town of Uddevalla by Markus Schwarmann and Hjalmar Nordstrom, the business has been owned by IC Group since 2003. The business opened its first UK shop in 2013 in London.[64] It also operates concessions within Selfridges department stores.
Timberland
1973
VF Corporation
34
Footwear and clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded as a brand of The Abington Shoe Company in the US, the business opened its first UK retail shop in 1990 on New Bond Street, London.[65]
TK Maxx
1976
TJX Companies
280
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Opened as TJ Maxx in Framingham, Massachusetts in 1976. Opened first UK shop in Bristol in 1994 under TK Maxx name to not confuse itself with discount department store TJ Hughes.
Toast French Connection plc / Seaton Family
11
Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started by Jessica and Jamie Seaton in Wales in 1997 as a mail order pyjama company.[66][67] French Connection purchased 75% of the company in 2000.
Tod's
1920
Public company
2
Italian footwear retailer Italian designer footwear retailer
Topshop
1964
Arcadia Group
300
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded in 1964 as the young ladies' fashion department in the Peter Robinson department store. Split off from Peter Robinson as a separate business (by owners Burton Group) in 1973.
C J Townrow & Sons
1871
Private company
4
Department store Department store founded in Braintree that now operates in Essex and Cambridgeshire.
Trespass
1984
Jacobs and Turner Ltd
150+
Outdoor clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded by Jacobs & Turner, a workwear company operating since 1938, as a brand to move into specialist skiwear and outdoor clothing. The retail business was started in the 1990s.
Turnbull & Asser
1885
Ali Fayed
1
Men's shirtmaker Founded in 1885 by Reginald Turnbull and Ernest Asser, a salesman, in St. James in West London. In 1903 they moved to their Jermyn Street location. The business was purchased by Ali Fayed younger brother of Mohamed Al-Fayed, former owner of Harrods, in 1986.
Tuxedo Junction
1995
Private company
2
Tailor and weddings Founded in Gloucester and Cirencester.[68]
Charles Tyrwhitt
1986
Private company
17
Men's outfitter Founded as a mail order business by Nicholas Charles Tyrwhitt Wheeler, the business opened its first shop in Jermyn Street, London in 1997.
UGG Australia
1978
Deckers Outdoor Corporation
8
American footwear design brand Founded by Brian Smith in California, the business was purchased by Deckers Outdoor Corporation in 1995.
Uniqlo
1949
Fast Retailing Ltd.
10
Japanese clothing retailer UNIQLO is a clothing apparel company, which was founded in Yamaguchi, Japan, in 1949 as a textiles manufacturer. The company opened its first shop in the UK in 2001.
United Colours of Benetton
1965
Benetton Group S.r.l.
3
Designer brand Designer brand started by Luciano Benetton in Treviso, which opened shops around the world. Currently only shops in Northern Ireland are operated by Benetton.
Urban Outfitters
1970
Public limited company
28
American fashion retailer Founded in 1970 by Richard Hayne, Scott Belair, and Gabriel Tham-Morrobel, the American fashion chain opened its first UK shop in 1998.[69]
USC
1989
Sports Direct
58
Men's and ladies' clothing Opened as a sports retailer in Edinburgh. Bought by Sir Tom Hunter in 2004. Purchased fully by Sports Direct in 2012. Defunct retailer Republic merged into USC in 2013. Went into Administration in 2015. Business bought by a Sports Direct holding company Republic Retail Ltd in 2015
Anna Valentine
1986
Private company
1
London fashion house London Fashion house founded as Robinson Valentine, named after its founders Antonia Robinson and Anna Valentine. When Antonia Robertson left the business the brand became Anna Valentine.
John Varvatos
1999
Lion Capital/John Varvatos
1
American designer brand Founded by the former head of design at Calvin Klein & Ralph Lauren, the US designer brand opened its first UK shop in 2014 in Conduit Street.[70]
Vero Moda
1987
Bestseller Women's fashion brand Founded in Denmark in 1987,[71] the business owned by Bestseller opened its first UK standalone shop in Westfield Stratford in 2011.[72]
Victoria's Secret
1977
L Brands
9
Lingerie retailer Founded in America by Roy Raymond, the first UK shop opened in Bond Street in 2012, with its ninth shop opening in Reading in April 2015.[73]
Vilebrequin
1971
Private company
5
French fashion brand Founded by Fred Prysquel as a swimwear company in France, and was named after the French for crankshaft.
Viyella
1961
Austin Reed
7
Ladies' clothing Originally a brand name for a wool and cotton mix, a Viyella fashion retail business was started by its parent company. Owned by Austin Reed since 2009.
Louis Vuitton
1854
LVMH
8
French designer brand French designer brand started by Louis Vuttion as a maker of travel trunks. Its first shop opened in London in 1885.
Amanda Wakeley
1990
Private company
5
British designer brand Founded by Amanda Wakeley in Chelsea as a boutique and brand, the business has since expanded its stand alone shops and operates concessions within Harvey Nicholls shops.
Wall London
1997
Private company
1
Ladies' fashion boutique Founded by Hernán and Judith de Balcázar as a boutique in Notting Hill, London, the business expanded into mail order in 1999 and online sales in 2000.
Wallis
1923
Arcadia Group
400
Ladies' clothing Founded by Raphael Nat Wallis in 1923. The business was purchased by Sears Group in 1980. Became part of Arcadia Group in 1999 following the Sears plc purchase by Sir Philip Green.
Weird Fish
1993
Private company
12
Men's, women's and childrenswear brand Founded by Doug Tilling as a clothing manufacturer of artist T-shirts. In 1999 the business opened its first shops in Cardiff and Bath.[74]
Welsh & Jefferies
1917
James Cottrell
1
Men's tailoring Founded in 1917 on the high street of Eton and became an established military tailor.
Vivienne Westwood Private company
12
British designer label Founded by Vivienne Westwood after the break up of her partnership with Malcolm McClaren, the UK business was franchised to Hervia until 2013.
What Katie Did
1999
Private company
1
Ladies' lingerie Founded by Katie Thomas by selling stockings, the brand first started as an online retailer before opening its first boutique in London's Portobello in 2003. The business now also operates a boutique in Los Angeles.
Whistles
1976
Private limited company
40
Ladies' clothing Founded by Lucille Lewin. Bought by Mosaic Fashions in 2004. Sold to a business led by Jane Shepherdson in 2008.
Whitcomb and Shaftesbury
2004
Private company
1
Men's tailors Founded by Indian brothers Mahesh and Suresh Ramakrishnan and named after the intersection of two nearby streets.
White Stuff
1985
Private company
85
Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by George Treves and Sean Thomas as a clothing manufacturer aimed at skiers. The business changed focus away from the skying market and moved into selling their own goods. By 2014 they operated 85 shops and several concessions within the UK.
Jack Wills
1999
Jack Wills Ltd & Inflexion
69
Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Peter Williams and Robert Shaw at 22 Fore Street, Salcombe. Originally, it was heavily marketed towards university students, using the slogan and trademark "University Outfitters" to reflect the inspiration behind the brand. The "University Outfitters" slogan has slowly been replaced with the more favoured slogan "Fabulously British".
Wolford
1950
Public limited company
66
Lingerie retailer Founded as a manufacturer of women's stockings in Austria. The business operates 66 stand alone shops, 10 shop in a shop and concessions in the UK.[75]
Jack Wolfskin
1981
The Blackstone Group
7
Outdoor wear Manufacturer and retailer Jack Wolfskin is a major German producer of outdoor wear and equipment headquartered in Idstein. It was founded in 1981 and is now owned by the American company The Blackstone Group. Up to now there are more than 600 Jack Wolfskin-Shops worldwide (mid-2012). Almost all of them are organized in a franchise system.
Wynsors World of Shoes
1980s
Courtesy Shoes Limited
40
Footwear retailer Founded by Courtesy Shoes after opening a new shop in the former Wynsor House Discount Carpets shop in Thurcroft. The brand replaced all Courtsey Shoes former brand Medina Shoes.
YMC
1976
French Connection plc
2
Men's and ladies' clothing Created as You Must Create (YMC) in 1995 by Fraser Moss and Jimmy Collins.[76] French Connection purchased the business during the late 1990s.[77]
Z Zegna
c.2000s
Ermenegildo Zegna
2
Italian designer brand Founded by the Zegna family as a younger brand to the main Ermenegildo Zegna brand.
Zara
1975
Inditex
67
Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Amancio Ortega in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. Opened first UK shop in 1998.[78]
Ermenegildo Zegna
1910
Ermenegildo Zegna
3
Italian designer brand Founded as a maker of fabrics in Italy after Ermenegildo Zegna bought his father's mill.

Defunct

[edit]
Defunct clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Rebranded or closed Notes
Abbotts Phitt-Easy Ltd
1937
Chain of shoe shops based mainly in London. In 1937 the business was purchased by K Shoes,[79] who completed a deal with Clarks and split the shops between them, with Clarks keeping eight. Clarks were not allowed to operate them under the Abbotts name, so chose the name Peter Lord. K Shoes operated the remaining shops under their own name.
Adams Childrenswear
1933
2010
Founded by Amy Adams in Birmingham in 1933. Bought By Foster Brother Clothing Co in 1973. Fosters was purchased by Sears plc in 1983. In 1999 Sears was purchased by Sir Philip Green, and the Adams business was sold to a management buyout. The business went first into administration in 2006, being bought out by John Shannon. In 2008 Adams went into administration again and was brought out again by John Shannon. In 2009 the Adams business was sold to the investment group Habib Alvi. In 2010 the business went into administration for the third time and closed.
Addley Bourne Ladies' clothing warehouse of the 19th century, originally based in Piccadilly but then later 174 Sloane Square, London.[80]
Claude Alexander Men's multiple tailor chain based in Scotland with 44 shops, who were bought by United Drapery Shops in 1951.[81] Became part of UDS Tailoring group, along with John Collier and Alexandre Tailors.[82]
Alexandre Tailors
1906
Founded as a manufacturer in 1906 by Samuel Henry Lyons in Templar Lane, Leeds.[83] In 1954 Alexandre was purchased from the family by UDS, with Lyon brothers Bernard and Jack taking on senior management roles at UDS before running the business. Alexandre became part of the UDS Tailoring group along with John Collier and Claude Alexander.[82]
W. A. Allery 19th-century tailors based in Soho Street, London.[84]
Allsports
2005
Chain of sports clothing shops started by David Hughes, which went into administration in 2005 with 267 shops – at the time the fourth largest sports chain.[85] JD Sports purchased the business from the administrator, including the remaining open 177 shops, which they aimed to run as a separate business.[86] However shops were either closed or eventually re-branded to JD Sports.
Alpine Sports
c.1980s
Founded during the 1980s by JJB to concentrate on items for the climbing, hiking, and ski markets. Business was transferred to Blacks Leisure as part of the deal that saw Howard Sports join JJB.[87] Eventually became part of First Sport chain.
Amber Ladieswear Former ladieswear shop located in Briggate, Leeds.[88]
Hardy Amies
1946
2008
Hardy Amies founded his fashion couture business in January 1946 in Savile Row. The business expanded into retail tailoring by selling its own branded goods. In 1973 the business was purchased by Debenhams, however Amies purchased the business back in 1981. In 2001 Luxury Brands Group purchased the business from Amies however by November 2008 it had gone into bankruptcy. The brand name was purchased by Fung Capital, but its 6 retail shops closed as they were not part of the purchase.[89]
Apple Tailoring
1966
1968
Dandie Fashions opened its shop at 161 King's Road, Chelsea in October 1966. In 1968 The Beatles invested in Dandie renaming it Apple Tailoring, but it closed several months later after not making a profit
John Archbold Footwear shop based in Boar Lane, Leeds during the 19th century.[90]
Arnold & Cordwell 19th-century tailors and outfitters based in North End, Croydon.[91]
Mike Ashley Sports
1982
1984
Founded by Mike Ashley in Maidenhead. In 1984 they changed the trading name to Preston Sports.
Astral Sport & Leisure
1955
c.1980s
Founded in 1955,[92] the sports retailer operated concessions within department stores. The business was purchased by House of Fraser in 1978 after getting into financial difficulty[93] and expanded it to include stand alone branches.[94] The business was purchased by Sears during the 1980s and incorporated into their Olympus chain.
Harry Attwood Clothing retailer owned by Great Universal Stores.[95]
Ethel Austin
1934
2013
Started in Liverpool by Ethel Austin from her front room. The business stayed in the family until 2002, when it was purchased by a management buyout. In 2004, the business was bought by ABN-AMRO Capital, however the business entered administration for the first time in 2008. It was purchased by former MK One boss Elaine McPherson in May 2008, but went again into administration in 2010. It was saved again by Ashloch Ltd in 2011, but they went into administration in 2012. The company was liquidated in January 2013.
Austin the Tailor National chain of men's tailors with shops from Dundee, Scotland[96] to Basildon, England.[97][98]
Bacon Shoes
2009
Bacon Shoes was a subsidiary of Stylo plc and was dissolved in September 2009 after the collapse of its parent company.[99]
Baileys Menswear Menswear shop based in Briggate, Leeds during the 1970s.[100]
James Baker Small chain of shoe shops purchased by Clarks in 1977.[101]
Bambers Ladies' fashion shop that expanded in the 1960s.[102]
Bank Shops
1994
2015
Founded by former Macclesfied footballer Andy Scott,[103] the business was bought by JD Sports in 2007.[104] In November 2014 the struggling business was sold to Hilco Capital, however in January 2015 the business was put into administration.[citation needed]
Kate Barnes Retailer of ladies' fashions based in Manchester Road, Burnley.[105][106]
Barnett-Hutton Chain of ladieswear shops owned by department store chain Hide & Co. Was merged with Tootals shops to create the Van Allen chain.[107]
Baron of Piccadilly
1838
[108]
c.2010
Men's tailors based on Jermyn Street, London which closed due to the Eagle Place redevelopment by the Crown Estate.[109] The business had been owned by Welsh firm Morris Cowan,[110] owned by the father of actor Sacha Baron Cohen.[111]
Barrance & Ford
1881
1975
Ladies' tailors opened by Charles Barrance & Robert White Ford in Hastings.[112] A further shop was added in Kings Road, Brighton in 1891. The Hastings shop became part of Plummer Roddis in the 1920s,[113] while the Brighton shop continued until the 1970s.[114]
Barratts Shoes
1903
2013
Founded in Northampton, the business had grown to 150 branches by 1939.[115] The business was purchased by Stylo in 1964, who rebranded their shops under the Barratts name. During the 1990s they merged with rival Priceless shoes, however in 2009 Stylo went into administration. 220 Barratts and Priceless shops were closed, with the remaining 160 shops and 165 concessions being bought by Barratts Priceless Ltd. This however went into administration in 2011, with Barretts Trading, another Michael Ziff vehicle purchasing 89 of Priceless and Barratts shops. This however went into administration in 2013, with 14 shops being sold to Pavers Shoes and the brand and website being sold to footwear entrepreneur Harvey Jacobsen. The Barratts name continues to operate online only.
James Barrington National fur chain shop.[116][117]
Barringtons National men's tailor chain[118][119][120]
Bata Shoes
c.1980s
Founded in 1894 in Zlín, Moravia, by Tomáš Baťa, Bata opened a factory at East Tilbury in Essex with an attached workers town in 1932. Bata opened shops across the UK but grew largely after the Second World War when "British Bata" was born.[121] Bata started closing their UK retail operations in the 1980s.
Bay Trading Company
c.1990s
2009
Originally a privately owned company, the business was purchased by Alexon Group in 1999. The business was put into administration in 2009, with a small number of shops and name being purchased by the Rinku Group. These subsequently closed.
Bayne & Duckett Small chain of shoe shops operating in Scotland purchased by Clarks and incorporated under the Clarks name.[101]
Bazaar
1955
1969
Opened by Mary Quant, Plunket Greene and Archie McNair in Kings Road, London. Closed 1969
Beale & Inman
1828
2007
London High End Tailors based at 131–132 New Bond Street, which was purchased by Cecil Gee during the 1970s. In 1988 it became part of Moss Brothers Group, after the merge of Cecil Gee and Moss Brothers.[122] The business closed in 2007, with the shop being filled by Italian fashion house Corneliani.[123]
John T. Beer Men's tailors located at the junction of Boar Lane with Briggate in Leeds during the 19th Century. Building was demolished in 1867.[124]
Benefit Shoes Shoe retailer owned by the British Shoe Corporation.[125][126]
Bensonshoe
1917
1996
Founded in 1917, the business was acquired by the Smith family in 1980. The business purchased rival brand Tylers in 1986, before rebranding to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996.[127]
Berkertex
1936
1992
Founded by Leslie Berker as a clothing manufacturer, the business opened its first retail outlet within the Spooners department store in Plymouth. At one time they had over 2000 retail outlets.[128] The business went into administration in 1992[129] before the manufacturing business was purchased by Bairds.[130]
Best Jeanswear
1990
1998
Founded in 1985 as Just Jeans, after 1990 the name was changed to Best Jeanswear. The Republic brand was launched in 1998.
Bewise
2006
Discount homeware and clothing retailer. Went into administration 2006. Some shops were purchased by new chain Shop Twenty One.[131]
Biba
1964
1980
Biba started as a mail order business before opening their first shop in Kensington, London. The business opened further shops before creating Big Biba inside the former Derry & Toms department store in 1974. To help fund the business shares were sold to Dorothy Perkins, whose parent British Land saw the business worth less than the property. In 1975 the shop was closed, and the trademark sold off and used by a new business based in Mayfair from 1978 to 1980. Now owned by House of Fraser as one of their in house designer brands.
The Big Label
2009
Formerly QS Discount, owned by QS Shops. Owned five shops in Blackburn, Sale, Atherton, Warrington and Chorley.
Bissington
19th century
1935
Hatter and hosier that was based in Briggate, Leeds.[132][133]
William Blackburn & Co
1867
c.1960s
Founded in Leeds as a men's clothing manufacturer, they share the honour with Hepworths of being the first to open retail outlets to market its products. The business expanded to 30 shops and closed in the early 1960s.[134]
Blades
1962
Blades was a London fashion boutique established in 1962 by Rupert Lycett Green.Blades moved to Burlington Gardens in 1967, where the shop windows looked down on Savile Row itself.[1] The premises are now occupied by the tailors Ede & Ravenscroft.
Blazer
2000
Menswear shop created by Shophouse plc, which was purchased by Moss Brothers in 1996.[135] The chain was merged into its newly formed brand Code, in 2000, however by 2002 the Code brand had failed and Blazer returned as a clothing only brand within the Moss Brothers and Cecil Gee shops.
J. E. Bloom & Co 19th-century boys' outfitter based in High Holborn, London.[136]
A. Booth and Sons Men's tailors that operated at 143 Briggate, Leeds.[137]
Boxfresh
1989
Boxfresh is a clothing label which opened its own boutique in Covent Garden in 1992. Still operating as a clothing label but no longer as a retailer.
W.Bradley Furriers who were based in Dale Street, Manchester.[138]
Bradleys of Chester Men's outfitters originally based in Chester[139][140][141]
Brantano
1953
2017
Founded in Belgium as a manufacturer of ladies' shoes, the UK business opened in 1998 after the purchase of the British Shoe Corporation's 47 Shoe City shops. Closed in 2017 after owners Alteri put the business into administration for the second time.
Bricks Manshop Chain of menswear shops that was taken on by sons Brian and Alex Brick, who rebranded the business as Suits You and sold their retail business SRG in 2005 for £30m.[142] The business was purchased by Egyptian group Arafa Holdings in 2008.[143] However the 66 shop business entered administration in October 2010,[144] 12 of the shops were purchased by the former owners and re-opened as Suit Direct.[145]
British Home Stores
1928
2016
Founded in 1928 by American Entrepreneurs in Brixton to take on Woolworths. Business went public in 1933, and became part of Shophouse plc in 1986 after merging with Habitat and Mothercare. Went private again in 2000 after purchase by Sir Philip Green, who transferred the business to his Arcadia Group. Sold in 2015 to Retail Acquisitions for a nominal £1, the business entered administration in 2016 before closing.
Albert Brooks
1891
19th-century milliner and fancy draper based in London at Westminster Bridge[146] that was declared bankrupt in 1891.[147]
Bus Stop
1968
1979
Bus Stop was a young girls' fashion boutique fronted by designer Lee Bender. It was seen as a cheaper alternative to Biba and opened its first shop in Kensington, London. It had 11 stores in total across the UK including Newcaste-Upon-Tyne, Southampton, Bristol and Edinburgh. Citing bad weather leading to a decline in sales, it went into receivership in 1979.[148]
C&A
1841
2001
Founded in Holland as a textile manufacturer, opening their first shop in Amsterdam in 1906. Opened first UK shop in 1922. Closed UK operations in 2001 due to competition. Still operate in mainland Europe and Latin America.
Cable & Co Shoe retailer owned by the British Shoe Corporation.[149] When Sears broke up the corporation during the 1990s, Cable was sold to the United States company Nine West.[150]
Calders Menswear
Early 20th Century
2013
Menswear shop based in Cardiff. Owned by the father of Sacha Baron Cohen along with Barons of Piccadilly in London and Morris Cowan in Newport. The company went into liquidation in December 2013.[111]
Calverts of Runcorn Fashion & Haberdashery shop based in Runcorn.[151][152]
Camping and Caravanning Centre
1969
2004
Founded as the Camping & Caravaning Centre in Sheffield, the business began renaming itself Go Outdoors from 2004.[153]
Capstick & Hamer Retailer and manufacturer of Furs based in North Parade, Bradford and Albert Road, Morecambe.[154]
Cargo Club
c.1990s
A British version of Costco run by Nurdin & Peacock at 3 sites in Croydon, Birmingham and Bristol.[155] The operation was closed due to lack of membership renewals and shops purchased by Sainsburys.
Cash Clothing of Leicester Men's outfitters that expanded between the 1890s and the WW1.[156]
Champion Sports
1993
Chain of Sports shops created by Burton Group.[157] Purchased by Cobra Sports in 1993.
Chanelle Chain of ladies' fashion shops owned by department store group J J Allen.
M. Chapman 19th-century merchant tailors based on the London Road, near the Elephant & Castle, London.[158]
Chas.Baker & Co
1864
1939
Gentlemen's and boys' outfitters that opened in Seven Sisters in 1864 and expanded across London until the business collapsed in 1939 with the start of the war.[159][160]
Cheapjacks National clothing retailer[161][162] owned by Peter Millett Group,[163][164] which closed in the 1990s with the collapse of the parent company.
The Chelsea Cobbler
1967
Opened in Chelsea by Richard Smith, Amanda Wilkins and George Macfarlane. The business slowly expanded with shops opening in the West End and Harrods. In 1976 the business was bought by rival Rayne, who was purchased by Debenhams in 1978. The business was sold on by Burtons in 1987 before becoming part of US group Nine West in 1993. The Chelsea Cobbler brand was relaunched in 2009 by Dune, with three shops opening, however these have since closed or rebranded and the name is only a range sold by Dune.
Chelsea Girl
1965
1991
Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops rebranded by 1991.
Chilli Pepper
2011
Teenage aimed fashion shop which went into administration in 2011.[165]
Ciro Citterio
2005
Menswear chain that purchased rvials Horne Brothers, Oakland Menswear and Dunn & Co, that went into administration several times[166] with the chain finally collapsing in May 2005.[167]
Clobber
1964
Founded by Jeff Banks in Blackheath and showcased design by Ossie Clark and Mary Quant amongst others, the business expanded by opening concessions within Fenwicks Newcastle shop and supplying Bloomingdales in the United States. Jeff Banks sold the business in 1969 to start his own Fashion Label.[168]
Clysdale Rubber Company
1870
1930
Founded as a retailer of raincoats, in 1930 William Greaves took over the business and turned it into a multi sports shop operating under the Greaves Sports name.[169]
Cobra Sports
2000
Family owned chain that was purchased by JD Sports in 2000.[170]
Code
2000
2002
Created by Moss Brothers to take on the menswear casual market. Code stood for "Casualwear, Office, Dressing up, and Essentials",[57] The business took on shops from the Savoy Taylors Guild & Blazer brands, however it failed and was closed down in 2002.
Coles
1946
1993
Chain of menswear shops that was wound up in 1993.[171][172]
John Collier
1958
1985
Created by United Drapery Shops in 1958 by renaming Fifty Shilling Tailors. Was purchased by Hanson as part of UDS in 1983. A short lived management buyout saw the name changed to plain Collier before being sold on to Burtons in 1985, with the brand being discontinued.
Concept Man
1982
1991
Concept Man was a menswear operation, the brother of Chelsea Girl and opened in 1982. The business was merged in 1988 to form River Island, with all shops re-branded by 1991.[173]
Contessa Lingerie
2006
National lingerie change purchased by disgraced finacier Stephen Hinchliffe for his failed business Facia. After the collapse of Facia, Theo Paphitis bought the business in 1996.[174] In 2006 he sold Contessa along with his other underwear firm La Senza UK to Lion Capital, who merged Contessa shops into La Senza.
Courtesy Shoes
1956
Courtesy Shoes started as a small trader on market stalls, before moving into shops. in the 1960s the business bought Lees of Leeds and Seftons, small footwear chains based in Yorkshire and changed the operating name to Medina Shoes. Courtesy Shoes continues to be the parent company’s name and currently operates under the Wynsors World of Shoes name.
Morris Cowan
c.1950s
2012
Men's tailors based in Queen Street, Cardiff & Commercial Street, Newport. Business also owned the London establishment Barons of Piccadilly.[175]
R Crabb & Co 19th-century merchant tailors and outfitters based in Westminster Bridge Road, London.[176]
Crazy Jeans
c.1980s
Small jeans chain in Bristol and Bath that based its operation on London business Dickie Dirts.[177]
W. Creamer & Co Furrier that was based in Bold Street, Liverpool.[178]
Cresta Shops 1979 Chain of ladieswear shops started by former Berkertex director Eric Crabtree. At one time it had 71 shops and was the largest high-class fashion chain in the world.[179] Purchased by Debenhams, it was closed as a stand-alone business in 1979.[180]
Cripps, Sons & Co
c.19th century
c.1970s
Ladies' dressmakers based in Bold Street, Liverpool.[181] The building was commissioned by John Cripp in 1860.[182] The business closed down during the early 1970s.[183]
Cromwells Madhouse / Madhouse
1971[184]
2012
Founded in 1971, the jeans retailer expanded by the millennium to 56 shops in the South East and the Midlands.[185] In 2004 the business was bailed out by Sports Direct, who sold the business onto Melvyn Reiss and Stephen Mucklow.[citation needed] They put the business into administration in 2009, buying the business back in a pre-packed deal. The name was changed to just Madhouse, but it went into administration again in 2012.[186]
John Cruickshank & Co. 19th-century outfitters based in Shaftesbury Avenue, London.[187]
Cult Clothing
1985
2004
Founded by Ian Hibbs and Julian Dunkerton in Cheltenham, the business expanded during the 1990s in a number of UK university towns and cities. The business opened its first Superdry shop in Covent garden in 2004, and all Cult Clothing shops were renamed.
Curtess Shoes
1997
Founded by Harry Levison, the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy Willis in 1954[188] Fortress was renamed to Curtess Shoes by Levison, who was given management of the British Shoe Corporation by Charles Clore. In 1996 Sears sold Curtess to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
d2 Jeans
2011
Men's and ladies' fashion shop started by Sir Tom Hunter. Went into administration twice, in 2009 and 2011.[190] 20 shops were purchased in 2011 by Blue Inc.
Damart
1953
Founded in France as a manufacturer of thermal clothing, the UK retail operations have now closed with only online sales now available to UK customers.
Dandie Fashions
1966
1968
Dandie Fashions opened its shop at 161 King's Road, Chelsea in October 1966. In 1968 The Beatles invested in Dandie renaming it Apple Tailoring.
Dapper Women
2011
Designer boutique based in St Nicholas Street and Huntriss Row, Scarborough that closed in 2011.[191]
Dash
1982
Fashion brand started in 1982, which at one time operated shops and concessions across the UK.[192]
Geoffrey Davis Small menswear shop in Golders Green, London which was owned by David Gold, of Carnaby Street Lord John fame.[193]
Dorothy Dearnaley Ladies' clothing shop that was located on Newport Street, Bolton.[194]
Designer Rooms
2010
Ladies' fashion brand with 10 shops put into liquidation in 2010.[195]
Dickie Dirts
c.1970s
Founded in an old cinema in Fulham by Nigel Wright,[196] the jeans retailer started the parallel importing business in the UK. The business expanded to have shops in Camberwell,[197] Westbourne Grove,[198] and Stratford.[199]
Discount Shoe Zone
1917
2001
Founded as Bensonshoe in 1917, the business changed its name to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996.[127] The business changed its name again in 2001 to Shoe Zone.
Dixon Sports
2002
North East Based sports retailer who went into liquidation in 2002, with 6 of the shop being purchased by Gilesports, including its shop in the Gateshead Metro Centre.[200][201]
George Doland Chain of tailor shops established in the South West of London, which grew into a National Chain.[202]
Dolcis Shoes
1863
2008
The company began life on a street barrow in 1863 when John Upson started to sell his shoes on Woolwich Town Market, opening its first shop in Woolwich as the Great Boot Provider. Dolcis name appeared above the door during the 1920s. Owned by Sears since the 1950s, the business was sold off by them in 1998. Went into administration in 2008.
Dormie Menswear retailer purchased by Moss Bros in 1992.
Dunn & Co.
1887
1996
Dunn & Co. was founded in 1887 by George Arthur Dunn, a Quaker, who started by selling hats on the streets of Birmingham. In 1991 the business was in trouble and sold to Hodges, but in 1994 a majority stake was sold to venture capitalists CinVen. This was short lived and in 1996 the business was purchased by Citto Citterio.
Kenneth Durward Coat shop based in Conduit Street, London.[203][204] Became part of the Aquascutum group.[205]
Easiephit Retail name of Greenlees & Sons, a shoe manufacturer based in Leicester.[206]
Peter Eastwood Men's outfitters based in 61 Vicar Lane, Leeds.[207]
J Edwards & Sons
1830
2015
Footwear shop located in Deansgate, Manchester as well as Guildhall Street, Preston (previously R. Jamieson).[208] Business closed suddenly in 2015 with no explanation.[209] In its latter years it was associated with the firm Christmas & Clemence of Bolton and Southport
Eisenegger
2005
Discount men's fashion shop started c.1990s. Went into administration in 2005 and closed.[210]
Elangol Chain of 160 shops which has Eastex shops within them.[128]
Elisabeth of Colne Ladies' boutique based in Colne, Lancashire during the 1950s.[211]
Enoch Edge Shoe shop based in King Street, Lancaster during the 1950s, with the grand title of Shoe Fitters.[212]
Envy
1960
2010
Founded in 1960, the menswear chain was purchased by John Kinnaird from Alexon Retail in February 2008, before he completed a pre-package deal with his new vehicle Envy Retail Ltd in Dec 2008.[213] In 2010 John Kinnaird sold the business to a consortium of private equity investors including the boss of SKG Capital, Chris Althorp-Gormlay, however the business was put into administration a month later and all 18 shops were closed.[214]
Etam
1916
2005
Founded by Max Lindemann in 1916,[citation needed] the UK and French Etams were separate companies until the French Etam Developpement purchased Etam UK from Stanley Lewis and his family for £97m in 1997. Purchased by Philip Green's Arcadia group, with shops converted to Arcadia brands or closed.[215] Since 2011 the Etam brand has returned to the UK.
Faith
1964
2010
Started by Samuel Faith and his wife, the business grew to 72 stand alone shops and separate concessions in many of Britains department store chains. In 2004 the Faith family sold the business to Bridgepoint Capital, but entered administration in 2008 before being purchased by John Kinnaird. The business again entered administration in 2010, with all shops closing. Debenhams bought the Faith brand and all the 115 concessions within their shops.
The Famous Brunswick Warehouse
2003
Brand name of a chain of shoe warehouses operated by North Shoes. The business was purchased by Brown & Jackson, the owners of Poundstretcher in 1999,[216] before all 27 shops becoming part of Brantano in 2003.[217]
Famous Army Stores
1981
2002
Outdoor clothing and camping equipment shops based in Garston, Liverpool, UK. After a management buyout in 1996, rapidly grew from 100 to 200 shops before going into administration in 2002. 47 shops were purchased by Blacks Leisure but the name was discontinued.[218]
John Farmer
c.1980s
Family owned footwear multiple which was bought by UDS in 1982.[219] Hanson sold the near 100 strong chain to Clarks during the breakup of UDS.[101] In the late 1980s the brand was incorporated into Clarks and shops were re-branded or closed.[220]
Fenchurch
2000
2011
Started as a clothing brand. In 2005 the brand opened its first shop in Covent Garden, London. In 2011 the business went into administration, and the business was purchased by JD Sports.
Harry Fenton
1984
Men's tailors chain, loved by the mods in the 1960s.[221] In 1980 footballer Kevin Keegan fronted the advertising campaign for the chain.[222] The business was sold by its owner, Combined English Shops in 1984 to the Burton Group who converted or closed shops.[223]
Fifty Shilling Tailors
1905
Founded in Leeds by Henry Price of Price Tailors Ltd. Business had over 399 shop in the UK. Was purchased by United Drapery Shops in 1954[81] and the shop was rebranded John Collier.
First Sport
1988
2002
Chain of 187 sports shops[224] created by Blacks Leisure by merging its purchased sports shops.[225] It was purchased by JD Sports in 2002.
E Fletcher of Rochdale Ladies' outfitters based in Rochdale during the 1950s.[226]
Flip
c.1970s
1985
Importer of American vintage clothing that operated three shops in London – Convent Garden, Kings Road and Shoeditch. Closed in 1985.[227]
Martin Ford Ladies' clothing retailer that operated during 60s and 70s[228][229]
Fortress Shoe Company Founded by Harry Levison, the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy Willis in 1954[188] Fortress was renamed to Curtess Shoes by Levison, who was given management of the British Shoe Corporation by Charles Clore. In 1996 Sears sold Curtess Shoes to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
Foster Brothers
1876[230]
1998
Founded in Birmingham in 1876 as Foster Brothers Clothing company. Purchased Adams Childrenswear in 1973. Firm sold to Sears plc in 1983. Name changed to Fosters Trading Company. Sold by Sears to d2 Jeans in 1998.
Freeman, Hardy and Willis
1875
1997
The shoe retailer was established in 1875 and was named after three employees of the company. In 1929 it was purchased by Sears and became part of its subsidiary the British Shoe Corporation. In 1996 the British Shoe Corporation converted half of the 540 FHM branches into Hush Puppies, selling the remaining off to an entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
Herbie Frogg
1969
Men's Tailors opened in 1969 and were based in Jermyn Street, London.[231][232]
Frontier Shoes
2003
Founded by former Famous Brunswick and Cobra Sports boss Mark Blackburn in 2003, the shoe shop chain had at its height five shops.[233] In 2007 Mark Blackburn sold the business to Mark Turner, however the shops have since closed.
Furmans Shoes Northern based chain of shoe shops.
Gamlen Brothers 19th-century outfitters based in Devonport, Devon.[234]
Gardiner & Co. 19th-century men's outfitters based in Commercial Road and Whitechapel, London.[235]
Cecil Gee
1929
2012
Founded in 1929 by Cecil Gee as a menswear retailer,[135] the business merged with Moss Brothers in 1988.[236] In 2012 Moss Brothers sold the remaining eight shops to JD Sports for £1.7 million.[237] JD Sports renamed the shops under the Tessuti brand later in 2012.[63]
Gelert
1970
2013
Founded in Bryncir in Gwynedd, the outdoor clothing and camping business was named the dog Gelert of Prince Llywelyn the Great, who was Prince of Gwynedd. The business went into administration in 2013 and was purchased by Sports Direct. It now operates as a brand only within the Sports Direct empire.
General Clothing Shops
2001
Cornish clothing shop originally based in Penzance and purchased by the Chadwick family during the 1970s.The Chadwick family changed the business name to Seasalt in 2001.[238]
Genesis
1990
1992
Ladies' casual wear chain started by Berkertex, which was incorporated into Windsmoor by Bairds after they purchased the brand out of administration in 1992.[130]
Ghinns Ltd
1889
Founded in 1889 as a drapery shop in Peckham Rye.[239] Became incorporated in 1933. Operated as Ghinns Wools – a wool and ladieswear shop. Purchased by McGeochs in 1970.[240]
Gilesports
1925
2006
Founded by Henry C Giles in 1925, and expanded to cover shops across Wales, the South West and the Midlands. In 2002 Gilesport bought 6 shops of Dixon Sports based in the North East.[241] In 2006 the 80 shop chain was purchased by Sports World International for a deal worth £10m.[242]
Gio-Goi
2005
2013
Founded as a fashion brand in 1988, the business closed due to a legal challenge by Giorgio Armani over the name. The name was relaunced in 2005, with Pentland group buying 20 per cent in 2008. The first retail shop was opened in Union Square, Aberdeen in 2010. The business went into administration in 2013 and was purchased by JD Sports, where it became a brand only.
Glass and Black
c.1960s
c.1960s
Founded by fashion designer Kiki Byrne, initially in Sloane Square, London before moving to Kings Road. During the mid-1960s the business shut after its purchase by Jaegar.
Goldrange
1970s
Factory outlet shop in Petticoat Lane founded by Warren & David Gold of Lord John (Carnaby Street) fame. Replaced by The Big Red Building.[243]
Granditer Menswear
1910
1992
Founded by Morris Granditer as a small tailoring shop in Canning Town, London. By the 1970s the menswear name had been dropped and shops selling men's fashion had opened up across London. In 1992 the name was changed to Base.[244]
Granny Takes a Trip
1966
1979
Granny Takes a Trip was a boutique opened in February 1966 at 488 Kings Road, Chelsea, London, by Nigel Waymouth, his girlfriend Sheila Cohen and John Pearse.In late 1969, Cohen and Waymouth sold the business to London fashion entrepreneur Freddie Hornik, who had previously worked at Chelsea's Dandie Fashions. Shops were open in New York & Los Angeles. The London shop closed in 1979.
Great Eastern Clothing Depot 19th-century outfitters and tailors run by James Peters from Shoreditch, London.[245]
Griffith Brothers
c.1890s
c.1930s
Menswear outfitters started in the 19th century in Brentford, and had 22 branches by 1928.[246]
J. H. Grimwade & Sons Ipswich Tailors located on The Cornhills and was an agent for Jaegar.[247]
Edward Grove 19th-century tailors based in Lower Marsh, Lambeth, London.[248]
Hammells Ladies' retailer of the 1970s and 80s that specialised in larger sizes
Hanan-Gingell Shoe Company
1888
The retail arm of the Hanan Shoe Company, which opened in 1888[249] and was based at 328–332 Oxford Street, London.[250][251]
C.J. Hardy and Co Outfitters based in Boar Lane, Leeds during the 1930s.[252]
Hargreaves Sports Sports shop group based in South East that was purchased by Sports Direct.
Hartley Retail chain based in north of England purchased by Parkash Singh Chima along with Wiltex to form Bonmarché.
Ann Harvey
2011
Chain of shops and concessions selling plus sized ladies' clothing. In 2011 owner Jacques Vert closed the retail business and concentrated on concessions,[253] before closing the business completely in 2013.[254] The name was revived by Bonmarche as a range within their shops in 2014
Hawes & Sons Ipswich clothing shop based in Tacket Street prior to the widening of the road.[247]
C. Hayman
c.1852
Ladies' and girls' 19th-century dressmakers based in Newington Causeway, London.[255]
Alan Hayton Boy's Shop Boys' outfitters based at 115 Deansgate, Bolton.[256] The business was struck of the companies register in 1975.[257]
Elizabeth Hebden Ladieswear shop which was based in Manchester Road, Nelson.[258]
Henderson Sports Chain of sport shops purchased by J M Millets during the 1970s.[259]
Henri Gowns
1975
Gown manufacturer that retailed their wares from a showroomm at 39/42 New Bond Street, London[260] and was wound up in 1975.[261]
Joseph Hepworth & Son
1864
1984
Founded in Leeds by Joseph Hepworth & James Rhodes and became Britain's largest clothing manufacturer. Started selling from retail shops in the 1880s. Purchased Kendall & Sons in 1982, and in 1983 relaunched Kendalls under the Next brand. In 1984 all Hepworth shops were rebranded Next.
Higgs Leather
1934
2017
Founded by James William Higgs in London, the business was moved to Westcliff on Sea before opening in Southend on Sea in 1969. Announced that the shop would close in 2017, however they would continue to operate online.[262]
Hilton Shoes Founded by Stephen Hilton as a manufacturer and retailer in Leicester, by 1892 he had 40 shops.[263] The business was purchased by Olivers and incorporated into the Oliver group.[264]
T. Hinde & Son Ladies' show shop based in Manchester and Liverpool[265]
Hipps
c.1900
c.1970s
Founded in Leeds in the early 1900s, by 1914 it had 70 shops nationwide selling menswear. By 1932 it had 100 shops and was the fourth largest of the multiple tailors. In 1960 was purchased by Headrow Clothes, a rival manufacturer, who in turn was purchased by Great Universal S in 1962. Hipps was run as an independent group within Great Universal until its closure during the early 1970s.[81]
Hodges & Sons
c.19th century
1994
Founded in South Wales as a tailors.[266] In 1991 purchased national chain Dunn & Co however this was short lived and in 1994 the business was sold to venture capitalists CinVen,[267]

Published 1996-12-20; Retrieved 2011-11-18</ref> with Hodges shops being rebranded under the Dunn name.

Holbourne (Fashions) Ltd
1940
Ladies' outfitters based in Old Bond Street & High Holborn, London, as well as shops in Plymouth and Portsmouth.[268] The business was wound up in 1940.[269]
Hope Brothers
c.1970s
Founded by Thomas Peacock as a shirt manufacturer in Littleport. The business expanded becoming a multiple tailor,[270] purchasing high end London chain Howard Powe in 1954.[271] The business was purchased by Great Universal Stores during the 1950s and was converted into the Just Pants Plus business during the 1970s.
Horne Brothers
1886
2011
Founded in London as a tailors, it had by 1938 15 branches[272] and a factory at 45–65 King Edward Road in Cambridge Heath, London. In 1987 the business was purchased by Sears.[273] However, in the 1990s it was sold to Ciro Citterio, whom went into administration in the early 2000s. The business was purchased by several owners, however finally closed with 37 branches in 2011.[274]
House Brand created by Cromwells Madhouse to sell more upmarket clothing.[275]
House of Holland
c.1980s
South of England-based discount department store went into administration late 80s.[276]
Howard Sports Chain of 11 north west based sport shops[225] purchased by JJB from Blacks Leisure in 1988. Part of the deal saw Alpine Sports go to Blacks.[277]
Thomas Howell 19th-century ladies' outfitters based in Kennington Cross, London[278]
Howies
1995
2011
Founded in Wales as a manufacturer of eco-friendly clothing, the business operated a shop in Carnaby Street until December 2011. Continues to operate as a manufacturer.
Hung on You
c.1960s
1966
Hung on You was a London fashion boutique, run by the designer Michael Rainey, particularly known for flowery shirts and kipper ties in bold colours. Rainey's customers included the Rolling Stones, the Beatles, the Kinks and the actor Terence Stamp. The business closed in 1966 when the lease was sold.
Hunt & Winterbotham Woollen clothing manufacturer that started in c.1800,[279] and opened its own boutique in Old Bond Street, London.[280]
Benjamin Hyam & Co Clothing manufacturer and outfitter that was based in Oxford Street, London[281] with branches in Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Leeds[282] and Dewsbury. David Lewis, who started Lewis department store did his apprenticeship with Hyams.[283]
I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet
1966
1977
Founded by Ian Fisk and John Paul at 293 Portobello Road, Notting Hill, London. Among the shop's customers were Eric Clapton, Mick Jagger John Lennon and Jimi Hendrix. Further shops opened in Carnaby Streer, Piccadilly and Kings Road during 1967. Partnership dissolved in summer 1967, and Portebello Road shop became Injun Dog head-shop. Last I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet shop closed in 1977.
The International Fur Shop 19th century furriers based at 163 & 198 Regents Street, London.[284]
Internacionale
1980
2014
Founded as a retail business in 1980 by Ken Cairnduff, the business grew into the name Internacionale. Went into administration for a third time in 2014 and closed. The name was purchased by Edinburgh Woollen Mills.
Ipswich Boot & Shoe Warehouse 19th century retailer, with branches in Chelmsford and Halstead.[285][286]
Italian Suit Company
2014
Formal menswear retail chain that went into liquidation in 2014.[287]
The Ivy Shop
1965
1995
Founded in Richmond, London by John Simmons, the man who is widely recognised as coining the term Harrington for the Baracuta G9 jacket,[243] The shop closed in January 1995 after being known as the home of Ivy League college boy look.[288]
Edmund Jackson Menswear retailer that was based in the Market buildings in Vicar Lane, Leeds.[289]
Jackson the Tailor
1906
c.1970s
Founded in 1906 by M. Jackson in Newcastle as a manufacturer of menswear and branched out into retail.[81] Merged with larger rival Burtons in 1954. At one time it had 550 shops across the UK.[290] The shops were integrated into Burtons during the 1970s.[291]
Jonathan James
1973
2012
Mansfield based shoe retailer that closed its branches in December 2012.[292]
R. Jamieson Footwear retailer based in Guildhall Street, Preston taken over by J. Edwards & Sons.[293]
Jaymax Northern clothing chain with nine shops founded by John Hargreaves, who later went on to create Matalan.[citation needed]
Jays Clothing retailer owned by Great Universal Stores.[294]
Jean Jeanie Chain of 65 shops saved by Sir Philip Green in 1985 for £65,000. Six months later he sold the business to Lee Cooper for £3m.[295]
Jean Junction Founded in 1971 by Thomas Lonsdale on the corner of Kings Road and Chelsea Manor Street, London. Lonsdale bought jeans over from California, against the wishes of local wholesalers.[296] The shop expanded into the UK's first chain of denimwear shops.[297]
JJB Sports
c.1900
2009
The original JJB sports shop was established by John Jarvis Broughton in the early 1900s and later was purchased by John Joseph Bradburn. It was expanded and incorporated in 1971, when ex-footballer and supermarket chain operator Dave Whelan acquired a single sports shop in Wigan and immediately opened a second sports goods outlet in his Sutton, St Helens, supermarket. In 1994 the business was floated, and in 1998 it bought its rival Sports Division. By 2005 the business had 430 shops, and in 2007 Dave Whelan sold his last shares to Icelandic financial group Exista and Chris Ronnie. In 2009 the business was put into administration and closed.
Johnsons Men's boutique based in Kensington and World's End.[298]
Johnsons the Modern Outfitter
1978
2000
Boutique clothing shop founded by Lloyd Johnson.
J Jones Costumier and furrier based that was based in Boar Lane, Leeds.[299]
Just Add Water Chain of ten outdoor clothing shops purchased by Blacks in 2003
Just Jeans
1985
1998
Founded in 1985 as Just Jeans, after 1990 the name changed to Best Jeanswear. The Republic brand was launched in 1998.
Just Pants Plus
1970s
Chain created by Great Universal Stores by rebranding several of their traditional chains, including Hope Brothers.[300][301]
K Shoes
1842
c.1990s
Founded by Robert Miller Somervell as a shoemaking accessories merchant and leather factory in Kendall, Cumbria, the business grew into a manufacturing company called Somervell Brothers in 1848. The K brand was created as uppers and soles were being put together at home by workers, who some had been subsidising materials. Because of this each sole was marked, but instead of S for sole, someone picked up the K stamp. During the 1930s the company took on several failing retail agents, but it was not until the purchase and splitting up of Abbotts in 1937, did the K Shoe Shop appear. By 1980 the business had 230 branches in the UK, and agreed to a merger with Clarks in 1981 to starve off a takeover from another company. During the 1990s the K Shoe Shop brand was closed down due to tightening financial worries.[302]
Karrimor
1997
1999
Started as the retail arm of outdoor clothing firm Karrimor International. When Karrimor International was sold by its owners 21 Invest in 1999, the retail firm was retained and renamed Mountain Warehouse.
Keevan Men's outfitters based in London, with the shop famously being in the background of the Kinks' "Come Dance with Me" video filmed at Hornsey Street, London in 1983.
Kendall & Sons Ltd
1870
1983
Started in 1870 as an umbrella manufacturer, before moving into rainwear and ladies' clothing ranges in the 20th century. Purchased by Combined English Shops in 1977, and sold to Joseph Hepworth & Son in 1982. Rebranded and relaunched as Next in 1983.
King, Malcolm & Co Retailer and manufacturer of Waders and Waterproof coats in Victorian Britain, based in Leicester Square, London.[303]
Kookai
1983
2013
Started as a fashion label in France. UK franchise (owned by Forminster) went into administration in 2006 with 25 shops and 30 concessions.[304] Was bought by Kookai's parent company Groupe Vivarte. In 2013 the parent company decided to close its UK business.[305]
J. B. Ladbury 19th-century ladies' costumier based in Borough and Islington, London.[306]
Lady Jane
1966
First ladies' fashion boutique opened in Carnaby Street.[221]
John Laing Menswear chain based in the north of England.[307]
John Laing & Co Dumfries and Carlisle-based chain of footwear shops.[308]
Lane & Robinson A shoe shop based in Whiteladies Road, Bristol which was purchased by Clarks in 1935.[309]
Lavand
2008
Spanish clothing brand that opened its first UK shop in London in 2013.[310] Business now operates online in the UK.
George H. Lavey & Company
1882
Men's tailors founded in 1882.[311] Bought by A. C. Millett & Co (Millets) in 1964.[312]
LD Mountain Centre
1966
Founded by Peter Lockey and Gordon Davison as LD Mountain Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1972 they launched their own brand of clothing called Berghaus to sell in their shop. In 1993 Pentland Group purchased the business.
Le Pop 1980s ladies' retailer.[313]
Lee Brothers (Overwear) Ltd 1950s ladies' outfitters based in Conduit Street, London.[314]
Lees of Leeds Small chain of footwear shops located in Leeds area, purchased by Courtesy Shoes in the 1960s and rebranded under the Medina Shoes brand.
Lewis & Co 19th-century ladies' costumiers based in Westminster Bridge Road, London and Croydon.[315]
Lewis Separates
1947
1965
Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops being re-branded by 1991.
Lilley & Skinner
1835
2008
Thomas Lilley opened his first shoe shop in Southwark, London in 1835.[316] In 1881 William Banks Skinner joined the firm and the business name changed to Lilley & Skinner. In 1953 the business merged with rival the Saxone Shoe Company, however the business was purchased by Sears owned British Shoe Corporation in 1962. During the 1990s Sears broke up and sold off the shoe brands it owned, with Lilley & Skinner being purchased by Stead & Simpson. However Stead & Simpson went into administration in 2008[317] and was purchased by Shoe Zone which converted shops to their branding or closed them.
Littlewoods
1932
2005
Founded as a football pools company in 1923 by John Moores, the business expanded into mail order retailing in 1932. The first shop opened in 1937. By 1982 the business was the largest private company in Europe,[318] and one time was the largest family owned firm in the UK.[319] In 2002 the retail business was sold by the Moores family to David & Frederick Barclay for £750m. In 2005 the 119 shops were closed, with 40 sold to Primark owner ABF.
Cyril Livingston Ladiewear retailer of the 1970s based in Briggate, Leeds.[100]
The London Corset Company 19th and early 20th century corset maker based at 28 New Bond Street, London.[320]
Lord John
1963
Founded in Carnarby Street by brothers, Warren, Harold and David Gold. The men's fashion boutique sold clothes that were designed for the "mods" of the era.[193] The business went on to grow to 30 shops before being sold off.[243]
Peter Lord
1937
c.1990s
Clarks renamed the Abbotts chain of shoe shops based in London, creating the name Peter Lord not to scare their agents. Name continued to be used until the 1990s.
Lotus Shoes
1903
Founded as shoe manufacturer by parent company Edwin Bostock & Co. Ltd., the business outgrew its parent, and with the merger of Edwin and Frederick Bostock's business' they used the Lotus Ltd name for the company.[321] The retail side of the business started in 1926 with the purchase of 4 retail shops, which wee operated under its subsidiary Lotus and Delta Ltd. In the 1970s the Bostock family ended their affiliation with the company, with Debenhams purchasing the business in 1973. Debenhams' owners, the Burton group sold the business to the Fii group in 1986. The business now operates as a manufacturer and online retailer.
Luget Brothers
1814
2015
Founded by two Huguenot brothers in Exeter, the bespoke tailoring business finally closed its doors in 2015.[322]
Lumleys
1900
c.1980s
Founded by boxing promoter Alan Lumley as a sports shop, it was purchased by the Greaves family in 1959.[323] In the 1980s the name was changed to Greaves.
M & J Sports and Leisure Small sports shop chain based in South Essex created by former Southend United player, Mike Beesley after buying out H. W. Stone.[324]
Mackays
1834
2007
Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackays name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007.
Maison Jays 19th-century ladies' costumier and milliner based in Regent Street, London.[325]
Manfield Shoes
1844
c.1997
Founded in Northampton as a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, the business was purchased by Sears in 1956, and at the time had over 200 shops.[326] In 1996 it sold Manfield Shoes to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
T.Manley 19th-century tailors based in Westminster Bridge Road, London.[327]
Marcus Shops Ltd Men's outfitters with 15 shops, purchased by J. M. Millets in 1973.[259]
Alfred Marsh
1881
19th-century clothier and outfitter with shops in Market Street, Harwich & Key Street, Ipswich. Declared bankrupt in 1881.[328]
Masters Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing, purchased by Great Universal Stores.[329]
Mates
c.1960s
Founded by Irvine Sellar on Carnaby Street, as what he called the first unisex fashion boutique in Britain.[330] The business expanded to have shops nationwide and had 24 shops by 1969. Irvine Sellars sold the business and went into property development, famously leading the company that developed the Shard.
Maxwells Leeds based clothing shop that was located on Vicar Lane.[331]
Mayron Chain of ladies' fashion shops owned by department store group J J Allen.
MC Sports Chain of sport shops purchased by Blacks, and became part of First Sport.[225]
McGeoch
1834
1973
Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackays name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007.
McGurk Sports
2013
North East based sports retailer voluntary wound up in 2013.[332]
Meakers Chain of men's tailors founded by Benjamin Meaker and Edgar Jesse.[333][202]
Medina Shoes Brand created by Courtesy Shoes to operate their Courtesy Shoes, Skelton and Lees of Leeds shops. The brand name was eventually replaced by Wynsors World of Shoes, also operated by Courtesy Shoes.
Merc Clothing
1967
Founded by Javid Alavi in London in 1967. The business had a shop at 10 Carnaby Street, but now is an online retailer and manufacturer.
J.M Millet
1893
1986
Founded by J. M. Millet as a drapers and outfitters business in Southampton and Bristol. The business had 5 shops by 1939, and by 1961 had grown to 11. In the 1970s business Henderson Sports and Marcus Shops Limited were purchased before the business itself was purchased by Foster Brothers in 1979. In 1986 it was merged with A. C. Millett to form Millets Leisure Ltd.[259]
A.C. Millett & Co
1948
1986
Morris Millett opened a haberdashery shop in Croydon in 1920. By 1948 the business was trading from 8 shops and A. C. Millett joined his father's business after the leaving the army. By 1962 that business had grown to 35 shops, including 13 acquired in that year when ACM bought E. G. Millett & Co., a company owned by a distant cousin of A. C. Millett. In 1978 the business listed on the London Stock Market as Milletts Leisure plc, and in 1984 bought 50 shops from Wakefields (Midlands) Ltd. In 1986 Foster Brothers Clothing acquired Milletts Leisure plc joining Millets and Milletts together to create Millets Leisure Limited.[259]
E. G. Millett & Co A group of 13 men's outfitters purchased by A. G. Milletts in 1962.[259]
Milwards Reading based footwear group with 20 shops purchased by Clarks and incorporated into the Peter Lord chain.[219]
Miss Sixty
1990
2008
Founded in Italy in 1990, the first shops opened in the UK in 1998 by its UK subsidiary SixtyUK. The UK business went into administration in 2008.
Mister Byrite
2002
Founded as A. Levy & Sons in 1912. Traded under various names including Mr Byrite. Blue Inc name introduced in 2002.
MK One
c.1980s
2008
Founded in the 1980s by Mark Brafman, Les Lucy and Alan Simons as Mark One. In 1996 the business went into administration and was purchased by Philip Green, who in 2003 sold most of the business to Elaine McPherson, the managing director, and David Thompson, the finance director. In 2004 the business was sold to the Icelandic group, Baugur who sold a majority shareholding to Hilco in May 2008, before selling the business back to its founder Mark Brafman. However the business continued to struggle and in November 2008 80 of the shops were sold to Internacionale Retail with the remaining 45 being closed.
Monument Sports
1974
Founded in 1974 by Middlesbrough F.C. player Bill Gates.[334] The 12 shop chain was purchased by Blacks in 1987 and became part of First Sport.[335]
Morgan
2008
Morgan de Toi was the UK retail operations of Morgan SA, a French company originally set up to make lingerie in 1947. In 2008 the UK business was put into administration with the closure of its shops and concessions.
Morrisons Ladies' clothing chain purchased by Great Universal Stores in 1957.[336][128]
David Moseley & Sons
1964
Rubber manufacturer that produced Raincoats and Waterproofs which were sold via their New Bond Street showroom.[337] Was purchased by Avon Rubber Company in 1964.
Mr Freedom
1969
1972
Founded by Tommy Roberts after purchasing the lease of the boutique Hung on You. The shop moved to Kensington Church Street in 1970 but closed in 1972.
Naf Naf
1973
c.1990s
Founded as Influence in Paris by Gérard Pariente in 1973, NafNaf (woof woof in French) was launched as a designer brand in 1978. The brand expanded and shops in France opened during the 1980s. During the 1990s they entered the UK market as a distributor and retailer. However, in the late 1990s the retail business in the UK was making losses,[338] so all shops were closed.
Daniel Neal
1837
1977
Founded as an adult shoe shop in the Edgware Road, London, the business grew into a department store for children's clothes, toys and equipment. In 1963 it was purchased by John Lewis[339] and the business was merged into existing John Lewis shops, except for branches in Bournemouth & Cheltenham, which were closed in 1977.
H. P. Newman
1909
1919
Founded in 1909 as H. P. Newman, the shop changed its name to Dorothy Perkins in 1919.
Nicholes Shirt House Shirt maker that was based at 62 Briggate, Leeds.[340]
D. Nicholson & Co Ladies' dressmakers based in St. Pauls Churchard, London.[341]
H. J. Nicholl & Co
c.19th century
c.1962
[342]
Ready made clothing company that made its name during the 1840s and 1850s with manufacturing paletots, a gentleman's overcoat.[343] The business first opened a shop on Regent Street, before opening branches in Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, and Paris. The business operated until the 1960s.
Northern Outsize Menswear
1956
c.1970s
Founded as Northern Outsize Menswear by Bernard Levy as a mail order firm. The business opened its first shop on Edgware Road, London in 1959. During the 1970s the business changed its name to High and Mighty.
Norvic
1846
1974
Founded by the merger of Howlett and White[344] with the Mansfield Shoe Company.[345] The business was a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, but the 120 strong retail chain was sold to Timpsons in 1971. Timpsons was purchased by UDS in 1972 but the Norvic retail chain was closed down in 1974.[346]
Nutters of Savile Row
1969
1982
Nutters of Savile Row was opened on Valentine's Day 1969 by Tommy Nutter and Edward Sexton, who had worked together at Donaldson, Williamson & Ward. Nutter left business in 1976, but Edward Sexton continues to run the business changing the name in 1982.
Oakland Menswear
c.1980s
1997
Created by C&A during the 1980s a standalone business,[347] which was purchased by Stephen Hincliffe's Facia group during the 1990s. Facia however collapsed by 1996, and Ciro Citterio purchased the business from the administrators and rebranded the 27 shops under their branding.[348]
Officers and Gentleman
c.1990s
Founded in Sunderland, the business changed its name to The Officers Club.
The Officers Club
c.1990s
2011
Founded in Sunderland as Officers and Gentlemans, the name was changed during the 2000s before the business entered administration in 2008. The business was bought by TimeC 1215, a company backed by the companies chief executive David Charlton. However the business again entered administration in 2011, and 47 shops and the brand name were sold to Blue Inc.
Old Glory
2005
2011
Clothing wholesaler with shop located in Queens Arcade, Leeds that was dissolved in 2011.[349][350]
Olivers
1860
2000
Founded by George Oliver as a shoe shop in Willenhall, Staffordshire in 1860, followed in 1866 with a branch in Neath, Staffordshire.[351] In 1869 he opened a factory, but closed this by 1875 and concentrated on retail. By 1889 he had over 100 shops and advertised himself as the world's largest boot retailer. The business purchased the footwear shops of rival Timpson in 1987, and had 258 shops. In 2000 it was purchased by smaller rival Shoe Zone who re-branded or closed the shops.
Olympus Sports
1995
Sports clothing and footwear retailer who had 24 shops when purchased by Sears in 1978.[352] In 1995, Mayfind, a private investment company owned by Philip Green and Tom Hunter purchased Olympus Sports from Sears,[353] and merged the shops into Tom Hunter's existing business Sports Division.[354]
One Up
1993
Clothing & Home discounter created by Shophouse plc. Sold off in 1995 for £20m.[355][356][357]
Open
2014
2015
Men's clothing shop created by former Blue Inc. buying and design director Stephen Galea and was owned by JD Sports. Four months after its first shop out of a total of 11, JD announced that all shops were closing.
Original Shoe Company
1991
Brand-led fashion footwear shop started in 1991.[358] Purchased by Sports Direct in 2006, but sold to JJB Sports in 2007.[359] Closed as part of JJB trying to save itself from administration.[360]
Owens Ladies' outfitters in the 1950s with shops in Preston, Bolton, Eccles, Leigh & Darwen.[361]
Paige Ladies' clothing retailer of the 1960s[362] Sold by owners Great Universal Stores in 1986 to Combined English Shops, and at the time had 246 shops.[363][364] Combined English Shops were purchased by Next in 1987 and Paige shops were gradually closed or converted into the Next format.
E. Parker 19th-century dressmakers based in Newington Butts, London.[365]
Parker Franks North west based discounter of homewares and clothing. Changed its name to Xception.[366]
Pavilion Clothing
1986
2015
Independent young clothing business based in Wharton Street, Cardiff which closed in 2015 after 29 years of business[367]
Peter Brown Menswear chain purchased by Etam in 1987.[368]
Peter Pell
1957
Founded by Hector Mackenzie Frazer in 1957, three years after selling Town Tailors to Great Universal Stores.[81] In 1964 the menswear manufacturer and 45 shops were sold to UDS.
Phillips Character Shoes Shoe retailer owned by British Shoe Corporation.[369][370]
Thomas Pike & Co 19th-century tailors based in Westminster Bridge Road, London[371]
Pilot
2005
70 strong ladies' retail chain that went into administration in 2005.[372]
Platform Nine Ladies' fashion retailer of the 1970s and 80s.
Pocock Brothers
1815
c.1960s
Founded a manufacturer of footwear in 1815,[373] but started around 1870 in retailing their own goods.[374]
Polikoff Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores.[375]
Pollards
1892
c.1990s
Founded by Waige Pollard,[376] the clothing and haberdashery shop[377] operated across the South East until the mid-1990s.
Hector Powe
1910
Founded in the City of London, by 1925 the business had expanded to six shops across London. During the Second World War the company provided uniforms for officers in the RAF.[378][202] The business was purchased by Hope Brothers in 1954, and in turn Great Universal Stores, who merged the business into its Burberry business.
Preston Sports
1984
c.1995/1996
Former trading name of Sports Direct—formerly Mike Ashley Sports. Changed from Preston to Sports Soccer in 1995/96.
Marcus Price 1960s chain of menswear shops.[379][380]
Priceless Shoes
2013
Merged with Stylo plc during the 1990s,[115] the business became one of its trading arsm, the other being Barratts. However, in 2009 Stylo went into administration. 220 Barratts and Priceless shops were closed, with the remaining 160 shops and 165 concessions being bought by Barratts Priceless Ltd. This however went into administration in 2011, with Barretts Trading, another Michael Ziff vehicle purchasing 89 of Priceless and Barratts shops. This however went into administration in 2013, with 14 shops being sold to Pavers Shoes and the brand and website being sold to footwear entrepreneur Harvey Jacobsen.
Principles
1984
2009
Founded by Burtons for fashion conscious women, with the men's shop Principle for Men opening in 1985. Menswear shop was phased out in late 90s. Shop sold off by Arcadia group in 2001 to a management buyout vehicle called Rubicon Retail. Rubicon was taken over by Mosaic Fashions in 2005. Mosaic Fashions went into administration in 2009, with all 66 Principles shops closing. The brand continues as part of Debenhams, who bought the name from the administrators.
Pysch
1989
2022
Founded in 1989 in Middlesbrough, purchased by Fraser Group in 2021.[381]
Pumpkin Patch
2012
Founded in New Zealand in 1990 by Sally Synott as a childrenswear brand.[382] The UK shops were closed in 2012,[383] however the UK website still operates and the clothing could be purchased in some British Home Stores shops.
QS Shops
1932
2006
QS started life as a clothing manufacturer. In the 1960s they opened their first shop selling clothing rejected by main buyer Marks & Spencer. In the 1980s the shop stopped selling seconds and went private in 1990. Was purchased by Hamsard 2353 in 2003 who brought it together with fellow purchase Bewise. Business went into administration in 2006. Some shops became part of Shop Twenty One.[131]
Qube Shoe retailer previously owned by Sir Tom Hunter, then by JJB Sports. Closed as part of JJB trying to save itself from administration.[360]
Quorum
1964
1969
Boutique based on Kings Road founded by designer Alice Pollock and textile designer Celia Birtwell, which became famous for its Ossie Clark/Alice Pollock fashions. Closed in 1969
Rabbits & Sons Ltd
1909
Founded in Newington Butts, London as a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, by the 1870s they had multiple shops across London.[384] In 1903 the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy & Willis and by 1909 had re-branded the shops.[385]
Ravel Shoes
1934
2007
Founded by Mrs Wise in 1934, the business grew having shops across London. In 1967 they purchased a shop in Oxford Street called Chausseurs Raul, and changed the name at first to Chausseurs Ravel, then just to plain Ravel.[386] In 1974 Clarks bought the remaining shares that they had not bought in 1967 when the Wise family retired. The business grew to 40 shops but in 2007 Clarks decided to rebrand or close Ravel shops due to slowing sales.[387] The Ravel name was purchased by Harvey Jacobson and is one of the 75 brands operated by his business, Jacobson Group.
Joyce Raymond Ladieswear retailer based at Jones Corner, Canvey Island.[388]
Razzle Dazzle Chain of ladies' fashion clothing shops in the 1980s.[389]
Red or Dead
1982
Founded by Wayne & Geraldine Hemmingway in 1982 as a stall in Camden Market, they quickly expanded opening their first shop in Rupert Street, Soho in 1986 and gradually growing to 16 shops.[390] In 1995 the Hemmingways sold the business to Stephen Hincliffe's facia group, however this entered administration in 1996 and the Hemmingways purchased the brand back operating it as a design brand only. In 1998 the brand was sold to the Pentland Group.
Austin Reed
1900
2016
Men's clothing shop whose first London shop was opened in Fenchurch Street in 1900, opening their Regent Street shop in 1911. Entered administration in 2016, with the administrator announcing closure of the brands 120 shops by the end of June 2016, with the brand name being purchased by the Edinburgh Woollen Mills.
Neville Reed National chain of men's tailors.[202][391][392]
Rego Clothiers Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores.[393] The business had 80 shops across the London district.[394]
Reid Brothers Men's tailors that was based at the junction of Briggate, Boar Lane and Duncan Street, Leeds during the 1940s.[395]
Remelle
High class ladies' outfitters based in Knowsley Road, Bolton during the 1950s.[396]
Republic
1998
Founded in 1985, as Just Jeans, after 1990, the name changed to Best Jeanswear; Republic was launched in 1998. On 28 February 2013, Sports Direct bought 114 Republic shops, the brand name, all remaining stock and own-brands including SoulCal, Crafted and Fabric from the administrators. The Republic head office was also purchased. Sports Direct attempted to negotiate a reduction in rent for a number of shops, but the proposal was rejected by its landlords for those shops: Intu and Land Securities. As a result, 20 shops were closed. The remaining Republic shops were subsequently merged with USC.
Richard Shops
1927
1999
Founded by Price Tailors in 1927. Purchased by UDS in 1958. UDS bought by Hanson plc in 1983 and sold Richard Shops to Habitat/Mothercare PLC, which became Shophouse plc (with the merger with BHS). Bought by Sears plc in 1992, which was bought by Sir Philip Green in 1999 and transferred to Arcadia Group. Richard Shops was immediately closed and shops were converted to other Arcadia group brands.
Ridleys Men's outfitters based in Tavern Street, Ipswich.[247]
George Ripley
1952
2016
Menswear shop based in Lytham St. Annes.[397]
Rogers & Co
1825
[398]
1967
Military tailor based in Bruton Street, London[399] which was purchased by Dege & Skinner in 1967.[400]
Rogers + Rogers
c.1990s
2001
Fashion brand started by Jeffrey Rogers which went into administration in 2001.
Jeffrey Rogers
c.1990s
2001
Retail business founded by designer Jeffrey Rogers during the 1990s. By 1994 the business had 39 shops. However the business went into administration in 2001. The brand name was purchased by Matalan in 2002.
Rosees Fashion Midlands based ladies' fashion chain of the 1960s.[401]
J. Roussel (Paris-London) Ladies' undergarment shop with shops at St. Ann Street, Manchester, 84 Bold Street, Liverpool, 179–181 Regent Street & 137 New Bond Street, London with further branches in Aberdeen, Birmingham, Bristol, Glasgow and Leeds.[402]
T. J. Rowan 19th-century ladies' and gents' tailors based in Kennington Road, London.[403]
A. W. Rust Leather retailer founded in Pitsea, Essex and traded for over 60 years in shops across South Essex.[404]
Samuel Brothers 19th-century tailors based in Piccadilly before moving to Ludgate Hill, London.[405] The business now operates a manufacturer of military and workwear and has been based at Deepcut Barracks since 1993.[406]
Saxone
1901
1997
Founded in 1901,[407] the shoe retailer and manufacturer merged with rival Lilley and Skinner in 1956. the business was purchased by Sears owned British Shoe Corporation in 1962. In 1996 sold Saxone to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
Scholes & Scholes Bolton menswear shop based in Nelson House, Nelson Square.[408] The business was voluntary wound up in 1988.[409]
The Scotch House
1900
2002
A Wollen and Cashmere retailer based in Central London and founded in 1900 by Gardiner Brothers, it was purchased by Great Universal Stores.[410] Business closed in 2002 and merged into Burberry brand, also owned by Great Universal.
Scotch Wool and Hosiery Shops
1899
Retail name for the wool millers of Fleming, Reid and Co. Acquired by J. and P. Coats, Patons and Baldwins in 1960.[411]
Scott Adie LONDON ILLUSTRATED p1.153 ADS. – SCOTT ADIE
1854
Scottish themed clothing warehouse and manufacturer, with shop located on the corner of Regent Street & Vigo Street, London.[412][413]
Seftons Seftons was a small chain of footwear shops based in the Bradford area that was purchased by Courtesy Shoes during the 1960s and rebranded as Medina Shoes.
Irvine Sellars House of Fashion
c.1960s
Founded by Irvine Sellars, a market trader in London & Essex[330] who opened his menswear boutique on Carnarby Street in the mid 60s[414] before opening his larger boutique chain Mates.
Sharps of Preston Ladieswear shop based in Preston.[415][416]
Shellys Shoes
1946
Founded as Direct Shoe Supplies in the Kilburn High Road, the name was changed to Shelly after the owners son Shelly Robbins.[417] The business expanded to 11 shops across the UK including the five floored shop in Oxford Street.[418] In 2002 the struggling business was bought by Stylo, however they disposed of the then 6 shops in 2008 to Eternal Best Industries of Hong Kong.[419] They have since relaunced Shelly of London as shoe brand and website.[citation needed]
Shoe City
c.1980s
1998
Out of town shoe supermarkets created by the British Shoe Corporation during the 1980s.[420] When Sears broke up the corporation during the 1990s, 47 Shoe City shops was sold to Belgium shoe business Brantano during 1998.[421]
Shoe Express
1987
New brand created by British Shoe Corporation during the 1980s to improve sales. Shops from other BSC brands were covereted into the new brand – the first being in St. Helens, Lancashire.[422]
Shoe Studio Former shoe business owned by Baugur through its subsidiary Mosaic, the business operated 11 stand-alone shops and concessions. The brands operated by Shoe Studio and its concessions were purchased by Dune in 2009.[423][424]
Shoefayre
1959
2007
Founded by the Co-operative Group as the co-operative footwear retailer.[425] The business was as a separate business owned by the Co-Op until 2005, when the organisation brought it under the control of its Specialist Retail Division.[426] At the same time the business announced a new refurbishment programme of its 260 shops.[427] In 2007 it was announced that Co-Op were looking for a buyer,[428] and in September it was announced that Shoe Zone had purchased the business. Shoefayre sites were either rebranded or closed by Shoe Zone after the purchase.[425]
Signet Shoe Company Shoe retailers based at 184 Oxford Street, London, with further shops in The Strand, Sloane Square, Piccadilly in Manchester and Lord Street, Liverpool.[429]
Silver Shoes
1980
Founded by Harry Demopoulos as Silver Shoes, becoming Tower Boots before changing its name to TOWER London.[430]
Simpsons of Picadilly
1894
2000
Founded as S. Simpson by Simeon Simpson was a manufacturer of bespoke tailoring based in London. In 1935 Simeon's son Alexander invented the first supporting trouser, and branded it DAKS. In 1936 Alexander opened the first Simpsons shop – Simpsons of Picadilly to sell he companies clothing. In 1991 the business was sold to Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited, who at the turn of the century moved the shop from Picadilly to Old Bond Street and renamed the business DAKS.
Smart Weston National menswear chain.[202][431]
Smiths Menswear Menswear chain headquartered in Edinburgh.[432]
Snob
c.1960s
c.1980s
1960s boutique fashion brand that started the change in clothing purchases.[433] Bought by Etam in 1987[434] and were eventually rebranded under the Etam or Tammy Girl names.
C. G. Southcott & Co
c.1880s
1980
A partnership founded in the 1880s as a clothing manufacturer, the business opened its first retail shop in the early 1900s. Mainly a retailer of menswear, the business also moved into manufacturing school uniforms. The business finally closed in 1980.[81]
John Southworth A shoe shop based in Preston purchased by Clarks in 1935.[435]
Spalding & Sons
19th Century
1940s
Chelmsford based sports outfitters, which were also a photography shop and toy seller. Originally based on Tindall Square before moving to property next to Saracen Head at 4–5 High Street in 1892.[436]
Sports Connection
1980
2003
Scottish based Sports chain that operated 30 shops until it went into administration in 2003. 24 of the shops were purchased by the Original Shoe Company.[437]
Sports Division
1984
1998
Started by Tom Hunter from the back of a van. He built the business up to the UK's largest sorts retailer, purchasing Sears Olympus Sports, before selling the business to smaller rival JJB in 1998.
Sports Soccer
c.1995–96
2005
Preston Sports changed their name to Sports Soccer in 1995 along with their head office relocation to Dunstable. Name was changed to Sports World in 2005.
Sports World
2005
2007
Rebranded name for Sports Soccer, which was re-branded to Sports Direct from 2007.
Start-rite Shoes
1920
Started by a Quant & Son, a shoe retailer in 1920, the business was purchased by James Southall, a footwear manufacturer in 1921.[438] The business grew into a manufacturing name and retail business,[219] before the retail business was closed down and shops sold to Jones the Bootmaker.
Stead & Simpson
2008
Founded in Leeds during the 19th century as curriers and leather dealers, the business moved into the manufacturing and retailing of footwear.[439] During the 1990s, they purchased the chains Lilley & Skinner and Shoe Express from Sears,[440] however the business went into administration in 2008, and was purchased by Shoe Zone who converted most of the shops to the Shoe Zone brand.
Mabel Stephenson Ltd Ladies' clothing shop based in Blackburn that was purchased by the Lytham St. Annes department store J.R. Taylor.[441]
Stewarts Middlesbrough based menswear manufacturer and retailer with 130 shops purchased by Prices Tailors, owners of Fifty Shilling Tailor, in 1932.[81]
Stirling Cooper
1967
c.1990s
Stirling Cooper was started by two London cab drivers Ronnie Stirling and Jeff Cooper in 1967 as a London-based fashion wholesaler and retailer. The business operated until the 1990s.
Stone Dri - The Direct Raincoat Company
1948
c.1970s
Founded when the four Stone brothers took over their father's coat making business.[442] The business expanded into retail and by 1960 had over 80 shops nationwide.[443] The business closed during the 1970s.
H. W. Stones Sports Essex based sports shop chain created by local multiple electrical retailer[444] and Fiat/Alfa Romeo dealer who helped set up Essex Radio.[445] Dennis Lloyd, father of British tennis stars John and David Lloyd, ran the Leigh shop.[446] The business was sold off to Mike Beesley to form M & J Sports.
Streetwise Sports
2009
Founded by Paul & Ian Simpson, the 32 shop chain was purchased by Sports Direct in 2006.[447] The business was sold by Sports Direct to Melvyn Reiss and Stephen Mucklow in 2008, however the business entered administration in Feb 2009.[citation needed]
Jeanne Stuart of Blackpool Ladies' fashion shop located at 13 & 23 Queen Street, Blackpool.[448]
Studd & Millington Tailors of the early 20th century based in several locations across London.[449] Also supplied officers of the British Army with uniform.[450]
Stylo
1935
Founded as Stylo Boot Company (Northern) Ltd after the amalgamation of three shoe business. In 1964 it had 150 shops and purchased rival W Barratt Boot & Shoe Company.[115] Eventually all branches were rebranded under the Barrets name.
SU214
c. Late 1990s
High-fashion menswear chain created by Arcadia group and named after the address of its flagship shop – 214 Oxford Street. Business was incorporated into Topman under the 'BrandMAX' initiative.
Sugg Sports
2001
Founded in Liverpool by Walter Sugg and his brother Frank, the business grew to 11 shops by its closure in 2001.[451]
The Suit Company
1982
2000
Retail brand opened by Moss Bros, which was incorporated into the new Code brand that existed from 2000 to 2002.
Suits You
2010
Rebranded name of Brick's Manshops, by Brian and Alex Brick, who sold their retail business SRG in 2005 for £30m.[142] The business was purchased by Egyptian group Arafa Holdings in 2008.[143] However the 66-shop business entered administration in October 2010,[144] 12 of the shops were purchased by the former owners and re-opened as Suit Direct.[145]
Sullivan Sports Liverpool based chain of sport shops purchased by Blacks Leisure in 1987.[225]
Swears and Wells
1816
c.1970s
Started by Frederick Swears and Thomas William Wells in Regent Street,[452] the shop became a national chain of furriers[179] that was purchased by UDS[453] and closed during the 1970s.
Take 6
c.1960s
Boutique founded in Carnaby Street, London that grew into a chain of fashion shops.[454][455][456]
Tammy Girl
2005
Founded by Etam UK as its children's business, the business was purchased by Philip Green in 2005, with all shops closed and the (now called) Tammy brand incorporated into British Home Stores.
E. Tautz & Sons
1867
Men's tailors which opened a shop at 485 Oxford Street. Shop destroyed by fire in 1898. Now a brand owned by tailors Norton & Sons.
Gilbert Taylor Men's outfitters based in Garden Street, St Annes on Sea[457] and Deansgate, Bolton.[458]
Teesside Sports Sports shop chain bought by Blacks in 1987, which became part of First Sport.[225]
John Temple Tailors Men's tailors chain purchased by Great Universal Stores.[459]
Thomas & Sons Ladies' and gents' hunting tailors based in Brook Street, London.[460][461][462]
Thornton & Co A manufacturer of Indian Rubber goods and seller of athletic wear who were based at 50/51 Briggate, Leeds.[463] The building is now grade 2 listed.[464]
Tie Rack
1981
2013
Tie Rack was founded in August 1981 by Roy Bishko with the first shop opening in Oxford Street, London. The business expanded to over 300 shops across the world, however in 2013 it was announced that all 44 of the remaining UK shops would be closed.
Timpson
1865
1987
Founded in Manchester by William Timpson and his brother in law, Walter Joyce as a shoe retailer. In 1884 they moved into manufacturing and then repairs in 1903. In 1973 after a boardroom battle between the Timpson family, United Drapery Shops purchased the business. UDS was purchased by Hanson Trust in 1983, and the breakup of the company included the sale of Timpson back to a buyout led by John Timpson. In 1987, Timpson sold off the shoe retailing business to rival Olivers, retaining the shoe repair business.
Tissimans
1601
2013
Opened as Slaters in 1601, before being renamed as Tissimans in the early 19th century. Closed by owners W. E. Cole in 2013.[465] Before its closure it claimed to be the world's oldest men's clothing establishment.[466]
Top Footwear for Men
1962
1992
It was founded in St. Albans in 1962. By 1973 the business had expanded to six shops, and this had grown to 23 by the end of the 1980s. In 1987 it changed its name to Top Shoes for Men. In 1991 the shop became Top Shoes, selling both men's and ladies' ranges, and in 1992 started changing the brand to SOLETRADER. By 2000 there were 40 shops in the chain. In 2003 the business started sister brand Sole, selling more luxury brands.[60]
Tower Boots
1980
Founded by Harry Demopoulos as Silver Shoes, becoming Tower Boots before changing its name to TOWER London.[430]
Town Tailors
c.1930s
Founded by Hector MacKenzie Frazer, it was a Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores in 1954.[467]
Trewby Brothers 19th-century ladies' costumier based in Waterloo Road, London.[468]
True Form
c.1891
1997
Founded by John (known as Jack) Sears in Northampton as a low price manufacturer and retailer of shoes.[469] Charles Clore purchased J Sears & Co, the parent company in 1953, and in 1956 reorganised Sears shoe business' into the British Shoe Corporation.[470] In 1996 it sold True Form to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia.[189] A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire.
S Tully 19th and early 20th century dressmaker and milliner based at 21 Great Russell Street, London.[471]
Turnbull, Reakes & Co 19th-century tailors based in The Strand, London.[472]
Turner Shoes 150 strong chain of shoe shops purchased by Hepworths in 1978.[369][473][474]
Tyler Shoes
1817
1996
Founded in Leceister in 1817 as a boot manufacturer,[475] they branched out into retailing having shops across the UK and Eire. In 1986 the business was purchased by Bensonshoe and its 61 shops were incorporated under the Discount Shoe Zone brand from 1996.
Van Allen
1981
Ladies' fashion shop[476] which closed in 1981 after being purchased by UDS three years earlier.[477]
Vantella Men's shirts shop that was based at 465 Oxford Street, London.[478]
Vince Man's Shop
1954
1969
Founded by Bill Green initially as a mail order business, before opening a boutique in Newburgh Street, London. The business continued to operate until it was closed in 1969.[221]
Virgo
2015
London based ladies' fashion retailer that went into administration in January 2015.[479]
Vogue Fashion Shops Clothing retaler owned by Great Universal Stores.[294]
Wade Smith
1981
2005
Founded by Robert Wade Smith in Liverpool,[480] the footwear retailer expanded to a 10 shop fashionwear chain before being purchased by the Arcadia Group in 1998. The business was sold by Arcadia back to Robert Wade Smith in 2001.[481] The business closed down in 2005.[482]
Wakefields (Midlands) Ltd Chain of 50 shops purchased by A G Milletts in 1984[259]
F. Wallis Hosier and glover based at 56 Briggate, Leeds. In 1919 the shop was replaced by Timpsons.[483]
Walwyns A shoe shop based in Moseley, Birmingham purchased by Clarks.
Terry Warner Sports
2000
Group of 21 shops, which was part of a management buyout in 1997.[484] The shops were purchased by Hargreaves Sports in 2000.[485]
Watson Prickard
c.19th century
2010
Founded in Liverpool during the 19th century, A W Cockeram bought the men's outfitters in 1893.[486] The Liverpool shop was located at North John Street in Liverpool,[487] and by the 1950s had a shop at 73/75 Princess Street, Manchester.[488] In 1993 the business opened a shop in Lord Street, Southport, however this was closed by Howard Cockeram in 2010.
Fred Watts & Co 19th-century menswear shop based in Tottenham Court Road & Euston Road, London,[489] which was believed to have been swallowed up by rival London firm Chas Baker & Co.
Weaver to Weaver
c.1930s
Retail arm of Towns Tailors.[490] Name was changed to Towns Tailors after Great Universal Stores purchased the business in 1954.
Werff Werff Brothers were founded in London during the 19th century and by the 1960s were a national chain for ladieswear.[491] Werff also operated the My Fur Lady fur brand.[492]
West 8 Small chain of sports shops based in London owned founded by the Spurling family.[493] The business was bought by Blacks Leisure in 1988 and merged into its newly created First Sport division.[494]
Western Jean Company
1976
Chain of jeans and casual wear shops purchased by French Connection. Company is still registered as a dormant business along with French Connection at 20–22 Bedford Row, London.[495]
Whitneys Clothing retaler owned by Great Universal Stores.[95]
Wilderness Ways
1997
Outdoor clothing, footwear and equipment chain purchased and rebranded by Nevisport in 1997.
Willerby & Co Men's tailors[496]
Williams & Hopkins
c.1970s
[114]
Costumier and draper based in Bournemouth,[497] whose name appeared in Vogue during the 1950s.[498]
J. O. Williams
1895
Based in the Castle Buildings, Llanelli. The self-styled ladies' and gents' tailor and costumier was an agent for Burberry.[499]
Willsons Fashions Ladies' fashion retailer that expanded after the Second World War.[128][500]
Wiltex Retail chain based in north of England purchased by Parkash Singh Chima along with Wiltex to form Bonmarché.
J & C Winter Holborn, London based Tailors and Outfitters founded in the 19th century.[501]
Woodrow Millners and outwear retailer based at 48Piccadilly, London with further branches at 42 Cornhill, London as well as Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow and Dublin.[502][503]
Woolf Brothers 19th-century men's tailors based in King William Street, London.[504]
M. Woolf 19th-century tailors based in Lower Marsh, Lambeth, London.[505]
Worth Et Cie 19th century corset makes based at 134 New Bond Street.[506]
Woven Trends
2017
Ladies' clothing and accessories company based in West Reading, specializing in luxury ladies' wear and accessories.
Wyles Brothers Founded in Derby as a footwear manufacturer, they moved into retail and had 50 shops before they were bought by G B Britton & Sons, manufacturers of TUF shoes in 1961.[507]
Xception New name for North West-based Parker Franks, a discounter selling a variety of clothes and homewares[508][356]
YHA Adventure Shops
1950
2004
Founded by the YHA as mail order business, the first shop opened in 1953 in Bedford Street, London. In 1990 the shop management bought the business from the YHA and formed YHA Adventure Shops plc. This company was wound up in 2004.
Zara Ladies' accessory shop located at 71 New Bond Street, London at the turn of the century.[509]

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