List of world records in athletics
World records in athletics are ratified by the International Association of Athletics Federations. Athletics records comprise the best performances in the sports of track and field, road running and racewalking.
Records are kept for all events contested at the Olympic Games and some others. Unofficial records for some other events are kept by track and field statisticians. The only non-metric track distance for which official records are kept is the mile run.
The criteria which must be satisfied for ratification also apply to national or other restricted records and also to performances submitted as qualifying marks for eligibility to compete in major events such as the Olympic Games.
The criteria include:
- The dimensions of the track and equipment used must conform to standards. In road events, the course must be accurately measured, by a certified measurer.
- Except in road events (road running and race walking), the performance must be set in a single-sex race.[Note 1]
- All team members in a relay race must be of the same nationality.
- Pacemakers are allowed, provided they have not been lapped; lapped athletes must give way.
- Drug testing immediately after the performance is now required for ratification of a record. Existing records which predate this requirement are still extant. Athletes who pass the immediate test but are later found to have been on drugs have their performances invalidated.
- In running events up to 200 m in distance and in horizontal jump events, wind assistance is permitted only up to 2.0 m/s. In decathlon or heptathlon, average wind assistance of less than 2.0 m/s is required across all applicable disciplines; and maximum of 4.0 m/s in any one event.
- In running events up to 800 m in distance, photo finish fully automatic timing is required.
- There is no restriction on altitude; since the thinner atmosphere of higher altitude provides less air resistance, locations such as Mexico City and Sestriere have previously been the sites of records in the sprint and jump events. See effects of high altitude on humans. Records set at high altitude venues are often marked with an "A" though that does not disqualify it as a record. Under those circumstances, a "sea level" best is also tracked by statisticians. Long-distance races run at altitude, with less oxygen available to the athlete, have shown to be to the athlete's disadvantage.
- In road events, the course is not required to be a circuit, but the overall decrease in elevation between the start and finish shall not exceed 1:1000, i.e. 1 m/km.
- In road events, the start and finish points of a course, measured along a theoretical straight line between them, shall not be further apart than 50% of the race distance.
Bonus payments
Witnessing a world record brings great pleasure for athletics fans; athletes' personal sponsors and the promoters of major meetings such as the IAAF Golden League have offered bonuses to athletes breaking a record.
Some middle-distance runners have specialized in acting as pacemakers in longer races, receiving a fee without even finishing the race, and possibly a bonus if a record results. This is a useful occupation for athletes who are capable of running accurately to a specified pace, but not capable of the very fastest times to become champions in their own right.
In the pole vault record bonuses create an incentive for an athlete capable of smashing a record to instead break it by the minimum amount (one centimetre), multiple times, at multiple meetings, in order to accumulate multiple bonuses. This has been done by Sergey Bubka in the men's pole vault, and Yelena Isinbayeva in the women's pole vault. Some commentators have complained that neither athlete ever posted as high a mark as they were capable of. In other disciplines this issue does not arise, since it is practically impossible to deliberately break a record by a small margin, except in the high jump.[2]
World records
The IAAF started to recognize world records in 1912, and indoor world records after 1987. In 2000, IAAF rule 260.18a (formerly 260.6a) was amended, so that "world records" (as opposed to "indoor world records") can be set in a facility "with or without roof." This rule was not applied retroactively,[3] and has thus far only affected the men's and women's pole vault. Numerous women's records were set indoors and ratified as world records, as recently as 2004. Sergey Bubka's 1993 pole vault world indoor record of 6.15 m was not considered to be a world record, because it was set before the new rule came into effect. In February 2014, Bubka's record was surpassed indoors by Renaud Lavillenie jumping 6.16 m which qualifies as both the Indoor world record and the world record.
Men
Key: Awaiting ratification
Women
Note: up until 2004, the fastest time in the marathon was officially known as "world's best time" rather than "world record time", owing to the non-uniform nature of marathon courses for these events. This older terminology is still sometimes encountered.
Indoor world records
Men
Women
X = unratified due to no doping control
Best performances in non-IAAF World Record events
Events which do not qualify for IAAF-ratified world records are typically referred to as world bests. While very common in the first half of 20th century, a large number of races over distances by imperial measurements became rare occurrences and the IAAF removed all imperial measured events from its world record lists in 1976 – with the sole exception being the mile run (which remains common due to its historical prominence in track and field).
Some road racing distances and indoor variations of outdoor events fall outside of IAAF's lists. Records set in uncommon events usually do not adhere to the strict criteria found in IAAF-ratifiable events. One example is the 150 metres record, which was set by Usain Bolt on a specially-made straight track, while previous performances (such as the Bailey–Johnson 150-metre race) were completed on a traditional circuit which included a partial bend in the track.
The 40 yard dash – a standard acceleration evaluation for American Football players – does not fall within the usual criteria of athletics racing events. In most 40 yard dashes, reaction times are not recorded as timing starts only once the player is in motion, and the standards for timing a "football 40" are so lax and inconsistent that a real world record cannot be claimed. Performances are hand-timed and calculated to 1/100th of a second, although studies show human beings simply cannot react consistently or accurately enough for this to be a valid method; even those using light beams are timed by the motion of the athlete, still removing the normal factor of reaction time. All these factors make track and "football 40" performances incomparable. The world best time for a "football 40" is 4.17 by Deion Sanders. The extrapolated best for an Olympic level athlete, including reacting to a starting gun, currently is by Maurice Greene at the 2001 World Championships in Athletics with a time of 4.24.[68][69]
Outdoor events
Men
Women
Event | Record | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Meet | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
50 m | 5.93+ (−0.1 m/s) | Marion Jones | United States | 22 August 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | |
60 m | 6.85+ (−0.1 m/s) | Marion Jones | United States | 22 August 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | |
100 y | 9.91+ (+1.1 m/s) | Veronica Campbell-Brown | Jamaica | 31 May 2011 | Golden Spike Ostrava | Ostrava, Czech Republic | [99] |
150 m (bend) | 16.10+ (+1.3 m/s) | Florence Griffith Joyner | United States | 29 September 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | |
16.46 (−1.5 m/s) | Merlene Ottey | Jamaica | 27 September 1989 | Trapani, Italy | [100][101] | ||
150 m straight | 16.36 (+0.2 m/s) | Allyson Felix | United States | 25 May 2013 | Manchester City Games | Manchester, United Kingdom | [102] |
200 m straight | 22.55 (+0.2 m/s) | Allyson Felix | United States | 16 May 2010 | Great City Games Manchester | Manchester, United Kingdom | [79] |
300 m | 34.14+ (ht) | Marita Koch | East Germany | 6 October 1985 | World Cup | Canberra, Australia | |
35.30 A | Ana Guevara | Mexico | 3 May 2003 | GP Banamex Meeting | Mexico City, Mexico | [103] | |
500 m | 1:05.9 | Tatana Kocembova | Czechoslovakia | 2 August 1984 | Ostrava, Czechoslovakia | ||
600 m | 1:22.63 A | Ana Quirot | Cuba | 25 July 1997 | Guadalajara, Mexico | ||
Two miles | 8:58.58 | Meseret Defar | Ethiopia | 14 September 2007 | Memorial Van Damme | Brussels, Belgium | |
5 km (road) | 14:46 | Meseret Defar | Ethiopia | 9 April 2006 | 15th Carlsbad 5000 | Carlsbad, United States | |
4 miles (road) | 19:14 | Viola Kibiwot | Kenya | 13 October 2013 | 4 Mile of Groningen | Groningen, Netherlands | [104] |
8 km (road) | 24:30+ | Mary Keitany | Kenya | 18 February 2011 | Ras Al Khaimah Half Marathon | Ras al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates | [85] |
10 miles (road) | 50:05+ | Mary Keitany | Kenya | 18 February 2011 | Ras Al Khaimah Half Marathon | Ras al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates | [85] |
35 km (road) | 1:54:49+ | Liliya Shobukhova | Russia | 9 October 2011 | Chicago Marathon | Chicago, United States | [38] |
40 km (road) | 2:11:28+ | Liliya Shobukhova | Russia | 9 October 2011 | Chicago Marathon | Chicago, United States | [38] |
200 m hurdles (bend) |
24.8 (ht) (+0.4 m/s) | Yadisleidy Pedroso | Italy | 6 April 2013 | Caserta, Italy | [105] | |
25.6 (ht) (-0,7 m/s) | Patricia Girard | France | 23 August 2001 | Nantes, France | [106] | ||
25.82 (+1.7 m/s) | Patricia Girard | France | 22 September 1999 | Nantes, France | |||
200 m hurdles (straight) |
25.05 (+1.0 m/s) | Meghan Beesley | Great Britain | 17 May 2014 | Manchester City Games | Manchester, United Kingdom | [107] |
300 m hurdles | 38.16 | Zuzana Hejnová | Czech Republic | 3 August 2013 | Grand Prix of Cheb | Cheb, Czech Republic | [108] |
2000 m steeplechase | 6:03.38 | Wioletta Janowska | Poland | 15 July 2006 | Gdańsk, Poland | ||
20 lb weight throw | 24.57 m | Brittany Riley | United States | 27 January 2007 | |||
3000 m walk (track) | 11:48.24 | Ileana Salvador | Italy | 29 August 1993 | Padua, Italy | [109] | |
5000 m walk (track) | 20:01.80 | Eleonora Giorgi | Italy | 18 May 2014 | Italian Clubs League Meet | Misterbianco, Italy | [110] |
50 km walk (road) | 4:10:59 | Monica Svensson | Sweden | 21 October 2007 | Scanzorosciate, Italy | ||
4×100 m hurdles relay | 50.78 | Team BoogieFast TC Nia Ali (12.73) Kristi Castlin (12.56) Yvette Lewis (12.76) Queen Harrison (12.61) |
United States | 6 April 2013 | Florida Relays | Gainesville, United States | [111] |
Sprint medley relay | 3:34.56 | Sherri-Ann Brooks (200 m) Rosemarie Whyte(200 m) Moya Thompson 51.7 (400 m) Kenia Sinclair 1:57.43 (800 m) |
Jamaica | April 2009 | Penn Relays | Philadelphia, United States | |
Distance medley relay | 10:48.38 | Villanova University Kathy Franey 3:20.9 (1200 m) Michelle Bennett 52.9 (400 m) Celeste Halliday 2:04.7 (800 m) Vicki Huber 4:29.9 (1600 m) |
United States | April 1988 | Penn Relays | Philadelphia, United States |
Indoor events
Men
Women
ht = hand timing
+ = en route to a longer distance
A = affected by altitude
OT = oversized track
X = annulled due to doping violations
# = not officially ratified by IAAF
a = aided road course according to IAAF rule 260.28
est = estimate
Notes
Women's 100 m
It is widely believed that the wind gauge was faulty for the race in which Florence Griffith Joyner set the official world record for the women's 100 m of 10.49 s.[146] A 1995 report commissioned by the IAAF estimated the true wind speed was between +5.0 m/s and +7.0 m/s, rather than the 0.0 recorded.[146] If this time, recorded in the quarter-final of the 1988 U.S. Olympic trials, were excluded, the world record would be 10.61 s, recorded the next day at the same venue by the same athlete in the final.[146][147]
Javelin specifications
The men's javelin specification was changed with effect from 1986, and the women's from 2000. The purpose was to reduce the number of illegal flat landings, but a side-effect was to reduce the distance travelled. The prior world records in individual men's and women's javelin were invalidated, but the prior records in decathlon and heptathlon were not.[148]
The old specification records for men's and women's javelin were as follows:
Event | Record | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Meet | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men's | 104.80 m | Uwe Hohn | East Germany | 20 July 1984 | East Berlin, East Germany | ||
Women's | 80.00 m | Petra Felke | East Germany | 9 September 1988 | Potsdam, East Germany |
The current decathlon world record was set with the current javelin specification. The best performance in heptathlon using the new specification javelin is:
Performance | Athlete | Nationality | Date | Meet | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7032 | Carolina Klüft | Sweden | 26 August 2007 | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | [149] |
13.15 (+0.1 m/s) (100 m hurdles), 1.95 m (high jump), 14.81 m (shot put), 23.38 (+0.3 m/s) (200 m) / 6.85 m (+1.0 m/s) (long jump), 47.98 m[Note 12](javelin), 2:12.56 (800 m) |
Other Notes
- ^ Rule 260, part 18. IAAF COMPETITION RULES 2008.
- ^ downhill point-to-point course and wind assisted
- ^ actually 1:17:25.5 but ratified as 1:17:25.6
- ^ not ratified because there was no doping control
- ^ The IAAF announced 12 August 2008 that they had rescinded the 1998 world record of 2:54.20 after relay team member Antonio Pettigrew admitted to his use of human growth hormone and EPO between 1997 and 2003. [1]
- ^ This time was rescinded by the IAAF after Johnson admitted to using steroids between 1981 and 1988.
- ^ insufficient or no doping control
- ^ insufficient doping control; IAAF rejected the time of 3:01.96 as no post-race EPO analysis was performed.
- ^ no international judges
- ^ This time was rescinded after Johnson admitted using steroids between 1981 and 1988.
- ^ This is the fastest indoor steeplechase with a water-jump.
- ^ This is 2.32 m farther than the distance thrown by Jackie Joyner-Kersee during her world record-setting heptathlon performance of 23–24 September 1988, despite Klüft using the new specification javelin.
See also
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(help) - ^ "Spearmon sets world record in indoor 300 meters". www.usatoday.com. 2008-02-11. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "World records and best performances, men's indoor". www.athleticsweekly.com. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ^ Amy Shipley (2010-07-03). "Arlington's Michael Wardian sets indoor 200-meter track marathon record". Washington Post. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
- ^ "Michael Wardian Sets World Indoor Marathon Record". www.arlnow.com. 2010-07-02. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
- ^ "2000 Metres Steeplechase Results". www.timetronics.be. 2011-02-13. Retrieved 2011-02-13.
- ^ John Mulkeen (2011-02-14). "Koech sets world record, Collins speeds up, Oliver and Wells dominate". www.athleticsweekly.com. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Rarest indoor best beaten". IAAF. 1999-02-11. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ "Herbert sets all-time best for indoor 400m Hurdles in Vaasa". IAAF. 2005-02-10. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ "Meeting National Val-de-Reuil 2012 Complete Results". www.bases.athle.com. 18 February 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ^ "Félix Sánchez corre los 400 metros vallas en 48.78" (in Spanish). www.listindiario.com.do. 18 February 2012. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
- ^ Storåkers, Johan (2009-03-22). "Kanter throws 69.51m world indoor best in Växjö". IAAF. Retrieved 2010-03-28.
- ^ "World Indoor Throwing 2011 Complete Results" (PDF). www.worldindoorthrowing.com. 13 March 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ Matthew Brown (15 February 2014). "Dibaba smashes two miles world best in Birmingham, Aman 800m in 1:44.52". IAAF. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
- ^ "Dubai: Top five under 2:05! from Alfons Jucks, EME News, deep thoughts by Larry Eder". www.runblogrun.com. 26 January 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
- ^ "2013 Central FD Indoor Championships Results". ARAF. 24 January 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
- ^ "Botnia Games 2010 Results". www.botniagames.fi. 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ "Other News". eme.news. 2010-02-11. Retrieved 2010-03-13.
- ^ "World records and best performances, women's indoor". www.athleticsweekly.com. 2011-02-05. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ "Verdensrekord av Tomb" (in Norwegian). www.adressa.no. 2011-02-09. Retrieved 2011-03-27.
- ^ Stéphane Liaudet (2011-02-13). "Un record du monde en 5641 et quel spectacle pour cette 2ème édition du meeting de Val de Reuil !!!" (in French). www.vrac.athle.com. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
- ^ Larry Eder (2011-02-13). "ALL-TIME BEST FOR TOSTA". www.runblogrun.com. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
- ^ "400 Metres Hurdles Results". www.bases.athle.com. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
- ^ Larry Eder (9 February 2014). "Boston, Sheffield, results from around the globe for Feb. 7-8, 2014, from EME News". www.runblogrun.com. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
- ^ "Discus Throw Results". www.live.time4results.com. 8 February 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2014.
- ^ "World Indoor Throwing 2012 Complete Results" (PDF). www.worldindoorthrowing.com. 11 March 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ a b "World records and best performances, women's indoor". www.athleticsweekly.com. Retrieved 2011-06-11.
- ^ "Russia's Sokolova sets 5000m walk world indoor best". EAA. 2011-01-05. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
- ^ "4x100 Metres Relay Results". www.bw-bank-meeting.de. 2010-01-31. Retrieved 2010-05-30.
- ^ "Distance Medley Relay Results" (PDF). www.flashresults.com. 14 March 2009. Retrieved 1 February 2012.
- ^ a b c Linthorne, Nicholas P. (June 1995). "The 100-m World Record by Florence Griffith-Joyner at the 1988 U.S. Olympic Trials" (PDF). Brunel University. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ^ "Women's outdoor 100m". All-time top lists. IAAF. 17 September 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ^ Litsky, Frank (23 February 1999). "Notebook — Women's Heptathlon; Joyner-Kersee's Record Is Erased". The New York Times. p. 6. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
- ^ "Women's outdoor heptathlon". All-time top lists. IAAF. 17 September 2011. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
External links
Statistics
- Records overview – IAAF
- Official world outdoor records – men – IAAF
- Official world outdoor records – women – IAAF
- Official world indoor records – men – IAAF
- Official world indoor records – women – IAAF
- World Record progression in athletics – athletix.org
- Track and Field all-time performances
- Masters Track & Field World Records
Rules
- Competition Rules 2009 – IAAF.org (PDF file, 1.4 MB)