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'''Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao''' ({{lang-kn|ಕಲ್ಯಾಂಪುದಿ ರಾಧಾಕೃಷ್ಣ ರಾಯ}}) [[Royal Society|FRS]] known as '''C R Rao''' (born September 10, 1920) is an [[India]]n [[statistician]]. He is currently [[professor emeritus]] at [[Penn State University]] and Research Professor at the [[University at Buffalo]]. Rao has been honored by numerous colloquia, honorary degrees, and [[festschrift]]s and was awarded the US [[National Medal of Science]] in 2002.<ref name=amstat>http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=13</ref> The [[American Statistical Association]] has described him as "a living legend whose work has influenced not just statistics, but has had far reaching implications for fields as varied as economics, genetics, anthropology, geology, national planning, demography, biometry, and medicine."<ref name=amstat/> The Times of India listed Rao as one of the top 10 Indian scientists of all time.<ref>http://www.crraoaimscs.org/crrao_news.html</ref>
'''Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao''' ({{lang-te|కల్యంపూడి రాధాకృష్ణా రావు}};{{lang-kn|ಕಲ್ಯಾಂಪುದಿ ರಾಧಾಕೃಷ್ಣ ರಾಯ}}) [[Royal Society|FRS]] known as '''C R Rao''' (born September 10, 1920) is an [[India]]n [[statistician]]. He is currently [[professor emeritus]] at [[Penn State University]] and Research Professor at the [[University at Buffalo]]. Rao has been honored by numerous colloquia, honorary degrees, and [[festschrift]]s and was awarded the US [[National Medal of Science]] in 2002.<ref name=amstat>http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=13</ref> The [[American Statistical Association]] has described him as "a living legend whose work has influenced not just statistics, but has had far reaching implications for fields as varied as economics, genetics, anthropology, geology, national planning, demography, biometry, and medicine."<ref name=amstat/> The Times of India listed Rao as one of the top 10 Indian scientists of all time.<ref>http://www.crraoaimscs.org/crrao_news.html</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==

Revision as of 21:30, 5 April 2011

C. R. Rao
Born (1920-09-10) September 10, 1920 (age 103)
Hadagali, Kingdom of Mysore,
British India
NationalityIndia
Alma materAndhra University
University of Calcutta
Cambridge University
Known forCramér–Rao bound
Rao–Blackwell theorem
orthogonal arrays
AwardsPadma Vibhushan
National Medal of Science
S. S. Bhatnagar Prize
Guy Medal (Silver 1965, Gold 2011)
Scientific career
FieldsMathematician
InstitutionsIndian Statistical Institute
Cambridge University
Penn State University
Doctoral advisorRonald Fisher

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (Telugu: కల్యంపూడి రాధాకృష్ణా రావు;Kannada: ಕಲ್ಯಾಂಪುದಿ ರಾಧಾಕೃಷ್ಣ ರಾಯ) FRS known as C R Rao (born September 10, 1920) is an Indian statistician. He is currently professor emeritus at Penn State University and Research Professor at the University at Buffalo. Rao has been honored by numerous colloquia, honorary degrees, and festschrifts and was awarded the US National Medal of Science in 2002.[1] The American Statistical Association has described him as "a living legend whose work has influenced not just statistics, but has had far reaching implications for fields as varied as economics, genetics, anthropology, geology, national planning, demography, biometry, and medicine."[1] The Times of India listed Rao as one of the top 10 Indian scientists of all time.[2]

Early life

C R Rao was born in Hadagali, Karnataka, India. He received an MSc degree in mathematics from Andhra University and an MSc degree in statistics from Calcutta University in 1943.

Academic career

Rao worked at the Indian Statistical Institute and the Anthropological Museum in Cambridge before acquiring a Ph.D. degree at King's College in Cambridge University under R.A. Fisher in 1948, to which he added a Sc.D. degree, also from Cambridge, in 1965.

He held several important positions, as the Director of the Indian Statistical Institute, Jawaharlal Nehru Professor and National Professor in India, University Professor at the University of Pittsburgh and Eberly Professor and Chair of Statistics and Director of the Center for Multivariate Analysis at the Pennsylvania State University. As Head and later Director of the Research and Training School at the Indian Statistical Institute for a period of over 40 years, Rao developed research and training programs and produced several leaders in the field of Mathematics. On the basis of Dr. Rao's recommendation, the ASI (The Asian Statistical Institute) now known as Statistical Institute for Asia and Pacific was established in Tokyo to provide training to statisticians working in government and industrial organizations.[3]

Among his best-known discoveries are the Cramér–Rao bound and the Rao–Blackwell theorem both related to the quality of estimators. Other areas he worked in include multivariate analysis, estimation and differential geometry. His other contributions include the Fisher–Rao Theorem, Rao distance, and orthogonal arrays. He is the author of 14 books and has published over 400 journal publications.

Rao has received over 30 honorary doctoral degrees from universities in 17 countries around the world and numerous awards and medals for his contributions to statistics and science. He is a member of eight National Academies in India, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Italy. Rao was awarded the United States National Medal of Science, that nation's highest award for lifetime achievement in fields of scientific research, in June 2002. The latest addition to his collection of awards is the India Science Award for 2010, the highest honor conferred by the government of India in scientific domain.

He has been the President of the International Statistical Institute, Institute of Mathematical Statistics (USA), and the International Biometric Society. He was inducted into the Hall of Fame of India's National Institution for Quality and Reliability (Chennai Branch) for his contribution to industrial statistics and the promotion of quality control programs in industries.

Areas of research contributions

Awards and medals

In his honor

References

  1. ^ a b http://www.amstat.org/about/statisticiansinhistory/index.cfm?fuseaction=biosinfo&BioID=13
  2. ^ http://www.crraoaimscs.org/crrao_news.html
  3. ^ http://www.stat.psu.edu/~crrao/bio.htm
  4. ^ Honoris Causa

For the Cramér–Rao inequality and the Rao–Blackwell theorem see the relevant entries on

Photograph of Rao with Harald Cramér in 1978

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