From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Template:Linked-title is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in leap years ). There are 286 days remaining. March 20 is also the usual date of the vernal equinox (first day of spring) in the Northern Hemisphere , and the autumnal equinox (first day of autumn) in the Southern Hemisphere .
Events
1602 - The Dutch East India Company is established.1739 - Nadir Shah occupies Delhi in India and sacks the city, stealing the jewels of the Peacock Throne .1760 - The "Great Fire " of Boston destroys 349 buildings.1815 - Napoleon enters Paris after escaping from Elba with a regular army of 140,000 and a volunteer force of around 200,000, beginning his "Hundred Days " rule.1848 - Revolutions of 1848 in the German states : King Ludwig I of Bavaria abdicates.1852 - Harriet Beecher Stowe 's Uncle Tom's Cabin 1856 - Costa Rican troops rout Walker 's soldiers.1861 - An earthquake completely destroys Mendoza , a city on western Argentina .1883 - Signature of Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property .1899 - At Sing Sing prison, Martha M. Place becomes the first woman executed in an electric chair .1913 - Sung Chiao-jen , a founder of the Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang ) (KMT ), is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days later.1914 - In New Haven, Connecticut , the first international figure skating championship takes place.1916 - Albert Einstein publishes his theory of relativity .1922 - The USS Langley is commissioned as the first United States Navy aircraft carrier .1933 - Giuseppe Zangara is executed in Florida's electric chair for fatally shooting Anton Cermak in an assassination attempt against Franklin Delano Roosevelt .1942 - In Zgierz , Poland , 100 Poles are taken from a labor camp and shot by the Germans.1942 - Holocaust : in Rohatyn , western Ukraine , on Friday, German SS murder 3000 Jews , including 600 Jewish children, annihalating 70 % of Rohatyn 's Jewish ghetto . The entire action took one day, from early morning to five o'clock in the evening. All the dead were buried in a mass grave behind the railroad station in Rohatyn .
1942 - World War II : General Douglas MacArthur , at Terowie , South Australia , makes his famous speech regarding the fall of the Philippines , in which he says: "I came out of Bataan and I shall return".
1948 - With a Musicians Union ban lifted, the first telecasts of classical music in the United States , under Eugene Ormandy and Arturo Toscanini , are given on CBS and NBC .1951 - Fujiyoshida , a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture , Japan , in the center of the Japanese main island of Honshū . was founded. The city rests at the base of majestic Mount Fuji , and is built upon old lava flows.1952 - The United States Senate ratifies a peace treaty with Japan .1956 - Tunisia gains independence from France .1964 - The precursor of the European Space Agency , ESRO (European Space Research Organization ) is established per an agreement signed on June 14 , 1962 .1969 - In Gibraltar , John Lennon and Yoko Ono get married.1974 - A failed kidnap attempt is made on Her Royal Highness Princess Anne and her husband Captain Mark Phillips in The Mall , outside Buckingham Palace , London .1985 - Libby Riddles becomes the first woman to win the 1,135-mile Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race .1986 - Jacques Chirac becomes Prime Minister of France .1987 - The Food and Drug Administration approves anti-AIDS drug AZT .1990 - Ferdinand Marcos 's widow, Imelda Marcos , goes on trial for bribery , embezzlement , and racketeering .1993 - A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb explodes in Warrington , northwest England , killing two children.1995 - Sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway killing 12 and wounding 1300 persons.2000 - Jamil Abdullah Al-Amin , a former Black Panther once known as H. Rap Brown , is captured after a gun battle that leaves a Georgia sheriff's deputy dead.2003 - 2003 invasion of Iraq : In the early hours of the morning, the United States and three other countries begin military operations in Iraq .2004 - Stephen Harper wins the leadership of the newly created Conservative Party of Canada , thus becoming the first leader in the party's history.2005 - A magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits Fukuoka , Japan , its first major quake in over 100 years. One person is killed, hundreds are injured and evacuated.2006 - Cyclone Larry makes landfall in eastern Australia .2006 - Over 150 Chadian soldiers are killed in eastern Chad by members of the rebel UFDC . The rebel movement sought to overthrow Chadian president Idriss Deby .
Births
43 BC - Ovid , Roman poet (d. 17 )1477 - Jerome Emser , German theologian (d. 1527 )1502 - Pierino Belli , Italian soldier and jurist (d. 1575 )1725 - Abdul Hamid I , Ottoman Sultan (d. 1789 )1735 - Torbern Bergman , Swedish chemist (d. 1784 )1737 - Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke , King of Thailand (d. 1809 )1741 - Jean Antoine Houdon , French sculptor (d. 1828 )1770 - Friedrich Hölderlin , German writer (d. 1843 )1799 - Karl August Nicander , Swedish poet (d. 1839 )1811 - Napoleon II of France , (d. 1832 )1823 - Ned Buntline , American publisher (d. 1886 )1828 - Henrik Ibsen , Norwegian writer (d. 1906 )1831 - Solomon L. Spink , U.S. Congressman (d. 1881 )1834 - Charles W. Eliot , President of Harvard University (d. 1926 )1836 - Sir Edward Poynter , British painter (d. 1919 )1840 - Illarion Pryanishnikov , Russian painter (d. 1894 )1856 - Sir John Lavery , Irish artist (d. 1941 )1856 - Frederick Winslow Taylor , American inventor (d. 1915 )
1870 - Paul Emil von Lettow-Vorbeck , German general (d. 1964 )1873 - Sergei Rachmaninoff , Russian composer (d. 1943 )1874 - Börries von Münchhausen , German poet (d. 1945 )1876 - Payne Whitney , American businessman (d. 1927 )1890 - Beniamino Gigli , Italian tenor (d. 1957 )1890 - Lauritz Melchior , Danish tenor (d. 1973 )
1895 - Fredric Wertham , German-born psychologist (d. 1981 )1897 - Ruby Muhammad , American matriarch of Black Islam1903 - Edgar Buchanan , American actor (d. 1979 )1904 - B. F. Skinner , American psychologist (d. 1990 )1906 - Abraham Beame , American politician (d. 2001 )1906 - Ozzie Nelson , American actor (d. 1975 )
1908 - Michael Redgrave , English actor (d. 1985 )1911 - Alfonso García Robles , Nobel laureate (d. 1991 )1915 - Rudolf Kirchschläger , President of Austria (d. 2000 )1915 - Sviatoslav Richter , Ukrainian pianist (d. 1997 )
1917 - Vera Lynn , English actress and singer1918 - Jack Barry , American TV host (d. 1984 )1918 - Marian McPartland , British jazz musician
1920 - Pamela Harriman , British-American diplomat (d. 1997 )1921 - Sister Rosetta Tharpe , American singer (d. 1973 )1922 - Ray Goulding , American comedian (d. 1990 )1922 - Carl Reiner , American director
1925 - John Ehrlichman , American political figure (d. 1999 )1928 - Fred Rogers , American TV host (d. 2003 )1931 - Hal Linden , American actor1933 - George Altman , American baseball player1933 - Alexander Gorodnitsky , Russian geologist and poet
1934 - Willie Brown , American politician1935 - Ted Bessell , American actor (d. 1996 )1936 - Vaughn Meader , American comedian (d. 2004 )1937 - Jerry Reed , American musician1939 - Brian Mulroney , former Prime Minister of Canada 1941 - Pat Corrales , American baseball player1943 - Gerard Malanga , American poet and photographer1943 - Naima Neidre , Estonian graphic artist
1943 - Paul Junger Witt , American TV producer
1945 - Henry Bartholomay , American fighter pilot1945 - Pat Riley , American basketball player and coach
1945 - Jay Ingram , Canadian television host and author
1945 - Rick Berman , American TV and film producer
1948 - John de Lancie , American actor1948 - Bobby Orr , Canadian ice hockey player
1949 - Marcia Ball , American singer1950 - William Hurt , American actor1950 - Carl Palmer , English drummer (Emerson, Lake & Palmer )
1951 - Jimmie Vaughan , American blues guitarist1957 - Vanessa Bell Calloway , American actress1957 - Spike Lee , American film director
1957 - David Foster , Australian world champion woodchopper
1958 - Holly Hunter , American actress1958 - Phil Anderson , Australian cyclist
1959 - Sting , American professional wrestler1959 - Steve McFadden , British actor
1961 - Slim Jim Phantom , American musician (Stray Cats )1961 - Jesper Olsen , Danish footballer1962 - Stephen Sommers , American film director1963 - Paul Annacone , American tennis player1963 - Kathy Ireland , American model
1964 - Natacha Atlas , Belgian singer1969 - Mannie Fresh , American producer1971 - Touré , American writer1971 - Manny Alexander , Dominican baseball player
1972 - Alexander Kapranos , Greek-British musician (Franz Ferdinand )1973 - Jung Woo-sung , South Korean actor1974 - Paula Garces , Colombian actress1974 - Andrzej Pilipiuk , Polish writer
1976 - Chester Bennington , American musician (Linkin Park )1979 - Bianca Lawson , American actress1980 - Jamal Crawford , American basketball player1980 - Ock Ju-Hyun , South Korean singer
1982 - Nick Wheeler , American guitarist (The All-American Rejects )1982 - Terrence Duffin , Zimbabwean cricketer
1984 - Marcus Vick , American football player1984 - Fernando Torres , Spanish footballer
1984 - Christy Carlson Romano , American actress
1984 - Winta , Norwegian musician
1985 - Chris Beattie , British actor1987 - Rollo Weeks , British actor
Deaths
1191 - Frederick VI, Duke of Swabia (b. 1167 )1239 - Hermann von Salza , Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (c. 1179 )1413 - King Henry IV of England (b. 1367 )1568 - Duke Albert of Prussia (b. 1490 )1586 - Richard Maitland , Scottish statesman and historian (b. 1496 )1619 - Mathias, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1557 )1673 - Augustyn Kordecki , Polish prior (b. 1603 )1727 O.S. - Sir Isaac Newton , English physicist (b. 1642 )1730 - Adrienne Lecouvreur , French actress (b. 1692 )1732 - Johann Ernst Hanxleden , German philologist (b. 1681 )1746 - Nicolas de Largillière , French painter (b. 1656 )1780 - Sir Benjamin Truman - English brewer (b. 1699 /1700 )1793 - William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield , Scottish judge and politician (b. 1705 )1835 - Louis-Leopold Robert , French painter (b. 1794 )1855 - Joseph Aspdin , English mason and inventor (b. 1788 )1865 - Keisuke Yamanami , Japanese samurai (b. 1833 )1874 - Hans Christian Lumbye , Danish composer (b. 1810 )1878 - Julius Robert von Mayer , German physician and physicist (b. 1814 )1890 - Alexander F. Mozhaiski , aviation pioneer (b. 1825 )1897 - Apollon Maykov , Russian poet (b. 1821 )1899 - Franz Ritter von Hauer , Austrian geologist (b. 1822 )1918 - Lewis A. Grant , American Civil War General (b. 1828 )1925 - George Nathaniel Curzon , British statesman (b. 1859 )1929 - Ferdinand Foch , French commander of allied forces in World War I (b. 1851 )1931 - Hermann Müller , Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876 )1934 - Queen Emma of the Netherlands (b. 1858 )1940 - Alfred Ploetz , German physician, biologist, and eugenicist (b. 1860 )1974 - Chet Huntley , American television journalist (b. 1911 )1983 - Ivan Matveyevich Vinogradov , Russian mathematician (b. 1891 )1990 - Lev Yashin , Soviet footballer (b. 1929 )1991 - Conor Clapton , son of Eric Clapton (b. 1986 )1992 - Georges Delerue , French film composer (b. 1925 )1993 - Polykarp Kusch , German-born American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911 )1994 - Lewis Grizzard , American journalist, comedian, and actor (b. 1946 )1995 - Big John Studd , American professional wrestler (b. 1948 )1997 - Tony Zale , American boxer (b. 1913 )1998 - George Howard , American jazz saxophone musician2000 - Gene Eugene , Canadian actor and singer (b. 1961 )2001 - Luis Alvarado , Puerto Rican baseball player (b. 1949 )2003 - Sailor Art Thomas , American professional wrestler (b. 1924 )2004 - Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (b. 1909 )2005 - Armand Lohikoski , Finnish director (b. 1912 )
Holidays and observances
Liturgical feasts
External links
