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14th United States Congress

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14th United States Congress
13th ←
→ 15th
The Old Brick Capitol, the temporary Capitol while the U.S. Capitol was being renovated after the Burning of Washington. (pictured here around 1861 in use as a Civil War prison)
March 4, 1815 – March 4, 1817
Members38 senators
183 representatives
4 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityDemocratic-Republican
Senate PresidentVacant
House majorityDemocratic-Republican
House SpeakerHenry Clay (DR)
Sessions
1st: December 4, 1815 – April 30, 1816
2nd: December 2, 1816 – March 3, 1817

The Fourteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in the Old Brick Capitol in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1815, to March 4, 1817, during the seventh and eighth years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Third Census of the United States in 1810. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major events

Main articles: 1815 in the United States, 1816 in the United States, and 1817 in the United States
Speaker of the House
Henry Clay

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 14th United States Congress

Proposed, but not enacted

Treaties

States admitted and territories organized

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Indiana.

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR) 		Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 25 10 35 1
Begin 22 11 33 3
End 25 13 380
Final voting share 65.8% 34.2%
Beginning of next congress 25 13 38 0

House of Representatives

During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Indiana.

Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic-
Republican
(DR) 		Federalist
(F)
End of previous congress 115 67 182 0
Begin 114 63 177 5
End 119 1821
Final voting share 65.4% 34.6%
Beginning of next congress 142 38 180 3

Leadership

Senate

House of Representatives

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1820; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1816; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1818.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate

|- | Tennessee
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | For unknown reasons, a Senator was not elected until after the term began.
Winner elected October 10, 1815. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | George W. Campbell (DR) | Took seat October 10, 1815

|- | Tennessee
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Jesse Wharton (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Appointee was not elected to finish the term.
Successor elected October 10, 1815.
| style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Williams (DR) | Seated October 10, 1815

|- | North Carolina
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Francis Locke, Jr. | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned when successor was elected, having never qualified.
Successor elected December 5, 1815 to finish term.[1] | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Nathaniel Macon (DR) | Seated December 13, 1815

|- | Virginia
(2) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Resignation of William B. Giles (DR) in the previous congress.
Successor elected January 3, 1816 to finish the term. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Armistead T. Mason (DR) | Took seat January 3, 1816

|- | Maryland
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Legislature failed to elect in time for the term.
Successor elected January 29, 1816 for the term.[2] | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Robert G. Harper (F) | Took seat January 29, 1816

|- | Kentucky
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William T. Barry (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 1, 1816 after being appointed to a judicial position.
Successor appointed November 13, 1816, to continue the term and then finished the term either by special election or by the appointment. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Martin D. Hardin (F) | Seated November 13, 1816

|- | Massachusetts
(1) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Christopher Gore (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 30, 1816.
Successor elected June 12, 1816, to finish the term. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Eli P. Ashmun (F) | Seated June 12, 1816

|- | South Carolina
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Taylor (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 1816.
Successor elected December 4, 1816, to finish the term. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Smith (DR) | Seated December 4, 1816

|- | Georgia
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William W. Bibb (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 9, 1816 after being appointed Governor of Alabama Territory.
Successor elected November 13, 1816, to finish the term, having already been elected to the next term. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | George Troup (DR) | Seated November 13, 1816

|- | North Carolina
(2) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Turner (DR) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 21, 1816 due to ill health.
Successor elected December 4, 1816, to finish the term. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Montfort Stokes (DR) | Seated December 4, 1816

|- | Maryland
(1) | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Robert G. Harper (F) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 6, 1816.
Successor elected December 20, 1816, to finish the term. | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Alexander C. Hanson (F) | Seated December 20, 1816

|- | Indiana
(1) | rowspan=2 | New seats | rowspan=2 style="font-size:80%" | Indiana was admitted to the Union on December 11, 1816. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Noble (DR) | rowspan=2 | Seated December 11, 1816

|- | Indiana
(3) | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Waller Taylor (DR) Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate

House of Representatives

Main article: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep

|- | New York 12 | Vacant | Member-elect Benjamin Pond died during previous congress | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Asa Adgate (DR) | December 7, 1815

|- | Pennsylvania 3 | Vacant | Amos Ellmaker resigned on July 3, 1815, upon State appointment as judge | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James M. Wallace (DR) | December 4, 1815

|- | Kentucky 2 | Vacant | Seat declared vacant by the governor, “caused by the acceptance of Henry Clay to sign a commercial convention as Minister Plenipotentiary to Great Britain”, but Clay was elected to fill his own vacancy | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Henry Clay (DR) | December 4, 1815

|- | New York 17 | Vacant | Credentials for incumbent William S. Smith (F) were issued by the Secretary of State of New York, but Smith did not take or claim the seat, contested by Willoughby, Jr. | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Westel Willoughby, Jr. (DR) | December 13, 1815

|- | New York 8 | Vacant | Credentials for John Adams (F) were issued by the Secretary of State of New York, but Adams did not take or claim the seat, contested by Root | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Erastus Root (DR) | December 26, 1815

|- | Maryland 5 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Nicholas R. Moore (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1815 before Congress convened | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel Smith (DR) | February 4, 1816

|- | New York 6 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Jonathan Fisk (DR) | Resigned sometime in March, 1815, upon appointment as United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James W. Wilkin (DR) | December 4, 1815

|- | Pennsylvania 9 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | David Bard (DR) | Died March 12, 1815 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Burnside (DR) | December 11, 1815

|- | Pennsylvania 1 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Jonathan Williams (DR) | Died May 16, 1815 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | John Sergeant (F) | December 6, 1815

|- | Virginia 15 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Matthew Clay (DR) | Died May 27, 1815 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Kerr (DR) | December 5, 1815

|- | Tennessee 2 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Sevier (DR) | Died September 24, 1815 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William G. Blount (DR) | January 8, 1816

|- | North Carolina 6 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Nathaniel Macon (DR) | Resigned December 13, 1815, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Weldon N. Edwards (DR) | February 7, 1816

|- | Maryland 3 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Alexander C. Hanson (F) | Resigned sometime in 1816 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | George Peter (F) | October 7, 1816

|- | Ohio 1 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John McLean (DR) | Resigned sometime in 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Henry Harrison (DR) | December 2, 1816

|- | New York 21 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Peter B. Porter (DR) | Resigned January 23, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Archibald S. Clarke (DR) | December 2, 1816

|- | Massachusetts 11 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Elijah Brigham (F) | Died February 22, 1816 | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Benjamin Adams (F) | Seated December 2, 1816

|- | Pennsylvania 9 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Burnside (DR) | Resigned April, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William P. Maclay (DR) | December 3, 1816

|- | North Carolina 8 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Richard Stanford (DR) | Died April 9, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Samuel Dickens (DR) | Seated December 2, 1816

|- | Maryland 5 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Pinkney (DR) | Resigned April 18, 1816, upon appointment as Minister Plenipotentiary to Russia | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Peter Little (DR) | December 2, 1816

|- | Vermont at-large | style="background-color:#F6D6C9" | Daniel Chipman (F) | Resigned May 5, 1816 | colspan=2 | Vacant until next Congress

|- | New York 20 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Enos T. Throop (DR) | Resigned June 4, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Daniel Avery (DR) | December 3, 1816

|- | Virginia 18 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Gholson, Jr. (DR) | Died July 4, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas M. Nelson (DR) | December 4, 1816

|- | Kentucky 1 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | James Clark (DR) | Resigned sometime in August, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Thomas Fletcher (DR) | December 2, 1816

|- | Missouri Territory at-large | Rufus Easton | Served throughout the first session; Scott presented credentials at the beginning of the second session and was contested by Easton | John Scott | December 2, 1816

|- | Illinois Territory at-large | Benjamin Stephenson | Term ended September 3, 1816 | Nathaniel Pope | December 2, 1816

|- | Virginia 23 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Clopton (DR) | Died September 11, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | John Tyler (DR) | December 17, 1816

|- | South Carolina 9 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Mayrant (DR) | Resigned October 21, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Stephen D. Miller (DR) | January 2, 1817

|- | North Carolina 5 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William R. King (DR) | Resigned November 4, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Charles Hooks (DR) | December 2, 1816

|- | Georgia at-large | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Alfred Cuthbert (DR) | Resigned November 9, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | Zadock Cook (DR) | January 23, 1817

|- | Indiana Territory at-large | Jonathan Jennings (Territorial delegate) | Indiana was admitted to the Union on December 11, 1816 | style="background-color:#AACC99" | William Hendricks (DR) | December 11, 1816

|- | Missouri Territory at-large | John Scott | His election was contested by his predecessor Easton. On January 13, 1817, the election was declared illegal, but the seat was declared vacant. | Vacant until next Congress

|}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ "NC US Senate – Special Election". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
  2. ^ "MD US Senate". Our Campaigns. August 29, 2004. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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