List of Classical Age states

Classical Antiquity is a period in the history of the Near East and Mediterranean, extending roughly from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD. It is conventionally taken to begin with the earliest-recorded Greek poetry of Homer (8th–7th century BC), and continues through the emergence of Christianity and the decline of the Roman Empire in the 5th to 6th centuries, the period during which Late Antiquity blends into the "Dark Ages" or Early Middle Ages.

The geographic scope of Classical Antiquity may be taken to extend to Central Asia and northern India due to the far-reaching influence of Greek culture during the Hellenistic period (late 4th to 2nd centuries BC), but the historiographies of other world regions have their own notion of "classicity" which do not fall within the scope of this list.

Africa

State	Capital	State type	Existed
Aethiopia	Adulis	Kingdom	c. 13th - 5th centuries BC
Aksumite Empire	Aksum	Empire	100 - 960 AD
Blemmyes		Tribal kingdom	600 BC - 8th century AD
Carthaganian Empire	Carthage	Empire	650-146 BC
D'mt	Yeha	Kingdom	980 - 400 BC
Cyrenaica	Cyrene	Kingdom	631-525 BC
Egypt	Sais, Mendes, Sebennytos	Kingdom	c. 664 BC – c. 332 BC
Garamantian	Garama	Tribal confederation/empire	1000 BC - 700 AD
Kush	Kerma; Napata; Meroe	Kingdom	1070 BC - 350 AD
Macedonian Empire	Pella	Empire	334 - 323 BC
Mauretania	Julia Caesara	Kingdom/client kingdom	285 BC - 698 AD
Numidia	Cirta	Kingdom	202 - 46 BC
Persian Empire	Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa	Empire	549 - 330 BC
Ptolemaic	Alexandria	Kingdom/empire	305 - 30 BC
Roman Empire	Rome, Constantinople	Empire	27 BC-1453 AD
Roman Republic	Rome	Republic	509-27 BC
Vandal Kingdom		Kingdom	435 - 534 AD

Europe

State	Capital	Type	Existed
Achaean League	Various	Confederation of city states	280 - 140 BC
Aetolian League	Various	Confederation of city states	290 - 189 BC
Antigonid Empire		Empire	306 - 168 BC
Arcadia		Kingdom	980-743 BC
Acarnania		Kingdom	7th - 1st century BC
Argolis	Argos	Kingdom/republic	1200-226 BC
Athens		Republican city state/client	1068-146 BC
Carthaginian Empire	Carthage	Empire	650-146 BC
Celtic kingdom of Tylis^[1]	Tylis, Thrace	Kingdom	279 - 212 BC
Celtici		Tribal confederation	600 - 19 BC
Corinthia	Corinth	City state	700-338 BC
Dacia	Sarmizegetusa, Regia	Kingdom	168 BC - 106 AD
Dardania	Ulpiana?	Tribal Kingdom	4th century - 168 BC
Delian League	Various	League of city states	478-404 BC
Etruria	Veii	Kingdom	768 - 264 BC
Illyria			2000-168 BC
League of Corinth	Various	Federated states	338 - 337 BC
Locria	Amphissa, Naupactus	Kingdom	1250-386 BC
Lucania		Tribal kingdom	1000-356 BC^[2]
Macedonia (ancient kingdom)/Macedonian Empire	Pella	Kingdom/Empire	808-168 BC/334 - 323 BC
Magna Graecia	Various	Kingdom city states	740 - 89 BC
Odrysian Thracian kingdom	Seuthopolis	Kingdom	460 BC- 46 AD
Paeonia		Principality/kingdom/client	535 BC - 681 AD
Padanian Etruria	Various	Federated city states	9th century - 5th century BC
Persian Empire	Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa	Empire	549 - 330 BC
Phocis	Delphi	Amphictyony^[3]	690 - 222 BC
Kingdom of Rome	Rome	Kingdom	753-509 BC
Roman Empire	Rome, Constantinople	Empire	27 BC-1453 AD
Roman Republic	Rome	Republic	509-27 BC
Sabinum	Bovianum	Tribal kingdom	c. 760 - 494 BC
Samnium		Tribal confederation	c. 600 - 82 BC
Sparta	Sparta	Kingdom	950-146 BC
Thessaly	Larissa	Kingdom	950 - 344 BC
Tartessos	Tartessus	Tribal kingdom	1000-450 BC
Umbria		Tribal kingdom	9th century - 3rd century BC

Central Asia

name	capital	state type	existed
Aria		Kingdom/client	700 BC - 300 BC
Albania	Kabalak, Partav	Kingdom/client	65 BC - 628 AD
Bactria	Bactra	Tribal kingdom/client	2140 - 550 BC
Balhara	Balkh	Tribal kingdom	12th - 7th centuries BC
Cimmerian Bosporus	Panticapaeum	Kingdom/client	480 BC - 370 AD
Chorasmia		Tribal confederation	1290-180 BC
Colchis	Phasis	Kingdom	1300 BC - 2nd century AD
Dayuan		Kingdom/client	329 BC - 280 AD
Fergana	Khokand	Kingdom	220 BC - 590 AD
Greco-Bactria	Bactra, Alexandria on the Oxus	Kingdom	256 - 125 BC
Iberia	Armazi, Mtskheta, Tbilisi	Kingdom	302 BC - 508 AD
Kangju		Tribal federation	280 BC - 585 AD
Kashgar	Kashgar	Kingdom/client	80 - 850 AD
Kucha	Kucha	Buddhist kingdom	46 - 658 AD
Kushan Empire	Bagram, Peshawar, Taxila, Mathura	Empire	30 - 375 AD
Khwarezm	Kath, Gurganj	Kingdom	180 BC - 98 AD
Lazica	Phasis	Kingdom/client	1st century BC - 7th century AD
Macedonian Empire	Pella	Empire	334 - 323 BC
Maurya Empire	Pataliputra	Empire	322-185 BC
Parthian Empire	Ctesiphon	Empire	247 BC - 224 AD
Persian Empire	Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa	Empire	549 - 330 BC
Scythia	Neopolis	Tribal kingdom	690BC-250 BC
Seleucid Empire	Seleucia, Antioch	Empire	312 - 63 BC
Sogdiana	Samarkand, Bukhara, Khujand, Kesh	Kingdom/client	750 - 550 BC

East Asia

Name	Capital/s	Type	Existed
Âu Lạc	Cổ Loa	Kingdom	257-207 BC
Ba	Yíchéng	Tribal confederation	13th century - 311 BC
Baekje	Wirye, Ungjin, Sabi	Kingdom	18 BC - 660 AD
Buyeo	Buyeoseong	Kingdom	189 BC - 494 AD
Cai	Shàngcài, Xīncài, Xiàcài	Client-Marquisate	980-447 BC
Cao	Táoqiū	Client-Dukedom	1053-487 BC
Champa	Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga	Kingdom	192 – 1832 AD
Chen	Wǎnqiū	Client-Dukedom	1046 - 479 BC
Chi Tu		Kingdom	100 BC - 7th century AD
Chouchi	Lüeyang	Principality	184 – 511 AD
Chu	Danyang, JiangYing, JiYing, Shouchun,	Client-viscountcy/kingdom	1030 - 223 BC
Dian		Kingdom	300 - 109 BC
Donghu		Nomadic tribal confederation	1400 - 150 BC
Funan	Vyadhapura,Óc Eo	Kingdom	60 - 550 AD
Gangga Negara	Gangga Negara	Kingdom	2nd - 11th centuries AD
Gaya	Gaya	Confederacy	42 - 562 AD
Goguryeo	Jolbon, Gungnae, Pyongyang.	Kingdom	37 BC - 668 AD
Gojoseon	Asadal, Wanggeom-seong	Kingdom	2333 - 108 BC
Han Empire	Chang'an, Luoyang, Xuchang	Empire	206 BC-220 AD
Kofun period (Japan)			300-538
Jin		Tribal federation	550-108 BC
Jin	Tang, Quwo, Jiang, Xintian	Client-marquisate/dukedom	1042-376 BC
Jolbon		Tribal kingdom	1st century - 37 BC
Langkasuka	Kedah, Pattani	Kingdom	100 - 1516 AD
Kushan Empire	Bagram, Peshawar, Taxila, Mathura	Empire	30 - 375 AD
Langkasuka	Kedah, Pattani	Kingdom	100 - 1516 AD
Mahan	Cheonan	Confederacy	98 BC - 250 AD
Maurya Empire	Pataliputra	Empire	322-185 BC
Na		Kingdom	1st century - 3rd century AD
Nanyue	Panyu	Kingdom	204-111 BC
Pi	Xuecheng	Earldom/client	1046-418 BC
Pyu	Sri Ksetra	Federated city states	250 BC - 1085 AD
Qi	Qi	Dukedom	1600-445 BC
Qi	Linzi	Client-Dukedom	1046-221 BC
Qin	Qin, Quanqiu, Qian, Pingyang	Client-marquisate/dukedom	858-221 BC
Qin Empire	Xianyang	Empire	221-206 BC
Siljik		Kingdom	102 - 6th century AD
Silla	Gyeongju	Kingdom	55 BC - 935 AD
Sui	Suizhou	Marquisate & Client	771-221 BC
Sumpa		Tribal chiefdom/client	1600 BC - 7th century AD
Shu		Kingdom	1046-316 BC
Teng	Tengzhou	Viscountcy	1046-414 BC
Thaton	Thaton	Kingdom	300 BC - 1085 AD
Wim Joseon	Wanggeom-seong	Kingdom	194-108 BC
Wei	Anyi, Daliang	Marquisate/kingdom	403-225 BC
Văn Lang	Anyang	Confederation/kingdom	2879-258 BC
Xu	Gusu	Viscountcy/client	2000-512 BC
Xianbei		Nomadic (empire)	93-234 AD
Xiongnu		Tribal confederation (empire)	209 - 155 BC
Yamatai		Kingdom	1st century - 3rd cenruty AD
Yan	Ji	Principality	1046-222 BC
Zhongshan		Nomadic kingdom	580-296 BC
Zhou	Haojing, Luoyi	Kingdom	1046-256 BC
Zou		Viscountacy/dukedom	1012-350 BC

South Asia

Name	Capital	State type	Existed
Anarta	Dvaraka	Kingdom	1100-550 BC
Anuradhapura	Anuradhapura	Kingdom	377 BC - 1017 AD
Anga	Champa or Campā	Kingdom	1380-550 BC
Avanti	Mahissati, Ujjaini	Kingdom	900-322 BC
Ay	Aykudi	Kingdom	4th century BC - 12th century AD
Chola	Urayur/Kaveripattinam	Kingdom	2645-110 BC
Danda	Janasthana	Kingdom	1100 - 450 BC
Drangiana		Tribal chiefdom	950 - 600 BC
Gangaridai	Ganges	Kingdom	450 - 200 BC
Greco-Bactria	Bactra, Alexandria on the Oxus	Kingdom	256 - 125 BC
Haryanka	Rajagriha, later Pataliputra	Kingdom	684 - 413 BC
Indo-Greek	Alexandria in the Caucasus, Taxila, Sagala	Kingdom	180 BC - 10 AD
Indo-Parthia	Taxila	Kingdom	12 BC - 98 AD
Indo-Scythia	Sigal, Taxila, Mathura	Kingdom	200 BC - 400 AD
Kalinga	Dantapura/Rajapura	Kingdom	1376-285 BC
Kalinga Republic	Dantapura/Rajapura	Republic	285 - 261 BC
Kamboja	Rajapura	Kingdom	1450 - 195 BC
Kasmira	Asirgarh Qila	Kingdom	1250 - 322 BC
Kimpurusha		Kingdom	1000 - 325 BC
Kirata		Tribal kingdom	1350 - c. 300 BC
Kosala	Shravasti	Kingdom	1000 - 266 BC
Kuninda	Shravasti	Kingdom	500 BC - 300 AD
Kushan Empire	Bagram, Peshawar, Taxila, Mathura	Empire	30 - 375 AD
Lanka	Lankapura	Kingdom	1100 - 543 BC
Macedonian Empire	Pella	Empire	334 - 323 BC
Magadha	Rajagriha/Rajgir /Pataliputra	Kingdom	799 - 323 BC
Malla	Kusavati, Pava	Republic	780 - 323 BC
Matsya	Bairat	Kingdom	1180 - 318 BC
Maurya Empire	Pataliputra	Empire	322 - 185 BC
Mushika	Ezhimalai	Kingdom	3rd century BC - 4th century AD
Nanda Empire	Pataliputra	Empire	345 - 322 BC
Panchala	Ahichatra, Kampilya	Confederacy	1100 - 700 BC
Panchala	Ahichatra, Kampilya	Kingdom/republic	700 - 323 BC
Pandya	Madurai	Kingdom	1350 - 460 BC
Pallava Empire	Kanchi	Empire	250 BC - 800 AD
Parthian Empire	Ctesiphon	Empire	247 BC - 224 AD
Parvata		Kingdom	c. 9th century - 325 BC
Persian Empire	Ecbatana, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa	Empire	549 - 330 BC
Pundra	Pundravardhana	Kingdom	1300 BC - 550 AD
Rajarata	Anuradhapura, Sigiriya, Polonnaruwa	Kingdom	377 BC -1310 AD
Ror	Rori	Kingdom	450 BC - 489 AD
Ruhuna	Magama	Principality	200 BC - 450 AD
Samatata	Samatata	Kingdom	232 BC - 7th c AD
Satavahana Empire	Amaravati	Empire	230 BC - 230 AD
Seleucid Empire	Seleucia, Antioch	Empire	312 - 63 BC
Shakya	Kapilavatthu	Monarchical Republic	800 - 320 BC
Shishunaga Empire	Rajagriha, Vaishali	Empire	413 - 345 BC
Sindhu	Vrsadarbhpura	Kingdom	800 - 320 BC
Sinhala	Methora	Kingdom	700 - 505 BC
Suhma	not specified	Kingdom	c. 8th century - 4th century BC
Surasena	Methora	Kingdom	1000 - 323 BC
Tambapanni	Tambapanni	Kingdom	543-505 BC
Trigarta	Prasthala	Kingdom	1150-322 BC
Upatissa Nuwara	Upatissa Nuwara	Kingdom	505-377 BC
Vanga	Gange	Kingdom	1300 BC - 580 AD
Vatsa	Kauśāmbī	Kingdom	1100-323 BC
Vriji	Vaishali	Confederacy	1250 - 322 BC
Yaksha	Narmada	Kingdom	1200 - 350 BC

West Asia

name	capital	state type	existed
Adiabene	Arbela	Kingdom/client	15 - 310 AD
Antigonid Empire		Empire	306 - 168 BC
Araba	Hatra	Kingdom	3rd century BC - 300AD
Armenia	Van	Kingdom	553 BC - 428AD
Armenia Minor		Kingdom	331 - 72 BC
Atropatene	Ganzak	Kingdom/client	320 BC - 226AD
Awsan	Ḥajar Yaḥirr	Kingdom	7th century BC - 100 AD
Bithynia	Nicomedia, Nicaea	Kingdom/client	297 - 74 BC
Cappadocia	Mazaca	Kingdom/client	332 - 130 BC
Carmania		Kingdom/client	600 BC - 651 AD
Chaldea	Bit Yakin	Kingdom	1100 - 539 BC
Characene	Charax Spasinou	Kingdom	127 BC - 222 AD
Cilicia	Tarsus	Kingdom	795 - 546 BC
Commagene	Samosata	Kingdom/client	163 BC - 72 AD
Corduene		Principality/kingdom/client	800 BC - 653 AD
Doris	Doris	Kingdom	1200-580 BC
Edom	Rabbath Ammon	Kingdom	1200 - 125 BC
Elamite Empire	Susa	Empire	1210-535 BC
Elymais	Susa	Kingdom/client	147 BC -224 AD
Galatia	Ancyra	Empire	280 - 64 BC
Gardman	Parisos	Principality/kingdom/client	66 - 428 AD
Gedrosia		Kingdom/client	600 BC -
Greco-Bactria	Bactra, Alexandria (Oxus)	Kingdom	256 - 125 BC
Hadhramaut		Kingdom	700 BC - 320 AD
Haram	Haram	Kingdom city state	600 - 175 BC
Heraclea Pontica	Heraclea Pontica	Oligarchic republic	365 - 284 BC
Indo-Greek	Alexandria(Caucasus), Taxila, Sagala	Kingdom	180 BC - 10 AD
Indo-Parthia	Taxila	Kingdom	12 BC - 98 AD
Indo-Scythia	Sigal, Taxila, Mathura	Kingdom	200 BC - 400 AD
Judah	Jerusalem	Kingdom	9th century BC - 586 BC
Judea	Jerusalem	Kingdom/client	539 BC - 135 AD
Kindah	Qaryat Dhāt Kāhil	Tribal kingdom	2nd century BC - 525 AD
Lesser Armenia		Principality	331 - 72 BC
Lycaonia	Iconium	Kingdom	340-200 BC
Lycia	Xanthos, Patara	Kingdom	1183-546 BC
Lydian Empire	Sardis	Empire	680-546 BC
Macedonian Empire	Pella	Empire	334 - 323 BC
Magan		Kingdom	2200-550 BC
Ma'in	?/ Yathill	Kingdom	580-85 BC
Median Empire	Ecbatana	Empire	678-549 BC
Mysia	Pergamon	Kingdom	1320 - 301 BC ^[4]
Nabataea	Petra	Kingdom	168 BC - 106 AD
Neo-Babylonian Empire	Babylon	Empire	626 - 539 BC
Osroene	Edessa	Kingdom/client	134 BC - 244 AD
Paphlagonia	Gangra	Kingdom	1480 - 183 BC^[5]
Pamphylia	Perga	Kingdom	398 - 190 BC
Parsua		Tribal chiefdom/kingdom^[6]	860-600 BC
Parthian Empire	Ctesiphon	Empire	247 BC - 224 AD
Pergamon	Pegamon	Kingdom	282 - 133 BC
Persian Empire	Pasargadae, Persepolis, Susa	Empire	549 - 330 BC
Pontic Empire	Amaseia, Sinope	Empire	250 BC - 68 AD
Pontus	Amaseia, Sinope	Kingdom	281 - 250 BC
Qataban	Timna	Kingdom	6th century BC - 2nd century AD
Ptolemaic	Alexandria	Kingdom/empire	305 - 30 BC
Roman Empire	Rome, Constantinople	Empire	27 BC - 1453 AD
Roman Republic	Rome	Republic	509 - 27 BC
Seleucid Empire	Seleucia, Antioch	Empire	312 - 63 BC
Sophene	Karkathiokerta	Kingdom	298 - 94 BC
Zabdicene		Principality/client	780 BC - 5th century AD
Zikirti		Kingdom	750 - 521 BC

References

^ https://books.google.bg/books?id=qpb3JdwuDQIC&redir_esc=y
^ Pritchard, James Cowles. "Kingdoms of Italy: Research into the Physical History of Mankind". 1999-2014. The History Files. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
^ "Definition of State Type". 2014. Dictionary.com. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
^ "Kingdoms of Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
^ "Middle East Kingdoms Ancient Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
^ Eduljee, K D. "Zoroastrian Heritage The Zagros". 2012. The Heritage Site. Retrieved 9 April 2014.

External links

[1] ttps://books.google.bg/books?id=qpb3JdwuDQIC&redir_esc=y

[2] Pritchard, James Cowles. "Kingdoms of Italy: Research into the Physical History of Mankind". 1999-2014. The History Files. Retrieved 18 March 2014.

[3] "Definition of State Type". 2014. Dictionary.com. Retrieved 5 April 2014.

[4] "Kingdoms of Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 31 May 2014.

[5] "Middle East Kingdoms Ancient Anatolia". 2014. The History Files. Retrieved 20 April 2014.

[6] Eduljee, K D. "Zoroastrian Heritage The Zagros". 2012. The Heritage Site. Retrieved 9 April 2014.

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