1935 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1935 in the United Kingdom. This year was the Silver Jubilee of King George V. Political events include a general election in November and changes in the leadership of both the Conservative and Labour parties.
Incumbents
- Monarch – George V
- Prime Minister
- Ramsay MacDonald (Coalition) (until 7 June)
- Stanley Baldwin (Coalition) (starting 7 June)
- Parliament
Events
- 1 January – Ramblers' Association founded.
- 21 February – the Rolls-Royce Merlin aircraft engine is first flown, at Hucknall Aerodrome.[1]
- 26 February – Robert Watson-Watt first demonstrates the use of radar, at Daventry.[2]
- 6 March – Croydon Aerodrome robbery: £21,000 worth of gold is stolen and never recovered.
- 12 March – speed limit in built-up areas reduced to 30 mph.[3]
- 18 March – Britain protests at Germany's introduction of conscription
- April – reflective cat's-eyes first used on British roads.[3]
- 6 May – silver jubilee celebrations for King George V.[3]
- 14 May – Northamptonshire County Cricket Club gains (over Somerset at Taunton by 48 runs) what proves to be their last victory for 99 matches, easily a record in the County Championship. Their next Championship win will not be until 29 May 1939.
- 19 May – canonization of Cardinal John Fisher and Sir Thomas More by Pope Pius XI.
- 22 May – the government announces plans to triple the size of the Royal Air Force in the next two years, partly in response to German re-armament.
- 1 June – the driving test becomes compulsory.[2]
- 6 June – Alfred Hitchcock's film of The 39 Steps released in the UK.
- 7 June – Ramsay MacDonald retires; Stanley Baldwin takes over as Prime Minister.[3]
- 18 June – Anglo-German Naval Agreement: Britain agrees to a German navy equal to 35% of her own naval tonnage.[3]
- 12 July – rioting breaks out in Belfast following Orange parades; by the end of August eight Protestants and five Catholics have been killed, hundreds injured and over 2,000 homes destroyed (almost all Catholic).[4][5]
- 13 July – official completion of the London County Council's Becontree estate in East London, the largest housing estate in the world, consisting of some 27,000 new council houses which are home to more than 100,000 people. The first families moved to the estate, which straddles the borders of Dagenham, Barking and Ilford, in 1921.[6]
- 29 July – T. E. Lawrence's Seven Pillars of Wisdom is first published in an edition for general circulation, two months after his death resulting from a motorcycle accident.
- 30 July – Allen Lane founds Penguin Books to publish the first mass market paperbacks in Britain.[2][3]
- 18 August – last service held in Mardale church in the Lake District prior to the village's flooding to create Manchester Corporation's Haweswater Reservoir.[7]
- 3 September – Malcolm Campbell breaks the 300 mph barrier for the first time and sets a new land speed record of 301.337 mph (484.955 km/h) at the Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, driving the Campbell-Railton Blue Bird.[8]
- 12 September – an underground explosion at North Gawber (Lidgett) colliery, Barnsley, South Yorkshire, kills nineteen.[9]
- 30 September – the London and North Eastern Railway begins to run the Silver Jubilee train between London King's Cross and Newcastle, Britain's first streamliner, using Nigel Gresley's LNER Class A4 steam locomotives.
- October – first steel produced from new works at Corby.
- 8 October – Clement Attlee is appointed as interim leader of the Labour Party in succession to George Lansbury[10] who has resigned due to a wish to maintain his Christian pacifist principles.
- 21 October – Grant v Australian Knitting Mills, a landmark case in consumer law, decided on appeal in the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
- 4 November – opening of Hornsey Town Hall, London, designed by Reginald Uren, the first major UK building in the International style.
- 6 November – maiden flight of the Royal Air Force's Hawker Hurricane fighter aircraft, at Brooklands.[2]
- 14 November – in the general election, Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin is returned to office at the head of a National Government led by the Conservative Party with a large but reduced majority. This election begins the modern tradition of the Speaker of the House of Commons seeking re-election as such rather than under a party label.[11]
- 26 November
- In the Labour Party leadership election, Clement Attlee is confirmed as leader.[3]
- Release of Scrooge, the first all-talking full-length film version of Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, with Sir Seymour Hicks in the title rôle.[12]
- 10 December
- James Chadwick wins the Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the neutron."[13]
- 1935 SABENA Savoia-Marchetti S.73 crash at Tatsfield: all eleven on board the flight are killed.
- 12 December – opening of The De La Warr Pavilion at Bexhill on Sea in East Sussex, designed by Erich Mendelsohn and Serge Chermayeff in the International style.[14][15][16][17]
- 18 December – Samuel Hoare resigns as foreign secretary; replaced by Anthony Eden.
Undated
- Bede sanctified by the Catholic Church.[18]
- Rowntree's of York produce their first Chocolate Crisp bars, which will in 1937 be renamed Kit Kat.
- Leicestershire County Cricket Club appoints Ewart Astill as their captain for the season, the first professional cricketer to lead any county on a regular basis since the 19th century.[19]
- Bahram wins the English Triple Crown by finishing first in the Epsom Derby, 2,000 Guineas and St Leger.
Publications
- Enid Bagnold's novel National Velvet.
- Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot novels Three Act Tragedy and Death in the Clouds.
- Graham Greene's novel England Made Me.
- Georgette Heyer's Regency romance Regency Buck.
- Christopher Isherwood's novel Mr Norris Changes Trains.
- John Masefield's novel The Box of Delights.
- George Orwell's novel A Clergyman's Daughter.
- Marion Richardson's teaching guides Writing and Writing Patterns.
- Caroline Spurgeon's study Shakespeare's Imagery, and what it tells us.
- P. G. Wodehouse's short story collection Blandings Castle and Elsewhere.
Births
- 3 January – David Vine, television presenter (died 2009)
- 18 January – Jon Stallworthy, poet (died 2014)
- 19 January – Robin Birley, archaeologist (died 2018)
- 24 January – Eric Ashton, English rugby league footballer (died 2008)
- 25 January – J. G. Farrell, novelist (died 1979)
- 27 January
- Gillian Beer, academic and critic
- D. M. Thomas, novelist, poet and translator
- 28 January – David Lodge, novelist
- 31 January – Andrew Sinclair, polymath (died 2019)
- 5 February – Alex Harvey, Scottish rock musician (died 1982)
- 7 February – Cliff Jones, Welsh footballer
- 9 February – Paul Flynn, politician (died 2019)
- 17 February – Christina Pickles, actress
- 27 February – Anne Treisman, psychologist (died 2018)
- 10 March – Peter Rolfe Vaughan, engineer (died 2008)
- 13 March – David Nobbs, comic writer (died 2015)
- 21 March – Brian Clough, footballer and football manager (died 2004)
- 23 March – Barry Cryer, comedian
- 27 March
- Sir Angus Farquharson of Finzean, peer (died 2018)
- Julian Glover, actor
- 28 March – Michael Parkinson, journalist and television presenter
- 29 March – Ruby Murray, Northern Irish singer (died 1996)[20]
- 5 April – Donald Lynden-Bell, astrophysicist (d. 2018)
- 8 April – Guy Lyon Playfair, British writer (d. 2018)
- 19 April – Dudley Moore, comedian, actor and musician (died 2002)
- 25 April – April Ashley, model
- 5 May – Eddie Linden, poet
- 8 May – Jack Charlton, footballer
- 10 May – Terrance Dicks, television writer
- 11 May – Chris Perrins, English biologist, ornithologist and academic
- 14 May – Mel Charles, Welsh footballer (d. 2016)
- 17 May – Dennis Potter, writer (died 1994)
- 23 May – Julian Grenfell, 3rd Baron Grenfell, politician
- 27 May – Roger Owen, British historian (d. 2018)
- 28 May
- Richard Van Allen, opera singer (died 2008)
- Anne Reid, actress
- 1 June – Norman Foster, architect and designer
- 2 June – Roger Brierley, actor (died 2005)
- 3 June – Raoul Franklin, physicist and academic
- 5 June – Anne Pashley, track and field sprinter and operatic soprano (died 2016)
- 12 June – Jane Freeman, actress (died 2017)
- 18 June – John Spencer, snooker player (died 2006)
- 19 June – Derren Nesbitt, actor
- 23 June – Keith Burkinshaw, professional footballer, football manager
- 25 June – Tony Lanfranchi, racing driver (died 2004)
- 27 June – Colin Bazley, bishop
- 28 June
- Roy Faulkner, footballer
- John Inman, comic actor (d. 2007)
- Tremayne Rodd, 3rd Baron Rennell, rugby union player (died 2006)
- 29 June – Derek Partridge, actor, television presenter, spokesman and voice-over artist
- 30 June
- 1 July – David Prowse, weightlifter and film performer
- 5 July – Shirley Collins, folk singer
- 7 July – Billy Russell, footballer
- 9 July – Michael Williams, actor (died 2001)
- 11 July – Oliver Napier, politician (died 2011)
- 15 July – William G. Stewart, television producer and presenter (died 2017)
- 16 July – James Bolam, actor
- 19 July – David Parry-Evans, Royal Air Force commander
- 20 July – Peter Palumbo, Baron Palumbo, real estate developer, art collector and connoisseur of architecture
- 24 July – Les Reed, songwriter (died 2019)
- 27 July – Billy McCullough, footballer
- 28 July – Simon Dee, television presenter (died 2009)
- 10 August – Ian Stewart, Baron Stewartby, British politician, numismatist (died 2018)
- 13 August – Rod Hull, entertainer (died 1999)
- 18 September – John Spencer, English snooker player (d. 2006)
- 21 September – Jimmy Armfield, footballer (died 2018)
- 28 September
- Ronald Lacey, English actor (d. 1991)
- Alan Shepherd, motorcycle racer (died 2007)
- 29 September
- David Daker, actor
- Bruce Tulloh, long-distance runner (died 2018)
- 1 October – Julie Andrews, born Julia Wells, singer and actress
- 9 October – Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
- 10 October – Judith Chalmers, television presenter
- 20 October – Roy Bailey, folk singer (died 2018)
- 5 November
- Nicholas Maw, composer (d. 2009)
- Lester Piggott, jockey
- 12 November – William Tallon, Steward and Page of the Backstairs; servant of 50 years to the British Royal family (d. 2007)
- 13 November – George Carey, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 14 November – Michael Busselle, photographer and author (d. 2006)
- 27 November - Verity Lambert, television producer (died 2007)
- 10 December – Terry Allcock, footballer and cricketer
- 14 December – Anthony Wilden, author and social theorist, translator of Jaques Lacan (died 2019)
- 15 December – Jim Iley, football player and manager (died 2018)
- 18 December – Rosemary Leach, actress (died 2017)
- 23 December – Johnny Kidd, English rock and roll singer, songwriter (died 1966)
Deaths
- 7 February – Lewis Grassic Gibbon, Scottish-born writer; peritonitis (born 1901)
- 15 February – Basil Hall Chamberlain, Japanologist (born 1850)
- 16 March – John James Rickard Macleod, Scottish physician and physiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born 1876)
- 27 March – Francis Rattenbury, architect; murdered (born 1867)
- 5 April – Basil Champneys, architect (born 1842)
- 20 April – Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, fashion designer (born 1863)
- 18 May – T. E. Lawrence ("Lawrence of Arabia"), soldier; motorcycle accident (born 1888)
- 6 June – George Grossmith, Jr., musical comedy performer and producer (born 1874)
- 21 August – John Hartley, tennis player, double winner of Wimbledon (born 1849)
- 28 September – W. K. Dickson, cinematographic pioneer (born 1860)
- 29 September – Winifred Holtby, novelist; Bright's disease (born 1898)
- 20 October – Arthur Henderson, Scottish-born politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (born 1863)
- 20 November – John Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe, admiral (born 1859)
- 3 December – Princess Victoria, daughter of King Edward VII (born 1868)
- 10 December
- Sir John Carden, 6th Baronet, tank and vehicle designer (born 1892)
- Sir Alfred Sharpe, colonial governor (b. 1853)
- 30 December – Rufus Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading, politician and judge (b. 1860)
See also
References
- ^ Lumsden, Alec (2003). British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough: Airlife. p. 203. ISBN 1-85310-294-6.
- ^ a b c d Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 379–380. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Stewart, A. T. Q. (1981). Edward Carson. Gill’s Irish Lives. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan.
- ^ "Parades and Marches – Chronology 2: Historical Dates and Events". Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN). Retrieved 22 February 2011.
- ^ "Becontree Housing Estate". London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Archived from the original on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 23 April 2013.
- ^ Berry, Geoffrey (1984). Mardale Revisited: the story of Haweswater. Kendal: Westmorland Gazette. pp. 15–17.
- ^ "Malcolm Campbell". Grace's Guide to British Industrial History. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
- ^ "North Gawber (Lidgett), Barnsley, Yorkshire, 12th September 1935" (PDF). cmhrc.co.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
- ^ "Leaders of the Labour Party". United Kingdom Election Results. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
- ^ Craig, F. W. S. (1989). British Electoral Facts 1832–1987. Politico's Publishing. ISBN 978-0-900178-30-6.
- ^ Scrooge at IMDb
- ^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1935 – James Chadwick". Retrieved 29 January 2008.
- ^ "Modernist". Building Opinions. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ "Modernist style". De La Warr Pavilion. Archived from the original on 18 September 2009. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ "Modern movement". De La Warr Pavilion. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ "De La Warr Pavilion Sussex by Mendelsohn and Chermayeff". Retrieved 22 September 2010.
- ^ Campbell, J. (2004). "Bede (673/4–735)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (revised May 2008 ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved 20 January 2011. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ^ Swanton, E. W.; Woodcock, John, eds. (1980). Barclay's World of Cricket (2nd ed.). London: Collins. p. 397. ISBN 0-00-216349-7.
- ^ Vallance, Tom (18 December 1996). "Obituary". The Independent. Retrieved 28 February 2009.