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List of countries by income equality

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Kaptinkeiff (talk | contribs) at 08:44, 31 March 2016 (→‎UN and CIA Combined List – Income ratios and Gini (1995 – present)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This is a list of countries or dependencies by income inequality metrics, including Gini coefficients. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has zero income). Income distribution can vary greatly from wealth distribution in a country (see List of countries by distribution of wealth). Income from black market economic activity is not included and is the subject of current economic research.[1][2]

Countries' income inequality (2014) according to their Gini coefficients measured in percent: red = high, green = low inequality

UN and CIA Combined List – Income ratios and Gini (1995 – present)

Click sorting buttons to sort alphabetically or numerically. Can sort in ascending or descending order. The row number column on the left sorts independently from the columns to the right of it.

Key:
R/P 10%: The ratio of the average income of the richest 10% to the poorest 10%
R/P 20%: The ratio of the average income of the richest 20% to the poorest 20%
Gini: Gini index, a quantified representation of a nation's Lorenz curve
UN: Data from the United Nations Development Programme.
CIA: Data from the Central Intelligence Agency's The World Factbook.



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Country UN R/P World Bank Gini [3] CIA R/P [4] CIA Gini[5]
10%[6] 20%[7] % Year 10% Year % Year

 Afghanistan 27.8 2008
 Albania 7.2 4.8 29.0 2012 7.2 2004 26.9 2012 est.
 Algeria 9.6 6.1 35.3 1995 9.6 1995 35.3 1995
 Angola 42.7 2008
 Argentina 31.6 17.8 42.3 2013 [8] 35.0 2007 Jan.-Mar. 45.8 2009
 Armenia 8.0 5.0 31.5 2013 25.8 2004 30.3 2012
 Australia 12.5 7.0 34.9 2010 12.7 1994 30.3 2008
 Austria 6.9 4.4 30.5 2012 6.8 2004 26.3 2007
 Azerbaijan 9.7 6.0 33.7 2008 9.5 2001 33.7 2008
 Bahrain
 Bangladesh 7.5 4.9 32.0 2010 7.5 2000 est. 32.1 2010
 Belarus 6.9 4.5 26.0 2012 6.9 2002 26.5 2011
 Belgium 8.2 4.9 27.6 2012 8.3 2000 25.9 2013 est.
 Belize 53.1 1999
 Benin 9.4 6.0 43.5 2012 9.4 2003 36.5 2003
 Bhutan 38.7 2012 38.7 2012
 Bolivia 93.9 42.3 48.1 2013 157.3 2002 46.6 2012
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 5.4 3.8 33.0 2007 5.5 2001 36.2 2007
 Botswana 43.0 20.4 60.5 2009 63.0 1993
 Brazil 40.6 21.8 52.9 2013 53.6 2009 51.9 2012
 Bulgaria 7.0 4.4 36.0 2012 8.8 2005 35.4 2012
 Burkina Faso 11.6 6.9 39.8 2009 11.5 2003 39.5 2007
 Burundi 19.3 9.5 33.4 2006 19.3 1998 42.4 1998
 Cambodia 12.2 7.3 30.8 2012 12.0 2004 37.9 2008 est.
 Cameroon 15.7 9.1 42.8 2007 15.4 2001 44.6 2001
 Canada 9.4 5.5 33.7 2010 9.5 2000 32.1 2005
 Cape Verde 42.7 2007
 Central African Republic 69.2 32.7 56.2 2008 68.1 1993 61.3 1993
 Chad 43.3 2011 43.3 2011 est.
 Chile 26.2 15.7 50.5 2013 32.1 2003 52.1 2009
 China 21.6 12.2 37.0 2011 21.8 2004 46.9 2014 est.
 Colombia 60.4 25.3 53.5 2013 56.3 2008 53.5 2012
 Comoros 64.3 2004
 DR Congo 42.1 2012
 Congo, Republic of the 40.2 2011
 Costa Rica 23.4 15.6 49.2 2012 37.3 2003 50.3 2009
 Côte d'Ivoire 16.6 9.7 43.2 2008 17.0 2002 41.5 2008
 Croatia 7.3 4.8 32.0 2011 7.2 2003 est. 32.0 2010
 Cuba
 Cyprus 34.3 2012 32.4 2013 est.
 Czech Republic 5.2 3.5 26.1 2012 5.2 1996 24.9 2012
 Denmark 8.1 4.3 29.1 2012 12.0 2000 est. 24.8 2011 est.
 Djibouti 45.1 2012 40.9 2002
 Dominican Republic 25.3 14.3 47.1 2013 18.8 2012 45.7 2012 est.
 Ecuador 35.2 17.3 47.3 2013 17.5 2006 Oct.[9] 48.5 2013 Dec.[9]
 Egypt 8.0 5.1 30.8 2008 8.0 2000 30.8 2008
 El Salvador 38.6 20.9 43.5 2013 55.4 2002 46.9 2007
 Equatorial Guinea
 Estonia 10.8 6.4 33.2 2012 11.0 2003 32.9 2013
 Ethiopia 6.6 4.3 33.2 2010 6.5 2000 33.0 2011
 European Union 30.6 2012 est.
 Fiji 42.8 2008
 Finland 5.6 3.8 27.1 2012 5.7 2000 26.8 2008
 France 9.1 5.6 33.1 2012 8.3 2004 30.1 2013
 Gabon 41.5 2005
 The Gambia 20.2 11.2 47.3 2003 20.6 1998 50.2 1998
 Georgia 15.4 8.3 40.0 2013 15.2 2003 46.0 2011
 Germany 6.9 4.3 30.1 2011 6.9 2000 27.0 2006
 Ghana 14.1 8.4 42.8 2006 13.7 1999 42.3 2012–2013
 Greece 10.2 6.2 36.7 2012 10.4 2000 est. 34.4 2013 est.
 Guatemala 33.9 20.3 52.4 2012 48.2 2002 55.1 2007
 Guinea 10.5 6.6 33.7 2012 21.6 2006 39.4 2007
 Guinea-Bissau 19.0 10.3 50.7 2010 84.8 1991
 Guyana 44.5 1998 26.0 1999 44.6 2007
 Haiti 54.4 26.6 60.8 2012 68.1 2001 59.2 2001
 Honduras 59.4 17.2 53.7 2013 35.2 2003 57.7 2007
 Hong Kong 17.8 9.7 53.7 2011
 Hungary 5.5 3.8 30.6 2012 5.6 2002 24.7 2009
 Iceland 26.9 2012 28.0 2006
 India 8.6 5.6 33.6 2012 8.6 2004 33.6 2012
 Indonesia 7.8 5.2 35.6 2010 7.9 2002 41.0 2015
 Iran 17.2 9.7 37.4 2013 16.9 1998 44.5 2006
 Iraq 29.5 2012
 Ireland 9.4 5.6 32.5 2012 9.4 2000 33.9 2010
 Israel 13.4 7.9 42.8 2010 11.8 2005 37.6 2012
 Italy 11.6 6.5 35.2 2012 11.7 2000 31.9 2012 est.
 Jamaica 17.3 9.8 45.5 2004 17.0 2004 45.5 2004
 Japan 4.5 3.4 32.1 2008 4.5 1993 37.9 2011
 Jordan 11.3 6.9 35.4 2010 11.3 2003 39.7 2007
 Kazakhstan 8.5 5.6 26.4 2013 8.0 2004 est. 28.9 2011
 Kenya 13.6 8.2 47.7 2005 18.6 2000 42.5 2008 est.
 North Korea
 South Korea 7.8 4.7 31.3 2007 5.9 2011 30.2 2013 est.
 Kosovo 30 FY 2005/06
 Kuwait
 Kyrgyzstan 6.4 4.4 27.4 2012 6.4 2003 33.4 2007
 Laos 8.3 5.4 37.9 2012 8.4 2002 36.7 2008
 Latvia 11.6 6.8 35.5 2012 11.6 2003 35.2 2010
 Lebanon
 Lesotho 39.8 44.2 54.2 2015 48.2 2002 est. 63.2 1995
 Liberia 12.8 36.5 2007
 Libya
 Lithuania 10.4 6.3 35.2 2012 10.3 2003 35.5 2009
 Luxembourg 34.8 2012 6.8 2000 30.4 2013 est.
 Macau 35 2013
 Macedonia 12.5 7.5 43.2 2009 12.3 2003 43.6 2013
 Madagascar 19.2 11.0 40.6 2010 19.3 2001 47.5 2001
 Malawi 10.9 6.7 46.1 2010 11.0 2004 39.0 2004
 Malaysia 22.1 12.4 46.3 2009 28.0 2003 est. 46.2 2009
 Maldives 36.8 2009 37.4 2004 est.
 Mali 12.5 7.6 33.0 2010 12.6 2001 40.1 2001
 Malta 27.9 2013
 Mauritania 12.0 7.4 37.5 2008 11.8 2000 39.0 2000
 Mauritius 35.8 2012 35.9 2012 est.
 Mexico 21.6 12.8 48.1 2012 24.6 2004 48.3 2008
 Moldova 8.2 5.3 28.5 2013 8.3 2003 33.0 2010
 Mongolia 8.2 5.4 33.8 2012 8.2 2002 36.5 2008
 Montenegro 33.2 2013 26.2 2013 est.
 Morocco 11.7 7.2 40.7 2007 11.9 1999 40.9 2007 est.
 Mozambique 18.8 9.9 45.6 2008 18.8 2002 45.6 2008
 Myanmar 11.6 1998
 Namibia 106.6 56.1 61.3 2010 129.0 2003 59.7 2010
 Nepal 15.8 9.1 32.8 2010 15.6 2004 32.8 2010
 Netherlands 9.2 2.5[10] 28.0 2012 9.2 1999 25.1 2013
 New Zealand 12.4 6.8 36.2 1997 36.2 1997
 Nicaragua 31.0 8.8 45.7 2009 15.4 2001 40.5 2010
 Niger 46.0 20.7 31.5 2011 44.3 1995 34.0 2007
 Nigeria 17.8 9.7 43.0 2009 17.5 2003 43.7 2003
 Norway 6.1 3.9 25.9 2012 6.0 2000 26.8 2010
 Oman
 Pakistan 6.5 4.3 29.6 2010 6.6 2002 29.6 FY 2011
 Panama 49.9 23.9 51.7 2013 61.4 2003 51.9 2010 est.
 Papua New Guinea 23.8 12.6 43.9 2009 23.8 1996 50.9 1996
 Paraguay 38.8 25.7 48.3 2013 65.9 2003 53.2 2009
 Peru 26.1 15.2 44.7 2013 31.5 2003 45.3 2012
 Philippines 15.5 9.3 43.0 2012 15.5 2003 46.0 2012
 Poland 8.8 5.6 32.4 2012 8.7 2002 34.1 2009
 Portugal 15.0 8.0 36.0 2012 9.2 1995 est. 34.2 2013 est.
 Qatar 41.1 2007
 Romania 7.5 4.9 27.3 2012 7.4 2003 27.3 2012
 Russia 12.7 7.6 41.6 2012 12.8 2002 42 2012
 Rwanda 18.6 9.9 50.8 2011 18.2 2000 46.8 2000
 Sao Tome and Principe 30.8 2010
 Saudi Arabia
 Senegal 12.3 7.4 40.3 2011 12.4 2001 40.3 2011
 Serbia 29.7 2010 38.7 2014 est.
 Seychelles 42.8 2006
 Sierra Leone 87.2 57.6 34.0 2011 87.2 1989 62.9 1989
 Singapore 17.7 9.7 17.3 1998 46.4 2014
 Slovakia 6.7 4.0 26.1 2012 6.7 1996 25.3 2012
 Slovenia 5.9 3.9 25.6 2012 5.9 1998 23.7 2012
 Somalia
 South Africa 33.1 17.9 63.4 2011 31.9 2000 62.5 2013 est.
 South Sudan 45.5 2009 46.0 2010 est.
 Spain 10.3 6.0 35.9 2012 10.2 2000 34.0 2011
 Sri Lanka 11.1 6.9 38.6 2012 36.1 FY 2003/04 49.0 2010
 St. Lucia 42.6 1995
 Sudan 35.4 2009
 Suriname 52.9 1999
 Swaziland 25.1 13.0 51.5 2010 25.4 2001 50.4 2001
 Sweden 6.2 4.0 27.3 2012 6.2 2000 24.9 2013
 Switzerland 9.0 5.5 31.6 2012 8.9 2000 28.7 2012 est.
 Syria 35.8 2004
 Taiwan 6.1 2002 est. 33.8 2012
 Tajikistan 7.8 5.2 30.8 2009 7.8 2003 32.6 2006
 Tanzania 9.2 5.8 37.8 2011 9.3 2000 37.6 2007
 Thailand 12.6 7.7 39.3 2012 12.4 2002 39.4 2010
 Timor-Leste 31.6 2007 31.9 2007 est.
 Togo 46.0 2011
 Trinidad and Tobago 12.9 7.6 40.3 1992
 Tunisia 13.4 7.9 35.8 2010 13.7 2000 40.0 2005 est.
 Turkey 6.6 4.6 40.2 2012 17.1 2003 40.2 2010
 Turkmenistan 12.3 7.7 40.8 1998 12.2 1998 40.8 1998
 Uganda 16.6 9.2 42.4 2012 16.4 2002 39.5 2013
 Ukraine 5.9 4.1 24.6 2013 7.6 2006 28.2 2009
 United Arab Emirates
 United Kingdom 13.8 7.2 32.6 2012 13.6 1999 32.4 2012
 United States 15.9 8.4 41.1 2013 15.0 2007 est. 45.0 2007
 Uruguay 11.8 41.9 2013 17.9 2003 45.3 2010
 Uzbekistan 10.6 6.2 36.7 2003 10.6 2003 36.8 2003
 Venezuela 18.8 16.0 46.9 2006 50.3 2003 39.0 2011
 Vietnam 6.9 4.9 38.9 2012 10.0 2004 37.6 2008
 Palestine 35.5 2009
 Yemen 8.6 5.6 37.7 2005 8.6 2003 37.7 2005
 Zambia 55.6 2010 57.5 2010
 Zimbabwe 50.1 1995 50.1 2006
 World 12.0 2002 est. 38.0 2007

OECD countries

Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers



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Gini coefficient, before taxes and transfers[11]
Country mid-70s mid-80s around 1990 mid-90s around 2000 mid-2000s Late 2000s

 Australia 0.467 0.476 0.465 0.468
 Austria 0.433 0.472
 Belgium 0.449 0.472 0.464 0.494 0.469
 Canada 0.385 0.395 0.403 0.430 0.440 0.436 0.441
 Chile 0.441 0.414 0.426
 Czech Republic 0.442 0.472 0.474 0.444
 Denmark 0.373 0.396 0.417 0.415 0.417 0.416
 Estonia 0.504 0.458
 Finland 0.343 0.387 0.479 0.478 0.483 0.465
 France 0.380 0.370 0.473 0.490 0.485 0.483
 Germany 0.439 0.429 0.459 0.471 0.499 0.504
 Greece 0.448 0.426 0.446 0.466 0.454 0.436
 Hungary 0.452 0.496 0.463 0.497 0.466
 Iceland 0.365 0.382
 Ireland
 Israel 0.472 0.476 0.494 0.504 0.513 0.498
 Italy 0.420 0.437 0.508 0.516 0.557 0.534
 Japan 0.345 0.403 0.432 0.443 0.462
 Luxembourg 0.383 0.427 0.421 0.454 0.482
 Mexico 0.453 0.532 0.517 0.491 0.494
 Netherlands 0.426 0.473 0.474 0.484 0.424 0.426 0.426
 New Zealand 0.408 0.468 0.488 0.484 0.473 0.455
 Norway 0.351 0.404 0.426 0.447 0.410
 Poland 0.542 0.470
 Portugal 0.457 0.436 0.490 0.479 0.542 0.521
 Slovak Republic 0.458 0.416
 Slovenia 0.452 0.423
 South Korea 0.331 0.344
 Spain 0.461
 Sweden 0.389 0.404 0.408 0.438 0.446 0.432 0.426
 Switzerland 0.409
 Turkey 0.470
 United Kingdom 0.338 0.419 0.439 0.453 0.458 0.445 0.456
 United States 0.406 0.436 0.450 0.477 0.476 0.486 0.486

Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers



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Gini coefficient, after taxes and transfers[11]
Country mid-70s mid-80s around 1990 mid-90s around 2000 mid-2000s Late 2000s

 Australia 0.309 0.317 0.315 0.336
 Austria 0.236 0.238 0.252 0.265 0.261
 Belgium 0.274 0.287 0.289 0.271 0.259
 Canada 0.304 0.293 0.287 0.289 0.318 0.317 0.324
 Chile 0.427 0.403 0.394
 Czech Republic 0.232 0.257 0.260 0.268 0.256
 Denmark 0.221 0.226 0.215 0.226 0.232 0.248
 Estonia 0.349 0.315
 Finland 0.235 0.209 0.218 0.247 0.254 0.259
 France 0.300 0.290 0.277 0.287 0.288 0.293
 Germany 0.251 0.256 0.266 0.264 0.285 0.295
 Greece 0.413 0.336 0.336 0.345 0.321 0.307
 Hungary 0.273 0.294 0.293 0.291 0.272
 Iceland 0.257 0.301
 Ireland 0.331 0.324 0.304 0.314 0.293
 Israel 0.326 0.329 0.338 0.347 0.378 0.371
 Italy 0.309 0.297 0.348 0.343 0.352 0.337
 Japan 0.304 0.323 0.337 0.321 0.329
 Luxembourg 0.247 0.259 0.261 0.258 0.288
 Mexico 0.452 0.519 0.507 0.474 0.476
 Netherlands 0.263 0.272 0.292 0.297 0.292 0.284 0.294
 New Zealand 0.271 0.318 0.335 0.339 0.335 0.330
 Norway 0.222 0.243 0.261 0.276 0.250
 Poland 0.316 0.349 0.305
 Portugal 0.354 0.329 0.359 0.356 0.385 0.353
 Slovak Republic 0.268 0.257
 Slovenia 0.246 0.236
 South Korea 0.306 0.315
 Spain 0.371 0.337 0.343 0.342 0.319 0.317
 Sweden 0.212 0.198 0.209 0.211 0.243 0.234 0.259
 Switzerland 0.279 0.276 0.303
 Turkey 0.434 0.490 0.430 0.409
 United Kingdom 0.268 0.309 0.354 0.336 0.351 0.331 0.345
 United States 0.316 0.337 0.348 0.361 0.357 0.380 0.378


See also

References

  1. ^ Underground economy and income inequality: two connected aspects in the oncoming context of Italian federalism. By Iacopo Odoardi and Carmen Pagliari. Vol. 15 No. 1, 2011. Global & Local Economic Review.
  2. ^ The Size of the Shadow Economies of 145 Countries all over the World: First Results over the Period 1999 to 2003. December 2004. By Friedrich Schneider (University of Linz and IZA Bonn). Institute for the Study of Labor.
  3. ^ World Bank GINI index, accessed on January 21, 2016.
  4. ^ Data show the ratio of the household income or consumption share of the richest group to that of the poorest. Household income or consumption by percentage share (%), The World Factbook, CIA, updated on January 24, 2008. Note: To calculate the value given in the table for this article, the highest 10% value was divided by the lowest 10% value.
  5. ^ Distribution of family income – Gini index, The World Factbook, CIA, accessed on November 24, 2011.
  6. ^ Data show the ratio of the income or expenditure share of the richest group to that of the poorest. Human Development Report 2009, UNDP, accessed on July 30, 2011.
  7. ^ Data show the ratio of the income or expenditure share of the richest group to that of the poorest. Human Development Report 2007/2008, UNDP, accessed on February 3, 2008.
  8. ^ http://datos.bancomundial.org/indicador/SI.POV.GINI
  9. ^ a b Data for urban households only.
  10. ^ 2015 Data
  11. ^ a b OECD. "Income Distribution and Poverty : by country –I nequalityY".

Further reading

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_income_equality&oldid=712821362"