Visa requirements for British Nationals (Overseas)

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A British National (Overseas) passport (2010 series)

Visa requirements for British Nationals (Overseas) are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states and territories placed on British National (Overseas) passport holders.

Visa requirements for other classes of British nationals such as British citizens, British Overseas Citizens, British Overseas Territories Citizens, British Protected Persons or British Subjects are different.

Visa requirements map

Countries and territories with visa-free or visa-on-arrival entries for British Nationals (Overseas)
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes
 Afghanistan Visa required[1]
 Albania Visa not required[2] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[3]
 Andorra Visa not required[4]
 Angola Visa required[5]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[6] 6 months
 Argentina Visa not required[7] 30 days
 Armenia Visa on arrival[8] 120 days
 Australia Electronic Travel Authority[9] 90 days
  • If granted, Electronic Travel Authority allows British Nationals (Overseas) to stay in Australia for 90 days per visit.
  • Issued free of charge and valid for one year.
  • Not eligible to apply for Electronic Travel Authority online: British Nationals (Overseas) must apply through airlines, travel agencies, or Australian embassies or consulates.
 Austria Visa not required[10] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Azerbaijan eVisa[11] 30 days[12]
 Bahamas Visa not required[13] 21 days
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[16] 3 months
  • Visas can be issued on arrival for a stay up to 3 months.[17]
  • eVisa issued for 14 days, extendable once.[18]
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[19] 30 days
  • Visa on arrival available at Dhaka International Airport[20][21][22]
 Barbados Visa not required[23] 6 months[24][25] 6 months
 Belarus Visa required[26]
  • Visas are also issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted by inviting organization/person not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[27] Visa and police registration required for stays of more than 5 days.[28]
 Belgium Visa not required[29] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Belize Visa not required[30] 1 month
 Benin Visa required[31]
 Bhutan Visa required[32]
  • Visa via approved tour operators only[33][34]
 Bolivia Visa not required[35] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[36] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period.
 Botswana Visa not required[37] 90 days
 Brazil Visa not required[38] 90 days
  • Extendable for further 90 days[39]
 Brunei Visa required[40][41]
 Bulgaria Visa not required[42] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[43] 1 month
 Burundi Visa required[44]
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[45] 30 days
 Cameroon Visa required[48]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Canada Visa not required[49] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air.[50]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[51]
 Central African Republic Visa required[52]
 Chad Visa required[53]
 Chile Visa not required[54] 90 days
  • May be extended.
 China Admission refused[55]
 Colombia Visa not required[56] 180 days
  • Extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period.[57]
 Comoros Visa on arrival[58]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[59]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[60]
 Costa Rica Visa not required[61] 30 days
 Croatia Visa not required[62] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Cuba Tourist Card required[63]
 Cyprus Visa not required[64] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Czech Republic Visa not required[65] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Denmark Visa not required[66] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area (DK)
 Djibouti Visa on arrival[67]
 Dominica Visa not required[68] 6 months
 Dominican Republic Visa required[69][70]
 Ecuador Visa not required[71] 90 days
  • May be extended.
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[72][73] 30 days
 El Salvador Visa required[74][75]
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[76]
 Eritrea Visa required[77]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Estonia Visa not required[78] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Ethiopia eVisa[79][80]
 Fiji Visa not required[81] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[82] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 France Visa not required[83] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area (in Regions of France)
 Gabon eVisa[84]
 Gambia Visa not required[85] 90 days
 Georgia Visa required[86][87]
 Germany Visa not required[88] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Ghana Visa required[89]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Greece Visa not required[90] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Grenada Visa not required[91] 6 months
 Guatemala Visa required[92]
 Guinea Visa required[93]
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[94] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[95]
 Haiti Visa not required[96] 90 days
 Honduras Visa required[97]
 Hungary Visa not required[98] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Iceland Visa not required[99] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 India Visa required[100]
 Indonesia Visa not required[101] 30 days[102]
 Iran Visa required[103]
 Iraq Visa required[104]
 Ireland Visa not required[105]
 Israel Visa not required[106] 3 months
 Italy Visa not required[107] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Ivory Coast eVisa[108] 3 months
 Jamaica Visa not required[109] 180 days
 Japan Visa not required[110] 90 days
  • May be extended once.
 Jordan Free visa on arrival[111][112]
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[114] 30 days
 Kenya eVisa / Visa on arrival[115] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa not required[116] 30 days
 North Korea Visa required[117]
 South Korea Visa not required[118] 90 days
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[119] 3 months[120]
 Kyrgyzstan Visa required[121]
 Laos Visa on arrival[122] 30 days
 Latvia Visa not required[123] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Lebanon Visa required[124]
 Lesotho Visa not required[125] 14 days
 Liberia Visa required[126]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Libya Visa required[127]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[128] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Lithuania Visa not required[129] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Luxembourg Visa not required[130] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Macedonia Visa required[131]
  • Visa exempted for 15 days if holding a double or multiple Schengen C visa or a visa issued by USA, Canada or United Kingdom. The visa must be valid for at least 5 days beyond the period of intended stay in Macedonia.
 Madagascar Visa on arrival[132] 90 days
 Malawi Visa on arrival[133] 30 days
  • extendable to 90 days
 Malaysia Visa not required[134] 3 months
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[135] 30 days
 Mali Visa required[136]
 Malta Visa not required[137] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[138] 30 days[139]
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[140]
 Mauritius Visa not required[141] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[142] 180 days[143]
 Micronesia Visa not required[144] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[145] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period
 Monaco Visa not required[146]
 Mongolia Visa required[147]
 Montenegro Visa not required[148] 90 days
  • Must register with the local police station (either through a tourist organisation or at hotel reception) within 24 hours of arrival.[149]
 Morocco Visa not required[150] 90 days
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[151] 30 days[152]
 Myanmar eVisa[153] 28 days[154]
 Namibia Visa not required[155] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[158]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[159] 90 days
  • Visa-on-arrival is extendable[160]
 Netherlands Visa not required[161] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area (European Netherlands)
 New Zealand Visa not required[162] 3 months
 Nicaragua Visa not required[163] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[164]
 Nigeria Visa required[165]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Norway Visa not required[166] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Oman eVisa / Visa on arrival[167] 3 months
 Pakistan Visa required[168]
  • Visa on arrival when travelling on business valid for 30 days. Conditions apply.[169]
  • Visa on arrival when travelling as part of a group through a designated tour operator.[170]
 Palau Free visa on arrival[171] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[172] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[173]
 Paraguay Visa not required[174] 90 days
 Peru Visa not required[175] 183 days
 Philippines Visa not required[176] 7 days
 Poland Visa not required[177] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Portugal Visa not required[178] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Qatar eVisa / Visa on arrival[179] 30 days
  • Available at Hamad International Airport.
  • eVisa is also available.[180]
  • Transit visas valid 5 to 96 hours are available in Hamad International Airport only if travelling on Qatar Airways and continuing to a third country.
 Romania Visa not required[181] 90 days within any 180 day period
 Russia Visa required[182]
  • 72-hour Visa on arrival in Kaliningrad if traveling as part of a tour group
    organized by an authorized travel agent.
 Rwanda Visa on arrival[183] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[184] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[185] 6 weeks
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[186] 1 month
 Samoa Free Entry Permit on arrival[187] 60 days
  • Free of charge.
 San Marino Visa not required[188]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[189] 15 days
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[190]
 Senegal Visa not required[191] 90 days
 Serbia Visa not required[192] 90 days
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[193] 3 months
  • Issued free of charge.
 Sierra Leone Visa required[194]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Singapore Visa not required[195] 30 days
 Slovakia Visa not required[196] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Slovenia Visa not required[197] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[198] 3 months
  • Issued free of charge.
 Somalia Visa required[199]
  • Visa may be obtained on arrival, provided an invitation letter by the sponsor had been submitted to the authorities before arrival.
 South Africa Visa not required[200] 90 days
 South Sudan Visa required[201]
 Spain Visa not required[202] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[203] 30 days
  • British Nationals (Overseas) are allowed to extend their stay twice when in the country to a maximum stay of 90 days in total.[204]
 Sudan Visa required[205]
 Suriname Tourist Card on arrival[206] 90 days
 Swaziland Visa not required[207] 30 days
 Sweden Visa not required[208] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
  Switzerland Visa not required[209] 90 days within any 180 day period in the Schengen Area
 Syria Visa required[210]
  • Visa not required for citizens born in Syria.
 Tajikistan eVisa / Visa on arrival[211] 45 days[212]
 Tanzania Visa on arrival[213]
 Thailand Visa not required[214] 30 days
  • If not arriving by air, British Nationals (Overseas) are only permitted two visits per year.
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[215] 30 days
 Togo Visa on arrival[216] 7 days
 Tonga Free visa on arrival[217] 31 days
  • Issued free of charge.
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[218] 90 days
 Tunisia Visa not required[219] 3 months
 Turkey eVisa[220] 3 months
 Turkmenistan Visa required[221]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Tuvalu Free visa on arrival[222] 1 month
  • Issued free of charge.
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[223]
 Ukraine Visa required[225][226]
 United Arab Emirates Visa required[227][228]
 United Kingdom Visa not required[229] 6 months
 United States Visa required[230]
 Uruguay Visa not required[231] 90 days
 Uzbekistan Visa required[232]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
  • Simplified procedure for British Nationals (Overseas).[233]
 Vanuatu Visa not required[234] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa not required[235]
 Venezuela Visa not required[236] 90 days[237]
 Vietnam eVisa[238] 30 days
  • A single entry eVisa valid for 30 days is available.[239]
 Yemen Visa required[240]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[241] 90 days
  • The KAZA visa which allows access to both Zambia and Zimbabwe can be obtained from certain Zambian points of entry.[242]
 Zimbabwe Visa on arrival[243] 3 months
  • The KAZA visa which allows access to both Zimbabwe and Zambia can be obtained from certain Zimbabwean points of entry.[244]

British Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories

British Crown Dependencies and Overseas Territories
Visitor to Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes
 Ascension Island Visa not required 3 months
  • Entry permit must be obtained minimum 28 days in advance.[245]
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[246][247]
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 Bermuda Visa not required 6 months[248][249]
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 British Antarctic Territory Special permit required[250][251]
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required[252][253]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 1 month[254][255]
  • Extension of stay possible.
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 30 Days[256][257]
  • The passenger must arrive directly from the United Kingdom.
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 Falkland Islands Visitor's permit on arrival 4 weeks[258][259]
  • The initial visitor's permit is valid for 4 weeks.
  • Visitors who have a connection with the Falkland Islands have right of abode.
 Guernsey Visa not required[260]
 Isle of Man Visa not required
  • Work or employment permit is required for persons without "Isle of Man worker" status.[261][262]
 Jersey Visa not required
  • Work or employment permit is required.[263]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[264]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[265]
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days[266]
 Saint Helena Entry permit on arrival 183 days[271]
  • The entry permit costs £25 and is issued on arrival.
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days[275][276]
  • British Nationals (Overseas) with a connection to the territory have right of abode.
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required

Territories

Europe
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[278]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[279][280]
Belarus Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park Visa not required 3 days;[281] must first obtain an electronic pass[282]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa required Visa policy of Russia applies de facto.[283]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[284][285]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[286] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[287]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required[288] Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[289] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[290]
 Jersey Visa not required[291]
 Kosovo Visa not required[292] 90 days
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[293][294] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[295]
 Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[296][297]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[298]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[299][300]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[301][302]
Africa
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[303]
 Mayotte Visa not required[304] 90 days
 Réunion Visa not required[304] 90 days
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Visa not required up to 3 months.[305]
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[306][307]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[308]
Asia
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Hong Kong Visa not required[309] Right of abode or right to land.[310]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[311][312][313][314][315][316]
 Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival 15 days[317]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[318]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[319]
 Macao Visa not required[320] 6 months
Malaysia Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[321]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[322]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[323] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[324]
 Taiwan Visa on arrival[325] Visa on arrival (for a fee) or free online registration for 30 days, only applicable to British Nationals (Overseas) who were born in Hong Kong or Macao. British Nationals (Overseas) who were not born in Hong Kong or Macao must apply for an Entry and Exit Permit (EEP) prior to arrival unless they have previously travelled to Taiwan as a permanent resident of Hong Kong or Macao.
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[326][327][328]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[329]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone
Vietnam Phú Quốc Visa not required Can visit without a visa for up to 30 days.[330]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[331]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)f
 Aruba Visa not required[332] 30 days, extendable to 180 days[333]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[334] 90 days
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[335]
 Curacao Visa not required[336] 3 months
France French Guiana Visa not required[337] 90 days
France French West Indies Visa not required 90 days. French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[338]
 Greenland Visa not required[287]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[339]
 Puerto Rico Visa required[340]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[304]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[341] 3 months[342]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[343]
Oceania
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Visa required[344][345]
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[346]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[347]
 Cook Islands Visa not required[348] 31 days
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[349]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[350] 90 days
 Guam Visa not required[351] Visa not required under the Guam - CNMI Visa Waiver Program, for 45 days. Must also present a Hong Kong identity card.
 New Caledonia Visa not required[304] 90 days
 Niue Visa on arrival[352] 30 days
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[353] Visa not required under the Guam - CNMI Visa Waiver Program, for 45 days. Must also present a Hong Kong identity card.
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permit required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[354][355][356][357][358][359][360]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[304] 90 days
South America
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[361]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Antarctica Special permits required for  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Bouvet Island Bouvet Island, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371][372][373]

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[374] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[375] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[376]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[377][378]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[379][380] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[381]

Some countries, such as Japan,[382] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[383] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[384] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[385] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[386] Philippines,[387] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[388]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[389] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[390] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[391]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[392] Lebanon,[393] Libya,[394] Syria,[395] and Yemen[396] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[397]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[398][399] Argentina,[400] Brunei, Cambodia,[401] China,[402] Ethiopia,[403] Ghana, Guinea,[404] India, Japan,[405][406] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[407] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[408] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[409] Singapore, South Korea,[410] Taiwan, Thailand,[411] Uganda,[412] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[413][414][415] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[416]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[417] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[418][419] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[420] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[421][422]

Right to consular protection

When in a country where there is no British embassy, British Nationals (Overseas) have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other commonwealth country present in that country.

Fingerprinting

Several countries including Argentina, Cambodia, Japan, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and the United States demand all adult passengers (age varies by country) to be fingerprinted on arrival.[423][424][425][426][427][428][429]

See also

References

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  2. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  3. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  5. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  8. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  9. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
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  32. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
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  44. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  49. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  63. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  65. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  66. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
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  68. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  99. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
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  101. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  103. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  104. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  106. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  107. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  108. ^ Visa at International Airport Felix Houphouet Boigny in Abidjan
  109. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  110. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  111. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  117. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  118. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  119. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  122. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  123. ^ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  124. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  125. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  126. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  127. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  129. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  130. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
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  132. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  138. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  141. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  142. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  145. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  146. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  147. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  148. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  149. ^ https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/montenegro/entry-requirements
  150. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  151. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  152. ^ Mozambique Government Announces 30-day Tourist Visas now Available at Borders for all Visitors
  153. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. ^ Myanmar eVisa
  155. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  156. ^ http://www.namibiahc.org.uk/need_visa.php
  157. ^ https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/namibia/entry-requirements
  158. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  159. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  160. ^ http://www.nepembassy.org.uk/visa.php
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  163. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  164. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  165. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  175. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  178. ^ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  179. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  180. ^ https://www.qatarvisaservice.com
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  187. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  190. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  193. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  194. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  195. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  197. ^ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
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  199. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  200. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  201. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  207. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  209. ^ Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
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  219. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  221. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  232. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  235. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  236. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  241. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  249. ^ https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/bermuda/entry-requirements
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  263. ^ https://www.gov.je/Working/WorkPermits/Pages/NeedWorkPermit.aspx
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  265. ^ Countries not requiring a visa, Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  266. ^ Countries not requiring a visa, Immigration Department of Montserrat.
  267. ^ http://www.visitpitcairn.pn/visitpitcairn/visaslegalinfo/touristinfo/index.html
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  273. ^ http://www.sgisland.gs/index.php/(v)Information_for_Visitors_to_South_Georgia?useskin=vis
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  281. ^ Visa-free trips to Belovezhskaya Pushcha as from 12 June
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  320. ^ Immigration Clearance of Non-residents of Macao, Macao SAR Government Portal.
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  322. ^ "Maldives Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
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  336. ^ Do I need a visa for the Caribbean parts of the Kingdom?, Government of the Netherlands.
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  338. ^ Ruling of 26 July 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Réunion and the collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Légifrance (in French).
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  342. ^ "Sint Maarten Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  343. ^ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  344. ^ General information, American Samoa Visitors Bureau.
  345. ^ Visa required, except for Passengers with a British passport with nationality of British Citizen shown on the bio-data page
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  349. ^ "Fiji Country Specific Information". Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  350. ^ Ruling of 29 December 2011 regarding the documents and visas required for the entry of foreigners in the territory of French Polynesia, Légifrance (in French).
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  374. ^ Baker, Vicky (20 June 2013). "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  375. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  376. ^ "Fièvre jaune" (in French). September 2, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2019.
  377. ^ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  378. ^ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  379. ^ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  380. ^ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  381. ^ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  382. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  383. ^ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  384. ^ Bahrain government website
  385. ^ "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  386. ^ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  387. ^ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  388. ^ Timatic
  389. ^ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  390. ^ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  391. ^ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Mar 18, 2005. Retrieved 2020-09-29.
  392. ^ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 2012-11-16. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  393. ^ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  394. ^ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  395. ^ Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  396. ^ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 2011-08-20. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  397. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  398. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  399. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  400. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  401. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com.
  402. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  403. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  404. ^ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  405. ^ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  406. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 2007-10-26.
  407. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  408. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  409. ^ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  410. ^ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  411. ^ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  412. ^ AfricaNews (2019-01-14). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  413. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  414. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  415. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  416. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  417. ^ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  418. ^ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  419. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
  420. ^ Roberts, Jeff John (12 September 2016). "Homeland Security Plans to Expand Fingerprint and Eye Scanning at Borders". Fortune. Fortune Media IP Limited. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Unlike with documents, it's very hard for a traveler to present a forged copy of a fingerprint or iris. That's why the U.S. Department of Homeland Security plans to vastly expand the amount of biometric data it collects at the borders. According to Passcode, a new program will ramp up a process to scan fingers and eyes in order to stop people entering and exiting the country on someone else's passport.
  421. ^ "Singapore tests eye scans at immigration checkpoints". Reuters. 6 August 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Singapore has started scanning travellers' eyes at some of its border checkpoints, its immigration authority said on Monday, in a trial of expensive technology that could one day replace fingerprint verification.
  422. ^ Lee, Vivien (6 August 2018). "5 Reasons We Prefer Iris Scans To Fingerprint Checks At Our Borders In Singapore". Retrieved 24 April 2019. The iris technology could potentially scan irises covertly, as opposed to the scanning of thumbprints which necessitates active participation.
  423. ^ Argentina strengthens migratory control
  424. ^ Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move
  425. ^ S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors
  426. ^ Cambodia Country Specific Information
  427. ^ Malaysia Country Specific Information
  428. ^ Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners
  429. ^ Office of Biometric Identity Management
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