Lists of active separatist movements

This is a list of currently active autonomist and secessionist movements around the world.

Entries on this list meet two criteria: they are active movements with living, active members, and they are seeking greater autonomy or freedom for a geographical region (as opposed to personal autonomy). What is and is not considered to be an autonomy and secessionist movement is, of course, contentious.

For defunct movements and groups, please see: List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements

Africa

Algeria

• File:Flag of the Kabyle people.svg Kabyles
  • Proposed state: Kabylie
  • Political party: Mouvement pour l'Autonomie de la Kabylie

Angola

• Cabinda
  • Government-in-exile: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
  • Political party: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
  • Rebel organization: Forças Armadas de Cabinda (FAC)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Cabinda

Benin

• Yoruba

Cameroon

• Bakassi Peninsula
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Bakassi

• Southern Cameroons
  • Proposed state: Federal Republic of Southern Cameroon, Ambazonia
  • Political party: Southern Cameroons National Council

Comoros

• Anjouan
  • Political parties: Anjouan People's Movement, Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais, Mawana
• Mohéli
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Mwali

Congo-Kinshasa

• Bas-Congo
  • Pressure group: Bundu dia Kongo
  • Proposed state: Kingdom of Kongo
• South Kasai
  • Proposed autonomous region: Mining State of South Kasai
• Katanga
  • Political parties: Confédération des Associations de Katanga Tribales, Union of Independent Federalists and Republicans
• Kwili, Kivu
  • Proposed state: Republic of Bukavu

Côte d'Ivoire

• Northern Regions

Equatorial Guinea

• Bioko
  • Political party: Movement for the Self-Determination of Bioko Island

Ethiopia

• Gambela Region
  • Rebel organization: Gambella Peoples Liberation Front
• Ogaden (File:Regió Somali.svg Somali Region)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Ogadenia
  • Political party: Ogaden National Liberation Front, Western Somali Liberation Front
  • Pressure group: Ogaden Youth Association
• Oromia Region
  • Rebel organization: Oromo Independence Movement
  • Rebel organization: Oromo Liberation Front
  • Rebel organization: Islamic Front for the Liberation of Oromia

France (Africa)

• Mayotte
• Réunion

Mauritius

• Rodrigues Island

Morocco

• Western Sahara
  • Government-in-exile: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
  • Political party: Polisario Front

Namibia

• Caprivi
  • Rebel organization: Caprivi Liberation Army
  • Political party: Caprivi African National Union
  • Proposed state: Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge

Niger

• Agadez Department
  • Rebel organization: Revolutionary Armed Forces of the Sahara
  • Political parties: Taniminnak Tidot N Tenere, Tidot Union of Tenere.
  • Proposed state: Akal N Tenere, Tenere Republic

Nigeria

• Bakassi Peninsula
  • Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Bakassi
• Igbo
  • Proposed state: Biafra (defunct)
  • Political party: Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra
• Ijaw
  • Rebel organization: Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta
  • Rebel organization: Niger Delta People's Volunteer Force
  • Proposed state: Niger Delta Republic
• Ogoni
  • Political party: Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People
• Yoruba
  • Political party: Oodua Republic Front
  • Proposed state: Oduduwa Republic of the Yorubas

Rwanda

• Batwa (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Association for the Promotion of Batwa

Somalia

• Galmudug
• Hiran
  • Proposed autonomous region: States of Central Somalia
• Jubaland
  • Rebel organization: Somali Patriotic Movement
  • Proposed state: Republic of Jubaland
• Maakhir
• Puntland
  • Political party: Somali Salvation Democratic Front
  • De facto state: Republic of Puntland State of Somalia
• Somaliland
  • Political party: Somali National Movement
  • De facto state: Republic of Somaliland
• Southwestern Somalia
  • Rebel organization: Rahanwein Resistance Army
  • Proposed autonomous region: State of Southwestern Somalia

Senegal

• Casamance
  • Rebel organization: Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance

South Africa

• Rebel organization: Sekretariaat vir Volksbou
• Pressure group: Orania Movement
• Proposed state: Boer Republic

Sudan

• Beja
  • Rebel organization: Beja Congress
• Darfur
  • Rebel organization: Darfur Liberation Front
• Kassala
• Lado District
• Southern Sudan
  • Proposed state: Southern Sudan

Tanzania

• Zanzibar (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Civic United Front

Western Sahara

• Sahrawis
  • Government-in-exile: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (see foreign relations of Western Sahara)
  • Political party: Polisario Front

Zambia

• Barotse
  • Proposed state: Barotseland
  • Rebel organization: Barotse Patriotic Front

Asia

Afghanistan

• Badakhshan (Wakhan Corridor)
  • Political party: Lali Badakhshon
  • Proposed autonomous region: United Badakhshan Peoples Republic

Azerbaijan

• Nagorno-Karabakh
  • De facto state: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
• File:Flag of Nakhichevan.svg Nakhchivan
• Talysh-Mughan
  • Proposed autonomous region: Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
• Lezgins
  • Pressure group: Sadval

Armenia

• Western part of the province Aragatsotn
  • Proposed autonomous region: Yazidis in Armenia

Bangladesh

• Chittagong Hill Tracts (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

People's Republic of China

Secessionist movements

• Inner Mongolia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Inner Mongolian People's Party, Southern Mongolian Freedom Federation
• Tibet (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Government-in-exile: Tibetan Government in Exile
  • Political party: International Tibet Independence Movement, National Democratic Party of Tibet, United Liberation Front of Tibet
• East Turkestan / Uyghuristan / Xinjiang (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Rebel organization: East Turkestan Islamic Movement
  • Political party: East Turkestan Government in Exile (newly founded, and not widely known or recognized yet)
  • Proposed state: Eastern Turkestan Republic

Autonomist movements

• Macau
  • Political party: New Macau Association

Republic of China

• Taiwan (Main article: Taiwan independence, Political status of Taiwan) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Pan-Green Coalition (Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taiwan Independence Party)
  • Proposed state: Republic of Taiwan

Cyprus

• Northern Cyprus
  • De facto state: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Georgia

• Abkhazia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • De facto state: Republic of Abkhazia
• Adjaria
  • De facto state: Republic of Adjaria
• Armenians in Samtskhe-Javakheti region
  • Pressure group: Javakh, United Javakh-Democratic Alliance, Virk
  • Proposed autonomous region: Javakh autonomous region
• South Ossetia
  • De facto state: Republic of South Ossetia

India

See also: Insurgent groups in Northeast India

• Andhra Pradesh
  • Political party: Jai Andhra
• Arunachal Pradesh
  • Rebel organization: Arunachal Dragon Force
  • Proposed autonomous region: Teola country
• Assam
  • Rebel organization: United Liberation Front of Assam, United People’s Democratic Solidarity, Koch-Rajbongshi Liberation Organisation, Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam
• Bodoland
  • Political parties: National Democratic Front of Bodoland, Bodo Liberation Tiger Force
• Dimasaland
  • Political party: Dima Halim Daogah
• Garo
  • Rebel organizations: People's Liberation Front of Meghalaya, Achik National Volunteer Council
  • Proposed autonomous region: Achikland
• Goa
• Gondwana
  • Political party: Gondwana Ganatantra Party, seeking to create a Gondi state from parts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Maharashtra.
• Kangleipak
  • Rebel organization: People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak
• Kamtapur
  • Political party: Kamtapur Peoples Party (political wing of KLO)
  • Rebel organizations: Kamtapur Liberation Organisation, Koch-Rajbongshi Liberation Organisation
• Karbi
  • Rebel organization: Karbi National Volunteers
  • Proposed autonomous region: Karbi-Anglong
• Kashmir
  • Rebel organizations:Lashkar-e-Toiba, Harkat-ul-mujahideen
  • Proposed state: Unification with Pakistan
  • Political organizations:All Parties Hurriyat Conference, Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
  • Proposed state: Independent State of Kashmir
• Khasi
  • Rebel organization: Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council
• Kuki
  • Rebel organization: Kuki National Army
• Ladakh, Indian Occupied Kashmir
• Nagaland
  • Rebel organization: National Socialist Council of Nagalim
  • Government-in-exile: Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland
  • Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
• Manipur
  • Rebel organizations: Hmar People's Convention–Democrat, Manipur People’s Liberation Front, United National Liberation Front, Revolutionary People's Front of Manipur
• Mizoram
  • Rebel organizations: Zomi Revolutionary Organization, Mizoram Farmers Liberation Force
  • Proposed state: Zozam
• Punjab
  • Proposed state: Khalistan
  • Rebel organizations: Khalistan Commando Force, Babbar Khalsa International, Khalistan Zindabad Force, International Sikh Youth Federation, Khalistan Liberation Force
• Rabha
  • Proposed autonomous region: Rhabaland
  • Rebel organization: Rabha National Security Force
• Rayalaseema
• Reang
  • Rebel organization: Bru National Liberation Front
• Sikkim
• Tamil Nadu
  • Rebel organizations: Tamil National Retrieval Troops, Tamil Nadu Liberation Army
• Telangana
  • Political parties: Telangana Rashtra Samithi, seeking to separate Telangana from Andhra Pradesh state. Various other minor groups such as Jai Telangana Party, Telangana Communist Party, Telangana Janata Party, Telangana Praja Samithi, Telangana Rashtra Party, Telangana Rashtra Sadhana Front, Telangana Rashtra Samithi and Telangana Sadhana Samithi.
• Tripura (disputed territory)
  • Rebel organizations: National Liberation Front of Tripura (two factions operating), All Tripura Tiger Force
• Vidarbha
  • Political parties: Vidarbha Rajya Party, Vidarbha Vikas Party, seeking to separate Vidarbha from Maharashtra.

Indonesia

• Aceh (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Free Aceh Movement
• Maluku (South Moluccas is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Maluku Sovereignty Front
  • Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan
• Riau
• West Papua (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Free Papua Movement/Organisasi Papua Merdeka, West Papua Niugini
  • Proposed state: Republic of West Papua
• Sulawesi

Japan

• File:Flag of the Ainu people.svg Ainu people
• Hokkaidō (Republic of Ezo)
• Ryūkyūs, Ryukyuan people
  • Proposed state: Republic of the Ryūkyūs
  • Political party: Ryukyu independence movement, Ryukyu Independent Party

Laos

• Hmong

Malaysia

• Sabah
  • Political party: Parti Bersatu Sabah

Myanmar (Burma)

• Arakan
  • Pressure group: Arakan Independence Alliance
• Chin
  • Rebel organization: Chin National Front
  • Proposed state: Chinland
• Kachin
  • Political party: Kachin National Organization
  • Proposed state: Kachinland
• Karen
  • Pressure group: Karen National Union
  • Rebel organization: Karen National Liberation Army
  • Proposed state: Republic of Kawthoolei
• Karenni (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: Karenni National Progressive Party
  • Rebel organization: Karenni Army
  • Government-in-exile: Karenni Provisional Government
  • Proposed state: United Karenni Independent States
• Kuki
  • Pressure group: Kuki National Organisation
  • Rebel organization: Kuki National Army
  • Proposed state: Kukiland
• Mon
  • Political party: New Mon State Party
• Nagaland
  • Rebel organization: National Socialist Council of Nagaland
  • Government-in-exile: Government of the People's Republic of Nagaland
  • Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
• Rakhine people
  • Pressure group: Arakan Rohingya National Organization
• Shan
  • Political party: Shan Democratic Union
  • Pressure group: Restoration Council of Shan State
  • Rebel organization: Shan State Army
  • Proposed state: Federated Shan States
• Wa
  • Political party: United Wa State Party
  • Rebel organization: United Wa State Army
  • Proposed state: Wa State
• Zomi
  • Political parties: Zomi National Congress, Zomi Reunification Organization
  • Rebel organizations: Zomi National Front/Army, Zomi Revolutionary Army
  • Proposed state: Zogam, or Federated State of Zomi

Pakistan

• Balochistan
  • Political Party: Balochistan Liberation Front
• Balawaristan
  • Political party: Gilgit Baltistan United Movement
  • Proposed state: Republic of Gilgit Baltistan
• Sindh
  • Proposed state: Sindhudesh
  • Political movement: Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz
• Waziristan
  • Political party: Taliban, al-Qaeda
  • Rebel organization: Army of Waziristan
  • De facto state: Islamic Emirate of Waziristan
• Pashtunistan

Philippines

• Bangsamoro
  • Political party: Moro National Liberation Front
  • Rebel organization: Moro Islamic Liberation Front
  • Rebel organization: Abu Sayyaf
  • Proposed state: Federal Republic of Mindanao
• Cordillera (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Cordillera Bodong Association
  • Rebel organization: Cordillera People's Liberation Army

Russian Federation (Asia)

• Altai Republic
• Buryatia
  • Political party: All Buryat Association for the Development of Culture
• Eastern Siberia
  • Proposed state: United States of Northern Asia
• Far Eastern Republic
  • Proposed state: Far Eastern Republic
• Khakassia
• Sakha
  • Political party: Sakha-Amuk
• File:Siberian Republic.jpg Siberia
  • Political party: Party of Siberian Liberation
  • Proposed state: Siberian Republic
• Tuva
  • Political party: People's Party of Sovereign Tuva, People's Front "Free Tuva"

Sri Lanka

• File:Flag of Tamil Eelam.png Tamil
  • De facto state: Tamil Eelam
  • Rebel organization: Tamil Tigers
  • Political party: Tamil National Alliance

Tajikistan

• Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region
  • Political party: Lali Badakhshon

Thailand

• Pattani
  • Rebel organization: Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) (irredentist)
  • Proposed state: "Greater Patani State" (Negara Patani Raya)

Uzbekistan

• Karakalpakstan

Vietnam

• Hmong
• Degar
  • Proposed autonomous region: Tây Nguyên
  • Pressure group: Montagnard Foundation

The Middle East

Iran

• File:Chaldean flag.jpg Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (See also: Assyrian independence) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Kurdish people
  • Political party: Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI)
  • Political party: Kurdistan Independence Party (PSK)
  • Rebel organizations: Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan (PJAK), Komalah
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan
• Balochistan
• File:Bandera d'Arabistan.svg Arabistan (Khuzestan) (See also: Politics of Khūzestān Province)
  • Rebel organizations: Al-Ahwaz Arab People's Democratic Popular Front, Ahwaz Arab Renaissance Party, Ahwaz Liberation Organisation
  • Pressure group: Democratic Solidarity Party of Al-Ahwaz

Iraq

• File:Chaldean flag.jpg Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (See also: Assyrian independence) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Assyrian Universal Alliance (AUA)
  • Proposed autonomous region: Assyria

• Kurdish people (Iraqi Kurdistan is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political parties: Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan

• Shi'a Muslims
  • Political United Iraqi Alliance (UIA) (goal: establishing a federation in Iraq, but this is not supported by all parties)

• Iraqi Turkmen (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Iraqi Turkmen Front (ITF) (goal: recognition of Turkmen as a national minority)

Israel

• Palestine (Main article: Proposals for a Palestinian state)
  • Rebel organizations: al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade (now officially known as al-Shaid Yasser Arafat Brigades), Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Tanzim
  • Political parties: Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Fatah, Palestine Liberation Front, Palestine Liberation Organisation, Palestinian National Authority, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (these political parties also have armed, militant wings)

Lebanon

• File:Chaldean flag.jpg Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (See also: Assyrian independence) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Mount Lebanon

Syria

• File:Chaldean flag.jpg Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (See also: Assyrian independence) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Kurdish people
  • Political party: Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP)
  • Rebel organization: Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan

Turkey (Asia)

• File:Chaldean flag.jpg Assyrian people (politically divided between Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey; see respective entries) (See also: Assyrian independence) (Assyria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Kurdish people
  • Rebel organization: Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK)
  • Proposed state: Kurdistan

Europe

Albania

• Northern Epirus
  • Political party: Unity for Human Rights Party, Democratic Union of the Greek Ethnic Minority in Albania. The Greek Minority of Albania is represented in the UNPO

Austria

Active regional autonomy movements present in all parts of the country, or outside the country, but notably in:

• Carinthia (state)
  • Political party: (Carinthian Slovenes)
  • Proposed state: Slovenia
• Burgenland (Hungarian minority in Austria) (Croatians)
  • Political party: (Istrian Democratic Assembly)
  • Proposed state: Hungary Croatia

Belgium

• Brussels-Capital Region
  • Political parties (seeking a union with France):
    • Rassemblement Bruxelles-France
  • Political parties (seeking a union with Flanders):
    • Lijst Dedecker
    • Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie member of the European People's Party
    • Spirit member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png
    • Vlaams Belang member of the Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty-Group
    • VLOTT
• Flemish Region
  • Political parties (seeking independence or confederation and, in some cases, a certain degree of cooperation with the Netherlands):
    • Lijst Dedecker
    • Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie member of the European People's Party
    • Spirit member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png
    • Vlaams Belang member of the Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty-Group
    • VLOTT
• German-speaking Community of Belgium
  • Political parties:
    • Partei der deutschsprachigen Belgier member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png
• Walloon Region
  • Political parties (seeking a union with France):
    • Rassemblement Wallonie-France

Bosnia and Herzegovina

• Republika Srpska
  • Political parties: Savez nezavisnih socijaldemokrata, Srpska Demokratska Stranka
• File:Herzeg Bosnia1993.gif Bosnian Croats
  • Political parties: Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Proposed state: Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia

Croatia

Active regional autonomy movements present in all parts of the country, or outside the country, but notably in:

• Rijeka (Fiume) (Lista za Rijeku - Lista per Fiume)
  • Political party: (Lista za Rijeku - Lista per Fiume)
  • Proposed state: Italy
• Istria (Istrian Democratic Assembly)
  • Political party: (Istrian Democratic Assembly)
  • Proposed state: Italy
• Covering Serb minorities in and around Knin & with territorial aspirations to parts of northern Dalmatia, Lika, Banija & Slavonia (see Republic of Serbian Krajina Government in Exile) - active secessionists appear to be concentrated among refugees currently living outside Croatia and reflect territorial desires of political groups/institutions in Serbia (see Greater Serbia)
  • Political party: (Serbs of Croatia)
  • Proposed state: Greater Serbia

Czech Republic

• Moravia
  • Political parties: Moravané member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png [2]
  • Pressure group: Svobodní Moravané / Free Moravians
• Karviná District eastern part of Frýdek-Místek District.
  • Pressure group: Polish minority in the Czech Republic

Denmark

• Faroe Islands
  • Political party: Republican Party, People's Party, Centre Party, Self-Government Party
• Freetown Christiania
• Scania (Skåneland, Terra Scania) (politically divided between Denmark and Sweden; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Finland

• Åland
  • Political party: Future of Åland member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png
  • Proposed state: Åland
• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi (Lapland)

France (Europe)

Some of the claimed nations

• Alsace-Lorraine
  • Political party: Forum Nationaliste d'Alsace-Lorraine, Union du Peuple Alsacien
• Arpitania
• Basque Country
  • Political party: Abertzaleen Batasuna (AB), Batasuna, Eusko Alkartasuna (EA) member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Parti Nationaliste Basque.
  • Pressure group: All local politicians , even those in "French" parties, agree to demand a Basque département and co-officiality of Basque language, a demand that has been rejected by the French government.
  • Rebel organization: Iparretarrak (defunct), ETA
  • Proposed state: Euskadi or Euskal Herria (Basque Country)
• Brittany
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political party: Adsav,Breton Party, Union Démocratique Bretonne member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Emgann
  • Rebel organization: Armée Revolutionnaire Bretonne, Front de Libération de la Bretagne
  • Proposed state: Brittany
• Corsica
  • Political party: Corsica Nazione, Partitu di a Nazione Corsa
  • Rebel organization: National Front for the Liberation of Corsica
• Nice
  • Political party: Ligue pour la renaissance des libertés niçoises
• Normandy
  • Political party: Le Mouvement Normand
• Northern Catalonia
  • Political party: Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Bloc Català
  • Proposed state: Paisos Catalans
• Savoy
  • Political party: Savoy Regional Movement
  • Political party: Ligue savoisienne
• Occitania
  • Political party: Partit de la Nacion Occitana, Partit Occitan member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png

Germany

• Bavaria
  • Political party: Bavaria Party member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png

Italy

• File:Flag of the Aosta Valley.png Aosta Valley
  • Political party: Union Valdôtaine
• Arpitania
• Friuli-Venezia Giulia
  • Political parties : Lega Nord Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Movimento Friuli, Giulian Front
• Liguria
  • Political party: Lega Nord Liguria, Ligurian Independentist Movement
• Northern Italy
  • Political party: Lega Nord
  • Proposed state: Padania
• Lombardy
  • Political party: Lega Lombarda
• Piedmont
  • Political party: Lega Nord Piemònt
• Sardinia
  • Political parties: Sardigna Natzione, Sardinian Action Party, Independence Republic of Sardinia
• File:Vlagseborga.png Principality of Seborga
• Sicily
  • Political parties: Movement for Autonomy, New Sicily, Movement for the Independence of Sicily, Sicilian Alliance, Pact for Sicily, L'Altra Sicilia, Sicilian National Front, Sicilia Democratica, Sicilia Federale
  • Pressure group: Terra e Liberazione

• Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol
  • Political parties (autonomist): South Tyrolean People's Party, Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party, Autonomist Trentino, Ladins Political Movement, Ladin Autonomist Union
  • Political parties (secessionist): Union for South Tyrol, The Libertarians, Süd-Tiroler Freiheit
  • Pressure groups: Brennerbasisdemokratie
• Southern Italy
  • Political party: Lega Sud Ausonia, Due Sicilie
  • Proposed state: Ausonia
• Veneto
  • Political parties: Liga Veneta, Liga Fronte Veneto, North-East Project, Venetians in Movement

Kosovo

• Republic of Kosovo
  • Political parties: Democratic League of Kosovo, Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, Democratic Party of Kosovo, National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo, The People's Movement for Kosovo
  • Rebel organization: Kosovo Liberation Army (became Kosovo Protection Corps)
  • see also: International reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
• North Kosovo

Lithuania

• Covering Polish minorities in and around Vilnius district municipality (61.3% of the population) and Šalčininkai district municipality (79.5%).
  • Political party: Polish minority in Lithuania,Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania
  • Proposed state: Greater Poland

Moldova

• Gagauz Yeri
• Transnistria
  • De facto state: Transnistria

Montenegro

• Sandžak (Bosniaks and Muslims) (politically divided between Montenegro and Serbia; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Kraja (Albanians)

Netherlands (Europe)

• Fryslân
  • Political party: Frisian National Party, member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png

Norway

• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi (Lapland)

Poland

• Silesia
  • Political party: Ruch Autonomii Śląska
• Kashubia
  • Pressure group: Kashubian-Pomeranian Association

Portugal

• Azores
  • Political party: Democratic Party of the Atlantic Azores (virtually extinct)
  • Rebel organizations: FLA (extinct)
• File:MadeiraFlag.svg Madeira
  • Rebel organizations: FLAMA (extinct)

Romania

• Szekler Land
  • Proposed land division: Szekler Autonomous Region

Russian Federation (Europe)

• Adygea
• Bashkortostan
• Chechnya (The Chechen Republic of Ichkeria is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Rebel organization: Chechen separatists
  • Proposed state: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
  • Alternative proposed state: Caucasian Emirate (claimed successor to Ichkeria)
• Chuvashia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Proposed state: Chuvashia, Idel-Ural
• Dagestan
• Ingria (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Ingushetia
• Kabardino-Balkaria
• Kaliningrad Oblast
• Karachay-Cherkessia
• Karelia
• Komi (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Mari El (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Mari Ushem
  • Proposed state: Mari El, Idel-Ural
• Northern Ossetia
• Mordovia
• Sami
  • Proposed state: Sapmi
• Tatarstan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: All-Tatar Public Center
  • Proposed state: Tatarstan, Idel-Ural
• Udmurtia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Proposed state: Udmurtia, Idel-Ural
• Ural
  • Political party: Ural Transformation Movement
• Vepsia

Serbia

• Preševo, Bujanovac and Medveđa
  • Rebel organization: UCPMB (defunct)
  • Political party: Political Council for Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac
• Sandžak (Bosniaks and Muslims) (politically divided between Montenegro and Serbia; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• Autonomous Province of Vojvodina
  • Movement for autonomy of the whole province (proposed autonomy: Republic of Vojvodina)
    • Political parties: League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina, Reformists of Vojvodina, Vojvodina Coalition, Union of Socialists of Vojvodina
  • Movement for autonomy of the Hungarian-populated northern part of Vojvodina (proposed autonomy: Hungarian Regional Autonomy)
    • Political parties: Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians, Democratic Community of Vojvodina Hungarians, Democratic Party of Vojvodina Hungarians

Slovakia

• Košice Region
  • Political party: Hungarians in Slovakia
  • Proposed State: Hungary

Spain

• Andalusia (Main article: Andalusian nationalism)
  • Political parties (autonomist): Partido Andalucista, Partido Socialista Andaluz, Bloque Andaluz de Izquierdas, Partido Comunista del Pueblo Andaluz
  • Political parties (secessionist): Nación Andaluza, Asamblea Nacional de Andalucia
  • Proposed state: Andalusia

• Aragon
  • Political party (autonomist): Chunta Aragonesista member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png
  • Political party (secessionist): Estado Aragonés
  • Youth movement: Astral-Mozardalla d´Estau Aragonés, Chobenalla Aragonesista, A Enrestida
  • Proposed state: Aragón

• Asturias
  • Political parties (autonomist): Partíu Asturianista, URAS
  • Political parties (secessionist): Unidá, Bloque por Asturies, Andecha Astur
  • Youth movement: Mocedá d'Izquierda Asturiana, EMIR, Darréu
  • Proposed state: Asturies
  • Proposed flag: Asturina
  • Main article: Asturian nationalism

• Basque Country and Navarre (Main article: Basque nationalism)
  • Political party: Partido Nacionalista Vasco, Eusko Alkartasuna member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Batasuna, Aralar
  • Armed organization: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)
  • Proposed state: Euskal Herria (Basque Country)

• Canary Islands
  • Political party: Congreso Nacional Canario (MPAIAC party), Federación Nacionalista Canaria, Alternativa Popular Canaria, Unidad del Pueblo
  • Youth movement: Azarug
  • Historical parties and organizations: Movimiento Pro-Independencia de Canarias, MIC, Movimiento Canarias Libre, Canarias Nación, Movimiento Autonomista Canario, Movimiento por la Autodeterminación y la Independencia del Archipielago Canario (MPAIAC), Canarias Libre, Fuerzas Armadas Guanches, Destacamentos Armados Canarios
  • Proposed State: Canary Islands

• Cantabria
  • Political party: Conceju Nacionaliegu Cántabru

• Castile
  • Political parties (autonomist): Tierra Comunera
  • Political parties (secessionist): Izquierda Castellana, Movimiento Popular Castellano,
  • Youth movement: YESCA
  • Proposed state: Castilla
  • Proposed flag: Pendón Morado,Pendón Estrellado
  • Main article: Castilian nationalism

• Catalonia (Catalan independentism), the Valencian Country and the Balearic Islands
  • Civil Organization: Sobirania i Progrés (Sovereignty and Progress), Plataforma pel Dret de Decidir, Cercle d'Estudis Sobiranistes
  • Pressure groups: Catalunya Acció, Free Catalonia, Endavant, Moviment de Defensa de la Terra
  • Youth pressure groups: Maulets, Coordinadora d'Assemblees de Joves de l'Esquerra Independentista, Joventuts d'Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya
  • Political parties (secessionist): Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands, and called Esquerra Republicana del País Valencià in the Valencian Country), member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png; Estat Català (in Catalonia); Bloc Nacionalista Valencià (in the Valencian Country).
  • Political parties (autonomist): Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya, Unió Democràtica de Catalunya (in Catalonia); Partit Socialista de Mallorca-Entesa Nacionalista, Entesa de l’Esquerra de Menorca (in the Balearic Islands)
  • Armed organization: Terra Lliure (defunct)
  • Proposed state: Catalan Countries (united or federated); Principality of Catalonia, Valencian Country and Balearic Islands.

• Galicia
  • Political party: Bloque Nacionalista Galego (Galician Nationalist Block)(autonomist), member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, NÓS-Unidade Popular (WE-Popular Unity)(independentist), Frente Popular Galego (Galician Popular Front)(independentist), Partido Galeguista (The Galician Party) , Terra Galega Galician Coalition (Centrist nationalist Party)
  • Youth pressure groups: Galiza Nova, AGIR, CAF
  • Rebel organization: Exercito Gerrilheiro do Povo Galego Ceibe (defunct)
  • Proposed state: Galiza
  • Main article: Galician nationalism

• León
  • Political party: Unión del Pueblo Leonés (UPL or Leonese People's Union), Conceyu Xoven (Young Council)
  • Proposed state: País Llïonés - Leonese Country (Conceyu Xoven)
  • Proposed autonomous region: Comunidad Autónoma de León - Autonomous Community of León (UPL)

See Nationalities in Spain.

Sweden

• Republic of Jamtland
• Sami
  • Proposed autonomous region: Sápmi (Lapland)
• Scania (Skåneland, Terra Scania) (politically divided between Denmark and Sweden; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Switzerland

• Arpitania
• Jura
  • Political party: Mouvement Indépendantiste Jurassien (Jurassian Independentist Movement), Mouvement Autonomiste Jurassien (Jurassian Autonomist Movement), Groupe Bélier (Youth activists movement),
• Romandie
  • Political party: Mouvement Romand (French speaking region)

Ukraine

• Crimea (the Crimean Tatars are a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
• or File:Flag DKR.svg Donbas (Russians in Ukraine)
• Subcarpathian Rus (the Rusyns claim autonomy or a sovereign state under the control of the European Union and the Russian Federation)

United Kingdom and associated territories (Europe)

• Cornwall: Cornish self-government movement, Constitutional status of Cornwall
  • Pressure groups: Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament, Cornish Solidarity, Tyr Gwyr Gweryn, Cornwall 2000, Celtic League
  • Political parties: Mebyon Kernow - Party for Cornwall member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Cornish Green Party, Cornish National Party
  • Rebel organization: Cornish National Liberation Army
• England: English nationalism
  • Political party: English Democrats Party, Devolved English parliament
• Guernsey [3]
• Northern Ireland ("Six Counties"): Irish nationalism, Irish Republicanism, Ulster nationalism
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political parties: Sinn Féin, Social Democratic and Labour Party, Republican Sinn Féin, Irish Republican Socialist Party, Ulster Third Way, Ulster Independence Movement
  • Rebel organization: Provisional Irish Republican Army, Real IRA, Continuity IRA, Irish National Liberation Army
• Isle of Man
  • Pressure groups: Celtic League
  • Political party: Mec Vannin, Liberal Vannin
• London
  • Whilst the campaign for a Greater London city state, independent of the UK, has not yet gained much formal momentum, its advantages have been proposed by Time Out magazine, and a fairer economic and political deal for Londoners has been a platform of the One London party
• Scotland: Scottish independence
  • Pressure groups: Independence First, Siol nan Gaidheal, Celtic League, SRSM
  • Political parties: Scottish National Party member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Scottish Green Party, Scottish Socialist Party, Scottish Enterprise Party, Scottish Independence Party, Free Scotland Party
  • Rebel organization: Scottish National Liberation Army
• Wales: Welsh nationalism
  • Pressure groups: Cymuned, Cymdeithas yr Iaith Gymraeg, Celtic League
  • Political parties: Plaid Cymru member of the European Free Alliance File:Efa logo.png, Forward Wales, Wales Green Party, Cymru Annibynnol
• Isle of Wight
  • Political party: Isle of Wight Party

North America

Canada

Secessionist movements

Main article: Secessionist movements of Canada

• Alberta (Main article: Alberta Separatism)
  • Political party: Separation Party of Alberta
• British Columbia + Pacific Northwestern US
  • Proposed state: Cascadia
  • Pressure group: Republic of Cascadia, Cascadian Independence Project
• Quebec (Main article: Quebec sovereignty movement)
  • Civil organization: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ)
  • Labour union: Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ), Union des artistes (UDA)
  • Political party: Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Québec solidaire, Parti indépendantiste
• Saskatchewan
  • Political party: Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan
• Western Canada
  • Political party: Western Independence Party, Western Block Party

Autonomist movements

• Cape Breton Island
• Labrador
• Newfoundland
• File:Nunatsiavut flag.svg Nunatsiavut
• Quebec
  • Political party: Action démocratique du Québec
  • Political party: Liberal Party of Quebec (under late Robert Bourassa)
• Vancouver Island

Denmark (North America)

• Greenland
  • Political party: Inuit Ataqatigiit

Mexico

• Chiapas
  • Zapatista autonomous self-governing region and rebel movement

United Kingdom (North America)

• Bermuda
  • Political parties: Gombey Liberation Party, Progressive Labour Party (Bermuda)

United States

• Alaska
  • Political party: Alaskan Independence Party
• Black Belt (U.S. region)
  • Pressure group: RNA, New Black Panther Party
  • Proposed state: Republic of New Afrika
• File:CaliTricolor.svg California
  • Californian Secessionist Party, Committee to Explore Californian Secession
  • Proposed state: California Republic
• Lakota Sioux
  • Pressure group: Lakotah Oyate
  • Proposed state: Republic of Lakota
• Maine
  • Proposed state: Republic of Maine
  • Pressure group: Free Maine[4]
• New England
  • Pressure group: New England Confederation Alliance
• New Hampshire
  • Pressure group: republicofnh.org
  • Proposed state: Republic of New Hampshire
• New York City
  • Pressure group: Peter Vallone, Free City of Tri-Insula
• Newfoundland, Atlantic Northeast, Middle Atlantic States, Ontario, Canadian prairies, Midwest, Northern Western United States, and Pacific Northwest (Areas of North America [excluding The South ] primarily inhabited by whites)--Vinland
  • Pressure group: Various white nationalist, white separatist, and Neo-Nazi groups
  • Proposed state: Vinland
• Pacific Northwest + British Columbia, Canada
  • Proposed state: Cascadia
  • Pressure group: Republic of Cascadia, Cascadian Independence Project
• The South
  • Pressure group: League of the South
  • Political party: Southern Party (Defunct)
  • Political party: Southern Independence Party
  • Proposed state: Confederate States of America

See also: Neo-confederate movement

• Southwest United States
  • Pressure group: La Voz de Aztlán, MEChA
  • Proposed state: Aztlán (to be dependent upon Mexico)
• Texas
  • Proposed state: Republic of Texas
• Vermont
  • Proposed state: Green Mountain Republic of Vermont
  • Pressure group: Second Vermont Republic [5]

Central/South America and Caribbean

Antigua and Barbuda

• Barbuda
  • Political party: Barbuda People's Movement

Argentina

• Mapuche (politically divided between Argentina and Chile; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: The All Lands Conseil (Consejo de Todas las Tierras)
  • Proposed state: Mapuche Nation

Bolivia

• Aymara (politically divided between Bolivia, Chile and Peru; see respective entries)
  • Pressure group: Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, Movement for Socialism, Indigenous Pachakuti Movement
  • Proposed state: Collasuyu

• Santa Cruz

Brazil

• Rio Grande do Sul
  • Political party: Pampa Independence Movement
  • Proposed state: Restoration of the independence of the Rio-Grandense Republic
  • Proposed flag: [6]
• O Sul é Meu País movement ("The south is my country"), Brazil (Southern Brazil)
  • Political party: Movement for the Independence of South of Brazil
• State of São Paulo
  • Political party: Movimento São Paulo Independente ([7])

Chile

• Aymara (politically divided between Bolivia, Chile and Peru; see respective entries)
  • Pressure group: Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, Movement for Socialism, Indigenous Pachakuti Movement
  • Proposed state: Collasuyu
• Mapuche (politically divided between Argentina and Chile; see respective entries) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: The All Lands Conseil (Consejo de Todas las Tierras)
  • Proposed state: Mapuche Nation

France (South America and Caribbean)

• French Guiana
  • Political party: French Guiana Liberation Movement, Tam-Tam Front for the Liberation of Guiana
• Guadeloupe
• Martinique

Haiti

• Northern Haiti
  • Proposed state: Artibonite

Netherlands (Caribbean)

• Aruba
• Bonaire
• Curaçao
• Netherlands Antilles and Sint Maarten

Nicaragua

• Miskito and other indigenous peoples
  • Political party: YATAMA
  • Autonomous regions: Región Autónoma del Atlántico Norte, Región Autónoma del Atlántico Sur

Peru

• Aymara (politically divided between Bolivia, Chile and Peru; see respective entries)
  • Pressure group: Tupac Katari Guerrilla Army, Movement for Socialism, Indigenous Pachakuti Movement
  • Proposed state: Collasuyu

St. Vincent and the Grenadines

• Grenadines

St. Kitts and Nevis

• Nevis
  • Political party: Concerned Citizens' Movement, Nevis Reformation Party

Trinidad and Tobago

• Tobago
  • Political party: Democratic Action Congress

United Kingdom (Caribbean)

• Anguilla
• Cayman Islands
• Montserrat
  • Political parties: New People's Liberation Movement, United National Front
• Turks and Caicos Islands

United States (Caribbean)

• Puerto Rico
  • Political party: Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)
  • Pressure group: Puerto Rican Nationalist Party, Pro-Independence Universitarian Federation (FUPI), Union of Socialist Youth (UJS), Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano (MINH), Socialist Front (FS), National Congress for the Descolonizations (CONADE)
  • Rebel organization: Boricua Popular Army (Macheteros), Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional (FALN)

Venezuela (South America)

• File:Bandezulia.gifZulia State
  • Pressure group: Rumbo Propio [8]
  • Proposed state: Independent Republic of Zulia [9]

Oceania

Australia

• Norfolk Island
• Australian Aborigines (Main article: Australian Aboriginal Sovereignty) (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Pressure group: Aboriginal Tent Embassy

Chile

• Rapa Nui (Easter island)

Fiji

• Rotuma

France (Oceania)

• French Polynesia
  • Political party: Tavini Huiraatira
• New Caledonia
  • Political party: Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front

Indonesia

• Aceh
• Maluku
  • Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan
• West Papua
  • Rebel organization: Free Papua Movement/Organisasi Papua Merdeka, West Papua Niugini
  • Proposed state: Republic of West Papua
• West Timor

Kiribati

• Banaba Island

Micronesia

• Chuuk

New Zealand

• Cook Islands
• Māori
  • Political parties: Mana Māori Movement, Mana Motuhake, Mana Wahine Te Ira Tangata, Māori Party, Mauri Pacific, Nga Iwi Morehu Movement, Piri Wiri Tua Movement, Ratana Movement, Te Tawharau
  • Pressure group: Māori King Movement, Tino rangatiratanga
  • Proposed state: Tūhoe nation
• Niue
• Tokelau

Papua New Guinea

• Bougainville (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
  • Political party: Bougainville Revolutionary Army (recently violent), Bougainville Freedom Movement

Solomon Islands

• Malaita

United States (Oceania)

• Guam
  • Pressure movement: Chamoru Nation, Organization of People for Indigenous Rights
  • Local Self-Government: Guam Commission on Self-Determination, now known as the Commission on Decolonization
• Hawaii
  • Pressure movement: Hawaiian sovereignty movement
  • Political party: Nation of Hawai‘i and other nationalist groups attempting to reassert the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i. The Kingdom of Hawai‘i was internationally recognized as an independent country until the Republic of Hawaii was recognized in its place in 1894.
• Northern Marianas
  • Pressure Movement: Taotao Tano

Vanuatu

• Malekula
  • Proposed state: N'Makiaute
• Northern islands
  • Proposed state: Federation Na Griamel
• Tanna
  • Political party: Forcona Movement, Kapiel Alliance
  • Proposed state: Tafea Nation

See also

• List of autonomous regions and particular administrative divisions leaders
• List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements
• List of political parties campaigning for self-government
• List of U.S. state secession proposals
• List of dependent territories
• List of sovereign states
• European Union: Committee of the Regions, European Free Alliance
• Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation
• United Nations member states
• List of ethnic groups
• List of Chinese nationalities
• Self-determination
• Nationalism
• Separatism
• Autonomy
• Self-governance
• Sovereignty

External links

• eLandnet - indigenous peoples and national minorities worldwide
• Open Directory - Territorial Disputes
• List of leftist secessionist movements