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Coordinates: 51°31′41″N 0°00′14″E / 51.528°N 0.004°E / 51.528; 0.004
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==Services==
==Services==
[[File:West Ham Station Signage.jpg|thumb|right|West Ham Station Signs with the new DLR sign in the foreground and Jubilee line sign in the background.]]
[[File:West Ham Station Signage.jpg|thumb|right|West Ham Station Signs with the new DLR sign in the foreground and Jubilee line sign in the background.]]
The station is in [[List of stations in London fare zone 2|London fare zone 2]] and [[List of stations in London fare zone 3| zone 3]]. The typical off-peak service from the station is twelve [[District line]] trains per hour to [[Upminster station|Upminster]] and twelve to [[Earl's Court tube station|Earl's Court]], of which six continue to [[Ealing Broadway station|Ealing Broadway]] and six continue to [[Richmond station (London)|Richmond]]. On the [[Hammersmith & City line]] there are six trains an hour to [[Hammersmith tube station (Hammersmith & City and Circle lines)|Hammersmith]] and six to [[Plaistow tube station|Plaistow]], of which three continue to [[Barking station|Barking]]. On the [[Jubilee line]] there are sixteen trains an hour to [[Stratford station|Stratford]] and sixteen towards [[Stanmore tube station|Stanmore]]. On the [[Docklands Light Railway|DLR]] there are six trains an hour to [[Stratford International station|Stratford International]], and six to [[Woolwich Arsenal station|Woolwich Arsenal]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/gettingaround/1125.aspx | title=DLR frequencies | publisher=Transport for London | accessdate=7 February 2012 }}</ref> There are eight [[c2c]] services an hour to [[Fenchurch Street railway station|Fenchurch Street]], four to [[Shoeburyness railway station|Shoeburyness]], two to [[Grays railway station|Grays]] via [[Rainham railway station (London)|Rainham]] and two to [[Southend Central railway station|Southend Central]] via [[Ockendon railway station|Ockendon]].
The station is in [[List of stations in London fare zone 2|London fare zone 2]] and [[List of stations in London fare zone 3|zone 3]]. The typical off-peak service from the station is twelve [[District line]] trains per hour to [[Upminster station|Upminster]] and twelve to [[Earl's Court tube station|Earl's Court]], of which six continue to [[Ealing Broadway station|Ealing Broadway]] and six continue to [[Richmond station (London)|Richmond]]. On the [[Hammersmith & City line]] there are six trains an hour to [[Hammersmith tube station (Hammersmith & City and Circle lines)|Hammersmith]] and six to [[Plaistow tube station|Plaistow]], of which three continue to [[Barking station|Barking]]. On the [[Jubilee line]] there are sixteen trains an hour to [[Stratford station|Stratford]] and sixteen towards [[Stanmore tube station|Stanmore]]. On the [[Docklands Light Railway|DLR]] there are six trains an hour to [[Stratford International station|Stratford International]], and six to [[Woolwich Arsenal station|Woolwich Arsenal]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/gettingaround/1125.aspx | title=DLR frequencies | publisher=Transport for London | accessdate=7 February 2012 }}</ref> There are eight [[c2c]] services an hour to [[Fenchurch Street railway station|Fenchurch Street]], four to [[Shoeburyness railway station|Shoeburyness]], two to [[Grays railway station|Grays]] via [[Rainham railway station (London)|Rainham]] and two to [[Southend Central railway station|Southend Central]] via [[Ockendon railway station|Ockendon]].


==Connections==
==Connections==
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==Incidents==
==Incidents==
On 15 March 1976, a 5 [[lb]] bomb planted by the [[Provisional IRA]] exploded on a Metropolitan line train at West Ham station. The bomb detonated prior to reaching the [[City of London]], where it was thought to have targeted [[Liverpool Street station]] at rush hour.<ref>''Murders of London: In the Steps of the Capital's Killers'' by David Long, 2012, p. 36.</ref><ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/50138756/</ref><ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/36302066/</ref> The suspect, later named Adrian Vincent Donnelly, then shot Peter Chalk, a [[Post Office]] engineer, and shot and killed the train's driver Julius Stephen, who had attempted to catch the perpetrator.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/15/newsid_2543000/2543605.stm |title=1976: Tube driver shot dead |website=BBC On This Day |year=2008 |accessdate=11 November 2017 }}</ref> Nine others were injured in the blast. Donelly shot himself in the chest when cornered by police, but survived and was apprehended and served 21 years of minimum 30 year sentence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackkalendar.nl/content.php?key=21487|website=Black Kalendar|accessdate=11 November 2017}}</ref>
On 15 March 1976, a 5 [[lb]] bomb planted by the [[Provisional IRA]] exploded on a Metropolitan line train at West Ham station. The bomb detonated prior to reaching the [[City of London]], where it was thought to have targeted [[Liverpool Street station]] at rush hour.<ref>''Murders of London: In the Steps of the Capital's Killers'' by David Long, 2012, p. 36.</ref><ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/50138756/</ref><ref>https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/36302066/</ref> The suspect, later named Adrian Vincent Donnelly, then shot Peter Chalk, a [[Post Office]] engineer, and shot and killed the train's driver Julius Stephen, who had attempted to catch the perpetrator.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/march/15/newsid_2543000/2543605.stm |title=1976: Tube driver shot dead |website=BBC On This Day |year=2008 |accessdate=11 November 2017 }}</ref> Nine others were injured in the blast. Donelly shot himself in the chest when cornered by police, but survived and was apprehended and served 21 years of minimum 30-year sentence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackkalendar.nl/content.php?key=21487|website=Black Kalendar|accessdate=11 November 2017}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:34, 1 December 2017

West Ham London Underground Docklands Light Railway National Rail
West Ham is located in Greater London
West Ham
West Ham
Location of West Ham in Greater London
LocationWest Ham
Local authorityLondon Borough of Newham
Managed byLondon Underground
Station code(s)WEH
DfT categoryC1
Number of platforms8
AccessibleYes[1][2]
Fare zone2 and 3
London Underground annual entry and exit
2018Increase 5.35 million[3]
2019Decrease 4.55 million[4]
2020Decrease 3.28 million[5]
2021Decrease 2.72 million[6]
2022Increase 4.51 million[7]
DLR annual boardings and alightings
2018Increase 3.500 million[8]
2019Increase 3.523 million[9]
2020Decrease 2.044 million[10]
2021Decrease 2.006 million[11]
2022included in Underground usage[12]
National Rail annual entry and exit
2011–12Increase 3.514 million[14]
2012–13Increase 4.057 million[14]
2013–14Decrease 3.690 million[14]
2014–15Increase 5.308 million[14]
2015–16Increase 8.778[13] million[14]
Railway companies
Original companyLondon, Tilbury and Southend Railway
Pre-groupingMidland Railway
Post-groupingLondon, Midland and Scottish Railway
Key dates
1901Opened (LT&SR/NLR)
1902District line started
1913London–Southend withdrawn
1916NLR withdrawn
1936Hammersmith & City started
1979North London service started
1999c2c and Jublilee line started
2006North London service withdrawn
2011DLR started[15]
Other information
External links
Coordinates51°31′41″N 0°00′14″E / 51.528°N 0.004°E / 51.528; 0.004
London transport portal

West Ham is an intermodal interchange station on Manor Road and Memorial Avenue in West Ham, east London in England, served by London Underground, National Rail and Docklands Light Railway services. On the London Underground it is a stop on the District, Hammersmith & City and Jubilee lines; on the National Rail network it is served by c2c services.

The station was opened on 1 February 1901 by the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway on the line from Fenchurch Street to Barking that was opened in 1858. It was known as West Ham (Manor Road) from 11 February 1924 to 1 January 1969. The station was rebuilt and significantly expanded in 1999 with the addition of four platforms, a new booking hall and connecting passages. The North London Line services were withdrawn in 2006 to make way for the Docklands Light Railway Stratford International branch, which opened on 31 August 2011.[15]

History

East to west alignment

The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway direct line from Bow to Barking was constructed east to west through the middle of the Parish of West Ham in 1858. Before this, trains took a longer route via Stratford and Forest Gate to the north. The new line opened with stations initially at Bromley, Plaistow and East Ham. In November 1897 Arnold Hills, the owner of the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, whose football team Thames Ironworks F.C. (which reformed in 1900 as West Ham United) played at the Memorial Grounds, secured an agreement with the London, Tilbury and Southend Railway to build a station at the intersection of Manor Road and Memorial Avenue. The company board approved this in February 1898 and Mowlem's was given the contract to build a four platform station, which allowed for the proposed quadrupling of the line with the completion of the Whitechapel and Bow Railway. The station was completed in May 1900, but did not open until 1 February 1901. The station was initially known as West Ham.

The North London Railway had run a daily service to Plaistow via the Bow-Bromley curve since 18 May 1869 and when West Ham opened it used the northern platforms. In 1905 they switched to the southern platforms, with the opening of a new bay platform at Plaistow on the southern side.[16] The Whitechapel and Bow Railway allowed through services of the Metropolitan District Railway to operate through West Ham to Upminster from 1902. The Metropolitan District converted to electric trains in 1905 and services were cut back to East Ham. The London, Tilbury and Southend Railway trains from Fenchurch Street used the southern platforms when the Metropolitan District services began but stopping was reduced to a few a week in 1908 and to nil in 1913. Ownership of the station passed to the Midland Railway in 1912 and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. The station was renamed West Ham (Manor Road) in 1924. When the North London Railway service to Plaistow ceased on 1 January 1916 the southern platforms were unused in normal service.

The Metropolitan District Railway was incorporated into London Transport in 1933, and became known as the District line. Hammersmith & City line services started, as part of the Metropolitan line, in 1936. The southern platforms were removed after war damage in 1940 which had completely closed the station from 7 September 1940 until 11 August 1941.[17] After nationalisation of the railways in 1948 management of the station passed to British Railways. In 1969 ownership was transferred to the London Underground and the station was renamed back to West Ham. On 15 March 1976 nine people were injured here by an explosion caused on a train by a member of the Provisional IRA. Julius Stephen, the driver of the train, was shot dead at the scene when he attempted to pursue the fleeing bomber.[18] In 1999 platforms were re-established on the line from Fenchurch Street, now operated by c2c.

North to south alignment

The Eastern Counties and Thames Junction Railway was constructed north to south through West Ham, linking Stratford with Canning Town in 1846. Platforms were constructed on the line at West Ham in 1979 when the North London Line service, at the time known as the Crosstown Linkline, began between Camden Road and North Woolwich. In 1999 two further platforms were opened on the same alignment as part of the Jubilee line extension. At the same time the station buildings, ticket office and connecting passages were rebuilt, designed by van Heyningen and Haward Architects. The ticket hall is linked by a bridge to four rail lines and a main road as well as the Jubilee line platform and upper level concourse.[19] Jubilee line services began on 14 May 1999.[20] North London Line services at the station ceased on 9 December 2006, when the line from Stratford to North Woolwich was closed, to allow for the line to be converted for Docklands Light Railway operation. The platforms reopened on 31 August 2011.

Design

The station consists of four sets of island platforms, two on an elevated east-west alignment and another perpendicular pair at street level, giving a total of eight platform faces. Platforms 1 and 2 are the northern upper pair, where all District and Hammersmith & City line services call. Platforms 3 and 4 are the eastern lower pair and are used by Docklands Light Railway trains. Platforms 5 and 6 are the western lower pair, where all Jubilee line services stop. Platforms 7 and 8 are the southern upper pair and are used by c2c trains. The main station building and connecting passageways are finished in a mixture of red brick, concrete and glass. To reach the Docklands Light Railway and Jubilee line platforms from the rest of the station a mezzanine level is accessed by escalators, lifts and stairs. There is a double-ended centre siding east of West Ham to compensate for lost reversing capacity caused by the rebuilding of Whitechapel station as part of Crossrail work.[21] This was commissioned on 17 January 2011.[22]

Modifications for 2012 Olympics

The footbridge that served the Olympic exit to The Greenway in 2012.

The station was temporarily modified to allow it to cope with an increase in passenger numbers during the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. The station was extended to give direct pedestrian access to The Greenway foot and cycle path nearby from the District & Hammersmith & City lines, which connects directly to the London Olympic Park in Stratford. This involved the construction of temporary stairs and a walkway from the eastern end of the District line platforms, over the eastbound track and running back parallel to the platform ending at Manor Road. Construction began in January 2011, and the footbridge was removed in mid-October 2012. The foundations of the temporary footbridge have been left for possible use in future expansion of the station.[23]

Location

The station is named after the former parish and borough of West Ham within which it was located to the west of the centre. The neighbourhood of West Ham is located some distance to the north-east. The station is located at the corner of Durban Road and Manor Road, in the London Borough of Newham. The area around the station is residential to the southeast and predominantly commercial or former industrial land to the north and west. The station site is served by London Bus route 276. Since West Ham United Football Club moved to the Boleyn Ground in 1904, the station is no longer located near their home ground. East London Rugby Football Club is situated nearby on Holland Road, which is also home to Kings Cross Steelers RFC and Phantoms RFC.[24]

Services

West Ham Station Signs with the new DLR sign in the foreground and Jubilee line sign in the background.

The station is in London fare zone 2 and zone 3. The typical off-peak service from the station is twelve District line trains per hour to Upminster and twelve to Earl's Court, of which six continue to Ealing Broadway and six continue to Richmond. On the Hammersmith & City line there are six trains an hour to Hammersmith and six to Plaistow, of which three continue to Barking. On the Jubilee line there are sixteen trains an hour to Stratford and sixteen towards Stanmore. On the DLR there are six trains an hour to Stratford International, and six to Woolwich Arsenal[25] There are eight c2c services an hour to Fenchurch Street, four to Shoeburyness, two to Grays via Rainham and two to Southend Central via Ockendon.

Connections

London Bus route 276 serves the station.[26][27]

Incidents

On 15 March 1976, a 5 lb bomb planted by the Provisional IRA exploded on a Metropolitan line train at West Ham station. The bomb detonated prior to reaching the City of London, where it was thought to have targeted Liverpool Street station at rush hour.[28][29][30] The suspect, later named Adrian Vincent Donnelly, then shot Peter Chalk, a Post Office engineer, and shot and killed the train's driver Julius Stephen, who had attempted to catch the perpetrator.[31] Nine others were injured in the blast. Donelly shot himself in the chest when cornered by police, but survived and was apprehended and served 21 years of minimum 30-year sentence.[32]

References

  1. ^ "Step free Tube Guide" (PDF). Transport for London. April 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021.
  2. ^ "London and South East" (PDF). National Rail. September 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009.
  3. ^ "Station Usage Data" (CSV). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2018. Transport for London. 23 September 2020. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2019. Transport for London. 23 September 2020. Archived from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
  5. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2020. Transport for London. 16 April 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2022.
  6. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2021. Transport for London. 12 July 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  7. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2022. Transport for London. 4 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
  8. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2018. Transport for London. 23 September 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  9. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2019. Transport for London. 23 September 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  10. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2020. Transport for London. 16 April 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  11. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2021. Transport for London. 12 July 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  12. ^ "Station Usage Data" (XLSX). Usage Statistics for London Stations, 2022. Transport for London. 4 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  13. ^ 2.434 million of this increase was due to methodological changes. Without these changes, the figure would have been 6.344 million.
  14. ^ a b c d e "Estimates of station usage". Rail statistics. Office of Rail Regulation. Please note: Some methodology may vary year on year.
  15. ^ a b "Docklands Light Railway extension marks one year to go to the London 2012 Paralympic Games". Retrieved 5 February 2013.
  16. ^ The London & Tilbury Railway vol 1 page 41 by Peter Kay ISBN 1-899890-10-6
  17. ^ The London, Tilbury & Southend Railway vol 2 page 113 by Peter Kay ISBN 1-899890-19-X
  18. ^ "Onthis Day". BBC News. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
  19. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  20. ^ Horne, M: The Jubilee Line, page 79. Capital Transport Publishing, 2000.
  21. ^ "TheRailwayCentre.Com". TheRailwayCentre.Com. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  22. ^ Underground News March 2011 page 173 ISSN 0306-8617
  23. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation at line 986: bad argument #3 to 'format' (string expected, got nil).
  24. ^ "Phantoms RFC". Phantoms RFC. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  25. ^ "DLR frequencies". Transport for London. Retrieved 7 February 2012.
  26. ^ https://tfl.gov.uk/bus/route/276/
  27. ^ http://www.londonbuses.co.uk/_routes/current/173-2.html
  28. ^ Murders of London: In the Steps of the Capital's Killers by David Long, 2012, p. 36.
  29. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/50138756/
  30. ^ https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/36302066/
  31. ^ "1976: Tube driver shot dead". BBC On This Day. 2008. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  32. ^ Black Kalendar http://www.blackkalendar.nl/content.php?key=21487. Retrieved 11 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to West Ham station.
Preceding station   London Underground   Following station
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Template:LUL lines
Template:LUL lines
Preceding station   DLR   Following station
Template:DLR lines
National Rail National Rail
Limehouse   c2c
London, Tilbury & Southend Line 		  Template:LUL stations
  Former services  
Preceding station   London Underground   Following station
Template:LUL lines
Hammersmith branch (1936-1990)
  Disused Railways  
Template:LUL stations   Silverlink
North London Line 		  Template:LUL stations
  Historical railways  
Bromley-by-Bow   British Rail Eastern Region
London, Tilbury and Southend Railway 		  Plaistow
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