List of wars involving Pakistan

Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan has been involved in numerous armed conflicts both locally and around the world. The main focus of its military operations have both historically and currently been on neighbouring India—against whom Pakistan has fought four major wars in addition to commonly-recurring border skirmishes and standoffs. The two nations have had a hostile and turbulent relationship since their independence from the United Kingdom and subsequent war over the Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir. Both India and Pakistan claim Kashmir in its entirety but have not exercised control over the entire region, which remains divided and contested between the two states by the Line of Control. The Kashmir conflict has seen extensive—albeit unsuccessful—intervention and mediation by the United Nations.

Pakistan has also had a turbulent relationship with neighbouring Afghanistan,^[1] characterized by armed border skirmishes and periods of diplomatic tension. The Pakistani government has increased military activity along the Afghanistan–Pakistan border and built a border barrier to crack down on illegal immigration, militancy,^[2] and smuggling.^[3]^[4]

Outside of its home region of South Asia, Pakistan has also engaged in international conflicts in the Middle East and Africa as part of larger coalitions, and remains one of the largest contributors of troops to various United Nations peacekeeping missions. The country was designated as a major non-NATO ally by the United States in 2004,^[5] and has participated extensively in the American-led War on Terror following the 9/11 attacks.

Conflict	Pakistan and allies	Opponents	Results
First Indo-Pakistani War (1947–1948)	Pakistan Furqan Force	India Jammu and Kashmir	Ceasefire Partitioning of Kashmir between India and Pakistan
First Balochistan Conflict (1948)	Pakistan	Kalat insurgents	Victory Defeat of the insurgents
Second Balochistan Conflict (1958–1959)	Pakistan	Kalat insurgents	Victory Surrender of Nauroz Khan
Bajaur Campaign (1960–1961)	Pakistan	Afghanistan	Victory Afghan incursions repelled
Third Balochistan Conflict (1963–1969)	Pakistan	Kalat insurgents	Victory Abolition of the "One Unit" policy^[6]
Second Indo-Pakistani War (1965)	Pakistan	India	Inconclusive United Nations mandated ceasefire successful defence of Lahore Both sides claim victory No permanent territorial changes (see Tashkent Declaration)
Bangladesh Liberation War (From March 1971) Third Indo-Pakistani War (From Dec 1971)	Pakistan	Mukti Bahini India	Defeat Independence of Bangladesh Simla Agreement
Fourth Balochistan Conflict (1973–1978)	Pakistan	BLA	Victory^[7] Return to status quo ante bellum
Soviet intervention in the Afghan Civil War (1979–1989)	Peshawar Seven Pakistan Tehran Eight United States	Soviet Union Afghanistan	Soviet withdrawal (limited involvement) Geneva Accords (1988)
Siachen conflict (1984)	Pakistan	India	Defeat India annexed the Siachen Glacier.
Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)	Islamic Emirate (Taliban) Pakistan Al-Qaeda 055 Brigade^[8]	Islamic State (Northern Alliance)	Victory Taliban took over Kabul and formed government in Afghanistan
Kargil War (1999)	Pakistan	India	Defeat India regains possession of Kargil Return to status quo ante bellum^[9]
Fifth Balochistan Conflict (2004–present)	Pakistan	BLA	Ongoing Extension of the conflict into Iran
War in North-West Pakistan (2004–present)	Pakistan United States	Pakistani Taliban Al-Qaeda Islamic State	Ongoing Ongoing insurgency

References

^ Allott, Daniel (2021-03-27). "Ending Pakistan's proxy war in Afghanistan". TheHill. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
^ "Three killed, 13 injured in blast at Pakistani-Afghan border". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
^ Basit, Abdul. "Pakistan-Afghanistan border fence, a step in the right direction". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
^ Farmer, Ben; Mehsud, Ihsanullah Tipu (2020-03-15). "Pakistan Builds Border Fence, Limiting Militants and Families Alike". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
^ "Pakistan status of major non-NATO ally may be terminated". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2021-03-29.
^ Pakistan: The Worsening Conflict in Balochistan (PDF). International Crisis Group, Asia Report No. 119. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-20. Retrieved 2015-09-19.
^ Newsline: A History of the Baloch Separatist Movement
^ McCarthy, Rory; Carter, Helen; Norton-Taylor, Richard (October 26, 2001). "The elite force who are ready to die". The Guardian.
^ "Pakistani opposition presses for Sharif's resignation". Wsws.org. 1999-08-07. Retrieved 2012-06-15.

[1] Allott, Daniel (2021-03-27). "Ending Pakistan's proxy war in Afghanistan". TheHill. Retrieved 2021-03-29.

[2] "Three killed, 13 injured in blast at Pakistani-Afghan border". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-03-29.

[3] Basit, Abdul. "Pakistan-Afghanistan border fence, a step in the right direction". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2021-03-29.

[4] Farmer, Ben; Mehsud, Ihsanullah Tipu (2020-03-15). "Pakistan Builds Border Fence, Limiting Militants and Families Alike". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-03-29.

[5] "Pakistan status of major non-NATO ally may be terminated". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 2021-03-29.

[6] Pakistan: The Worsening Conflict in Balochistan (PDF). International Crisis Group, Asia Report No. 119. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-05-20. Retrieved 2015-09-19.

[iaoj.wordpress.com-7] Newsline: A History of the Baloch Separatist Movement

[Guardian_2001-10-26-8] McCarthy, Rory; Carter, Helen; Norton-Taylor, Richard (October 26, 2001). "The elite force who are ready to die". The Guardian.

[9] "Pakistani opposition presses for Sharif's resignation". Wsws.org. 1999-08-07. Retrieved 2012-06-15.

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History of Pakistan

Timeline
Ancient Palaeolithic Soanian culture, c. 500,000 – 250,000 BCE Neolithic Mehrgarh, c. 7000 – c. 3000 BCE Indus Valley Civilisation, c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE Vedic Civilization, c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE Achaemenid Empire, c. 550 – c. 330 BCE Gedrosia, c. 542 – c. 330 BCE Gandhara, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Arachosia, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE Hindush, c. 517 – c. 330 BCE Sattagydia, c. 516 – c. 330 BCE Ror dynasty, c. 489 – c. 450 BCE Macedonian Empire, c. 329 – c. 323 BCE Arachosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Gedrosia, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Paropamisadae, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Porus, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Taxiles, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE Mauryan Empire, c. 322 – c. 200 BCE Seleucid Empire, c. 312 – c. 63 BCE Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, c. 190 – c. 140 BCE Indo-Greek Kingdom, c. 170 – c. 50 BCE Indo-Scythian Kingdom, c. 110 BCE – c. 95 CE Apracharajas, c. 25 BCE – c. 50 CE Paratarajas, c. 120 – c. 300 CE
Classical Parthian Empire, c. 90 BCE – c. 25 CE Indo-Parthian Kingdom, c. 25 – c. 80 CE Kushan Empire, c. 60 – 345 CE Sasanian Empire, c. 250 – 655 CE Indo-Sasanians, c. 240 – 410 CE Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom, c. 240 – 410 CE Gupta Empire, c. 345 – c. 455 CE Rai dynasty, c. 415 – 644 CE Hephthalite Empire, c. 450 – 560 CE Brahman dynasty, c. 641 – 725 CE
Medieval Caliphate, c. 643 – 860 CE Rashidun Caliphate, c. 643 – 661 CE Umayyad Caliphate, c. 670 – 860 CE Pala Empire, c. 770 – 850 CE Habbari dynasty, c. 841 – 1024 CE Hindu Shahi, c. 870 – 1010 CE Samanid Empire, c. 905 – 999 CE Ghaznavids, c. 999 – 1186 CE Soomra dynasty, c. 1024 – 1351 CE Ghurid dynasty, c. 1170 – 1215 CE Delhi Sultanate, c. 1206 – c. 1526 CE Mamluk dynasty, c. 1206 – c. 1290 CE Khalji dynasty, c. 1290 – c. 1320 CE Tugluq dynasty, c. 1320 – c. 1413 CE Sayyid dynasty, c. 1414 – c. 1451 CE Lodhi dynasty, c. 1451 – c. 1526 CE Mongol Empire, c. 1221 – c. 1327 CE Chagatai Khanate, c. 1225 – c. 1485 CE Ilkhanate, c. 1256 – c. 1353 CE Raees dynasty, c. 1320 – 1620 CE Katoor dynasty, c. 1570 – c. 1947 CE Samma dynasty, c. 1351 – c. 1524 CE Arghun dynasty, c. 1520 – c. 1554 CE Mughal Empire, c. 1526 – c. 1707 CE Bombay Presidency, c. 1618 – c. 1947 CE Suri dynasty, c. 1540 – c. 1556 CE Tarkhan dynasty, c. 1554 – 1591 CE
Early modern Durrani Empire, c. 1747 – c. 1826 CE Las Bela, c. 1802 – c. 1947 CE Misl, c. 1716 – c. 1799 CE Maratha Empire, c. 1758 – c. 1760 CE Sikh Empire, c. 1799 – c. 1849 CE British Raj, c. 1858 – c. 1947 CE Independence Movement
Modern Pakistan, c. 1947 CE – present Dominion of Pakistan, c. 1947 – 1956 CE Islamic Republic, c. 1956 CE – present
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References