List of countries by English-speaking population

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The following is a list of English-speaking population by country, including information on both native speakers and second-language speakers.

Some of the entries in this list are dependent territories (e.g.: U.S. Virgin Islands), autonomous regions (e.g.: Hong Kong) or associated states (e.g.: Cook Islands) of other countries, rather than being fully sovereign countries in their own right. The list may provide you more details

List

This list may be sorted by column by clicking on the column header.

Some numbers have been calculated by Wikipedia editors by mixing data from different sources; figures not attributed to sources and given with a date should be treated with caution.

Also note that in most sources, the results shown are of people who state that they can speak English, while that was not verified; which means the actual number of English speakers could be higher or lower (because people may over- or underestimate their English skills). Non-sovereign territories and constituent regions are shown in italics.
Country Eligible population Total English speakers As first language As an additional language[a] Comments
Number % Number % Number %
 United States 296,603,003 283,160,411 95.46 234,171,556 79.0 48,988,855 16.5 Figures are from the 2011–2015 American Community Survey 5-year estimates by the U.S. Census Bureau for persons age 5 and older. Total English speakers are those who either spoke English at home (i.e. as first language), or reported speaking another language at home but could speak English "very well" or "well" (i.e. as an additional language).[1]
 India 1,028,737,436 129,377,965 12.6 259,678 0.02 129,118,287 12.6 Official language. List of languages by number of native speakers in India figures for population from the 2011 census for first, second, and third languages. English as a first language is only spoken by 259,678 people, as a second language by 83,125,221, and as a third language by 45,993,066.[2][3]
 Nigeria 201,292,000 114,172,822 56.72[4] 114,172,822 56.72[4][5] Official language of the country.[6]
The percentage of total speakers was 54% in 2009.[7]
 Pakistan 201,000,000 94,300,000 49.00 81,000,000 Official language of the state.[6]
The percentage of total speakers was 49% in 2009.[7]
 China 1,270,000,000 81,700,000 6.43 81,700,000 6.43 [8] Among 390.16 million mainland Chinese who have learned English 20.94% are able to conduct daily conversations
 Philippines 110,437,852 70,371,000 63.72 70,371,000 63.72 Total population: Census 2010. Proportion of total speakers: Census 2000, text above Figure 7. 63.71% of the then 66.7 million people aged 5 years or more could speak English.[9] Proportion of native speakers: Census 1995, as quoted by Andrew Gonzalez in "The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines", Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 19 (5&6), 487–525, p. 492: .04% of the then 68.4 million people were native speakers of English. (1998).[10] "Six out of 10 people aged 5 and over can speak english (63.71%)."[11]
 United Kingdom 64,000,000 59,600,000 97.74 54,472,000 92.14 5,128,000 5.60 [12] Additional English speaker figures are for usual residents aged 3 years and over with a main language other than English who can speak English "very well" or "well".
 Germany 80,600,000 45,400,000 56 300,000 0.338 45,100,000 56 Native speakers: Statistisches Bundesamt (cited here).
Non-native speakers: Eurobarometer report 2012
Does not include foreign military personnel based in Germany.
 Bangladesh 163,323,100 30,108,031 18 709,873 29,398,158 [5][13]
 Canada 34,767,255 29,973,590 86.21 19,686,175 56.62 10,287,415 28.69 Source: [2]. The 2016 count reported that 23,757,525 people were able to conduct a conversation in English but not French, while 6,216,065 were able to converse in both English and French. The census also asked for the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual: 52% or 19,460,850 reported English as their sole mother tongue, 165,320 reported both English and French as mother tongues, 533,265 reported English and a non-official language as mother tongues, and 33,900 reported English, French and a non-official language as mother tongues.
 Egypt 83,289,500 28,101,325 35 28,101,325 35 [14][15]
 France 65,350,000 23,000,000 39 23,000,000 39 [16]
 Australia 21,394,309 20,700,000 97 18,356,132 85.79 2,343,868 17 [17][18] The 2001 census data is subject to multiple interpretations. The data noted that 18,972,350 persons out of 21,394,309 total were speakers of a language, and excluded young children. However, more than a million of those 18,972,350 persons provided no information; 879,778 did not give information on proficiency, and 203,101 were "overseas visitors" who were not asked. Of the 17,889,671 persons for whom an inquiry was made 17,357,833 spoke English only, or "well" or "very well" as a second language; while 531,838 spoke "not well" or "not at all".
 Ghana 27,000,000 18,000,000 66.67 18,000,000 66.67 Source: 2010 Ghanaian Census[19]
 Thailand 63,038,247 17,121,187 27.16 17,121,187 27.16 [20]
 Italy 59,619,290 17,000,000 34 17,000,000 34 [16]
 South Africa 52,981,991 16,424,417 31 4,930,510 9.3 11,493,907 22 Native speakers from 2011 Census.[21]
Non-native speakers: Crystal (2003), p. 109.
 Mexico 120,664,000 15,686,262 11.6 15,686,262 11.6 Consulta Mitofsky-Tracking Poll Roy Campos: Las Lenguas Extranjeras en México, January 2013;[22] and II Conteo de Población y Vivienda, Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática (INEGI).[23]
 Netherlands 16,770,000 15,030,000 90 15,030,000 90 [16]
 Poland 38,501,000 14,300,000 37 100,000 14,200,000 Source: Central Statistical Office[24] Additional language speakers are people age 18–69, who reported that the English language as their first of second best foreign language, Central Statistical Office[25] Native language counted as those who speak English at home.
 Turkey 70,586,256 12,000,000 17 12,000,000 17 [26]
 Iraq 31,700,000 11,095,000 35 95,000 11,000,000 [14]
 Brazil 205,000,000 10,542,000 5 292,000 0.14 10,250,000 5 Source: British council (2012) and EF. Only 5% of Brazilians have a proficient grasp of English as a second or foreign additional language and an additional 6% have a very rudimentary knowledge. Brazil has 240 thousand British descendants and 180 thousand North American ancestry citizens including the Confederados cultural sub-group, descendants of the Confederate colonies.
 Spain 47,190,000 10,400,000 22 10,400,000 22 [16]
 Sweden 9,921,541 8,200,000 86 8,200,000 86 [16]
 Kenya 43,013,431 8,100,000 18.83 200,000 7,900,000 [20]
 Cameroon 19,740,000 7,500,000 38 7,500,000 38 [5]
 Russia 138,312,535 7,574,303 5.48 2,516 7,571,787 Source: Composition by Nationality and Language Ability, Citizenship, Tables 4.5 and 4.1, Russian Census (2010). The "total" figure is the number of residents who reported English as one of the languages they knew. The "first language" figure is the number of residents who reported "American" or "English" as their nationality. The "additional languages" figure is the difference. More than 9 million schoolgoers studied English as a foreign language in 2008–2009.
 Belgium 10,584,534 6,250,000 60 6,250,000 60 [26] (the 2012 report seems to have a critical typo) Note that the Belgian population is divided in two distinct linguistic regions: The Dutch-speaking Flanders, and the French-speaking Wallonia (note that the region of Brussels also has a majority of native French speakers). Like in the Netherlands, a high percentage of Flemish people speak English fluently, and in Wallonia, a lower percentage of people speak English, which brings down the total percentage.
 Israel 7,303,000 6,205,000 84.97 100,000 1.37 6,105,000 Source: Ethnologue (2005)[27]
English is widely spoken, both by the Jewish majority and by minority ethnic groups.[28][29]
 Austria 8,415,000 6,150,000 73 58,582 0.73 6,150,000 73 [16][30]
 Romania 19,043,767 5,900,000 31 5,900,000 31 [16]
 Zimbabwe 13,349,000 5,550,000 41.58 250,000 1.87 5,300,000 [20]
 Greece 10,787,690 5,500,000 51 5,500,000 51 [16]
 Sierra Leone 5,866,000 4,900,000 83.53 500,000 8.52 4,400,000 [20][b]
 Denmark 5,543,000 4,770,000 86 4,770,000 86 [16]
  Switzerland 7,637,300 4,680,000 61.28 73,400 0.96 4,606,600 Figure for speakers of English as "main language", according to Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2008[31] Source for number of non-native English speakers is a 1999 publication by Prof. François Grin cited here: http://switzerland.isyours.com/e/countries/uk/language.html
 Morocco 32,770,900 4,587,926 14 4,587,926 14 [14]
 Ireland 4,422,100 4,350,000 98.37 4,112,100 93.21 237,900 ;[26] Central Statistics Office [3]; Travbla[32]
 Singapore 5,607,300 4,218,737 83.1 1,873,302 36.9 2,345,435 Source: 2015 Census. Second language speaker figure only includes those literate in English aged 15 or more and does not include third language proficiency. General Household Survey 2015 "Language Spoken at Home Among Residents Aged 5 Years and Over"
 Madagascar 23,042,300 4,147,614 18 4,147,614 18 The main languages are French and Malagasy. [citation needed]
 Tanzania 40,454,000 4,000,000 9.89 4,000,000 9.89[20]
 Finland 5,410,000 3,800,000 70 3,800,000 70 [16]
 New Zealand 4,275,100 3,673,623 97.82 3,673,623 85.93 There were 4,027,947 responses to 2006 Census: Language spoken. 3,673,679 gave English as a response, 81,936 had no English but another language. The balance of 272,382 were; no language (too young) 75,195, no response 196,221, response unidentifiable 588, response outside scope 378. Hence it is most meaningful to express the English-speaking per cent without including the figures for these 272,382. This gives 97.8% English-speaking, 2.2% non-English-speaking (3,673,679 and 81,936 divided by 3,755,565)
Crystal (2003), p. 109, gives figures of 3,700,000 native speakers and 150,000 second language speakers.
 Portugal 10,623,000 2,900,000 27 2,900,000 27 [16]
 Papua New Guinea 6,331,000 3,150,000 49.76 150,000 2.37 3,000,000 [20][c]
 Liberia 3,750,000 3,100,000 82.67 600,000 16 2,500,000 [20][d]
 Jordan 6,598,000 2,969,370 45 2,969,370 45 [14]
 Jamaica 2,714,000 2,650,000 97.64 2,600,000 95.8 50,000 [20][e]
 Algeria 35,954,000 2,516,780 7 2,516,780 7 [14]
 Uganda 30,884,000 2,500,000 8.09 2,500,000 8.09[20]
 Hong Kong 7,336,585 3,903,063 53.2 300,417 4.3 3,587,590 According to 2016 population census, Hong Kong has approximately 3.9 million speakers, of whom 300,417 regard English as their "usual" language.[33]
 Czech Republic 10,562,214 2,850,000 27 2,850,000 27 [16]
 Argentina 42,192,500 2,752,681 6.52 2,752,681 [34] Percentage of people who state to have a high level of English. Another 19.49% and 16.23% of people said they had an intermediate and low level, respectively, of English.
 Yemen 24,800,000 2,232,000 9 2,232,000 9 [14]
 Croatia 4,555,000 2,200,000 49 2,200,000 49 [26]
 Colombia 47,661,368 2,012,950 4.22 75,600 1,937,350 Total was estimated by multiplying projected population for 2014 (DANE) by percentage of Colombian population that speaks English 4.09%[35] then 63,600 was added to that figure which is the total of American and British residents. Figures for native speakers are as follows: 60,000 U.S. citizens that reside in Colombia[36] 12,000 are Colombian Raizal from San Andrés and Isla de Providencia where they speak San Andrés–Providencia Creole[37] 3,600 British expatriates[38]
 Hungary 9,982,000 2,000,000 20 2,000,000 20 [16]
 Puerto Rico 3,991,000 1,940,000 48.61 100,000 1,840,000 [20]
 Myanmar 53,900,000 2,400,000 4.45 2,400,000 4.45[20]
 Zambia 11,922,000 1,910,000 16.02 110,000 1,800,000 [20]
 Bulgaria 7,640,238 1,900,000 25 1,900,000 [16][39]
 Kazakhstan 12,156,705 1,874,583 15.4 602 1,873,981 Number of those who understand spoken English, from these 1.9 million: 311,435 (2.6%/16.6%) can only read, 931,444 (7.7%/49.6%) can read and write in English. The number of native speakers is the sum of Americans and Englishmen "by nationality". (Census 2009)
 Lebanon 4,265,600 1,706,000 40 1,706,000 40 [14]
 Chile 16,634,603 1,585,027 9.53 1,585,027 Source: 2012 Census.[40]
 Rwanda 10,137,400 1,520,610 15 1,520,610 15 [5]
 Slovakia 5,397,036 1,400,000 26 1,400,000 26 [16]
 Trinidad and Tobago 1,305,000 1,145,000 87.74 1,145,000 87.73 [20][f]
 Slovenia 2,050,000 1,210,000 59 1,210,000 59 [16]
 Lithuania 3,053,800 1,160,000 38 1,160,000 38 [16]
 Latvia 2,070,371 950,000 46 950,000 46 [16]
 Guyana 751,000 680,000 90.55 650,000 86.6 30,000 [20][g]
 Botswana 1,639,833 630,000 38.42 630,000 38.42[20]
 Estonia 1,294,236 650,000 50 650,000 50 [16]
 Cyprus 839,000 610,000 73 610,000 73 [16]
 Panama 4,176,869 580,000 14 580,000 14 [41]
 Malawi 13,931,831 540,209 3.88 209 540,000 [20][42]
 Lesotho 1,795,000 500,000 27.86 500,000 27.86[20]
 Suriname 470,784 410,000 87.09 260,000 45.6 150,000 [20][h]
 Costa Rica 4,910,526 400,415 8.2 400,415 8.2 [43]
 Malta 453,000 400,000 89 48,000 10.6 352,000 [16]
 Namibia 1,820,916 314,000 17.24 14,000 300,000 [20]
 Luxembourg 509,000 290,000 56 290,000 56 [16]
 Bahamas 330,549 288,000 87.13 260,000 78.7 28,000 [20][i]
 Barbados 279,000 275,000 98.57 262,000 93.9 13,000 [20][j]
 Belize 301,270 246,000 81.65 190,000 63.1 56,000 [20][k]
 Mauritius 1,264,866 202,000 15.97 2,000 200,000 [20]
 Vanuatu 215,446 180,000 83.55 60,000 34.6 120,000 [20][l]
 Fiji 853,445 176,000 20.62 6,000 170,000 [20]
 Solomon Islands 552,438 175,000 31.68 10,000 165,000 [20][m]
 Brunei 381,371 144,000 39.07 10,000 134,000 [20]
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 120,000 114,000 95 114,000 95 [20][n]
 U.S. Virgin Islands 108,448 113,000 95.97 98,000 15,000 [20][o]
 Grenada 110,000 100,000 90.91 100,000 90.9 [20][p]
 Samoa 188,540 94,000 49.86 1,000 93,000 [20]
 Isle of Man 80,058 80,000 99.93 80,000
 Saint Lucia 165,000 71,000 43.03 31,000 18.8 40,000 [20][q]
 Northern Mariana Islands 84,000 70,000 83.33 5,000 65,000 [20][r]
 Antigua and Barbuda 85,000 68,000 80 66,000 77.64 2,000 [20][s]
 American Samoa 57,345 45,933 80.1 1,791 44,142 [44]
 Federated States of Micronesia 111,000 64,000 57.66 4,000 60,000 [20]
 Bermuda 65,000 63,000 96.92 63,000 96.9 [20]
 Dominica 67,000 63,000 94.03 3,000 4.8 60,000 [20][t]
 Marshall Islands 59,000 59,000
[dubious – discuss]		 98.33 59,000 98.33[20]
 Eswatini 1,141,000 50,000 4.38 50,000 4.38[20]
 Aruba 104,000 44,000 42.31 9,000 35,000 [20]
 The Gambia 1,709,000 40,000 2.34 40,000 2.34 [20][u]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 50,000 39,000 78 39,000 78 [20][v]
 Cayman Islands 47,000 36,000 76.6 36,000 76.6 [20][w]
 Seychelles 87,000 33,000 37.93 3,000 30,000 [20]
 Gibraltar 28,875 28,875 100 28,000 97.0 875 [20]
 Tonga 100,000 30,000 30 30,000 30[20]
 Kiribati 95,000 23,000 24.21 23,000 24.21[20]
 British Virgin Islands 23,000 20,000 86.96 20,000 87.0 [20][x]
 Palau 20,000 18,500 92.5 500 18,000 [20]
 Andorra 81,222 17,869 22 17,869 22 [45]
 Anguilla 13,000 12,000 92.31 12,000 92.3 [20]
 Nauru 12,000 11,600 96.67 900 10,700 English is spoken as the language of government and commerce.
 Cook Islands 20,200 4,000 19.8 1,000 3,000 [20]
 Montserrat 5,900 4,000 67.8 4,000 67.8 [20][y]
Total 5,102,585,737 1,179,874,130 23.12 336,358,172 28.5 838,676,510
  • European Union The European Union is a supranational union composed of 27 member states. The combined total English-speaking population (2012) is 189,570,000[46] (out of a total population of 451,286,817,[47] i.e. 53%) including 4,544,705 native speakers and 185,025,295 non-native speakers, and would be ranked 2nd if it were included. English native speakers amount to 13% of the whole Union population, while the percentage of people that speak English "well enough in order to be able to have a conversation", either as first (32%), second (11%) or third (3%) foreign language, was 38%.
  • When taken from this list and added together, the total number of English speakers in the world adds up to around 1,200,000,000. Likewise, the total number of native English speakers adds up to around 350,000,000. This implies that there are approximately 850,000,000 people who speak English as an additional language.

See also

Non-English speaking populations:

Notes

  1. ^ Statistics on second language speakers are inevitably not precise; partly because there is no widely agreed definition of second language speakers – there is no differentiation between countries where English is the lingua franca and those where it is not.
  2. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  3. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  4. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  5. ^ Includes speakers of Jamaican English creole.
  6. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  7. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  8. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  9. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  10. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  11. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  12. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  13. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  14. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  15. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  16. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  17. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  18. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  19. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  20. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  21. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  22. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  23. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  24. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.
  25. ^ Includes speakers of an English creole.

References

  1. ^ "AGE BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME BY ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH FOR THE POPULATION 5 YEARS AND OVER: 2011–2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
  2. ^ S, Rukmini. "Sanskrit and English: there's no competition".
  3. ^ "List of languages by number of native speakers in India". 11 April 2020 – via Wikipedia.
  4. ^ a b "EF EPI 2018 – Nigeria". www.ef.edu. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d Euromonitor International 2009.
  6. ^ a b Crystal 2003, p. 64.
  7. ^ a b Pinon & Haydon 2010, pp. 114–115.
  8. ^ Wei, Rining (Tony). "The statistics of English in China: An analysis of the best available data from government sources". English Today – via www.academia.edu.
  9. ^ Before mistakenly correcting the percentage again, please note that there are fewer people aged 5 years or more in any country than there are people in that country, because some people are toddlers or infants. In other words, no, the numbers will not automatically add up. 63.71% is what the cited source, text above Figure 7 Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, a report from the 2000 census, really says. This multiplied by the 2010 census's total population over 5 produces the number in the chart. The 2010 number comes from Philippines in Figures, 2013, Chapter 5, Demography Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, table 5.1 or 5.6
  10. ^ From mid-2009 to late 2013 this entry overstated the number of native speakers by roughly 100fold, and inflated the number of total speakers, on the alleged basis of material in "Philippines". Ethnologue. 19 February 1999. Retrieved 16 October 2013.. In fact, Ethnologue as of 24 December 2013 simply repeats the number of native speakers, 20,000, reported in Crystal 2003, on the basis of an old (pre-1995) census, and does not address total speakers at all. This attempt to correct these errors in turn perpetrates both error and original research, by applying the old percentages listed above, 63.71% of people over 5 as total speakers in 2000, and .04% of people as native speakers in 1995, to the 2010 totals from Philippines in Figures, 2013, Chapter 5, Demography Archived 26 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine, tables 5.1 and 5.6. Andrew Gonzalez died in 2006; someone else's attention to the 2010 census figures, which appear not to be online and may not have been printed yet in adequate detail, is needed to produce reliable, more or less current, numbers.
  11. ^ 2000 Census of population and Housing, Educational Characteristics of the Filipinos "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 12 May 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ^ "2011 Census: Quick Statistics for England and Wales, March 2011". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
  13. ^ Pinon & Haydon 2010.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g Euromonitor International 2011.
  15. ^ "The Benefits of the English Language for Individuals and Societies: Quantitative Indicators from Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia and Yemen" (PDF). Britishcouncil.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Eurobarometer 2012.
  17. ^ 2001 Australian Census
  18. ^ "Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government". www.abs.gov.au.
  19. ^ "2010 Population & Housing Census" (PDF). Statsghana.gov.gh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az Crystal 2003, p. 109.
  21. ^ Census 2011: Census in brief (PDF). Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. p. 30. ISBN 9780621413885. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2015.
  22. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  23. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 August 2007. Retrieved 24 October 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  24. ^ "Human Capital in Poland in 2015, figure 15, p. 52" (PDF). stat.gov.pl. Retrieved 7 April 2019.
  25. ^ Demographics Yearbook of Poland: 2014, Table 1, 32,44,190,
  26. ^ a b c d Eurobarometer 2006.
  27. ^ Languages of Israel, Ethnologue.com
  28. ^ Multilingualism in Israel, Bar-Ilan University – Faculty of Humanities : Language Policy Research Center.
  29. ^ "ERIC – English Language Teaching Profile: Israel., 1976-Dec". Eric.ed.gov. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  30. ^ "Bevölkerung 2001 nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland". Statistik Austria. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  31. ^ Resident population according to main language Archived 30 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel 2008
  32. ^ "The most complete list of English schools and courses in Ireland". Travbla.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2009. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  33. ^ "2016 Population By-census: Summary Results 2016年中期人口統計：簡要報告" (PDF). Census2011.gov.hk/. pp. 5, 22 & 45–46. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  34. ^ "Sociedad :: Los idiomas de los argentinos" (in Spanish). Página/12. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
  35. ^ "¿Qué porcentaje de la población colombiana habla inglés?". Colombiestad.gov.co. 1 May 2006. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  36. ^ [1][dead link]
  37. ^ "Islander Creole English". Ethnologue.
  38. ^ "Special Reports | Brits Abroad". BBC News. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  39. ^ "2011 census of Bulgaria" (PDF). Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  40. ^ "Síntesis de resultados Censo 2012" (PDF) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas. Retrieved 2 April 2013.[permanent dead link]
  41. ^ "What Languages Are Spoken in Panama?". World Atlas. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  42. ^ Edrinnie Kayambizinthu (1998). "The Language Planning Situation in Malawi" (PDF). Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. 19 (5&6): 369. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.125.1803. doi:10.1080/01434639808666363. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2008.
  43. ^ "Sistema de Consultas | INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTADISTICA Y CENSOS". www.inec.cr.
  44. ^ Central Intelligence Agency 2019.
  45. ^ "Census: Linguistic knowledge 2004" (PDF).
  46. ^ "European and their languages 2012" (PDF). Eurobarometer. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
  47. ^ "Population on 1st January by age, sex and type of projection". Eurostat. Retrieved 1 February 2020.

Bibliography

10 Interesting Facts About India

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