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Nacionalista Party

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For National Parties in other countries, see National Party.
Nacionalista Party
Partido Nacionalista
PresidentManuel Villar
ChairmanCynthia Villar
Secretary-GeneralPia Cayetano
FounderManuel L. Quezon
Sergio Osmeña
FoundedApril 25, 1907; 117 years ago (1907-04-25)
HeadquartersMandaluyong, Metro Manila
IdeologyPopulism (1946-present)[1][2][3][4][5]
Historical:
Conservatism (1946-1990s)[6][7]
Filipino nationalism (1907-1978)[4][6][8]
Political positionBig tent[3][4][6]
Centre-right or Right-wing (Traditional)[6][7]
Colors        Green, Red, White, and Navy blue
SloganAng Bayan Higit sa Lahat (Nation Above All)
Seats in the Senate
1 / 24
[9]
Seats in the House of Representatives
19 / 292
Provincial governorships
9 / 81
Provincial vice governorships
9 / 81
Provincial board members
102 / 1,006
Website
www.nacionalistaparty.com

The Nacionalista Party (Filipino: Partido Nacionalista; Spanish: Partido Nacionalista) is the oldest political party in the Philippines and in Southeast Asia and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907.

The Nacionalista Party was the ruling party from 1935–1944 (under President Manuel Quezon), 1944–1946 (under President Sergio Osmeña), 1953–1957 (under President Ramon Magsaysay), 1957–1961 (Under President Carlos P. Garcia), and 1965–1972 (under President Ferdinand Marcos).

History

The original “Nacionalista” Party that was founded on August 21, 1901 in Calle Gunao,Quiapo, Manila was forgotten. In that Quiapo Assembly, the following officers of the true Nacionalista were elected: Santiago Alvarez and Pascual Poblete as Presidents; Andres Villanueva, Vice Resident; Macario Sakay, Secretary General; Francisco Carreon, Alejandro Santiago, Domingo Moriones, Aguedo del Rosario, Cenon Nicdao, Nicolas Rivera, Salustiano Santiago, Aurelio Tolentino, Pantaleon Torres, Valentin Diza, Briccio Pantas, Lope K. Santos, Pio H. Santos, Salustiano Cruz, Valentin Solis and Jose Palma. The party began as the country's vehicle for independence, through the building of a modern nation-state, and through the advocacy of efficient self-rule, dominating the Philippine Assembly (1907–1916), the Philippine Legislature (1916–1935) and the pre-war years of the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935–1941). During the Japanese Occupation political parties were replaced by the KALIBAPI. By the second half of the century the party was one of the main political contenders for leadership in the country, in competition with the Liberals and the Progressives, during the decades between the devastation of World War II and the violent suppression of partisan politics of the Marcos dictatorship. In 1978, in a throwback to the Japanese Occupation, political parties were asked to merge into the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan, although the Nacionalistas preferred to go into hibernation. Eventually, the party was revived during the late 1980s and early 1990s by the Laurel family, which has dominated the Party since the 1950s. The Nacionalista Party is now being led by party president Manuel Villar, former Senator, and has three Vice Presidential candidates running independently or in tandem with other political parties (Cayetano, Marcos and Trillanes) in the 2016 Philippine Elections. Two of the other present parties, the Liberal Party and the Nationalist People's Coalition are breakaways from the Nacionalista Party.[6]

Electoral performance

President

Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
1935 Manuel L. Quezon 695,332 67.99% Won
1941 Manuel L. Quezon 1,340,320 81.78% Won
1946 Sergio Osmeña 1,129,996 45.71% Lost
1949 José P. Laurel 1,318,330 37.22% Lost
1953 Ramon Magsaysay 2,912,992 68.90% Won
1957 Carlos P. Garcia 2,072,257 41.28% Won
1961 Carlos P. Garcia 2,902,996 44.95% Lost
1965 Ferdinand Marcos 3,861,324 51.94% Won
1969 Ferdinand Marcos 5,017,343 61.47% Won
1981 Alejo Santos (Roy wing) 1,716,449 8.25% Lost; main wing boycotted
1986 — — — Supported Corazon Aquino who became president.
1992 Salvador Laurel 770,046 3.40% Lost
1998 — — — Did not take part
2004 — — — Supported Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo who won
2010 Manny Villar 5,573,835 15.42% Lost
2016 — — — Supported Mar Roxas or Jejomar Binay or Miriam Defensor Santiago who all lost or Rodrigo Duterte who won

Vice president

Election Candidate Number of votes Share of votes Outcome of election
1935 Sergio Osmeña 812,352 86.91% Won
1941 Sergio Osmeña 1,445,897 92.10% Won
1946 Eulogio Rodriguez 1,051,243 47.38% Lost
1949 Manuel Briones 1,184,215 46.08% Lost
1953 Carlos P. Garcia 2,515,265 62.90% Won
1957 José Laurel, Jr. 1,783,012 37.91% Lost
1961 Gil Puyat 1,787,987 28.06% Lost
1965 Fernando Lopez 3,531,550 48.48% Won
1969 Fernando Lopez 5,001,737 62.76% Won
1986 — — — Supported Salvador Laurel who became vice president
1992 Eva Estrada-Kalaw 255,730 1.25% Lost
1998 — — — Did not take part
2004 — — — Supported Noli de Castro who won
2010 — — — Supported Loren Legarda who lost
2016 — — — Supported either Alan Peter Cayetano, Bongbong Marcos or Antonio Trillanes who all lost

Senate

Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats won Seats after Outcome of election
1916 see seats after
22 / 24
1919 see seats after
21 / 24
 Won
1922 see seats after
15 / 24
 Split into Osmeña bloc (12) that won and Quezon bloc (3) that lost
1925 see seats after
14 / 24
 Won
1928 see seats after
24 / 24
 Won
1931 see seats after
22 / 24
 Won
1934 see seats after
7 / 24
 Lost
1941 see seats after
24 / 24
 Won
1946 7,454,074 41.2%
7 / 16
15 / 24
 Lost
1947 10,114,453 45.0%
1 / 8
8 / 24
 Lost
1949 8,900,568 36.6%
0 / 8
4 / 24
 Lost
1951 13,266,643 59.1%
9 / 9
12 / 24
 Won
1953 9,813,166 39.8%
5 / 8
13 / 24
 Won
1955 17,319,389 67.6%
9 / 9
21 / 24
 Won
1957 13,273,945 47.2%
6 / 8
20 / 24
 Won
1959 17,160,618 50.1%
5 / 8
19 / 24
 Won
1961 17,834,477 45.1%
2 / 8
13 / 24
 Won
1963 22,983,457 50.2%
4 / 8
11 / 24
 Lost
1965 21,619,502 43.8%
5 / 8
11 / 24
 Won
1967 30,704,100 62.8%
6 / 8
16 / 24
 Won
1969 32,726,305 60.8%
6 / 8
18 / 24
 Won
1971 24,819,175 42.6%
3 / 8
16 / 24
 Won
1987 — — — — Took part as member of GAD.
1992 14,499,923 5.3%
0 / 24
0 / 24
 Lost
1995 — — — — Did not take part
1998 — — — — Did not take part
2001 770,647 0.3%
0 / 13
0 / 24
 Lost
2004 — — — — Did not take part
2007 27,125,724 10.1%
2 / 12
3 / 24
 Nacionalista-led coalition
2010 49,585,503 16.7%
3 / 12
4 / 24
 Split; 2 supported the PMP-led coalition, 2 lost
2013 45,100,266 15.3%
3 / 12
5 / 24
 Liberal-led coalition
2016 2,775,191 14.4%
0 / 12
3 / 24
 Split; PDP-Laban-led coalition, lost

House of Representatives

Election Number of votes Share of votes Seats Outcome of election
1907
32 / 80
 Won
1909
62 / 81
 Won
1912
62 / 81
 Won
1916
75 / 90
 Won
1919
83 / 90
 Won
1922
64 / 93
 Split into Quezon bloc (35) that won and Osmeña bloc (29) that lost
1925
64 / 92
 Won
1928
71 / 94
 Won
1931
66 / 94
 Won
1934
89 / 92
 Split into Quezon bloc (70) that won and Osmeña bloc (19) that lost
1935
83 / 89
 Won
1938
98 / 98
 Won
1941
95 / 98
 Won
1946 908,740 37.84%
35 / 98
 Lost
1949 1,178,402 34.05%
33 / 100
 Lost
1953 1,930,367 47.30%
31 / 102
 Lost
1957 2,948,409 61.18%
82 / 102
 Won
1961 3,923,390 61.02%
74 / 104
 Won
1965 3,028,224 41.76%
38 / 104
 Lost
1969 4,590,374 80.00%
88 / 110
 Won
1978 688,130 0.33%
0 / 165
 Lost
1984
2 / 183
 Lost
1987* 1,444,399 7.19%
4 / 200
 Lakas ng Bansa-led coalition
1992** 730,696 3.92%
4 / 199
 Lakas-NUCD-UMDP-led coalition
1995* 153,088 0.79%
1 / 204
 Lakas-NUCD-UMDP-led coalition
1998* 4,412 0.02%
0 / 245
 Did not take part
2001 — — — Did not take part
2004
2 / 237
 Lakas-CMD-led coalition
2007
11 / 271
 Lakas-CMD-led coalition
2010 3,872,637 11.35%
25 / 287
 Liberal-led coalition
2013 2,340,994 8.49%
17 / 292
 Liberal-led coalition
2016 3,512,975 9.42%
24 / 297
 PDP-Laban-led coalition

*does not include candidates who ran as under a Liberal Party ticket along with another party.
**in coalition with PDP-Laban

Notable Nacionalistas

Past

Throughout their careers, many of the country's politicians, statesmen, and leaders were, in whole or in part, Nacionalistas. Notable names include:

Philippine Presidents and Vice-Presidents who were affiliated with the NP

Politics of the Philippines
Government
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Constitutional commissions
Elections
Political parties
Administrative divisions
Related topics
flag Philippines portal

Senators

Most of these individuals embody solid political traditions of economic and political nationalism are pertinent today, even with the party's subsequent decline.

Current

Some members of the House of Representatives and Senate include, but are not limited to, the following:

Nacionalista-affiliated parties

Candidates for Philippine general election, 2010

Senatorial Slate (11)

Candidates for Philippine general election, 2013

Senatorial Slate (3) Team PNoy

Candidates for Philippine general election, 2016

Main article: Philippine general election, 2016

Vice-President:

Senatorial Slate

Nacionalista Party presidents

Term Name
1907-1935 House Speaker Sergio Osmeña
1935-1944 President Manuel L. Quezon
1944-1953 President Sergio Osmeña
1953-1964 Senator Eulogio Rodriguez
1964-1980 Senator Gil J. Puyat
1980-1989 Former House Speaker José B. Laurel, Jr.
1989-2003 Vice-President Salvador Laurel
2003-present Former Senate President Manuel Villar, Jr.

Controversy over dominant-minority status

During the 2010 elections, the Nacionalista and the Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) formed an alliance after it was approved by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) on April 12, 2010.[15] The Nacionalistas fielded Senator Manuel Villar, Jr. and running with fellow Senator Loren Legarda who is a member of the NPC. It became the dominant minority party after a resolution passed by the COMELEC. On April 21, however it was blocked by the Supreme Court after a suit filed by the rival Liberal Party.[16] On May 6, 2010, the Supreme Court nullified the merger and therefore giving the Liberal Party to be the dominant minority party. It was based on a resolution by the COMELEC giving political parties to be accredited by August 17, 2009.[17]

The coalition was made to help the Nacionalista Party to help boost the presidential campaign of Senator Villar and have a chance to be the dominant minority party by the Commission on Elections which give the rights to poll watchers during the canvassing of votes.[18] However it is being challenged by the Liberal Party calls the said alliance a "bogus" alliance, the Liberals are also seeking the same party status by the COMELEC.[19] As well, several local races are being challenged from both parties therefore causing confusion in those races.[18]

See also

References

  1. ^ Simbulan, D. (2005). The Modern Principalia: The Historical Evolution of the Philippine Ruling Oligarchy. Quezon City: UP Press.
  2. ^ Bertrand, J. (2013). Political change in Southeast Asia. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  3. ^ a b Berneo, N. & Yashar, D. (2016). Parties, Movements, and Democracy in the Developing World New York: Cambridge University Press USA.
  4. ^ a b c Celoza, A. Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism. Connecticut, USA: Greenwood Publishing Group. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  5. ^ An integrated course on communism and democracy.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Southeast Asia In The New International Era". 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
  7. ^ a b UP College of Public Administration. (1990). Philippine Journal of Public Administration, Volumes 34-35. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
  8. ^ Liow, J. & Leifer, M. (1995). Dictionary of the Modern Politics of Southeast Asia. New York: Routledge. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
  9. ^ This is the party's current standing although it has a bloc in the Senate.
  10. ^ Laurel was member of the NP before 1942 and from 1945-1959. During his tenure as president, he was affiliated with KALIBAPI.
  11. ^ During the 1946 Presidential election, Roxas, who is a member of the Liberal-wing of the NP, formed the Liberal Party and eventually moved there.
  12. ^ Moved to the Liberal Party during the 1946 Presidential election.
  13. ^ In 1978, Marcos left the NP and formed his own political party known as Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL).
  14. ^ Estrada was a member of the NP during his term as senator. In 1991 he formed his own party known as the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP).
  15. ^ Alvarez, Kathrina (2010-04-12). "NP-NPC coalition formally granted (5:15 p.m.)". Sun Star. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
  16. ^ Alvarez, Kathrina (2010-04-12). "NP-NPC coalition formally granted (5:15 p.m.)". Sun Star. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
  17. ^ Torres, Tetch (2010-05-06). "SC nullifies NP-NPC coalition". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2010-05-09.
  18. ^ a b Maragay, Fel V. (2010-03-01). "NP-NPC coalition complicates fight in the local level". Manila Standard Today. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
  19. ^ Alvarez, Kathrina (2010-04-12). "NP-NPC coalition formally granted (5:15 p.m.)". Sun.Star. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
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