Jabalpur

This article is about the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Jabalpur District.

Jabalpur जबलपुर
— Metropolis —
Marble Rocks At Jabalpur
Nickname:  Marble city
Country	India
State	Madhya Pradesh
District	Jabalpur
Government
• Type	State Government
• Body	Government of Madhya Pradesh
• Mayor	Prabhat Sahu
Area
• Total	315 km2 (122 sq mi)
Elevation	412 m (1,352 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	1,267,564
• Rank	38
• Density	4,000/km2 (10,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Official	Hindi
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	482001 to 4820xx
Telephone code	+91-761
Vehicle registration	MP-20
Website	www.jabalpur.nic.inwww.jmcjabalpur.org

Jabalpur (Hindi: जबलपुर) is one of the major cities of Madhya Pradesh state in India. It is the third largest urban agglomeration in Madhya Pradesh and the 38th largest urban agglomeration in India as per the 2011 census statistics.Its old name was Jabalipuram which later changed to Jabalpur during British Governance.

It is bordered by Katni to the north, Umaria to the north-east, Dindori to the east, Mandla to the south-east, Seoni to the south, Narsimhapur to the south-west and Damoh to the north-west. Jabalpur is the administrative headquarters of both the Jabalpur district (the second most populous district of Madhya Pradesh) and the Jabalpur division.

Historically a center of the Kalchuri and Gond dynasties, Jabalpur developed a syncretic culture influenced by the intermittent reigns of the Maratha and Mughal empires. In the early nineteenth century, it was gradually annexed in British India as Jubbulpore and incorporated as a major cantonment town. Post-independence, there have been demands for a separate state of Mahakoshal with Jabalpur as its capital.

Jabalpur was also the epicenter of a major earthquake in 1997. Jabalpur is known for its picturesque marble rock formations (Bhedaghat) on the banks of the river Narmada. Because it is the army headquarters of five states (Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Odisha, Bihar and Jharkhand), one sixth of the city is occupied by the Indian Army.

Jabalpur is also the birthplace of Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and Osho Rajneesh. Several important federal and state institutions are located in Jabalpur, including the Government NSCB Medical College Hospital, the premier technology institute Jabalpur Engineering College; the Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur; the Madhya Pradesh High Court; four Ordnance Factories of the gigantic Ordnance Factories Board; the Madhya Pradesh Electricity Board, the Tropical Forest Research Institute, and the zonal headquarters of the West Central Railway.

Etymology

Jabalpur is postulated to be Jabalipattan (Hindi: जाबालिपत्तन) or Jabalipuram (Hindi: जाबालिपुरम) of the legendary sage Jaabaali mentioned in the epic Ramayana, as his tapasya-bhoomi (= place of penance). In 2006, the Jabalpur Municipal Corporation passed a resolution to rename the city to Jabalipuram.

Variations of words jabal, jabel, jebal, jebel, jbel, djebel, jibal, etc. have been used for the Arabic word "jah-bahl", 'جبل', meaning "mountain, hill or slope" (as elevations). The words have been used to name many mountains, places, people, or others:

History

Ashokan relics have been found in Rupnath, a place 84 km north of Jabalpur, suggesting the existence of human civilization here dating back to c. 300 BCE. Much later in history, Karanbel (now called Tripuri/Tewar) on the outskirts of current Jabalpur was the capital of the famous Kalchuri kingdom in the 9th–10th centuries CE.

The Haihayas

In c. 675 CE, the region was taken over from Raja Mandalik of the Parmar-dynasty by Raja Bamraj Dev (ruled c. 675-800 CE) of the Kalachuri-dynasty who made Karanbel (Tripuri/Tewar) near Jabalpur their capital. They were so powerful that their kingdom was spread over present day MP, UP, Nepal, far-eastern states, Bangladesh, Bengal, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand and Chattisgarh. The most illustrious of Kalchuri kings was Yuvrajdev-I (ruled c. 915-945 CE) who married Nohladevi - a princess of the Chalukya-dynasty. Their Amatya (Diwan in Urdu) was Golok Simha Kayasth (mis-spelt Gollak in some scriptures) who was instrumental in the establishment of the Chausath-Yogini shrine near BhedaGhat. While the descendents of the Kalchuri kings are lost in history, those of Amatya Golok Simha Kayasth continued to look after the politics of the region as Diwan Bhoj Simha under Raja Sangramsahi (ruled c. 1491-1543 CE), Diwan Adhar Simha under Rani Durgavati (ruled c. 1550-1564 CE) and Beohar Raghuvir Simha who remained the Jagirdar of Jabalpur till 1947 and whose family still lives in Jabalpur.

The Gonds

In the 13th century CE, the Gonds seized it and made it their capital. Inscriptions record the existence during the 11th and 12th centuries of a local line of princes of the Haihai people who are closely connected with the history of Gondwana.

Gond Raja Madansahi (ruled c. 1138-1157 CE) of Mandla constructed a bastion in the 12th century CE on top of a hill which, after him, was named Madan-Mahal. In the 16th century CE, Maharaja Sangramsahi, who ruled for almost 52 years, extended his power to over 52 districts, including the twin-townships of Garha-Katanga. He started administering the region from here, thus the name Garha-Mandla. He was the longest reigning monarch and his period is believed to be the golden era in the history of Garha-Mandla region. A large number of projects of public interest were undertaken during his reign. His daughter-in-law was the famous Rani Durgavati who ruled from Singaurgarh fort in Sangrampur. During the reign of his minor grandson VeerNarayan (ruled by Queen-Mother Rani Durgavati c. 1550-1564 CE), Khwaja Abdul Majeed Harawi bearing the title 'Asaf-Khan or Commander' as viceroy of Kara Manikpur, conquered the Garha-Mandla principality. In this battle of Narrai in 1564 CE, the Gond Queen-Mother Rani Durgavati made supreme sacrifice, along with her prime minister Adhar Simha Kayastha and others. Initially, 'Asaf-Khan' or Commander of Mughal Emperor Akbar's forces, held Garha-Mandla as an independent chief but eventually submitted to the Mughal emperor Akbar. After Raja Sangramsahi, the next most illustrious king was Raja Hridaysahi (ruled c. 1652-1704 CE) who, coincidentally, also ruled for almost 52 years. He ruled the Garha-Mandla region from Chauragarh fort but later moved the capital to Ramnagar in c. 1652 CE and then back to Mandla fort in c. 1698 CE for strategic reasons. Most of the waterbodies (lakes, reservoirs, stepwells, dams, wells) are from his time. The last Gond ruler who ruled efficiently was Nizamsahi (ruled c. 1753-1780 CE) after whom the Gond kingdom collapsed and the Maratha took over.

The Marathas

The Mughal Empire, however, enjoyed little more than a nominal supremacy; and the Gond-administrators of Garha-Mandla maintained a practical independence from Raja Hridaysahi onwards. The scenario remained so until their subjugation by the Maratha governors of Sagar in c. 1781 CE. They called it Jabbalgarh. In c. 1798 CE, the Maratha Peshwa granted the Nerbuddah valley to the Bhonsle kings of Nagpur, who continued to hold the district until the British occupied it in c. 1818 CE after defeating the Marathas. The British made Jabbalgarh the commission headquarters of the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories and established a cantonment here.

The Beohars

There were periods of power-shifts from one ruler to other. During such transitional turmoils, Jubbulpore's Beohar family played significant role in safeguarding region's interests since Kalchuri period, that is c. 945 CE onwards. Beohars (Hindi: व्यौहार) were Jagirdars (like Dukes or Earls) who looked after inter-state relations. In peace, they were ambassadors and defendants of their state's traditions/customs Vyauhar (Hindi: व्यौहार) and during war became gallantry knight-commanders or Sardar, thus, the title-prefix Sardar-Beohar with salutation Rajman-Rajeshri (Hindi: राज्यमान-राजेश्री). Their earliest recorded progenitor finds mention as Amatya Golok Simha during Kalchuri-dynasty. One of their ancestor Adhar Simha Kayasth, as Rani Durgavati's ambassador, went to Akbar's court and, as knight-commander, led the army and laid his life for the nation. Much later, estates were granted to R.R. Sardar-Beohar Kehari Simha (c. 1735-1845) by Gond rulers for bravery in battlefields. He detained Clive’s messenger Jainualbdeen in the region but let him go after intervention from Raja Nizamsahi and Raja Janoji Bhonsle. A chapter in Sir Sleeman's book 'Rambles and Recollections..' is devoted to Beohar Kehri Simha. R.R. Beohar Dariyav Simha (c. 1760-1850), as minister of Raja Raghoji II Bhonsle, headed the army to win battles of 1792-93 and 1799-1801 defeating pindari Mir Khan. He hosted the orientalist Vedic-scholar Sir Colebrooke at Beohar-Palace on embankment of Phootatal-reservoir in 1801 CE and took him to his Burhagarh, Gosalpur and Jujhari. His pioneering initiatives against Thuggee were taken further by Sleeman. R.R. Beohar Gandharv Simha (c. 1780-1852) rescued Garha-Mandla's Rani Laxmankuwari and Prince Nerbuddabux from Visaji Chandokar and crowned him in 1842 ousting cousin Shankarsahi. The Beohar (Hindi: व्यौहार) title-prefix and their Riyasat were respected by Nagpur's Bhonsle, Saugor's Peshwa, and British who later became hostile due to the family's nationalism. R.R. Beohar Aman Simha (c. 1830-1890) joined Raja Shankarsahi in 1857 movement. Beohar Raghuvir Simha (1877–1960) was last Jagirdar in whose memory, Civil Lines (North) is known as Beohar Bagh and RailwayStadium-to-Adhartal road as Beohar Raghuvir Sinha Road.

The British Raj and 1857

Under the British Raj, Jabbalgarh became Jubbulpore and was made the capital of the Saugor and Nerbudda Territories, which was part of the British North-Western Provinces. At that time it became infamous for the Thuggee murders but made more famous by the man who suppressed thugs, Sleeman (then Major), who was later appointed Chief Commissioner at Jubbulpore and eventually British Resident at Lucknow. For the noble cause of rehabilitation of thugs' families who were called gurinds, the Beohar-family allowed their piece of land known as Gurandi in the heart of the town.

In Jubbulpore cantonment, Gadadhar Tiwari, on 16-06-1857, opened fire on his European superiors and sparked the Independence movement. His supreme sacrifice did not go waste as the movement caught momemtum in the region, albeit, was short lived. It broiled for more than four months during which the British were petrified, became extremely vulnerable and dreaded the worst. They ran out not only of support but also of supplies and were besieged along with European women and children in their own citadel - the Agency Mansion (now Divisional Commissioner's residence). They survived only because a pro-British local banker-merchant came to their rescue which bought them time for reinforcements to arrive. The 1857 movement was locally spearheaded by Gond Raja Shankarsahi and Prince Raghunathsahi who were later arrested and detained in a jail which still exists next to the DRM office. The same pro-British local banker-merchant's spys Girdharilal and Sumer Singh fabricated and planted written evidence at the citadel of Raja Shankarsahi to prove conspiracy against the British. While the banker-merchant received rich favours, recognitions and rewards from the British, the freedom movement culminated with the martyrdom of Raja Shankarsahi and Prince Raghunathsahi from the mouth of a cannon on 18-09-1857 at the very spot where Lady Elgin Hospital now stands. Subsequently, their supporters and masterminds Thakur Singh Parmar, Beohar Aman Simha, Ganga Mishra, Sooraj Prasad and others went underground and never surfaced. Their estates and assets were confiscated.

End of 19th Century CE

The Saugor and Nerbudda Territories became part of the new Central Provinces in 1861 which in 1903 became the Central Provinces and Berar. By the early 20th century CE, Jubbulpore became the headquarters of a brigade in the 5th division of the Southern Army.

Gandhian Era

Mahatma Gandhi's longest and most important stay in Jubbulpore was in 1933 at the Beohar-Palace of Beohar Rajendra Simha. Mahatma was accompanied by Jawaharlal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Ravishankar Shukla, Dr Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari, Khurshed Nariman, Abul Kalam Azad, Jamnalal Bajaj, Dr Syed Mahmud, Mahadev Desai, and many others, and a meeting of AICC/CWC was held at the Beohar-Palace. Bapu's grandson Kanu (son of Ramdas Gandhi) also stayed with him at the Beohar-Palace at Sathia Kua near Hanumantal. Mahatma Gandhi's memorabilia of that occasion are still well preserved by descendents of Beohar-dynasty at The Beohar House in Beohar Bagh. Many freedom fighters voluntarily gave up comforts of life and family and plunged into Gandhiji's three-S (swadeshi, swaraj and satyagrah) movements and the freedom struggle at large. In the wake of India's independence and nation building, they happily and gracefully embraced the harshes of long jail-sentences. Such bravehearts from Jubbulpore included Beohar Rajendra Simha, Ravishankar Shukla, Sunderlal Tapasvi, Thakur Laxman Singh Chauhan, Seth Govind Das, Harihar Vyas, Maheshdatt Mishra, Deviprasad Shukla, Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, Hukumchand Narad, Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Balmukund Tripathi, Dwarka Prasad Mishra, Kunjilal Dubey, Narsinghdas Agrawal, Rameshwarprasad Guru, Bhawaniprasad Tiwari, Kashiprasad Pandey, Nathuram Vyas, Chidambaram Pillai, Sawaimal Jain, Satyendra Mishra, Sitaram Jadhav, Mulayamchand Jain and many-many more.. The Tripuri Congress session in 1939 was presided over by Subhas Chandra Bose. Jhanda Satyagraha was launched under Lokmanya Tilak's direction. A Congress session was held at Vishnudatt Shukla Nagar at TilwaraGhat (near Jubbulpore) in 1939 when Subhas Chandra Bose was elected the Congress President against the wishes of Mahatma Gandhi.

Post Independence

After India's independence in 1947, Jubbulpore became Jabalpur. Because of Bapu's strong linkages with Jabalpur and his very special love for it, his mortal remains were brought to the city after his martyrdom. After going through the entire city on Beohar Rajendra Simha's shoulders, the urn containing Mahatma Gandhi's ashes were immersed in holy river Narmada by Pt. R.S. Shukla, Beohar Rajendra Simha, Seth Govind Das and others on 12-02-1948 in TilwaraGhat where a massive unprecedented condolence meeting was held. In 1950-51, the Central Provinces and Berar became the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and Pandit Ravi Shankar Shukla became the first Chief Minister of a Congress led Government.

Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Jabalpur had a population of 1276853. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Jabalpur has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 79%, and female literacy is 70%. In Jabalpur, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. Jabalpur is known as marble city of India.

Religions in Jabalpur
Religion			Percent
Hindus			80%
Muslims			13%
Christians			2.5%
Jains			3.4%
Others†			1.1%
Distribution of religions †Includes Sikhs (0.2%), Buddhists (<0.2%).

Arts and Culture

Jabalpur is also referred to as SanskarDhani or the cultural capital of Madhya Pradesh, while Bhopal is RajDhani or political capital and Indore is VanijyaDhani or economic capital. The reason for being called SanskarDhani is because many culture-connoisseurs have had long terms significant associations with the city, including Pritish Nandy, Roopkumar Soni, Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Harishankar Parsai, Beohar Rajendra Simha, Subhadrakumari Chauhan, Alakhnandan Sinha, Gyanranjan Shrivastava, Rehman, Prem Nath, Arjun Rampal, Jaya Bhaduri Bachchan, Aadesh Shrivastava, Raghubir Yadav, and more recently Abhas Joshi, etc., but, most important in this context, the internationally recognized artist-painter from Jabalpur Beohar Rammanohar Sinha who designed and decorated the original preamble to the Constitution of India.

The presence of the river Narmada, rule of Gond and Kalchuri-Maratha dynasties made Jabalpur a Hindu dominated area. Mughal rule brought in a sizable Muslim population. The city had Hindu-Muslim riots in the 1960s. There has been a sharp decline in these riots owing to gradual, yet slow path to progress.

The present culture is dominantly related to agricultural population of the city and surrounding areas. The food and clothing change with the harvest of crops in every season, usually observed by Hindus.

Jabalpur has a very cosmopolitan feel about it where you can find people of almost all major religions and castes in India. The city has Marwari, Bengali, Malayali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannadiga, Marathi, and Punjabi people in sizable ratios and there are people from other regions of India as well.

The city has been a stage for many cultural inventions and many traditional rituals. The city has been peaceful since a long time after the 1960s and now is marching forward towards development in the spheres of infrastructure and industries.

It is indeed a city of culture, where each festival is celebrated with great pomp, the major being Navratri and Dusshera are celebrated with full energy. Not only residents but also visitors from all over MP come to see the Durga Pandals of the city.

Some of the nonprofit organizations (NGOs) active in promotion of art and culture are:

• Pahal literary magazine (Prof Gyanranjan & others)
• Vivechana (Himanshu Rai & others)
• Dialogue-With-Nature-International (Beohar Dr Anupam-Sangita Sinha & others)
• Pragatisheel Lekhak Sangha (Pankaj Swamy 'Gulush' & others)
• Patheya (Rajkumar Tiwari 'Sumitra' & others)
• Viprakul Parishad (Rajesh Pathak 'Pravin' & others)
• MP Artists' Forum (Kamta Sagar & others)
• MiPhoSo (Mukul Yadav & others)
• Triveni Parishad (Dr Gayatri Tiwari & others)
• Gunjan Kala Sadan (Omkar Shrivastava & others)
• MitraSangha (Ajeet Verma & others)
• Jabalpur Manch (Sakeel Hindusdtani & others)
• OFK Natya Kala Sansthan (V.M.Ignatius & others)
• Milan
• GAREEB UTTHAN (K.K. Pandey and Others)

Geography

Jabalpur is located at 23°10′N 79°56′E.The central point of India is located in Jabalpur district. It has an average elevation of 411 metres (1,348 feet).

Topography

The topography of Jabalpur provides a picturesque setting for movies .The hills of Jabalpur, with varied mineral content are a popular destination for Geologists and Archaeologists. The city is surrounded by low, rocky, and barren hillocks. The main water reservoirs of Khandari and Pariyat are located to the north-east direction of the city. Water is also drawn from Narmada River by Public Health Dept. The main crops are wheat, rice, pulses, oilseeds, and maize.Bargi Dam on the river Narmada is used for irrigation, water supply and power generation. The town is surrounded by several lakes and water tanks. The area is rich in limestone, refractory clay, bauxite, iron ore, manganese and other deposits.There are few industries connected with above minerals in the area.

Climate

Jabalpur
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     19     24 8     16     28 11     16     34 16     5     39 21     11     42 26     169     38 26     382     31 24     458     29 23     188     31 23     39     32 19     12     29 12     11     25 9 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm Source: IMD
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.7     75 46     0.6     82 52     0.6     93 61     0.2     102 70     0.4     108 79     6.7     100 79     15     88 75     18     84 73     7.4     88 73     1.5     90 66     0.5     84 54     0.4     77 48 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches

Jabalpur has a humid subtropical climate, typical of North-Central(Madhya Pradesh and Southern Uttar pradesh) India. Summer starts in late March and last up to June. May is the hottest month with average temperatures reaching up to and beyond 45 C. They are followed by monsoon season, which lasts until early October, with a total precipitation of nearly 55 in (1386 mm). Winter starts in late November and last until early March. They peak in January with average daily temperature near 15.Jabalpur gets moderate rainfall of jabalpur gets moderate rainfall of 35 inches (889 mm) during July–September due to the southwest monsoon.

Climate data for Jabalpur
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	24.5 (76.1)	28.8 (83.8)	34.3 (93.7)	38.7 (101.7)	40.4 (104.7)	36.2 (97.2)	30.3 (86.5)	28.2 (82.8)	30.9 (87.6)	32.4 (90.3)	29.7 (85.5)	25.5 (77.9)	31.7 (89.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	8.5 (47.3)	11.4 (52.5)	16.2 (61.2)	21.2 (70.2)	24.4 (75.9)	24.1 (75.4)	22.6 (72.7)	21.9 (71.4)	21.1 (70.0)	18.1 (64.6)	13.9 (57.0)	9.6 (49.3)	17.7 (64.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	4 (0.2)	3 (0.1)	1 (0.0)	3 (0.1)	11 (0.4)	136 (5.4)	279 (11.0)	360 (14.2)	185 (7.3)	52 (2.0)	21 (0.8)	7 (0.3)	1,062 (41.8)
Average precipitation days	0.8	0.8	0.3	0.3	1.8	8.6	15.9	18.3	8.6	3.1	1.4	0.6	60.5
Mean monthly sunshine hours	288.3	274.4	288.3	306.0	325.5	210.0	105.4	80.6	180.0	269.7	273.0	282.1	2,883.3
Source: HKO

Economy

File:VFJ Matang Truck.jpg

Matang is one of the products of Vehicle Factory Jabalpur which is a major contributor to the city's economy

The Narmada river bringing in fresh water from the Vindhyachal Ranges has developed Jabalpur district into an agrarian economy. The land of the Narmada basin with its fertile alluvial soil gives good yields of sorghum, wheat, rice and millet in the villages around Jabalpur.

Jabalpur has Vehicle Factory Jabalpur, Grey Iron Foundry, Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur and Ordnance Factory Khamaria which belong to the Ordnance Factories Board manufacturing various products for the Indian Armed Forces. Important among commercial crops are pulses, oilseeds, cotton, sugar cane and medicinal crops. The state is poised for a breakthrough in soybean cultivation. In Kharif crops occupy 60% and Rabi crops 40% area with 71.4% area under food grain production. Nearly 59% of landholders are marginal whereas small farmers share 18% of farmland. Low literacy rates (35.45%), undulating topography, high percentages of waste land (13.2%), underdeveloped irrigation potential (23%), low ground water utilization, large proportion of rain fed agriculture (75%), practice of Kharif fallows (3.6%), low cropping intensity (131%), low fertilizer consumption (50 kg/ha), high proportion of low value crops, and high numbers of unproductive livestock constrain production in the state.

Jabalpur has a variety of industries largely based in mineral substances of economic value found in the district, although the ready-made garments industry is a substantial portion of production in Jabalpur.

Jabalpur is an important Divisional Headquarters having 8 districts: Jabalpur, Seoni, Mandla, Chhindwara, Narsimhapur, Katni, Dindori, Balaghat. The Jabalpur District has been reconstituted on May 25, 1998. It now has four tehsils Jabalpur, Sihora, Patan and Kundam. Jabalpur also has the headquarters of the Madhya Pradesh State Electricity Board, Homeguards and many other State and Central Government Offices. There are 7 Blocks in the district with 1449 inhabited villages, 60 uninhabited, 1209 revenue villages and 4 forest villages. The presence of several industries in Jabalpur bolstered the industrial scenario of the city.

The important industries in Jabalpur are:

• Garments
• IT industry
• Education and Consultancy
• Electrical goods
• Limestone products
• Building materials
• Glassware
• Telephone parts
• Furniture
• Foodstuffs
• Steel Structures
• Cement Industries
• Engineers
• Tobacco products
• Industrial Safety Goods
• Mechanical Engineering

Communication services

Jabalpur is covered by a large network of optical fibre cables. There are four fixed telephone line operators in the city and eight mobile phone companies.

Transportation

The Jabalpur Airport (JLR),also known as Dumna Airport,is about 20 km from the city centre,airport is of category 6 and has night landing facility along with modern air terminal & air-taxi parking.The airport has been operating services by Air India, Kingfisher airlince SpiceJet, Venctura aircannact. Daily flights are operated for New Delhi,Mumbai,Bhopal,Indore A direct flight to Mumbai and New Delhi was launched by SpiceJet in 7 September 2012.

Airport Terminal Building

private jet's corporate Gulfstream V departs , jabalpur, mp

private jet Challenger 300

SG 2442 flight of Spicejet connecting Jabalpur

Annexe II Building

The Airport Authority of India announced that the Airport required 500 hectares of land, and the Madhya Pradesh government has allocated such land for the development. Planned improvements at the airport include a capacity to handle up to 7 jets at a time, extending the runway to 3500 meters and a second runway. Runway extension (from 6,500 ft 2,300 m to 9300 ft.Instrument landing system (ILS) installation and terminal building ,apron

Airlines and destinations

Airlines	Destinations
Air India	Delhi
Spicejet	Delhi, Mumbai
Ventura AirConnect	Nagpur , Indore, Bhoapl, Gwalior

Road

Jabalpur is connected by road to Varanasi, Nagpur, Bhopal, Jaipur, Raipur, Allahabad, Hyderabad, Bangalore. The Longest National Highway of India i.e National Highway No. 7 run through the city. The National Highway No. 12 to Jaipur also originates from the city. Consistent efforts are made by the Government of Madhya Pradesh and NHAI to keep roads in good condition. Many roads are being converted into four lane highways.

Comfortable bus services are available for cities in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh. It has direct bus service to Indore, Nagpur, Bhopal, Varanasi, Raipur, Bilaspur, Gondia, Wardha, Durg, Akola, Bhilai, Amravati, Chandrapur, Allahabad. For these cities Luxury/Sleeper/Air conditioned bus are available at good frequencies. Both MPSRTC and Private buses provide most bus service.All types of buses like Seating, sleeper and Volvo bus service are available for major cities.

Jabalpur Junction
Indian Railway Station
Jabalpur Station
General information
Location	Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh India

Railways

Jabalpur is the headquarters of West Central Railways and has direct rail connection to important cities like Mumbai, NewDelhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Nagpur, Surat, Pune, Patna, Ludhiana, Jammu,Vasco-Da-Gama, Coimbatore, Bhopal, Indore, Agra, Jaipur, Varanasi, Kanpur,Vadodara, Bhubhaneshwar, Lucknow, Puri, Raipur, etc.. Work to convert Gondia-Nainpur-Jabalpur narrow gauge to broad gauge has been started under Project Unigauge. This will provide new options to reach areas of Southern India. The railway line from Gondia to Balaghat is already converted to Broad Guage. Jabalpur is also the last station of Indian Railways train number 1, The Satpura Express now re-numbered as Train No 10001 after new 5 digit numbering system. Apart from Jabalpur Main Station, Jabalpur city also has the Madan Mahal Station which generally caters to passengers from the inner part of the city and the Kachhpura goods shed which is used for transporting large goods and iron ore to port cities.

Other Stations Serving Jabalpur Metropolitan Region

Station Name	Station Code	Railway Zone	Total Platforms
Jabalpur main	JBP	West Central Railways	6
Madhan Mahal	CPA	West Central Railways	3
Bhedhaghat	KAP	West Central Railways	1
Bhitonil	MDA	West Central Railways	1
Sihora Road	CPR	West Central Railways	2
Gosalpur	CPR	West Central Railways	1
Devari	CPR	West Central Railways	1

Jabalpur Stationboard

Important train from Jabalpur or via Jabalpur

Train number	Train name	Origin	Destination
12411/12412	Gondwana Express	Jabalpur	Hazrat Nizamuddin
12189/12190	Mahakaushal Express	Jabalpur	Hazrat Nizamuddin
12121/12122	Madhya Pradesh Sampark Kranti Express	Jabalpur	Hazrat Nizamuddin
12192/12191	Sridham Express	Jabalpur	New Delhi
19116/15	Durgavati Express	Jabalpur	Jammu
12187/12188	Jabalpur - Mumbai Garibrath Express	Jabalpur	Mumbai
11447/11448	Shaktipunj Express	Jabalpur	Howrah
15010/15009	ChitrakutExpress	Jabalpur	Lucknow
11464/11463	Somnath Express	Jabalpur	Somnath
12181/12182	Dayodaya Express	Jabalpur	Jaipur
12160/12159	Amravati Super Express	Jabalpur	Amravati
11472/11471	Jabalpur - Indore Express	Jabalpur	Indore
12062/12061	Habibganj Jan Shatabdi Express	Jabalpur	Habibganj

Local transport

Jabalpur's public transport system mainly consists of metro buses which runs on different routes and covers the urban and suburb area. Metro taxis, auto rikshaws and rickshaws are the other means of public transport available in the city.

Media

There are a number of print and broadcast sources in the region.

Newspaper

Many national and local newspapers are published from Raipur both in Hindi and English:

Newspaper	Language	Notes
Dainik Bhaskar	Hindi
Patrika	Hindi
Nav Bharat	Hindi
Deshbandhu	Hindi
Nai Duniya	Hindi
Haribhoomi	Hindi
The Times of India	English
Hindustan Times	English
Hindustan	Hindi
The Hitavada	English
Business standard	English, Hindi

Radio

The radio channels available in Jabalpur include: space :

Station Name	Frequency (MHz)	Tagline
Red FM	93.5	Bajaate raho..
MY FM	94.3	Jiyo Dil se!
Radio Mirchi	98.3	Its Hot!
Radio Dhamaal	106.4	Dhinchak
Akashvani	102.9	__
Gyan Vani	105.6	__

Akashvani Jabalpur on 801 kHz AM via a 200 kW transmitter.

Tourism

• BhedaGhat - Marble Rocks.

Bhedaghat, a major tourist attraction, a village situated on the banks of the Narmada, is known for its marble rocks at a distance about 25 km from Jabalpur by road. Major attractions are the Duandhar waterfall, marble gorge, and the Chausath Yogini temple. Boat ride is available from the Panchavti ghat in a mist several kilometer long marble gorge in river Narmada. The BhedaGhat and Dhuandhar serve as a site for movie shooting, and marble for statuary.

The Dhuandhar Falls in Bhedaghat. The waterfall is located 25 km from Jabalpur on the Narmada river. Dhuandhar Falls or the smoke cascade is a waterfall in Bhedaghat. The Narmada River after passing the Marble Rocks narrows to become a smoky waterfall. The plunge of Dhuandhar Falls is sudden and hence has a greater effect. This fall is a spectacular sight in Bhedaghat.

• Bargi Dam.

Rani Avanti Bai Lodhi Sagar (RABLS) Project is major project situated on river Narmada in Jabalpur Distt. It is commonly known as Bargi Dam. The project comprises 5.38 km. long Earthen and Masonry Dam across river Narmada near village Bargi. It has 90 MW River Bed Power House and 137 km. long Left Bank Main Canal (LBMC). It is located on the Jabalpur - Nagpur NH - 7 highway and is about 40 km from Jabalpur city. Madhya Pradesh State Tourism Development Corporation (MPSTDC) has encouraged water sports in Bargi dam. Tourists can enjoy cruise ride, motor boat ride, speed boat ride in reservoir water. MP Tourism runs a hotel and restaurant at Bargi Dam.

• D. B. Vallabh Das Palace

A building in the old city area of Hanuman Tal has been residence of Malpani family (banker-merchant) of Jabalpur.

• Balancing Rocks

"Narmada" redirects here. For other uses, see Narmada (disambiguation).

Jabalpur is also famous for an eroded volcanic rock formations called Balancing Rock. This rock is en route to the Madan-Mahal bastion near Deotal.

These medieval places of Tantra Sadhna were built by the Gond ruler Maharaja Sangramsahi between c. 1480-1540 CE.

• Khandari Water Works

Small nature reserve and old dam on the way to Jabalpur's Dumna aerodrome. Madhya Pradesh Tourism department runs a cafeteria here and whole place has great scenic beauty along with ample wild life.

• The Beohar House

Constructed soon after completion of the building which now houses the High Court of MP. This private manor has had the singular honour of hosting several visiting luminaries. History books of the early 1820-1830s refer to the vast expanse/estate of this manor as Jamnera and subsequently Beohar-Grove. It was later converted to Civil Lines by the British. When the railway line was laid, it bisected the area into North and South, and this area became Civil Lines (North). This entire area is now popularly referred-to as Beohar-Bagh, or Garden of the Beohars'. High Court of Madhya Pradesh is situated in this Beohar-Bagh.

• Bandhavgarh National Park

This national reserve forest has the highest density of tigers in the world, making it a good place to see a tiger in its natural habitat. It is in this valley where the white tiger was discovered.About 155 km from Jabalpur by road to Umaria.Jabalpur is the major railhead nearest to Bandhavgarh,it can be reached from here by 3–4 hours drive.

These Vaishnav and Shaiva temples in Jabalpur were constructed by Beohar-dynasty in c. 17-18th century CE and were the first temples in India to be opened to the Harijan (outcaste) in 1929 by Beohar Raghuvir Simha with his friends Ghanshyam Das Birla and Jamnalal Bajaj. The RadhaKrishna temple houses the idols of Shri Radha-Krishna (gifted by Maharaja Chhatrasal of Panna to the ancestors of Beohar-dynasty, supposed to be replicas of the idols of Bhagwan JugalKishore ji), alongside Shri Ram-Janki ji and other Gods and Goddesses.

• Kanha National park

The park was created in 1955 by a special law and, since then, it has dedicated itself in preserving a variety of animal species. Many endangered species have indeed been saved here. Today Kanha is among the few most scenic and beautiful wildlife reserves in Asia. This 'Tiger Country' is the ideal home for both predator and prey. Kanha National Park is one of the biggest national parks in India and a part of Project Tiger, the tiger conservation program in India. It is situated on Mandla road at a distance of about 160 km from Jabalpur. Jabalpur is the ideal as a break point in the journey to Kanha as it is the Nearest Major Airport and major railway station. Further details can be had from www.kanhavillage.com male tiger at Kanha National Park]]

• Pench National park

Located on Jabalpur -Nagpur National Highway no.7 is one of the famous national tiger and bison park around Jabalpur & possibly the setting of Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book. About 190 km from Jabalpur by road,3–4 hours drive from here and the road is also excellent.

• Beohar Sarovar

Shiv Statue at Kachnar City Jabalpur

The breathtaking scenic beauty of Beohar-Sarovar also known popularly as Burhan-Sagar is about 20 km on NH7 (Jabalpur-Sihora section), and can be reached by turning westward on Burhagarh-Deonagar concrete road 2 km off NH7. Since mid-17th century CE when Burhagarh and Singodh villages were won by R.R. Beohar Dariyav Simha after defeating pindari invader Mir Khan (later Nawab Amir Khan of Rajputana), it had been the summer retreat of the Beohars (erstwhile Jagirdars of Jabalpur) and remains full of water all year round with lots of natural Indian lotuses. It is also frequented by migratory birds and is a roving-avian haven for the Painted Storks. The natural flow of rain water has been stopped by piling-up earth and lining the ridge with stone blocks thereby creating a reservoir. Several centuries ago, the construction of this ridged-dam was supervized by one Bodhraj/Burhan Shripaal who worked for the Beohar-family, hence the names 'Beohar-Sarovar' and also Burhan-Sagar. The village Burhagarh is situated on a hillock on top of which stood the Citadel of Beohars. As a guest of Beohar Rajendra Simha in 1933, Mahatma Gandhi stayed here. Beohar Rajendra Simha subsequently named this village GandhiGram.

• Kachnar City

A Vijayanagar suburb of Jabalpur, famous for a 76 feet (23 m) high Lord Shiva statue which houses a cavern with replicas of Shivalingam from 12 important holy shrines of Lord Shiva all over the country.The statue is excellent work of fine art.

• Barela

Barela's another name is "DharmNagri", this is very good place which located about 16KM from jabalpur. this is famous for many things "Sharda Mandir,Dada than than pal(Jamuniya) and Bade shankar ji Temple (12 feet (3.7 m) high Lord Shivling and 80 feet (24 m) ft long snake)".

Snooker

Bargi dam

Madan Mahal whole structure

Khandari Water Reservoir at Jabalpur

A tiger in Bandhavgarh

File:City Roads.jpg

City Roads in sadar

Civil Engineering Department - Jabalpur Engineering College.

The game of snooker was conceived in Jabalpur. The origins of the game of snooker are generally regarded as being in the latter half of the 19th century. Billiards had been a popular activity amongst British army officers stationed in India who took the idea from the Indian game carrom, and variations on the more traditional billiard games were devised. One variation was to add coloured balls in addition to the reds and black which were used for pyramid pool and life pool. This gave birth to the game of snooker. It is generally accepted that a Colonel Sir Neville Chamberlain (no relation to the World War II Prime Minister) conceived the game in the British Army Officer's Mess in Jubbulpore, India, in 1875.

Jabalpur Cantonment

Jabalpur Cantonment Board Jabalpur Cantonment is one of the largest and most important Cantonments of India which is spread in a beautifully developed vast and green area admeasuring about 7040 acres and population of 66,499 as per 2001 Census (approx 75,000 as now). It comprises Civil areas, Army formations and establishments like HQ Madhya Bharat Area, Jammu & Kashmir Rifles Regimental Centre, The Grenadiers Regimental Centre, 1 Signal Training Centre, College of Material Management, Central Ordnance Depot, 506 Army Base Workshop, Military Hospital, HQ Chief Engineer Jabalpur Zone, Military Dairy Farm and HQ Recruiting Zone. Besides it, civil organizations under Ministry of Defence are Cantonment Board, Defence Estates Officer Jabalpur Circle and Controller of Defence Accounts. Jabalpur also has 4 Military manufacturing units namely Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur, Vehicle Factory Jabalpur, Grey Iron Foundry and Ordnance Factory Khamaria. Bharat Ratna Bhimrao Ambedkar Institute of Telecom Training is also situated in Jabalpur Cantt which is a national level training institute of senior officers of BSNL.

Jabalpur Cantonment is located near the Railway Station and is well connected with prominent establishments and residential localities of the city. NH-12, 12 A and 7 join it with other cities / states. Jabalpur is the headquarter of West Central Railway zone and is well connected with mail and super-fast trains from Mumbai, New Delhi, Ahmedabad, Bhopal, Kolkata, Patna, Lucknow, Chennai, Bangalore, Nagpur, Kota, Jaipur, Jammu & Hyderabad. Apart from broad-gauge railways, Jabalpur is notable for having narrow-gauge railways, which connect with Gondia. It is well connected by air to Delhi, Indore and Gwalior by Indian and Kingfisher Airlines.

Cantonment Boards are statutorily constituted local bodies, under Ministry of Defence, composed of elected representatives, ex-officio and nominated members. Jabalpur Cantonment is a Class-I Cantonment in which the Board consists of President, Chief Executive Officer, eight elected members including the Vice president, 03 nominated members, 02 ex-officio members i.e. Garrison Engineer and SEMO and one nominated member of the District Magistrate. The CEO is a senior officer from the Indian Defence Estates Service, Group 'A' (Central Civil Services), who also acts as the Member-Secretary of the Board. The Station Commander of the Cantonment is the Ex-officio President of the Cantonment Board who presides over the meetings of the Board. The GOC-in-Chief, of the Army Command concerned, acts as the local Govt. for the Cantonment Boards situated within his Command.

The administration of the Cantonment Boards is supervised by the Defence Estates Organization. The Principal Director, Defence Estates (PDDE) who is a senior officer of the level of Additional Secretary to the Govt. of India, is posted at the Headquarters of each Army Command. The PDDE, apart from being advisor to the GOC-in-C, controls and directs the functioning of the Cantonment Boards. He further reports to the Director General, Defence Estates (DGDE), New Delhi. The DGDE is an officer of the level of Secretary to the Govt. of India who supervises and directs the administration of 62 Cantonment Boards and DEO (Defence Estate Officer) circles located in across India. He further reports to the Ministry of Defence.

Universities

• Rani Durgavati University
• Jabalpur Engineering College - established as the first engineering college in central India and formerly known as Government Engineering College, Jabalpur.
• Madhya Pradesh Medical University (Proposed in Jabalpur)
• Xavier Institute of Management (XIMJ).
• Maharshi Mahesh Yogi Vedi Vishwavidyalaya
• Madhya Pradesh University of Veterinary Sciences
• Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University
• IIIT DM Jabalpur - Pandit Dwarka Prasad Mishra Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (Deemed University)

The Jabalpur region is home to many higher and secondary education facilities.

College

• Robertson Model Science College, Jabalpur est.1836
• Robertson Commerce College, Jabalpur Jabalpur est.1836
• St.Aloysius College est.1956
• G.S College est.1956
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College est.1955
• Xavier Institute of Development Action and Studies Jabalpur

Law Colleges

• Hitkarni Law College

• Department of Law, Rani Durgavati University

• N.E.S. Law College

• Central India Law Institute

• Shri Neelkanth Law College

Schools

• St. Aloysius Senior Secondary School (Estd. 1869)
• Christ Church boys senior secondary school (est 1870)
• Christ Church girls senior secondary school (est 1870)
• Christ church senior school for boys & girls [I.C.S.E]
• St Joseph's Convent girls senior secondary school l(est 1870)
• St. Xaviers High School
• Ryan International School
• Delhi Public School, Jabalpur
• Royal Heritage Public School *delhi public school
• Joy Senior Secondary School|Joy Senior Secondary School, Jabalpur
• Little World School
• Saraswati Shishu Mandir

Sadar Bazaar

Sadar Bazaar is one of the most popular shopping destinations for the people of Jabalpur. It is located very close to Railway Station. It is also close to the residential area of south civil line

External links

• Official website