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Zamboanga City

Coordinates: 6°54′N 122°4′E / 6.900°N 122.067°E / 6.900; 122.067
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City of Zamboanga
Lungsod ng Zamboanga
Ciudad de Zamboanga
(From top, left to right): Paranomic view of Zamboanga City, Southway Square Mall, Business District, Mindpro Citimall, WMSU Building, ADZU Building, UZ Building, Immaculate Conception Cathedral, and Taluksangay Mosque, PS: la cho mingolia sinplop jotrid hUllll
(From top, left to right): Paranomic view of Zamboanga City, Southway Square Mall, Business District, Mindpro Citimall, WMSU Building, ADZU Building, UZ Building, Immaculate Conception Cathedral, and Taluksangay Mosque, PS: la cho mingolia sinplop jotrid hUllll
Official seal of City of Zamboanga
Seal
Nickname: 
Asia's Latin City [1]
Location of Zamboanga City within the map of Zamboanga Peninsula on the island of Mindanao.
Location of Zamboanga City within the map of Zamboanga Peninsula on the island of Mindanao.
CountryPhilippines Philippines
RegionZamboanga Peninsula(Region IX)
Class1st Class City (Highly-urbanized City)
Districts1st and 2nd Legislative districts of Zamboanga City
Barangays/Barrios98
Official LanguagesChavacano, Filipino, English
Founded13th and 14th Centuries[2]
EstablishedJune 23, 1635 [3]
Incorporated (City)January 1, 1912 [4]
Government
 • MayorCelso L. Lobregat LDP
Area
 • Total572.73 sq mi (1,483.3849 km2)
Elevation
[5]
20 ft (6 m)
Population
 (2007 Census[6])
 • Total774,407
 • Density1,353/sq mi (522/km2)
 • Demonym
Zamboangueño
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code[7]
7000
Area code62
Patron SaintOur Lady of the Pillar
WebsiteOfficial Website

Zamboanga City ( Chavacano/Spanish: Ciudad de Zamboanga; Filipino: Lungsod ng Zamboanga), is the former Capital of Provincia Mora now Mindanao Island from the year 1903 to 1913. On September 15, 1911, the Municipality of Zamboanga was converted into a city by the legislative order Act. No.272. [8] It is known as Asia's Latin City for its strong Hispanic/Latin influence.

Currently, Zamboanga City is one of the primary hubs in the Philippines, being the regional center in Zamboanga Peninsula Region and Western Mindanao in the areas of commerce, trade, health services, financial institutions and education.[9][10] It is Currently on the rank 6th most populated city (774,407 population as of 2007), and rank 3rd on the largest city in the Philippines ((522/km2) 1,353/sq mi) in terms of land area.[11][12]

Zamboanga City serves as an entry point in the Philippines to any places in Southeast Asia.

History

Timeline History of Zamboanga City[13]

    Year   Event

Zamboanga City was founded in 13th Century, and the early people who are living the island was Subanon; An indigenous tribe that are came from Malay origin. The Subanon people was named the Zamboanga as "Su ng Lupa" means "Pointed Land". At the same year, there was an speculation that the name of zamboanga was came from the word "Jambangan" meaning the "Land of Flowers", but others are insist that the name of the city was came from the word "Saguan" or "Sambuan"; A Malay word for paddle used by the natives to paddle the vintas in the sea. Another one is "Sambon" which is referred on a herbal plants that grew abundantly in the city.[14] While the Badjao, Samal, Tausug and the Yakan tribes from a Malayan decent who settled in the some part of Mindanao at the early year 1300's.[15]

In 1400's. The Mohammedanism is a related to Muslims in most part of Malay archipelago, and the Islam was the high predominant and the first religion who invade the Philippines after the Jews and Christians arrived in the country.[16]

Spanish Rule

The Spaniards arrived in the country in the year 1520's, who were the first foreign invaders in the country.[17] While in the year 1569; Zamboanga was chosen as the site of the Spanish settlement and garrison and it was established on La Caldera (now called Barrio Recodo).[18] Their goals is to use it for the reinforcement of their troops in the country, giving way for Christian settlements by converting the people in the island to become a Christians and protecting the island against Foreign Invaders and Moro pirates. And after 3 decades (1599), the fort was closed and transferred in Cebu due to its high tumors about the attacking of British empire on that island which did not happen on that time. After abandoning the city, the Spaniards with the joined forces of Visayan troops reached the shore of Zamboanga City to give peace on the island against Moro Pirates.[19]

Zamboanga Fortress (now Fort Pillar), from before (left) and present (right).

The Zamboanga City became the main headquarters of the Spaniards in 1634. Due to its approval of King Philip IV of Spain;[20] A thousands of Spanish troops headed by a Governor General from Spain take the approval to build the first Zamboanga Fortress (now called Fort Pilar) in Zamboanga City to preclude their enemies in Mindanao like Moro Pirates and other Foreign Invaders.[21] The Zamboanga fortress was become the main focus of a number of battles between Moros, Chinese and Spaniards which was the Spanish ruled the region from 16th to 18th centuries. While the region was already dominated by the Catholicism and the Mohametans keeps on protracted struggle against the ruling Spaniards in the country in the year 1700's.[22][23]

In the Year 1831. The Custom house in Zamboanga city was established a port, and it become the main port for having a direct communication, trading some goods and other services to most part of Europe, Southeast Asia and Latin America. But it was closed after a year's it became into a state of a lifeless village; Including the ports in Sual, Iloilo and Cebu, but the ports was re-open again after a years;[24] While the Americans arrived in the Philippines headed by General Weyler with a thousands of troops to defeat and reign the nation after the Spaniards ruling it in more than 3 centuries. The Spanish Government sent more than 80,000 Spanish troops in the Philippines. The Spanish Government completely surrendered the Islands to the United States 1890's peacefully.[25]

American and Japanese Period

Reconstruction of the old flag of the Republic of Zamboanga.

Before the end of the 19th century; The Republic of Zamboanga was established during the American period in the Philippines and it was briefly existence from May 18, 1899 to March 1903. The First President of the Republic of Zamboanga was Vicente Alvarez and succeed by Isidoro Midel and Mariano Arquiza.[26]

During the American colonial period. Zamboanga City hosted a number of American regional governors, including General John J. Pershing who was military commander/governor of the Moro Province from 1909 to 1914. Gen. "Black Jack" Pershing became the Supreme Commander of the American Expeditionary Force in Europe during World War I when the US entered the war in 1916. The entire Moro Province of Mindanao was administered directly from the city, effectively making the Zamboanga Mindanao's first and only Capital City. Soon after the establishment of the Commonwealth was the center of commerce, trade, and government of Mindanao Island, being the capital of the Moro Province.[27]

Zamboanga City Charter Signing.

Zamboanga became a chartered city on the year 1936.[28]. In Pre-World War II; Pettit Barracks was apart of the US Army's 43d Infantry Regiment (PS) was stationed. When the Japanese invaded the Philippines; The Japanese occupying forces headed by Vice Admiral Skugiyama Rokuzo and accompanied with Rear Admiral Naosaburo Irifune landed at Zamboanga on March 2, 1942. [29] They established a defense headquarters in the city while ruling the government in more than 2 years. And the government was eventually overtaken by American and the Filipino forces in 1945.[30]

Martial Law

In 1953. The prominent person in the city, Cesar Climaco was elected as a Mayor. a flamboyant personality who pursued policies of good governance and cleanliness.[31] On the 1961 Philippine General Election, Cesar Climaco was unsuccessful to run for the Senate under the Liberal Party, but he was appointed as a Customs Commissioner under Macapagal Administration,[32] and later a prominent critic of Ferdinand Marcos. Climaco was reelected as a mayor in Zamboanga city again in 1980, at the time of growing violence in the city and the Martial Law was declared in the country. He was assassinated in November 14, 1984.[32]

Independent Philippines

After the Marcos Regime. Zamboanga city was enjoying its good economic activities in the city, but the growth was not rapidly high due to its economic downturn in the year 1980's at the "martial law" time.

At present, Zamboanga City is the main hub in Zamboanga Peninsula through Education, Financial Institutions, Health and services, Infrastructural Projects and Center of Foreign Investment through BIMP-EAGA in relation with other major cities in Southeast Asia.[33]

Geography

Location

See also: List of Islands in Zamboanga City
Map of Zamboanga City.
List of Barangays by each Legislative Districts :

 ► Camino Nuevo

 ► Canelar

 ► Sto. Niño

 ► Zone 1

 ► Zone 2

 ► Zone 3

 ► Zone 4

 ۞ 1st District

 ► Ayala

 ► Baluno

 ► Baliwasan

 ► Cabatangan

 ► Campo Islam

 ► Capisan

 ► Cawit

 ► Dulian (Upper Pasonanca)

 ► La Paz

 ► Labuan

 ► Limpapa

 ► Maasin

 ► Malagutay

 ► Marikin

 ► Pamucuta

 ► Pasonanca

 ► Patalon

 ► Recodo

 ► Rio Hondo

 ► San Jose Cawa-Cawa

 ► San Jose Gusu

 ► San Roque

 ► Sta. Barbara

 ► Sta. Maria

 ► Sto. Niño

 ► Sinubung

 ► Sinunuc

 ► Talisayan

 ► Tulungatung

 ►  Tumaga

 ► Upper Calarian

 ۞ 2nd District

 ► Arena Blanco

 ► Boalan

 ► Bolong

 ► Buenavista

 ► Bunguiao

 ► Busay

 ► Cabaluay

 ► Cacao

 ► Calabasa

 ► Culianan

 ► Curuan

 ► Dita

 ► Divisoria

 ► Dulian (Upper Bunguiao)

 ► Guisao

 ► Guiwan

 ► Kasanyangan

 ► Lamisahan

 ► Landang Gua

 ► Landang Laum

 ► Lanzones

 ► Lapakan

 ► Latuan

 ► Licomo

 ► Limaong

 ► Lubigan

 ► Lumayang

 ► Lumbangan

 ► Lunzuran

 ► Mampang

 ► Manalipa

 ► Mangusu

 ► Manicahan

 ► Mercedes

 ► Muti

 ► Pangapuyan

 ► Panubigan

 ► Pasilmanta

 ► Pasobolong

 ► Putik

 ► Quiniput

 ► Salaan

 ► Sangali

 ► Sta. Catalina

 ► Sibulao

 ► Tagasilay

 ► Taguiti

 ► Talabaan

 ► Talon-Talon

 ► Taluksangay

 ► Tetuan

 ► Tictapul

 ► Tigbalabag

 ► Tictabon

 ► Tolosa

 ► Tugbungan

 ► Tumalutap

 ► Tumitus

 ► Victoria

 ► Vitali

 ► Zambowood

The city is located on the south westernmost tip of the Zamboanga Peninsula, on the island of Mindanao. It is 460 nautical miles (850 km) south of Manila, 365 nautical miles (676 km) northeast of Kota Kinabalu in Malaysia, and 345 nautical miles (639 km) northwest of Manado in Indonesia. It is bounded on to the west by the Sulu Sea and to the south by the Basilan Strait and Celebes Sea. It will take about 1 hour and 50 minutes away by plane from Manila and an hour away from both cities of Cebu and Davao.[34]

The main land territory of Zamboanga City, which encompasses 1,681 kilometers ( 645 square mile ), there are (officially) 11 islands that are part of its principality. The most popular of these islands is the Great Santa Cruz Island, It's tantalizingly beautiful scenery encompasses the rare "pink sand". almost 10– 15 minutes while riding a boat from the city to the Great Sta. Cruz Island. Under the Presidential Decree No. 654, President Ferdinand Marcos declared that the Santa Cruz Islands as National Park and Tourism Development in the City of Zamboanga. Aside from Santa Cruz island, the city has also 28 islands off the mainland coast. All of these islands come under the city's jurisdiction. The biggest of these islands is Sacol (about 12 km. long and 8 km. wide), and eleven of these islands on the Moro Gulf coast form a cluster known as the Eleven Islands, the largest being Cabugan Island (approx. 11 hectares).[35]

Climate and Temperature

Zamboanga City enjoys a location that is free from the typhoon belt area. March to May is hot and dry, with temperature at 32 to 34 degrees Celsius, while in June to October is rainy, and November to February is cool, with temperatures ranging from 22 to 28 degrees Celsius. Average humidity year-round is 77%.

Climate data for Zamboanga City, Philippines
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Source: Weatherbase[36]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
189819,844—    
190320,692+4.3%
191842,007+103.0%
193973,894+75.9%
1948103,317+39.8%
1960131,489+27.3%
1970199,901+52.0%
1975265,023+32.6%
1980343,722+29.7%
1990442,345+28.7%
1995511,139+15.6%
2000601,794+17.7%
2007774,407+28.7%
Source:[37]

Population

The Philippine census result for the latest population of Zamboanga City was recorded on 3.56 percent growth for the year 2007; About 774,407 people are presently residing on the city. To be considered that Zamboanga is the 6th most populated city in the Philippines or about 0.8 percent of the total population in the country.[38]

Religion

Main article: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga

According to statistics compiled by the Philippine Government. The most dominant religion in the city is Christianity with 73% adhering to the faith. The majority of Christians are Roman Catholics and the remaining 27% percent belongs to other non-Christian faiths such us Islam, Buddhism, and others.

Language

The common languages in the city are Chavacano (Spanish Creole), Tagalog, English and Bisaya. Fookien (a Chinese dialect) and Tausug. Approximately 64% of the city’s population consists of the native families of the old Zamboanga who are greatly influenced by the Spanish culture and lifestyle which we called now as a pure Chavacano or Zamboangueño. While the 36% of the city’s population is composed of cultural minority members. A Group of Muslim community, such us the Tausugs, Yakans, Badjaos, Samals, and the Subanons.[39]

Government

See also: List of Mayors of Zamboanga City
Consejo de la Ciudad de Zamboanga.
File:Zamboanga-Cityhall.jpg
City hall of Zamboanga City.

Zamboanga City is the 3rd oldest city in the Philippines, with a "strong" mayor-council form of government.[40] The City received its own representation for the Philippine Congress since 1984. The former lone congressional district was divided into two separate districts; The West District (I) from the City Proper to Limpapa headed by Incumbent Congresswoman Maria Isabelle C. Salazar, while in the East District (II) from Tetuan to Licomo is headed by Incumbent Congressman Erico Basilio A. Fabian. The government is composed of a Mayor, Vice Mayor, two district representatives, and eighteen councilors in each district.[41]

The city of Zamboanga is composed of morethan 774,407 population since last year 2007.[42] Under the Republic Act No. 9269, which is Zamboanga city is qualified to have an additional district representative in the congress since the population of the city becomes bigger since last year 2007.[43]

File:Airforce in Zamboanga.jpg
OV-10 Bronco and MD 500 parking at the Air force Base in Zamboanga City.

Armed Forces and Law Enforcement

See also: AFP Western Mindanao Command

In the Philippines. Zamboanga City is the one of the most number of military and police base in the country. The Edwin Andrews Air Base which is handling the Air Force of the Philippines in the city; The "Camp Navarro" also known as Western Mindanao Command, the main head quarters of Armed Forces of the Philippines in Western part of Mindanao, the Philippine Army, Philippine Marines, and Philippine Navy are assign on that command. The "Camp Enrile" and other 3 Military camps are also can be found in the city.

Lieutenant General. Nelson Allaga is the current assign chief of staff in Western Mindanao Command. He is the Officer in charge of 1st Scout Ranger Regiment, 1st Infantry (TABAK) Division, Light Reaction Battalion, Naval Forces Western Mindanao, and 205th Tactical Helicopter Wing PAF; with a number of approx. 42,000+ active and reserved personnel who are assigned in Zamboanga city.[44]

Transportation

The Zamboanga City is accessible by land, air, and sea. It is also the home of the busiest airport and seaport in the country for the past 10 years until now.

Land Transportation

Taxi service in the city is not well-established, although there are some independent taxis in the city. The common public transportation in Zamboanga City are the Jeepneys and the Trycycles. There are some bus company who are serving the city to other major cities in Mindanao such us Ceres Liner, Rural Transit Bus, Mary May Express and other private bus company.

There are two multi million projects of local government of Zamboanga city are still pending since 2006. The green and blue City Bus which will serve the most part of the city and it is a project proposal of Goodvoy Incorporated but yet it is pending by the Local government approval.[45] While the 178 million pesos Integrated Bus Terminal project in Brgy. Divisoria was temporary canceled due to its controversial issues about the bidding process and the over pricing issue which was the RCDG Construction won to do this project.[46]

National and International Seaport

See also: Port of Zamboanga
File:Zamboanga Seaport.jpg
Zamboanga International Seaport

Zamboanga has 19 seaports and wharves, twelve of them are privately-owned and the rest are owned by the government including the some ports of Basilan are registered as a part of Zamboanga city port management. The biggest and most modern seaport is the government-operated main port in Zamboanga city, which can accommodate 20 ships at any given time. There are 25 shipping companies whose vessels regularly at the port of Zamboanga. The city has also fastcraft services to Sandakan, Malaysia, and one Shipping Cargo Company from Vietnam is also serving the route's from and to Zamboanga to deliver so goods from Vietnam.[47]

The Port of Zamboanga can handle inter-island and international fast ferries and international cruise ships. In the year 2002; The Port of Zamboanga City and inclusive of area ports and Basilan island, was ranked #1 in the entire Philippines and registered an astounding 5.57 million passengers at the same year; Surpassing Batangas by 1.3 million passengers, and Manila by over 1.59 million passengers.[48]

As of May 28, 2009, The P700 million worth of port expansion project and funded by the National Government in Zamboanga City, was already inaugurated by Pres. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, which was held inside the Freeport Zone in the city.[49].

Domestic and International Airport

See also: Zamboanga International Airport
File:Zamboanga Airport.jpg
Zamboanga International Airport terminal.

The airport of Zamboanga City is a secondary international airport, since it was mandated by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines that the airport of Zamboanga should be called as the Zamboanga International Airport due to its contribution in Aviation of the Philippines and the Facilities inside the Terminal. There was a planned to rename its present airport name into a new named after the late mayor of Zamboanga city Maria Clara L. Lobregat. However, the planned was not yet been approved due to some political issues.

The airport has 2,610 meter primary runway and it can serve international flights and bigger planes such as the Boeing C-17, Antonov An-124 and Airbus A320.[50][51] The government has already earmarked more than 240 million pesos to complete the rehabilitation of the existing facilities of the airport.[52]. The airport of Zamboanga City was ranked the #10 busiest airport in the Philippines in 2008, after on the rank 7 forfrom the past 2 years.[53]

List of Airline companies that are serving the ZIA and their destinations.

List of proposed/planned Airline company with their destination to serve ZIA near future.

Economy and Industry

File:Downtown Zamboanga.jpg
Rizal Park at the Central Business District of Zamboanga City.
File:Central Bank of the Philippines ZC.JPG
Central Bank of the Philippines

The city of Zamboanga is one of the wealthiest city among others in the Philippines. The main source of its economy are mostly focused on agricultural and aqua cultural. Most of the investment in the city are comes from the local business people unlike other major cities, their economy are mostly under pressure on big companies like SM Prime Holdings, Ayala Corporation, Tan Group of Companies that will hit a big impact to increase their profit of their local economy. In comparison; Most of the big cities in the Philippines are stick on their economic growth in known and big corporation unlike in Zamboanga City, they are stick on a local branded businesses that are mostly comes from the city and mostly they started their business on the year 1960's to 80's.

Zamboanga City is known in exporting their products such us rubber, pearls, copra, mahogany, and other fine hardwoods, fish, abaca, and fruits; rice is still imported to other countries in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and some part of Europe and North America[56]

Banks

Presently, there are more than 60 banks in Zamboanga City. The most number of banks in the city are Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, Allied Bank, One Network Bank and Union Bank of the Philippines. The Automated teller Machines (ATMs) are widely used in the city and there are 3 types interbank networks working in the city; the BancNet, Expressnet and MegaLink.

Most of the banks in the city are mainly the head branch in Zamboanga peninsula and even the country such us Islamic Bank of the Philippines, Development Bank of the Philippines, Land Bank of the Philippines, Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company, Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation and One Network Bank. There are also numerous firms and other financial services in the city.

Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority

Main article: Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority

The Zamboanga City Special Economic Zone Authority (Zamboecozone) also known as Zamboanga Freeport Authority (ZFA), was created by virtue of the Republic Acts of the Philippines 7903 of the Philippines Constitution in the year 1995. It was authored by then the congresswoman and late mayor of the city of Zamboanga, Maria Clara L. Lobregat.[57]

The Special Economic Zone was enacted into law on February 23, 1995 and made operational a year later with the appointment of a chairman and administrator and the members of the Board by former President Fidel V. Ramos. It is located about 20 km. from the city center. One of the three current Economic Freeport Zone outside in Luzon.

Shopping Centers and Malls

See also: List of Shopping Centers and Malls in Zamboanga City
File:Southway Square Mall.jpg
The Southway Square Mall; One of modern architectural structure in Zamboanga City.

As the center of commerce in Western Mindanao, Zamboanga is home to five local shopping malls and numerous department stores, supermarkets and retail stores.

  • Mindpro Citimall - It was opened in the year 1996, the second mall in the city after Alta mall. The only shopping mall that has a cinema and the first Shopping mall in Zamboanga Peninsula.
  • Yubenco Star Mall - Is a shopping complex that is located at Barangay Putik.
  • Southway Square - It was opened in the year 2007. It is a modern architectural structure in the city.
  • Shoppers' Center - Zamboanga's newest mall. It is located at the City proper.
  • Midtown Plaza Mall - A unique shopping mall that is located at Nuñez Extension.

Entertainment and Recreation

The city has also a popular recreation sites such us Catribo Complex, Latitude and Grand Alejandra's place are among the popular discos in the city. Many restaurants and commercial complex can be found in the city to, some of which are: mano-mano na Greenfield Restaurant, Harry's Grill, The Lobby Bar, Family Fried Chicken, Manang Terry's Chicken Inato, Mang Inasal, Park 88, Country Chicken and many more.

Mindpro's six cinemas, Viva Cinerama and Rizal Threatre are the city's only existing movie theatres in Zamboanga City.

There are convention areas designed for regional and national events and conferences as well as social gatherings in the city. These are; Garden Orchid Convention Center, Marcian Convention Center (Biggest convention in Mindanao), Zamboanga City Colliseum in Tetuan, Zamboanga City Convention Center, Astoria Regency in Pasonanca and Patio Palmeras Convention Centers.

Sport venues of the city include the Joaquin F. Enriquez Memorial Sports Complex (Biggest Sports Complex in the Philippines), were National and Regional Sport events are done others include the Summit Centre & Zamboanga City Coliseum, are the two main venues of major concerts and sport events that take place in the city.

Seaweeds Industry

Main article: Zamboanga City Seaweeds Industry

The major species of seaweed grown and harvested in Zamboanga City is the Eucheuma Cottonii seaweed because of its numerous uses; it can be farmed commercially almost anywhere in the city’s coastal areas. Eucheuma seaweed has been commercially introduced in various method of propagation, after extensive experimentation. It was disclosed that eucheuma seaweeds grow faster on reefs than other areas which prove that seaweed farming is viable in this city. When the study of Eucheuma seaweeds propagation was initiated, its technical advancement was transferred to the private sectors, thus making the seaweed industry one of the leading ventures in the country today.[58]

Sardines Industry

Sardines Capital of the Philippines

Zamboanga is noted as sardines capital of the Philippine, because 8 out of 11 sardines company in the country are can be found in this city. The sardines made from Zamboanga are also exporting to other countries and regions like United States, Europe, Middle East, and the East Asia. There are canning factories located in the west coast of Zamboanga producing popular sardine brands like Mega Fishing Corporation (Mega Sardines), Universal Canning Corporation (Family's Brand Sardines), and Columbus Seafood Inc. (555 Sardines, SM Bonus Sardines, Blue Bay Sardines). Sardine fishing and processing account for about 70 percent of the city's economy or P3 billion, according to press reports. Situated at the western tip of the Mindanao mainland, Zamboanga City is a natural docking point for vessels traversing the rich fishing grounds of the Zamboanga peninsula and the Sulu archipelago. The city’s eight canneries, which employ around 15,000 workers, process 1,000 tons of sardines daily.[59]

Education

See also: List of Tertiary schools in Zamboanga City

The formal education in the Zamboanga City is patterned after the American system, with English as the medium of instruction. Schools are classified into public (government) and private (non-government). Classes start in June, and end in March. The majority of colleges, and universities follow a semester calendar from June to October, and November to March. There are a number of foreign schools with study programs.[60]

The general pattern of formal education follows by five stages:

  • Pre-primary level - nursery and kindergarten offered in most private schools;
  • Primary level - six years of basic education;
  • Secondary level - four years of high school education;
  • Tertiary level - usually takes four years, sometimes five and in some cases as in medical and law schools.
  • Graduate level - additional two or more years of schooling.

Universities and Colleges

One of the most historic cities in the Philippines; Zamboanga plays host of numerous first-rate colleges and universities. These educational institutions attract many students in the province, as well as from the other parts of the country. The city of Zamboanga has a several prestigious private schools in Southern and Western Mindanao. Most of these private schools or institutions are administrated by Catholic and Jesuit schools.

Private Schools

File:Ateneo de Zamboanga.jpg
Ateneo de Zamboanga University high school building.
  • Ateneo de Zamboanga University - Founded by the Society of Jesus in 1912, it is the second oldest Jesuit school in the Philippines. It initially catered to primary and secondary education for boys. It became a college in 1952, and a university in August 2001. The Ateneo de Zamboanga began in 1912 as Escuela Catolica, a parochial school run by Spanish Jesuits at the old site of the Immaculate Conception Church, right across the Sunken Garden.[61]
  • Pilar College was founded in the year 1894, as a Cartilla School by the Beaterio Sisters who evacuated from Tamontaca, Cotabato. One of the two sisters who started the Cartilla School in the year 1894 was Mother Maria Antera Cruz, RVM.
File:Universidad de Zamboanga.JPG
Universidad de Zamboanga city campus.
  • Universidad de Zamboanga - A private university in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Founded on October 12, 1948 by Arturo Eustaquio, Sr. It was formerly known as Zamboanga A.E. Colleges until it was granted by the CHED to become a University School in the year 2005. It has 8 campuses spread out in an area of more than 130 hectares in the city and some parts of Zamboanga Peninsula. Universidad de Zamboanga has 2 Highschools namely Arturo Eustaquio Memorial Science Highschool and the UZ Technical Highschool.[62]

Public Schools

File:Western Mindanao State University.JPG
Western Mindanao State University main campus.
  • University of the Philippines, Zamboanga is proposed university under the Senate Bill No. 2662, A Bill to create new University of The Philippines Campus in Zamboanga City mandated by Senator. Rodolfo Biazon, to serve the whole Zamboanga Peninsula Region and ARMM Region. if this will be approved, UP-Zamboanga will be the second UP campus in Mindanao after UP-Mindanao in Davao City.[63]
  • Western Mindanao State University - Formerly Zamboanga Normal College founded 1904; Is the first to be granted as a university in the year 1978. It is the only state university in the city. Its campus is located in Baliwasan and is offering college and vocational programs. The university is believed to be the oldest school in Mindanao. WMSU already brought numerous achievements in the academic field, it is the Center of Excellence in Teacher Education, Center of Development in Architecture, Best School in Social Work, Best School in Forestry and Number 1 in the Criminology Board Examinations.[64]
  • Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College - Formerly Zamboanga City Trade School founded 1905. It was founded as a small workshop classroom of the Zamboanga Central School in July 1905. In 1992, the Zamboanga School of Arts and Trades was converted into Zamboanga City Polytechnic College under the supervision of the Commission on Higher Education. In July 20, 2001, pursuant to R.A. 9142, the Zamboanga City Polytechnic College became a state college and its name was changed to Zamboanga City State Polytechnic College. The college is mandated to provide advanced instruction and professional training in science and technology and other related fields, undertake research and extension services, and provide progressive leadership in the city.

Foreign Relations

Department of Foreign Affairs

The City of Zamboanga jurisdictions often partner with foreign cities through Sister Cities International, an organization whose goal is to “promote peace through mutual respect, understanding, and cooperation". Sister cities interact with each other across a broad range of activities, from health care and education to business, culture and arts.

Zamboanga City is a member of BIMP-EAGA which stands for Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area. BIMP-EAGA is an agreement among the four Southeast Asian neighbor countries for economic cooperation. It has put Zamboanga City in touch with towns in Malaysia and Indonesia. As a result of contacts arising from BIMP-EAGA, an air and sea route has been opened between Zamboanga City and Sandakan in Malaysia and even a free-trade of goods to other BIMP-EAGA members.

Sandakan and Zamboanga seen as sisters states or twin cities have always managed to work well together. The strong relationship between Sandakan and Zamboanga has existed for so long. As immediate neighbors, these two regions have a long history of interactions not only through trade relations but also through culture and social interactions. BIMP-EAGA which was formed in 1994 merely served to further strengthen the existing economic and social ties between these two regions formally.[77]

Hospitals and Health Centers

See also: Zamboanga City Hospitals and Health Centers
Zamboanga City Medical Center (TZU -CHI Great Love Eye Center).
Zamboanga Doctors' Hospital.

The city is also home to medical centers and hospitals. These provide quality health care service for Zamboanguenos.

  • Brent Hospital and Colleges, Inc. - Located at R.T.Lim Boulevard and it was founded on February 2, 1914 by Charles Henry Brent, The first Protestant Episcopal missionary bishop in the Philippines. It also runs a school within the extensive Hospital Compound, offering nursing and allied health courses.
  • Zamboanga City Medical Center - Is the largest medical facility in Region IX also known as Zamboanga peninsula in terms of bed capacity. The hospital was founded in 1918 as the Zamboanga General Hospital; better known simply as "General Hospital", is located in the corner of Veterans Avenue-Fort Pilar road.
  • Zamboanga Doctors' Hospital - Located at Veterans Avenue, is the first privately owned hospital and one of the most modern facilities in the city was established in 1964.
  • Ciudad Medical Zamboanga - Is one of the most equipped and advance medical center in Zamboanga. Ciudad Medical is a five-storey medical complex and located at Nunez Extension.
  • Western Mindanao Medical Center - Located at Veterans Avenue Extension; It was established in the year 1990, with state-of-the-art facilities and newly reconstructed building.
  • Universidad de Zamboanga Community Medical Center - Formerly the Zamboanga Arturo Eustaquio Colleges Memorial Medical Center along San Jose Road; Is a university-owned hospital equipped with advanced medical facilities and has a 24-hour pharmacy located inside the Medical complex.
  • Zamboanga City Red Cross - Is one of tine pioneer chapters in the country it was established in June 17. 1946 known originally as Zamboanga Chapter. The original Zamboarga Chapter comprised the city of Zambonnga and the 3 provinces of Basilan, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur. Zamboanga City Chapter has a Blood Center with complete with laboratory eooquipment for bld processing. The chapter contributed to the wed being of the patients needing blood both in public arid private hospitals.[78]

Tourism

Zamboanga City is about seven hundred kilometers away from Manila. In fact it is the Entry and Exit point to any parts of Southeast Asian Region to the Philippines from Investment to Tourism.[79] There are constant reminders of the city’s exotic past as a major East-West trading port. Zamboanga remains a melting pot of cultures, with the colorful vinta sails and the imposing stone works of Fort Pilar symbolizing the city’s rich heritage which are the main attraction of tourists in the City.[79]

Parks and Landmarks

Zamboanga City Gallery

There are several Tourist spot destinations in the city, which you can able to spend your time while seeing the different cultures of the people from Zamboanga City. The Zamboanga Fortress now called Fort Pilar, and Pettit Barracks the former encampment of United State; The Modern Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Old Normal School Building, St. Ignatius of Loyola Parish Church, Taluksangay Mosque, and the Zamboanga City Hall are the Historical Buildings that attracts more to the tourists and most of them are religious churches.[79]

While the Sta. Cruz Island, Paseo del Mar, Pasonanca Park, Jardin de Maria Clara, Cawa-Cawa Boulevard, Zamboanga Golf and Country Club, Plaza Pershing and other beautiful parks in the city are additional spots to encourage the local and foreign tourist's to visit the historical and beautiful city of Zamboanga.

Most of the historical tourist spot destinations in the city are on the list of the Philippine world heritage sites by UNESCO; To protect and save the rich culture of the city while seeing this sites in many generation's.[79]


The Philippine Department of Tourism has selected Zamboanga City to highlight as a tourist destination to be promoted nationally and internationally.[80] Tourism to the Zamboanga Peninsula has trended upward in recent years. Domestic and foreign tourist arrivals increased 8 percent to 439,160 in 2005, according to data from the regional tourism office. The same report notes that Filipinos accounted for 80 percent of the tourist arrivals. Moreover, 50 percent of those tourists visited Zamboanga City.[81]

Paseo del Mar el Comedor
File:Plaza Pershing.JPG
Plaza Pershing in Downtown Zamboanga
File:City Hall of Zamboanga.jpg
City Hall of Zamboanga
Port Pilar Altar
File:Modern Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception ZC.JPG
Modern Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
Zamboanga City National Museum
Las Campanas del Santurio de la Virgen del Pilar
Cruz Major overlooking the city and the Basilan Strait
Centuries-old acacia trees Calle Rizal
Interior of the Port Pilar
Philippine Veterans Legion
File:Paseo del mar Zamboanga.jpg
Paseo del Mar in Zamboanga City.


  • Cawa-Cawa Boulevard - Is a bayside roadway comparable to Manila's Roxas Boulevard. Locals and visitors often walk Cawa-Cawa to see its famed sunsets.
  • Fort Pilar - Founded in 1635 as a garrison during the Spanish period, Fort Pilar serves as a present day open-air shrine. Originally named as La Fuerza Real de San Jose, the fort is named after and dedicated to Our Lady of the Pillar, the patroness of the Archdiocese of Zamboanga. Its image is embossed at the altar (which was then an entrance of the fort). Fort Pilar also houses a National Museum branch inside the fort.
  • National Museum of Zamboanga City - The establishment of a museum branch in Zamboanga City was made possible by Presidential Decree 260. declaring Fort Pilar as a National Cultural Treasure on August 1, 1973. Situated within the historic Fort Pilar, the museum is named in honor of Nuestra Señora del Pilar, patroness of Zamboanga.[82]
  • Paseo del Mar na Zamboanga - a seafront parkway located adjacent to the walls of Fort Pilar. The Paseo encompasses 2.5 hectares in what was a former slum, which required relocating 300 families.[83] The walkway faces scenic Basilan Strait.
  • Pasonanca Park - Traversed by a gently rippling stream, that is abounds with trees, flowering plants, ferns, shrubs and 600 different species of orchids. Mindanao Governor John J. Pershing started the construction of Pasonanca Park in 1912. He sent for a parksman in the United States, once named Thomas Hanley, to prepare the plan and direct its execution. The park was completed under the administration of Governor Frank W. Carpenter. There is a treehouse nestling high in the branches of one big tree where guests could pass the night and hold communion with nature which, in the darkness, could still be perceived in the gentle rustling of the pine trees. Permission to use the treehouse, which is for free, can be obtained at the Office of the Mayor.
  • Pettit Barracks - site that US forces under General John C. Bates occupied after the capture of the city on November 15, 1899. It was named Pettit Barracks after Col. James S. Pettit, 31st Infantry, US Volunteer Commanding Officer of the Second Military District. Occupied by Japanese forces in 1942-1945, the barracks were recaptured by United States of America and Philippine Commonwealth liberation forces on March 10, 1945, and turned over to the Philippines on July 4, 1946.[84]
  • Plaza Pershing - Plaza Pershing was established in Zamboanga City, Philippines to honor Governor John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing (September 13, 1860 – July 15, 1948) with his victory over Muslim insurgents.
  • Jardin de Maria Clara- La Jardin de Maria Clara Lobregat is a garden park named after the late mayor Maria Clara Lobregat. The park consists of floral and butterfly species such as orchids, roses and colorful butterflies surrounding the garden. It also has an aviary park for the avian species such as parrots, turkeys, and eagles among the birds.
  • Modern Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception - Founded in 1810 as a parish located at the present day Universidad de Zamboanga campus, the Cathedral is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zamboanga (created in 1910 as diocese and elevated in 1958 as an archdiocese). It is known as one of the most modern cathedrals in Asia, built in 1998-2001. The cathedral is located at La Purisima St. The cathedral's structure is cruciform, resembling a cross and its facade is patterned after a candle (which is connected to the Blessed Virgin Mary).[80]
  • St. Ignatius of Loyola Parish Church, Tetuan - Records shows that at the start, there was a small chapel constructed on a lot. Owned by Don Balbino Natividad, a permanent resident of Tetuan. It was build on January 1863. Barrio Tetuan's Catholic Church now known as the Saint Ignatius of Loyola Parish Church can be found on Fr. Baruja,S.J. Street corner Atilano Street. The original church structure was destroyed during World War II. It is historically recognized as the first catholic parish in Mindanao, Philippines.
  • Serenity Falls - Zamboanga City's Serenity Falls bounded between La Paz and Pamucutan, at the foot of the EcoZone's south entrance.
  • Taluksangay Mosque - The famous Mosque in Barangay Taluksangay is considered as one of Zamboanga’s tourist spots. This colorful mosque is located in the barrio of Taluksangay outside the city center.
  • Old Normal School Building - Also known as the Western Mindanao State University (WMSU) Social Hall, the building was built during the American Era and was the center of education for most of Mindanao. Presently, this houses The College of Education of WMSU and is also the site where most cultural presentations are held. It also houses a Museum.
  • Yakan Weaving Center - Host to the only Yakan community in the City, the center is located just across the famed La Vista de Mar beach resort at the border of Barangay Upper Calarian and Sinunuc and along the National Highway. You can witness the local people weaving intricately hand-woven clothes on giant looms as well as traditional brasswares.
  • Zamboanga City Hall - The construction of this building started in 1905 and was completed in 1907 by the Federal Government of the United States for the then American Governors of the area which included: Leonard Wood, Tasker H. Bliss, Ralph W. Hoyt, and Governor John J. Pershing of World War I fame. Today, this serves as the City Hall of Zamboanga City where the Mayor holds office.
  • Zamboanga Golf and Country Club - Known to be the "oldest Golf Course" in the Philippines. It was established during the American Occupation and is overlooking the Basilan Strait. It also is host to a public swimming resort managed by the Philippine Tourism Authority.[85]
  • The Gallery of the Peninsula and Archipelago - is meant to be a place of culture and the arts where exhibits, current and permanent collections may be viewed. The items for the gallery would be paintings, sketches, sculpture, photographs, and items of artistic value and high quality artisanship.

Holidays and Holy Days

Zamboanga City is home to a diverse culture. It is a melting pot of different kinds of people. It boasts a long and worth-knowing history. These diversity and duration are just two of the many reasons behind the City's numerous colorful and solemn festivities. These festivals dates are generally non-working holidays. A few of the major celebrations in the city are listed with some bits of must-know facts.

Holiday

  • Dia de Zamboanga

February 26, 1937- the date when Zamboanga was declared as a chartered city under the Commonwealth Government. Charter Day of the City became a non-working holiday. A roster of special activities are lined up annually to mark the occasion. The signing of the City's Charter by Pres. Manuel L. Quezon was witnessed by Assemblyman Juan S. Alano, Representative of the Moro Province of Mindanao, then Zamboanga City Mayor Don Pablo Lorenzo, and a number of other public officials, as well as a young school girl, Maria Clara Lorenzo, who eventually became a representative and City Mayor of Zamboanga until her death in 2004.

Festivals and Events

Zamboanga City is home to a diverse culture. It boasts a long and worth-knowing history. These diversity and duration are just two of the many reasons behind the City's numerous colorful and solemn festivities; These festivals dates are generally non-working holidays. A few of the major celebrations in the city are listed with some bits of must-know facts.

  • Dia de Zamboanga

(February 26)- The date when Zamboanga was declared as a chartered city under the Commonwealth Government in the year 1937. Charter Day of the City became a non-working holiday. A roster of special activities are lined up annually to mark the occasion. The signing of the City's Charter by Pres. Manuel L. Quezon was witnessed by Assemblyman Juan S. Alano and the representative of the Moro province of Mindanao.

(March/April) - A city procession known as the Santo Entierro (Holy Funeral) on Good Friday highlights the observance of the season of Lent. Celebrated in most parish churches in the city and in the Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, the Santo Entierro is a procession of Christ's images along the city's main streets, depicting his last hours before, during, and after the Crucifixion.

(May) - A religious feast celebrated in many Catholic Parishes in honor of Reyna Elena (Queen Helen)and her son Constantine who went to the Holy Land to search for Jesus' Cross.

(August) - Often abbreviated to Eid, is a Muslim holiday that marks the end of Ramadan, the Islamic Holy month of fasting. Eid is an Arabic word meaning "festivity", while Fiṭr means "to break fast"; and so the holiday symbolizes the breaking of the fasting period. It is celebrated after the end of the Islamic month of Ramadan, on the first day of Shawwal.

Street Dance Competition. One of the activity in Zamboanga Hermosa Festival.

(October 1- 31) - Highlighted by the October 12 Fiesta Pilar in honor of the miraculous image of Our Lady of the Pillar at the legendary Fort Pilar. The festival features month-long celebrations with so many lineup activities to be held; Hermosa dance sports competition and the street dance competition is the most awaited activities in the festive. The festival commences with a solemn procession and a grand mass at the Fort. With thousands of pilgrims converging in Zamboanga City. One of the oldest festivities in the country..

  • Fiesta de La Immaculada Concepcion (Feast of the Immaculate Conception)

(2nd week of December) - A Feast day of Zamboanga City's Patron; the Blessed Virgin Mary's Immaculate Conception. Traditionally celebrates with a procession and mass highlighted by either first communion or ordination rites. They're also holding several activities such us the Street dance competition.

  • Christmas

(December 25) - Celebration of Jesus Christ's Birth. City hall, churches, schools, streetlight post, houses, streets, commercial places, parks and most of the other places in the City are covered with lights, filled with joyous sounds and other Christmas Decorations.

  • Fonda de Barangay or Fiesta de Barangay

Week-long celebration in every Barangay/Barrios honoring their patron saints. The celebration usually starts with novena masses held every day for 9 straight days prior the feast day of the patron saint. every night, the barrio is lit up for celebration and merry-making that includes pageants, trade fair, parade, cock-fighting, carnival, musical competition and "baile."

See also

References

Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Zamboanga City

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Template:Legislative districts of Zamboanga City

 
Largest cities in the Philippines
Rank Name Region Pop. Rank Name Region Pop.
Quezon City
Quezon City
Manila
Manila 		1 Quezon City National Capital Region 2,960,048 11 Valenzuela National Capital Region 714,978 Davao City
Davao City
Caloocan
Caloocan
2 Manila National Capital Region 1,846,513 12 Dasmariñas Calabarzon 703,141
3 Davao City Davao Region 1,776,949 13 General Santos Soccsksargen 697,315
4 Caloocan National Capital Region 1,661,584 14 Parañaque National Capital Region 689,992
5 Taguig National Capital Region 1,261,738 15 Bacoor Calabarzon 664,625
6 Zamboanga City Zamboanga Peninsula 977,234 16 San Jose del Monte Central Luzon 651,813
7 Cebu City Central Visayas 964,169 17 Las Piñas National Capital Region 606,293
8 Antipolo Calabarzon 887,399 18 Bacolod Negros Island Region 600,783
9 Pasig National Capital Region 803,159 19 Muntinlupa National Capital Region 543,445
10 Cagayan de Oro Northern Mindanao 728,402 20 Calamba Calabarzon 539,671

6°54′N 122°4′E / 6.900°N 122.067°E / 6.900; 122.067

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