Diclazepam
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| Routes of administration | Oral, sublingual |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Elimination half-life | ~42 hours[1] |
| Excretion | Renal |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H12Cl2N2O |
| Molar mass | 319.185 g/mol g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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Diclazepam (Ro5-3448), also known as chlorodiazepam and 2'-chloro-diazepam, is a benzodiazepine designer drug and functional analog of diazepam. It was first synthesized by Leo Sternbach and his team at Hoffman-La Roche in 1960.[2] It is not currently approved for use as a medication, but rather sold as a recreational drug and research chemical. Efficacy and safety have not been tested in humans.
In animal models, its effects are similar to diazepam, possessing long-acting anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative, skeletal muscle relaxant, and amnestic properties.[citation needed]
Metabolism
Metabolism of this compound has been assessed,[1] revealing diclazepam has an approximate elimination half-life of 42 hours and undergoes N-demethylation to delorazepam, which can be detected in urine for 6 days following administration of the parent compound.[3] Other metabolites detected were lorazepam and lormetazepam which were detectable in urine for 19 and 11 days, respectively, indicating hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 enzymes occurring concurrently with N-demethylation.
See also
- Benzodiazepine
- Diazepam
- Delorazepam
- Lorazepam
- Phenazepam
- Ro5-4864 (4'-Chlorodiazepam)
References
- ^ a b Moosmann B, Bisel P, Auwärter V (2014). "Characterization of the designer benzodiazepine diclazepam and preliminary data on its metabolism and pharmacokinetics". Drug Testing and Analysis. 6 (7–8): 757–63. doi:10.1002/dta.1628. PMID 24604775.
- ^ US 3136815, "Amino substituted benzophenone oximes and derivatives thereof"
- ^ Bareggi SR, Truci G, Leva S, Zecca L, Pirola R, Smirne S (1988). "Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of intravenous and oral chlordesmethyldiazepam in humans". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 34 (1): 109–112. doi:10.1007/bf01061430. PMID 2896126.