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Israel Railways

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רכבת ישראל בע"מ
Israel Railways Ltd.
Company typeState owned
TASE: RAIL.B2
IndustryRailways
HeadquartersLod railway station,
Lod
,
Israel
Area served
Israel
Key people
Michael Maixner (CEO)
ServicesRail transport, Cargo transport
RevenueIncrease ₪940+ million[1] (2015)
Increase ₪1 billion[2] (2016)
Increase₪1.5 billion[3] (2014)
OwnerGovernment of Israel
Number of employees
1,900 (2015)
Websitewww.rail.co.il
רכבת ישראל
Israel Railways
Overview
Locale Israel
Dates of operation1948–present
Technical
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
ElectrificationIn the process of conversion to electric; 25 kV, 50 Hz overhead wire
Length1,138 km
Other
Websitewww.rail.co.il

Israel Railways Ltd., dba Israel Railways (Template:Lang-he, Rakevet Yisra'el), is the state-owned principal railway company responsible for all inter-city, commuter, and freight rail transport in Israel. All its lines are standard gauge. The network is centered in Israel's densely populated coastal plain, from which lines radiate out in many directions. In 2018, Israel Railways carried 68 million passengers.

Unlike road vehicles and city trams, Israeli heavy rail trains run on the left hand tracks, matching neighboring Egypt and other Middle Eastern countries, whose formerly connected rail networks were constructed by British engineers.

Until 1980, the company's head office was located at Haifa Center HaShmona railway station. Tzvi Tzafriri, the general manager of Israel Railways, decided to move the head office to Tel Aviv Savidor Central Railway Station. In 2017, the company's head office was moved to a new campus built on the grounds of the Lod railway station.

Stations

There are 68 stations on the Israel Railways network, with almost all of the stations being accessible to disabled persons, with public announcement and passenger information systems, vending machines and parking.

Bicycle policy

Bicycles are permitted on the train in designated coaches.

Israel Railways encourage people to use bicycles by building a double-deck parking for bicycles in every train station and by allowing people to take the bike with them on the train to minimize the need for private cars.

Smoking

In Israel, smoking is prohibited in public enclosed places or commercial areas. Although smoking in railway stations is allowed at designated zones of the station, the sale of tobacco from automated vending machines is prohibited.

List of stations

Israel Railways Route Map
Legend
Nahariya
Karmiel
Acre
Ahihud
Kiryat Motzkin
Kiryat Haim
Metronit Hutzot HaMifratz
Yokneam–Kfar Yehoshua
Metronit Rakavlit HaMifratz Central
Migdal HaEmek–
Kfar Baruch
Metronit Haifa Center–HaShmona
Afula
Metronit Haifa–Bat Galim
Beit She'an–David Levy
Metronit Haifa–Hof HaCarmel
Atlit
Binyamina
Caesarea–Pardes Hanna
Hadera–West
Netanya
Netanya–Sapir
Beit Yehoshua
Hod HaSharon–Sokolov
Ra'anana–South
Kfar Saba–Nordau
Ra'anana–West
Rosh HaAyin–North
Herzliya
Petah Tikva–Segula
Bnei Brak–Ramat HaHayal
Petah Tikva–Kiryat Aryeh Tel Aviv Light Rail
Tel Aviv–University
Tel Aviv Light Rail Tel Aviv–Savidor Center
Tel Aviv Light Rail Tel Aviv–HaShalom
Tel Aviv–HaHagana
Holon Junction
Ben Gurion Airport Ben Gurion Airport
Holon–Wolfson
Paatei Modi'in
Kfar Chabad
Ayalon Valley Bridge
Lod–Ganei Aviv
Modi'in–Center
Lod
Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon
Bat Yam–Yoseftal
Bat Yam–Komemiyut
Be'er Ya'akov
Rishon LeZion–HaRishonim
Ramla
Rishon LeZion–Moshe Dayan
Rehovot
Yavne–West
Beit Shemesh
Yavne–East
Biblical Zoo
Ashdod–Ad Halom
Jerusalem–Malha
Ashkelon
Mazkeret Batya
Sderot
Kiryat Mal'akhi–Yoav
Netivot
Kiryat Gat
Ofakim
Lehavim–Rahat
Goral Junction
Be'er Sheva–North
Dimona
Be'er Sheva–Center
Station City District
Nahariya Nahariya Northern District
Akko (Acre) Acre
Afula Afula
Beit She'an Beit She'an
Migdal HaEmek – Kfar Baruch Kfar Baruch
Yokneam – Kfar Yehoshua Kfar Yehoshua
Ahihud Ahihud
Karmiel Karmiel
Kiryat Motzkin Kiryat Motzkin + Haifa Haifa District
Kiryat Haim Haifa
Hutzot HaMifratz
HaMifrats Central
Haifa Center HaShmona
Haifa Bat Galim
Haifa Hof HaCarmel
Atlit Atlit
Binyamina Binyamina-Giv'at Ada
Caesarea-Pardes Hanna Pardes Hanna-Karkur + Caesarea
Hadera Ma'arav Hadera
Netanya Netanya Central District
Netanya Sapir
Beit Yehoshua Beit Yehoshua
Ra'anana West Ra'anana + Herzliya
Ra'anana South Ra'anana + Kfar Saba
Hod Hasharon Sokolov Hod HaSharon + Kfar Saba
Kfar Saba – Nordau
Rosh HaAyin North Rosh HaAyin
Petah Tikva Sgula Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva Kiryat Aryeh
Bnei Brak Bnei Brak Tel Aviv District
Herzliya Herzliya
Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv Savidor Central Tel Aviv + Ramat Gan
Tel Aviv HaShalom Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv HaHagana
Ben Gurion Airport Ben Gurion Airport Central District
Paatei Modi'in Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut
Modi'in Central
Kfar Habad Kfar Chabad
Lod Ganei Aviv Lod
Lod
Ramla Ramla
Beit Shemesh Beit Shemesh Jerusalem District
Biblical Zoo Jerusalem
Jerusalem Malha
Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon
Holon Junction Holon + Tel Aviv Tel Aviv District
Holon-Wolfson
Bat Yam-Yoseftal Holon + Bat Yam
Bat Yam-Komemiyut
Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayan Rishon LeZion Central District
Rishon LeZion HaRishonim
Be'er Ya'akov Be'er Ya'akov
Rehovot Rehovot
Yavne West Yavne
Yavne East
Mazkeret Batya Mazkeret Batya
Ashdod Ad Halom Ashdod Southern District
Ashkelon Ashkelon
Sderot Sderot
Netivot Netivot
Ofakim Ofakim
Kiryat Mal'akhi – Yoav Kfar Menahem
Kiryat Gat Kiryat Gat
Lehavim-Rahat Lehavim
Be'er Sheva North Beersheba
Be'er Sheva Center
Dimona Dimona

Lines

Schematic diagram of Israel Railways passenger services
Regional map of past and present railway lines

Israel Railways' passenger routes are divided into ten operational lines and three lines under construction:

Line Terminus (start) Intermediate stations Terminus (end)
Nahariya–Ashkelon Nahariya Akko – Kiryat Motzkin – Kiryat Haim – Hutzot HaMifratz – HaMifrats Central – Haifa Center – Haifa Bat Galim – Haifa Hof HaCarmel – Atlit – Binyamina – Caesarea-Pardes Hanna – Hadera West – Netanya – Beit Yehoshua – Herzliya – Tel Aviv University – Tel Aviv Center – Tel Aviv HaShalom – Tel Aviv HaHagana – Holon Junction – Holon Wolfson – Bat Yam Yoseftal – Bat Yam Komemiyut – Rishon LeZion Moshe Dayan – Yavne West – Ashdod Ad Halom Ashkelon
Tel Aviv–Ra'anana Tel Aviv University Bnei Brak – Petah Tikva Kiryat Aryeh – Petah Tikva Sgula – Rosh HaAyin North – Kfar Saba – Nordau – Hod HaSharon Sokolov – Ra'anana South Ra'anana West
Tel Aviv–Lod Tel Aviv HaHagana Kfar Chabad – Lod Ganei Aviv – Lod Rishon LeZion HaRishonim
Tel Aviv–Modi'in Tel Aviv HaHagana Ben Gurion Airport – Pa'atei Modi'in Modi'in Center
Lod–Ashkelon Lod Be'er Ya'akov – Rehovot – Yavne East – Ashdod Ad Halom Ashkelon
Lod–Be'er Sheva Lod Ramla – Kiryat Gat – Lehavim-Rahat – Be'er Sheva North Be'er Sheva Center
Lod–Jerusalem Lod Ramla – Beit Shemesh – Biblical Zoo Jerusalem Malha
Tel Aviv–Jerusalem Herzliya Tel Aviv University - Tel Aviv Savidor Central - Tel Aviv HaShalom - Tel Aviv HaHagana - Ben Gurion Airport Jerusalem–Yitzhak Navon
Ashkelon–Be'er Sheva Ashkelon Sderot – Netivot – Ofakim Be'er Sheva North
Akko–Karmiel Akko Ahihud Karmiel
Haifa–Beit She'an Haifa Center HaMifrats Central – Kfar Yehoshua – Yokne'am – Migdal HaEmek – Kfar Baruch – Afula Beit She'an

Future

See also: Rail transport in Israel

The flagship project of Israel Railways is the construction of an improved rail line from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. The line began as an extension of the current railway to Ben Gurion Airport and Modi'in, and terminates in a new underground station beside the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. An additional proposal will connect Modi'in to Jerusalem if built by connecting to the aforementioned line.[4] The project of electrification, starting with the new Jerusalem-Tel Aviv line is ongoing with plans to eventually electrify all or most of the network.

A 23.5 kilometres (14.6 mi) line from the city of Acre, on the Mediterranean coast, to Karmiel was completed in March 2017. However, this tract bypasses Acre and does not make a stop there ; it is planned to be extended north to the north-eastern town of Qiryat Shemona, with future stations also planned for Jadeidi-Makr and Majd al-Krum, though there is no timetable for construction. This line will be fully electrified.[5][6]

There were plans to build a high-speed railway to Eilat. In 2019 the project has been indefinitely frozen.[7]

In 2011 the reconstruction and expansion of the 60 kilometres (37 mi) long, formerly abandoned Jezreel Valley railway line connecting Haifa and Beit Shean (near the Jordanian border) started. This was completed in 2016. There has been talk of further extending the line to Irbid, in Jordan (to allow a direct freight connection from Jordan to the Mediterranean Sea); however, no decision has yet been made on this matter. Another proposed extension under discussion would connect the reconstructed Jezreel Valley railway at Afula to Tiberias.[8]

In May 2017, an extension of the railway from Arad via Kuseife was approved. The line would connect to the existing Beersheba–Dimona rail line at the proposed new station at Nevatim.[9]

Rolling stock

Current

Locomotives

Class Image Type Top speed Number Remarks Built
mph km/h
EMD G12 DE locomotive 27 Bo-Bo.[10] Israel imported 23 from EMD 1954–62 and captured four more from Egyptian National Railways in the 1967 Six-Day War. Some have been withdrawn and one (No. 107) is now in the Israel Railway Museum in Haifa.[11] No. 106 was withdrawn after sabotage. Nos. 119 & 123 withdrawn after incidents. No. 130 never in service due to Six-Day War. 1954–62
EMD G26 DE locomotive 12 [12] 1971–82
T44 DE locomotive 60 100 1 [13] EMD prime mover. 1989?
EMD GT26CW-2 DE locomotive 14 Number 701 is an original EMD unit delivered in 1989. In the mid-2010s Israel Railways purchased thirteen units from NRE which were completely rebuilt by TŽV Gredelj from 11 Croatian Railways HŽ series 2062 GT26 units plus 2 new frames and designated as NGT26CW-3 variants. They were delivered to Israel Railways between August 2015 and December 2017 and numbered 710–722. 1989, 2015–17
Alstom Prima JT 42CW DE locomotive 68 110 8 Series 702–709. EMD prime mover. 1996
Alstom Prima JT 42BW DE locomotive 87 140 48 Series 731–778. EMD prime mover. 1996–2006
GA DE900 locomotives DE locomotive 50 80 3 Series 261–263. Nowadays used only for shunting. Only non-EMD powered diesel locomotives in IR's fleet. 1997
Vossloh Euro 3200 DE locomotive 100 160 24 Series 1301–1324. With modifications capable of 200 km/h. EMD prime mover. 2011–13
Vossloh Euro 4000 DE locomotive 80 130 14 Series 1401–1414. EMD prime mover. 2011
Bombardier TRAXX P160 AC3 Electric locomotive 100 160 62 (32 options)[5] Ordered in 2015.[5] 25 kV 50 Hz AC operation. 6 MW electric output. Initial delivery began in 2017. 2017

Multiple Units

Class Image Top speed Number Remarks Built
mph km/h
ABB Scandia IC3 DMU 112[14] 180[14] 9 sets (42-50) The introduction of IC3-trains in the early 1990s marked the beginning of a political recommitment to major improvements in the services of Israel Railways.

Each IC3 set is composed of 3 cars and multiple sets may be joined together. Sets 42-50 purchased from SJ in 2005. 31 was scrapped after an incident near Revadim on 10 August 2006.[15] 19, 21, 25 possibly out of service.

1990
100[14] 160[14] 10 sets (01-10) 1992
31 sets (11-41) 1994–96
Siemens Desiro HC EMU 100 160 ~60 sets (330 cars) Siemens won tender in September 2017.[16][17] Tender called for two basic double-deck sets: short (composed of 4 cars) and long (6 cars). First delivery, consisting of three sets, took place in November 2020. 2019

Carriages

Class Image Type Top speed Number Remarks Built
mph km/h
Alstom single deck push-pull 100 160 37 Assembled in Israel by Haargaz. 5 generator/driving coaches, 32 carriages.[18] 1996
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull (DDPP)[19] 100 160 24 Driving- and generator trailer (PC-103) series 401–424. Two trailers out of operation[20] 2001–04
68 Coaches (TC-101) series 425–490. Four trailers out of operation[20] 2001–04
7 Driving- and generator trailer (PC-103) series 501–507.[20] 2005–06
18 Coaches (TC-101) series 521–538.[20] 2005–06
82 Coaches (TC-101) series 2201–2394.[20] 2005–06
Siemens Viaggio Light single deck push-pull[21][22] 100 160 87 Three types: standard coach (901-953[23]), standard coach with wheelchair accessible toilets (825-849[23]) and DVT with diesel generator (801-810[23]).[24] First stock in service on 8 March 2009[25] 2008
single deck push-pull[26] 31 2011
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull[27] 100 160 78 Further coaches were ordered from Bombardier in 2010. 2011
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull[28] 100 160 72 Ordered in 2012 and delivered from the end of March 2014. Similar in overall appearance to previous DDPP sets but capable of higher speeds and advanced safety measures (although previous Bombardier DDPP sets were later upgraded to these standards). First rolling stock capable of operating on Israel Railways' 25 kV 50 Hz electrified lines. 2014
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull 100 160 93 Twindexx. Similar in overall appearance to previous DDPP sets. Sixty Ordered in 2016 and a further 33 in mid-2017. 2018
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull 100 160 48 Twindexx. Similar in overall appearance to previous DDPP sets. Electric operation only (no diesel generator installed in control car). Ordered in late 2017. 2019
Bombardier Double-deck Coach double deck push-pull 100 160 74 Twindexx. Similar in overall appearance to previous DDPP sets. Ordered in May 2019. 2020

Retired

Class Image Type Top speed Number Remarks Built
mph km/h
Baldwin H class Steam locomotive 6 Series 7-12 (H2), 13-17 (H3), 33 of series 871–920. Taken over from Palestine Railways. Last went out of service in 1959 and scrapped in '60. 1918
NBL/Borsig Egyptian 545 class Steam locomotive 4 5 captured during 1956 Israeli invasion of Sinai on the former Palestine Railways main line between El Kantara East and Gaza: numbers 546, 550 and 557 (NBL) and numbers 607 and 613 (Borsig). 4 taken into stock and used them around Lod in central Israel for 1–2 years. Withdrawn and scrapped in 1959. 1928, 1931
NBL P class 4-6-0 Steam locomotive 6 Series 60–65. Taken over from Palestine Railways. Last went out of service in 1959 and scrapped in '60. Tender of 62 preserved in Railway Museum. 1935
LMS Stanier Class 8F Steam locomotive 23 Series around 70513. Taken over from Palestine Railways. Last went out of service in 1958. One (the 24th) stranded 8F, 70372 (NBL works no. 24680), on a small section of the main line near Tulkarm on the West Bank side of the 1949 Armistice line.It remained there, increasingly derelict, until after the 1967 Israeli 6 day war. The Israelis finally removed and scrapped it in about 1973. A similar 8F (a Turkish TCDD 45151 Class locomotive) preserved at Be'er Sheva Turkish Railway Station and numbered 70414. 1935–46
USATC S100 Class Steam locomotive 2 Number 21 &22 (class 957?). Transported from Europe to Suez in September 1942. To Palestine Railways, later Army. Later to Israel Railways.[29] 1 1942
SAFB (GM-EMD) DE locomotive 68 110 3 BoBo. In service until 1998.[18] First diesel locomotive in IR's service 1951–52
Esslingen DMU 12 Similar to German VT08. 3-car sets (powered coaches 1-12, intermediate coaches 1-12, driving coaches 1-12), some later extended to 4-unit sets (with intermediate coaches 13-22).[30] In the early sixties converted to non-powered coaches in push-pull service because of high maintenance costs. Withdrawn in 1979. Some carriages continued in regular services from 1992 until nineties as 111–117.[18] One trailer should be preserved by the Country Museum in Tel Aviv 1956
Esslingen DE locomotive 18 Series 211–229. Similar to DB Class V 60. In the mid-1960s, the Esslingen factory was closed. As a result, some almost-new locomotives were cannibalised for parts.[31] One example preserved at the Railway Museum and another at the Jezreel Valley railway heritage site in Elro'i. 1955–56
EMD G16 DE locomotive 3 Co-Co. During the Six-Day War Israel captured Egyptian Railways 3304, 3329 and 3361 which were appropriated into Israel Railways stock as numbers 301–303, later 161–163.[32] All have now been withdrawn from service but 163 (formerly ER 3361) is preserved at the Israel Railway Museum. 1960–61
O&K carriages 8 3rd class coaches similar to German Eilzugwagen. Seating however different with 2+3 seat arrangement and 96 seats.[33] 1955
Carel et Fouché [fr] CarF carriages 14 Picture: first carriage. Series 71-84 1961
Boris Kidrič/Metalka "Yugo" carriages 43 Series 601–643. 610 converted to half passenger carriage, half generator car. Some other were converted to full generator carriages.[34][35] 621 in 2009 used as office in red colors in Bnei Brak.[36] 1964–72
DEV-Inox Carel et Fouché carriages 8 Bought from SNCF in 1994 (Series 91-98). Original 1st class A9TJ-mainline carriage U64. Declassified to B10 1/2TJ in eighties. Scrapped in 2006.[37] 1 preserved in Railway Museum. 1965
British Railways Mark 2c TSO carriages 8 (13) Bought from British Railways in 1977 (Series 681-688 (ex BR 5567, 5570, 5575, 5580, 5588, 5593, 5606, 5612) and retro-fitted with air conditioning equipment. 1 preserved in Railway Museum.[18][38] In 1989, restaurant chain Apropo bought 5 Mk1 (BR 3947, 7675, 18768, 84338) and 1 Mk2 (5250) and shipped these to Israel, never to be used. 1970
FIAT 7225 Railcar 80 128 0 10 ordered. After 8 were finished, the order was cancelled for unclear reasons. Italian literature wrote because of the Yom Kippur War. All ten units were sold to Ferrocarril del Pacifico and Ferrocarril Chihuahua al Pacífico in Mexico,[39][40] where they entered service in 1975.[41] 1970/1973[41]

Organizational structure

In 2017, Israel Railways founded a Tunnels Unit that is responsible for the daily operation of railway tunnels, including lighting, air circulation, etc. and managing emergencies.[42]

Performance

Statistics
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004[43] 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Passengers (million) 1.6[44] 4.4 4.1 3.3 2.5 4.8 5.1 5.6 6.4 8.8 12.7 15.1 17.5 19.8 22.9 26.8 28.4 31.8 35.1 35.9 35.9 35.9 40.4 45[45] 48.5[46] 53[47] 59.5[48] 64.6[49] 67.7[50]
Revenue (passenger) (million NIS)[51][52] 53 86 250 644 636 617 683 761 796 835 847 753
Revenue (freight) (million NIS)[51][52] 180 212 213 112 147 148 136 146 161 160 186 177
Total Revenue (million NIS) 324 393 574 814 840 813 866 961 1,007 1,042 1,088
Passenger-kilometers (million)[51][52] 170 267 781 2,011 1,986 1,927 2,133 2,376 2,485 2,608 2,645
Train-kilometers (passenger, million)[51][52] 3.812 9.375 8.905 8.767 8.348 10.035 11.17 12.101 12.92
Train-kilometers (cargo, thousand)[51][52] 1,498 1,571 1,609 1,508 1,556 1,584 1,782 1,817 2,063
Ton-kilometers (cargo, million)[51][52] 1,173 799 1,062 1,099 1,011 1,058 1,165 1,155 1,404
Network length (km)[51][52][53] 940 858 926 1,001 1,035 1,079 1,138 1,153 1,194 1,277 1,337 1,384

Notable accidents

  • On 26 December 1963 two passenger trains on the formerly single-track main line linking Tel Aviv and Haifa collided head-on at Bet Yehoshua just south of Netanya.[54] The northbound train had passed a red signal and its locomotive rode over and crushed the locomotive of the southbound train.[55] None of the coaches was derailed but a coupler broke in the northbound train detaching the rear three coaches.[56] The continuous train brake should have then automatically stopped the detached coaches but it had not been connected properly so they started to roll back southwards.[56] 55 people were injured but only three seriously enough to be detained in hospital.[56] The two head-end crews survived but their locomotives, EMD G12s 105 and 118, were destroyed.[56]
  • HaBonim disaster: On 11 June 1985 a train collided with a bus carrying school children, killing 19 children and 3 adults, near moshav HaBonim.[57]
  • On 21 June 2005 an IC3 train crashed into a freight truck near kibbutz Revadim, killing 8 and injuring 198.[58]
  • 8 July 2005, a train collided with a truck between Kiryat Gat and Ahuzam, resulting the death of the train driver and 38 injuries.[59][60] On February 2012 a plea bargain had been set[61] for the Revadim crash.
  • On 12 June 2006 a train crashed into a truck near Beit Yehoshua, killing 5 and injuring from 77 to over 80.[62][63]
  • On 27 December 2009 a train crashed into a car near Kiryat Gat. The driver proceeded without regard to the train checkpoint on the road. The train struck his car and he was killed.[64]
  • On 5 August 2010 a train crashed into a minibus near Kiryat Gat, killing 7 and injuring 6. The minibus was hit at 19:05 GMT+3 on Route 353, apparently as it tried to pass over a level crossing.[65][66]
  • On 28 December 2010 a fire started in a train near kibbutz Yakum, probably because of a short circuit, injuring 116.[67]
  • On 7 April 2011 two trains collided frontally near Netanya, injuring 59.[68]
  • On 4 October 2013, two men walking along railroad tracks in the Emek Hefer valley industrial zone were killed by a train.[69]
  • On 18 December 2013, a Beersheba-bound train collided with a group of camels walking along railroad tracks at the Segev Shalom Junction in the Negev, killing 14 camels. The incident caused massive delays in train traffic.[70]
  • On 29 December 2013, an Israel Railways worker was run down and killed by a train near Lod.[71]
  • On 15 March 2016, an Israel Railways locomotive crashed into freight wagons, injuring 6.[72]

See also

Bibliography

  • Cotterell, Paul (1986). The Railways of Palestine and Israel. Tourret Publishing. ISBN 0-905878-04-3.

References

  1. ^ Jeremaya Goldberg: Israel reports 9% passenger increase in International Railway Journal, 2016-03-30, retrieved 4 April 2016
  2. ^ "Israel Railways – About Israel Railways". Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
  3. ^ "רכבת ישראל - הודעות דוברות - 2015–2016".
  4. ^ "Israel Railways to build Modi'in-Jerusalem rail link". Globes. 6 July 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  5. ^ a b c "Israel starts mainline electrification, orders Bombardier electric locomotives". Trains Magazine. 28 August 2015. Retrieved 29 August 2015.
  6. ^ "Karmiel - Akko railway line completed". Globes. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  7. ^ https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-millions-squandered-on-unrealistic-projects-1001270696
  8. ^ "New train from Tiberias to Tel Aviv in 1 hour". Ynetnews. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  9. ^ "Arad railway extension approved". Globes. 16 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  10. ^ Cotterell, 1984, page 136
  11. ^ Cotterell, 1984, page 137
  12. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (juni 1990), Swedish State Railways Class T44. Issue 8
  13. ^ a b c d "Israel". railfaneurope.net.
  14. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (juni 2009), Rolling stock news: IC3 set condemned. Series 19:4 issue 75
  15. ^ "Siemens selected for Israel Railways EMU order". Railway Gazette. 28 September 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  16. ^ Goldberg, Jeremaya (28 September 2017). "Siemens chosen for $US 1bn Israeli EMU order". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
  17. ^ a b c d "Israel Railways Modern Passenger Trains – English". angelfire.com.
  18. ^ "ISR orders more double-deckers". Railway Gazette. Retrieved 12 October 2010.
  19. ^ a b c d e "Tender Israel Railwaays 2013" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
  20. ^ "Viaggio". Siemens. Retrieved 20 February 2011.
  21. ^ "Siemens Israel / Mobility in Israel". Siemens. Archived from the original on 29 June 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2008.
  22. ^ a b c HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (juni 2009), Siemens Coach number. Series 22:1 issue 84
  23. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (September 2009), XXI Siemens Coaches in operation. Inititial impressions. Series 22:3 issue 86
  24. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (juni 2009), Siemens stock into service. Series 22:2 issue 85
  25. ^ "Israel Railways orders second batch of Siemens coaches". railwaygazette.com. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  26. ^ "ISR orders more double-deckers". Railway Gazette. Retrieved 12 June 2014.
  27. ^ "First electrification-ready stock delivered to Israel Railways". Railway Gazette. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  28. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (September 1992), WD/USA 0-6-0Ts in Palestina, 1942–46. Issue 18
  29. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (July 1990). Issue 9
  30. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (June 1992), The Esslingen shunters. Issue 17
  31. ^ Cotterell, Paul (1984). The Railways of Palestine and Israel. Abingdon: Tourret Publishing. p. 103. ISBN 0-905878-04-3.
  32. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (December 2009), 3rd. Class Passenger Coaches for the Israeli State Railways. Series 22:4 issue 87
  33. ^ "Israel Railways Passenger Trains – Details on Short Iron Carriage Types" (in Hebrew). Archived from the original on 9 October 2007. Retrieved 15 February 2008.
  34. ^ "General Information – Types of Rolling Stock in Use" (in Hebrew). Israel Railways. Archived from the original on 28 October 2007. Retrieved 15 February 2008.
  35. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (September 2009), News. Series 22:3 issue 86
  36. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (juni 2009), Rolling stock news: End of French coaches. Series 19:4 issue 75
  37. ^ "Picture Gallery". railfaneurope.net.
  38. ^ HaRakevet: Rothschild, Rabbi Walter (12-2007), A Quarterly Journal of the Railways of the Middle East
  39. ^ "SJK Postvagnen". postvagnen.com.
  40. ^ a b HaRakevet: Rothschild PhD, Rabbi Walter (December 2007), The mysterious Fiat railcars. Series 20:4 issue 79
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