Marawi

Coordinates: 8°00′11″N 124°17′06″E / 8.0031°N 124.285°E / 8.0031; 124.285
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Marawi
مراوى
Component City
Marawi City
Skyline of Marawi City
Skyline of Marawi City
Official seal of Marawi
Seal
Map of Lanao del Sur with Marawi City highlighted
Map of Lanao del Sur with Marawi City highlighted
Marawi is located in Philippines
Marawi
Marawi
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 8°00′11″N 124°17′06″E / 8.0031°N 124.285°E / 8.0031; 124.285
CountryPhilippines Philippines
RegionBangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
ProvinceLanao del Sur
Legislative district1st District of Lanao del Sur
Settled1639
IncorporatedMay 24, 1907
Cityhood1940
CharteredJune 16, 1956
Barangays96
Government
 • TypeCity government
 • MayorMajul Usman Gandamra
 • Vice MayorArafat Salic
Area
 [1]
 • Total87.55 km2 (33.80 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
700 m (2,300 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total207,010
 • Density2,400/km2 (6,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
9700
IDD : area code +63 (0)63
Income class4th city income class
PSGC153617000
Electorate79,244 voters (2022)
LanguagesMaranao, Cebuano, Filipino, Arabic, English

Marawi (Maranao: Inged san Marawi, Filipino: Lungsod Islamiko ng Marawi), often referred to as Marawi City, is the capital and the largest city of the province of Lanao del Sur on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 207,010.[3]

The people of Marawi are called the Maranaos and speak the Maranao language. They are named after Lake Lanao, which is called Meranau in the language, upon whose shores Marawi lies. The city is also called the Summer Capital of the South because of its higher elevation and cooler climate[4] – a nickname it shares with Malaybalay, which legally holds the title.

A Marawi crisis broke out in May 2017, and is continuing into June.

History

Marawi was founded as Dansalan in 1639 by the Spaniards led by Francisco Atienza who came from Iligan and were attempting to conquer the entire Lake Lanao area. However, it was abandoned later the same year when thousands of Maranao warriors invested the then-fortifying settlement, pressing the Spaniards hard and thus they returned to Iligan, having failed in their quest.[5] The Spaniards only returned to the area when they began the conquest of the Sultanate of Maguindanao in late 19th century, only to be abandoned once again when the Americans came there in 1900. It served as the capital of the undivided Lanao province from 1907 to 1940. Dansalan in Meranaw is a place where ships berth – a port of entry.

A Tribal leader of Marawi before Spanish colonization was "Datu Buadi Sa Kayo". He collected taxes in his era.

According to the late well-known Meranaw scholar Dr. Mamitua Saber, Marawi City got its charter in 1940. The granting of a charter to the old Dansalan municipality was jointly conceived by the Philippine Commonwealth President Manuel L. Quezon and Assemblyman, later Senator, Tomas L. Cabili. The changing of the official name from Dansalan to Marawi was through Congressional amendment of the Charter in 1956 sponsored by Sen. Domocao Alonto. This is embodied by Republic Act No. 1552 dated June 16, 1956.

The renaming of the city as "Islamic City of Marawi" was proposed by Parliamentary Bill No. 261 in the defunct Batasang Pambansa, the former parliament of the Philippines during the Marcos regime, reportedly to attract funds from the Middle East.[4]

2017 Battle of Marawi

Main article: Marawi crisis

On May 23, 2017, a pro-Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant group called the Maute group attacked the city. The battle is ongoing as of June 10. CNN Philippines reports that the militants have about 500 men.[6] Philippine President Duterte has declared Martial Law on the island of Mindanao, where the fighting is taking place.[7]

Traditional Royal Sultans of Marawi City

  • Sulotan sa Marawi ("Isa ko Tlo a Muntiya")
  • Datu sa Marawi ("Isa ko Tlo a Muntiya")
  • Sulotan sa Guimba
  • Sulotan sa Madaya
  • Sulotan sa Sunggod
  • Sulotan sa Punod
  • Sulotan sa Bacolod
  • Sulotan sa Dansalan
  • Masirikampo sa Marawi ("Isa ko Tlo a Muntiya")

Geography

Lake Lanao from Marawi

Marawi City has a total land area of 8,755 hectares (21,630 acres). [1] It is located on the shores of Lake Lanao and straddles the area where the Agus River starts. It is bounded to the north by the municipalities of Kapai and Saguiaran; to the south by Lake Lanao; to the east by the municipalities of Bubong and Ditsaan-Ramain; and to the west by the municipalities of Marantao and Saguiaran.[4]

Topography

Mountains, rolling hills, valleys and a large placid lake dominate the city's landscape. Angoyao Hills (Brgy. Sogod) served as natural viewpoint over the water of the Lake Lanao. Signal Hill (Brgy. Matampay), Arumpac Hill (Brgy. Saduc) and Mt. Mupo (Brgy. Guimba) are considered beautiful but mysterious. Mt. Mupo, located within the Sacred Mountain National Park, is known for its untouched trees and beautiful, perfect cone.[citation needed]

Barangays

Marawi City is politically subdivided into 96 barangays.[8]

  • Ambolong
  • Bacolod Chico Proper
  • Banga
  • Bangco
  • Banggolo Poblacion
  • Bangon
  • Beyaba-Damag
  • Bito Buadi Itowa
  • Bito Buadi Parba
  • Bubonga Pagalamatan
  • Bubonga Lilod Madaya
  • Boganga
  • Boto Ambolong
  • Bubonga Cadayonan
  • Bubong Lumbac
  • Bubonga Marawi
  • Bubonga Punod
  • Cabasaran
  • Cabingan
  • Cadayonan
  • Cadayonan II
  • Calocan East
  • Calocan West
  • Kormatan Matampay
  • Daguduban
  • Dansalan
  • Datu Saber (Navarro)
  • Datu Sa Dansalan
  • Dayawan
  • Dimaluna
  • Dulay
  • Dulay West
  • East Basak
  • Emie Punud
  • Fort
  • Gadongan
  • Buadi Sacayo (Green)
  • Guimba (Lilod Proper)
  • Kapantaran
  • Kilala
  • Lilod Madaya (Pob.)
  • Lilod Saduc
  • Lomidong
  • Lumbaca Madaya (Pob.)
  • Lumbac Marinaut
  • Lumbaca Toros
  • Malimono
  • Basak Malutlut
  • Gadongan Mapantao
  • Amito Marantao
  • Marinaut East
  • Marinaut West
  • Matampay
  • Pantaon (Langcaf)
  • Mipaga Proper
  • Moncado Colony
  • Mocado Kadingilan
  • Moriatao Loksadato
  • Datu Naga
  • Olawa Ambolong
  • Pagalamatan Gambai
  • Pagayawan
  • Panggao Saduc
  • Papandayan
  • Papandayan Caniogan
  • Paridi
  • Patani
  • Pindolonan
  • Poona Marantao
  • Puga-an
  • Rapasun MSU
  • Raya Madaya I
  • Raya Madaya II
  • Raya Saduc
  • Rorogagus Proper
  • Rorogagus East
  • Sabala Manao
  • Sabala Manao Proper
  • Saduc Proper
  • Sagonsongan
  • Sangcay Dansalan
  • Somiorang
  • South Madaya Proper
  • Sugod Proper
  • Tampilong
  • Timbangalan
  • Tuca Ambolong
  • Tolali
  • Toros
  • Tuca
  • Tuca Marinaut
  • Tongantongan-Tuca Timbangalan
  • Wawalayan Calocan
  • Wawalayan Marinaut
  • Marawi Poblacion
  • Norhaya Village

Mayors after People Power Revolution 1986

3

Vice Mayors after People Power Revolution 1986

3

Prominent families involved in local politics[citation needed]

2

Climate

Due to its high elevation, with the elevation along Lake Lanao at around 2,300 feet (700 m),[2] Marawi's weather is cool (in tropical terms) and pleasant, distinguished by an even distribution of rainfall throughout the year.

Climate data for Marawi City, Philippines
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 27.5
(81.5) 		27.9
(82.2) 		28.8
(83.8) 		29.4
(84.9) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.1
(82.6) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.6
(81.7) 		27.7
(81.9) 		28.1
(82.6) 		28.2
(82.8) 		27.9
(82.2) 		28.1
(82.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 17.8
(64.0) 		17.8
(64.0) 		18.0
(64.4) 		18.6
(65.5) 		19.0
(66.2) 		19.1
(66.4) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.6
(65.5) 		18.3
(64.9) 		18.2
(64.8) 		18.4
(65.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 158
(6.2) 		133
(5.2) 		135
(5.3) 		176
(6.9) 		299
(11.8) 		357
(14.1) 		270
(10.6) 		238
(9.4) 		327
(12.9) 		272
(10.7) 		226
(8.9) 		200
(7.9) 		2,791
(109.9)
Source: Climate-data.org[9]

Demographics

Population census of Marawi
YearPop.±% p.a.
1918 6,005—    
1939 11,319+3.06%
1948 19,657+6.32%
1960 27,049+2.70%
1970 55,708+7.48%
1975 63,332+2.61%
1980 53,812−3.20%
1990 91,901+5.50%
1995 114,389+4.19%
2000 131,090+2.96%
2007 177,391+4.26%
2010 187,106+1.96%
2015 201,785+1.45%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[10][11][12][13]


Language

Maranao or Meranaw is widely spoken in Marawi City, however, local inhabitants can also speak Filipino, Cebuano, English and Arabic .

Religion

File:Marawi City.jpg
Islamic Center in Brgy. Pangarungan, Marawi City

Marawi City is predominantly Muslim city which accounts for 99.6% of the population.[4] Sharia criminal law exists but without stoning, amputations, flagellations or other Islamic punishments as they are against the law of the Philippines. The distribution of alcoholic products and gambling is forbidden and women must cover their heads, though non-Muslims are exempted from this rule. Other than sharia law in personal matters, these laws are not applicable elsewhere in Lanao del Sur.[citation needed]

Economy

The economy of Marawi City is largely based on agriculture, trading and exporting. Most industries in the city are agriculture-oriented. They include rice and corn farming, hollow blocks manufacturing, goldsmithing, and saw milling. Small and cottage-size enterprises are engaged in garment making, mat and malong weaving, wood carving, brassware making, web development, and blacksmithing.[4]

Apart from that, Marawi City is home to NPC - Agus 1 Hydro Electric Power Plant and the first of the six cascading Agus Hydro Power Plants.

Points of interest

Name[4] Location Description
Aga Khan Museum of Islamic Arts Mindanao State University Named in honor of Sultan Aga Khan who contributed to the realization of the museum. Historical development of the country is bank on the large space upon the conservation of cultural materials. It has huge, collection of indigenous art, displayed ethnic music tape recorded, the native folk dances from different regions of Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan, the native tools and weapons used by the Muslims and different artistic designs of houses are the main attractions of museum. Indigenous art and cultural material are being displayed.
Agus River Saduc and Lilod, Marawi City The swiftest river in the country is the outlet of Lake Lanao to Iligan Bay. Along the way is the cataract Maria Cristina Falls.
Bagang Beach Caloocan, Marawi City It is located 2 meters away from the commercial site of the city; filled rocks and boulders, trees in the lakeside that served benches and the latter as shades. Besides are floating woods, where the local residents take a bath and ablution. Ideal for picnics, nice place for boating and swimming because of its clear water.
Dansalan Junior College Marawi City Founded by the American Protestants after World War II. It served as the premiere secondary institution of the province and produced some of the best leaders of Lanao del Sur.
Kilometer Zero Point Marker Marawi City An important landmark in Lanao del Sur, from which all distances in Mindanao are measured, similar to the Kilometre zero marker at the Rizal Park in Manila.
Lake Lanao All around Lanao Del Sur Marawi is located in the rolling terrain commanding majestic view of the Lake Lanao. The largest lake in Mindanao and one of the deepest in the Philippines. It is one of the 15 ancient lakes of the world.
Mindanao State University Marawi City Marawi City draws the most number of visitors within Lanao del Sur in which the MSU is located. Founded in 1961, it serves as an educational institute and a center of social and cultural integration.[14]
MSU Golf Course Mindanao State University A 9-hole course laid out on the gentle greenery of Mindanao State University.
Moncado Colony Mocado, Kadinguilan Named in honor of Hilario Camino Moncado, a Filipino, leader, an organizer, author of books and lecturer of humanities. He graduated with honor at the age of nine at India College of Mystery and Psychics. Moncado monuments and wild animals monuments can be found here before the late Dr.Mahid Miraato Mutilan formerly Mayor of Islamic City of Marawi.
Sacred Mountain National Park Brgys. Guimba and Papandayan The 94-hectare (230-acre) national park and protected area was established on August 5, 1965 by Republic Act no. 4190.[15] The park is dominated by Mount Mupo, a 900-foot (270 m) tall[16] extinct volcanic cone. The park is ideal for birdwatching and mountain climbing to the summit that features a small pond.[17]

Architecture

The feeling of the unique natural setting of the Maranaos in Marawi City is manifested by the presence of many large Torogans, an antique royal high-roofed houses with carvings designed by the Meranau, and Amai Sambitory old Buildings in Barrio Naga in front of Tuaka Laput, Marawi City.

Education

Marawi is home to the main campus of Mindanao State University, the biggest state university in Mindanao and next to University of the Philippines. Other institutions/colleges are well established in the city and are as follows:

2

Other notable secondary schools are:

2

TESDA is also stationed in Marawi City which caters to technical training of students for the province.

Sister Cities

 Philippines Malaybalay City
Iligan City
Zamboanga City
Cotabato City
Lamitan City
Butuan City
Cagayan de Oro City

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Province: Lanao del Sur". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  2. ^ a b "Marawi City terrain". Google Maps. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
  3. ^ a b Census of Population (2020). "Bangsamoro (BARMM)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Administrator (2010-06-04). "Islamic City of Marawi". Government of the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao Website. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
  5. ^ History of Iligan - During Spanish times
  6. ^ "Gov't forces, Maute group clash in Marawi City". CNN Philippines. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  7. ^ "Duterte declares martial law in Philippines amid terror clashes". UPI. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
  8. ^ "Marawi City (Capital)". PSGC Interactive - NSCB. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
  9. ^ Climate data: Marawi City - Climate-data.org
  10. ^ Census of Population (2015). "ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  11. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  12. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "ARMM – Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ "Province of Lanao del Sur". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  14. ^ Mindanao State University Marawi City, Philippines
  15. ^ "Protected Areas in Region 12". Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
  16. ^ "Sacred Mountain National Park". Google Maps. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.
  17. ^ "Marawi, Islamic City of". Biyahero, Philippine Travel Portal. Retrieved on 2012-01-27.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Marawi.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marawi.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marawi&oldid=787208766"