April 11

April 11 in recent years

2024 (Thursday)

2023 (Tuesday)

2022 (Monday)

2021 (Sunday)

2020 (Saturday)

2019 (Thursday)

2018 (Wednesday)

2017 (Tuesday)

2016 (Monday)

2015 (Saturday)

April 11 is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 264 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

• 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.
• 1079 – Bishop Stanislaus of Kraków is executed by order of Bolesław II of Poland.
• 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Muhi.
• 1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: French forces led by Gaston de Foix win the Battle of Ravenna.
• 1544 – French forces defeat a Spanish army at the Battle of Ceresole.
• 1689 – William III and Mary II are crowned as joint sovereigns of Britain.
• 1713 – War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War): Treaty of Utrecht.
• 1727 – Premiere of Johann Sebastian Bach's St Matthew Passion BWV 244b at the St. Thomas Church, Leipzig
• 1775 – The last execution for witchcraft in Germany takes place.
• 1809 – Battle of the Basque Roads Naval battle fought between France and the United Kingdom
• 1814 – The Treaty of Fontainebleau ends the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon Bonaparte, and forces him to abdicate unconditionally for the first time.
• 1856 – Battle of Rivas: Juan Santamaria burns down the hostel where William Walker's filibusters are holed up.
• 1868 – Former Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu surrenders Edo Castle to Imperial forces, marking the end of the Tokugawa shogunate.
• 1876 – The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks is organized.
• 1881 – Spelman College is founded in Atlanta, Georgia as the Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary, an institute of higher education for African-American women.
• 1888 – The Concertgebouw in Amsterdam is inaugurated.
• 1908 – SMS Blücher, the last armored cruiser to be built by the German Imperial Navy, launches.
• 1919 – The International Labour Organization is founded.
• 1921 – Emir Abdullah establishes the first centralised government in the newly created British protectorate of Transjordan.
• 1945 – World War II: American forces liberate the Buchenwald concentration camp.
• 1951 – Korean War: President Harry Truman relieves General of the Army Douglas MacArthur of overall command in Korea.
• 1951 – The Stone of Scone, the stone upon which Scottish monarchs were traditionally crowned, is found on the site of the altar of Arbroath Abbey. It had been taken by Scottish nationalist students from its place in Westminster Abbey.
• 1952 – The Battle of Nanri Island takes place.
• 1954 – The most boring day since 1900 according to the True Knowledge Answer Engine
• 1955 – The Air India Kashmir Princess is bombed and crashes in a failed assassination attempt on Zhou Enlai by the Kuomintang.
• 1957 – United Kingdom agrees to Singaporean self-rule.
• 1961 – The trial of Adolf Eichmann begins in Jerusalem.
• 1965 – The Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965: Fifty-one tornadoes hit in six Midwestern states, killing 256 people.
• 1968 – President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1968, prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing.
• 1970 – Apollo 13 is launched.
• 1972 – First edition of the BBC comedy panel game I'm Sorry I Haven't A Clue is broadcast, one of the longest running British radio shows in history.
• 1976 – The Apple I is created.
• 1979 – Ugandan dictator Idi Amin is deposed.
• 1981 – A massive riot in Brixton, South London, results in almost 300 police injuries and 65 serious civilian injuries.
• 1987 – The London Agreement is secretly signed between Israeli Foreign Affairs Minister Shimon Peres and King Hussein of Jordan.
• 1989 – Ron Hextall becomes the first goaltender in NHL history to score a goal in the playoffs.
• 1990 – Customs officers in Middlesbrough, England, United Kingdom, say they have seized what they believe to be the barrel of a massive gun on a ship bound for Iraq.
• 1993 – 450 prisoners rioted at the Southern Ohio Correctional Facility in Lucasville, Ohio, and continued to do so for ten days, citing grievances related to prison conditions, as well as the forced vaccination of Nation of Islam prisoners (for tuberculosis) against their religious beliefs.
• 2001 – The detained crew of a United States EP-3E aircraft that landed in Hainan, China after a collision with a J-8 fighter is released.
• 2002 – The Ghriba synagogue bombing by Al Qaeda kills 21 in Tunisia.
• 2002 – Over two hundred thousand people marched in Caracas towards the Presidential Palace of Miraflores, to demand the resignation of president Hugo Chavez. 19 of the protesters are killed, and the Minister of Defense Gral. Lucas Rincon announced Hugo Chavez resignation on national TV.
• 2006 – Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announces that Iran has successfully enriched uranium.
• 2007 – 2007 Algiers bombings: Two bombings in the Algerian capital of Algiers, kills 33 people and wounds a further 222 others.
• 2011 – 2011 Minsk Metro bombing
• 2012 – A magnitude 8.2 earthquake hit Indonesia, off northern Sumatra at a depth of 16.4 km. After that there are still more continuation earthquake. Tsunami had hit the island of Nias at Indonesia.

Births

• 145 – Septimius Severus, Roman Emperor (d. 211)
• 1357 – John I of Portugal (d. 1433)
• 1374 – Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March (d. 1398)
• 1492 – Marguerite of Navarre, wife of Henry II of Navarre (d. 1549)
• 1592 – John Eliot, English statesman (d. 1632)
• 1715 – John Alcock, English organist and composer (d. 1806)
• 1721 – David Zeisberger, Moravian missionary (d. 1808)
• 1722 – Christopher Smart, English poet (d. 1771)
• 1755 – James Parkinson, English physician (d. 1824)
• 1770 – George Canning, British statesman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1827)
• 1794 – Edward Everett, American politician and educator, 15th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1865)
• 1798 – Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist (d. 1854)
• 1810 – Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1st Baronet, English army officer, politician, and Orientalist(d. 1895)
• 1819 – Charles Hallé, German pianist and conductor (d. 1895)
• 1825 – Ferdinand Lassalle, German politician (d. 1864)
• 1827 – Mahatma Jyotirao Phule, Indian social reformer (d. 1890)
• 1852 – Cap Anson, American baseball player (d. 1922)
• 1856 – Arthur Shrewsbury, English cricketer (d. 1903)
• 1859 – Stefanos Thomopoulos, Greek writer and historian (d. 1939)
• 1862 – Charles Evans Hughes, American statesman, lawyer and politician, 11th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1948)
• 1862 – William Wallace Campbell, American astronomer (d. 1938)
• 1866 – Bernard O'Dowd, Australian poet (d. 1953)
• 1867 – Mark Keppel, American educator, Superintendent of Schools of Los Angeles County (d. 1928)
• 1869 – Kasturba Gandhi, Indian activist, wife of Mohandas Gandhi (d. 1944)
• 1869 – Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (d. 1943)
• 1873 – Edward Lawson, English private, recipient of the Victoria Cross (d. 1955)
• 1876 – Paul Henry, Irish artist (d. 1958)
• 1876 – Ivane Javakhishvili, Georgian historian (d. 1940)
• 1887 – Jack Phillips, British wireless telegraphist (d. 1912)
• 1887 – Jamini Roy, Indian-Bengali painter (d. 1972)
• 1888 – Donald Calthrop, English actor (d. 1940)
• 1889 – Nick LaRocca, American jazz trumpeter and bandleader (Original Dixieland Jass Band) (d. 1961)
• 1890 – Rachele Mussolini, Italian author and wife of Benito Mussolini (d. 1979)
• 1893 – Dean Acheson, American statesman (d. 1971)
• 1896 – Léo-Paul Desrosiers, Canadian novelist (d. 1967)
• 1899 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist (d. 1975)
• 1900 – Sandor Marai, Hungarian writer (d. 1989)
• 1904 – Kundan Lal Saigal, Indian singer and actor (d. 1947)
• 1905 – József Attila, Hungarian poet (d. 1937)
• 1906 – Dale Messick, American cartoonist (d. 2005)
• 1907 – Paul Douglas, American actor (d. 1959)
• 1907 – Ivor Spencer-Thomas, English farmer and entrepreneur (d. 2001)
• 1908 – Jane Bolin, American judge, first African-American woman to graduate from Yale Law School and to join the New York City Bar Association (d. 2007)
• 1908 – Masaru Ibuka, Japanese industrialist (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Dan Maskell, English tennis commentator (d. 1992)
• 1908 – Leo Rosten, American humorist and author (d. 1997)
• 1910 – António de Spínola, Portuguese politician (d. 1996)
• 1912 – John Levy, African-American jazz double-bassist and businessman (d. 2012)
• 1913 – Oleg Cassini, American fashion designer (d. 2006)
• 1914 – Norman McLaren, Canadian animator and director (d. 1987)
• 1914 – Robert Stanfield, Canadian politician, 17th Premier of Nova Scotia (d. 2003)
• 1916 – Alberto Ginastera, Argentine composer (d. 1983)
• 1916 – Howard W. Koch, American director (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Danny Gallivan, Canadian sportscaster (d. 1993)
• 1917 – David Westheimer, American novelist (d. 2005)
• 1918 – Richard Wainwright, English politician (d. 2003)
• 1920 – Peter O'Donnell, British writer (d. 2010)
• 1921 – Jim Hearn, American baseball player (d. 1998)
• 1923 – George J. Maloof, Sr., American businessman (d. 1980)
• 1925 – Pierre Péladeau, Canadian businessman, founder of Quebecor Inc. (d. 1997)
• 1926 – Victor Bouchard, Canadian pianist and composer (d. 2011)
• 1928 – Ethel Kennedy, American wife of Robert F. Kennedy
• 1930 – Nicholas F. Brady, American political figure, 68th United States Secretary of the Treasury
• 1930 – Anton LaVey, American writer, occultist, and musician, founder of the Church of Satan (d. 1997)
• 1931 – Johnny Sheffield, American actor (d. 2010)
• 1931 – Koichi Sugiyama, Japanese composer
• 1932 – Joel Grey, American actor, singer, and dancer
• 1933 – Tony Brown, American journalist
• 1934 – Mark Strand, Canadian-American poet
• 1935 – Richard Berry, American singer and songwriter (The Flairs) (d. 1997)
• 1935 – Richard Kuklinski, American contract killer (d. 2006)
• 1938 – Michael Deaver, American political figure, Deputy White House Chief of Staff (d. 2007)
• 1938 – Kurt Moll, German opera singer
• 1939 – Louise Lasser, American actress
• 1941 – Ellen Goodman, American columnist
• 1941 – Shirley Stelfox, English actress
• 1943 – Harley Race, American wrestler
• 1944 – Peter Barfuß, German footballer
• 1944 – John Milius, American director and writer
• 1946 – Bob Harris, British disc jockey and presenter
• 1946 – Laurie Faso, American actor and game show host
• 1947 – Peter Riegert, American actor
• 1947 – Uli Edel, German director
• 1947 – Frank Mantooth, American jazz pianist and arranger
• 1947 – Meshach Taylor, American actor
• 1947 – Lev Bulat, Russian physicist
• 1949 – Bernd Eichinger, German director and producer (d. 2011)
• 1949 – Carl Franklin, American actor
• 1950 – Tom Hill, English bass guitarist, songwriter and businessman (Geordie)
• 1950 – Bill Irwin, American actor
• 1951 – Doris Angleton, American socialite and murder victim (d. 1997)
• 1951 – Paul Fox, English guitarist (The Ruts) (d. 2007)
• 1951 – James Patrick Kelly, American author
• 1952 – Peter Windsor, English journalist and reporter
• 1952 – Nancy Honeytree, American singer and guitarist
• 1953 – Andrew Wiles, British mathematician
• 1953 – Guy Verhofstadt, Belgian politician, Prime Minister of Belgium
• 1954 – Abdullah Atalar, Turkish scientist and academic
• 1955 – Kevin Brady, American politician
• 1955 – Michael Callen, American singer-songwriter, composer, author, and activist (The Flirtations) (d. 1993)
• 1955 – Micheal Ray Richardson, American basketball player
• 1955 – Neville Staple, Jamaican singer (The Specials, Fun Boy Three, and Special Beat)
• 1957 – Michael Card, American singer-songwriter, musician, author, and radio host
• 1957 – Richard Sevigny, Canadian hockey player
• 1958 – Stuart Adamson, English-Scottish singer-songwriter, and musician (The Skids, Big Country, and The Raphaels) (d. 2001)
• 1959 – Pierre Lacroix, Canadian hockey player
• 1959 – Ana María Polo, Cuban-American lawyer and arbitrator
• 1960 – Jeremy Clarkson, British journalist
• 1961 – Doug Hopkins, American musician and songwriter (Gin Blossoms) (d. 1993)
• 1962 – Vincent Gallo, American actor
• 1963 – Chris Ferguson, American poker player
• 1963 – Billy Bowden, New Zealand cricket umpire
• 1963 – Nigel Pulsford, British guitarist (Bush)
• 1964 – Steve Azar, American singer-songwriter, and guitarist
• 1964 – Bret Saberhagen, American baseball player
• 1964 – Johann Sebastian Paetsch, American cellist
• 1966 – Mason Reese, American actor
• 1966 – Steve Scarsone, American baseball player
• 1966 – Lisa Stansfield, English singer and songwriter (Blue Zone UK)
• 1968 – Sergey Lukyanenko, Russian author
• 1969 – Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer and songwriter (Catatonia)
• 1969 – Chisato Moritaka, Japanese singer, songwriter, and actress
• 1969 – Dustin Rhodes, American wrestler
• 1969 – Michael von Grünigen, Swiss alpine skier
• 1970 – Trevor Linden, Canadian hockey player
• 1970 – Dylan Keefe,American bassist (Marcy Playground)
• 1970 – Delroy Pearson, British singer and songwriter (Five Star)
• 1970 – Johnny Messner, American actor
• 1971 – Oliver Riedel, German musician (Rammstein and The Inchtabokatables)
• 1971 – Vicellous Reon Shannon, American actor
• 1972 – Balls Mahoney, American wrestler
• 1972 – Allan Théo, French singer
• 1972 – Jason Varitek, American baseball player
• 1973 – Jennifer Esposito, American actress
• 1974 – Àlex Corretja, Spanish tennis player
• 1974 – Ashot Danielyan, Armenian weightlifter
• 1974 – Anton Glanzelius, Swedish actor
• 1974 – Tricia Helfer, Canadian model and actor
• 1974 – Zöe Lucker, British actor
• 1974 – Trot Nixon, American baseball player
• 1974 – David Jassy, Swedish musician, songwriter, and producer (Navigators)
• 1975 – Walid Soliman, Tunisian author
• 1976 – Kelvim Escobar, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1977 – Ivonne Teichmann, German athlete
• 1978 – Brett Claywell, American actor
• 1978 – Josh Hancock, American baseball player (d. 2007)
• 1978 – Tom Thacker, Canadian singer and musician (Gob, Sum 41, and The McRackins)
• 1979 – Nazanin Afshin-Jam, Iranian-Canadian model, singer, and activist, Miss World Canada 2003
• 1979 – Malcolm Christie, English footballer
• 1979 – Chris Gaylor, American drummer (The All-American Rejects)
• 1979 – Sebastien Grainger, Canadian singer and musician (Death from Above 1979)
• 1979 – Michel Riesen, Swiss hockey player
• 1979 – Josh Server, American actor
• 1979 – María Elena Swett, Chilean actress
• 1980 – Keiji Tamada, Japanese footballer
• 1980 – Mark Teixeira, American baseball player
• 1980 – Festus Baise, Nigerian footballer
• 1981 – Alessandra Ambrosio, Brazilian model
• 1981 – Alexandre Burrows, Canadian hockey player
• 1982 – Ian Bell, English cricketer
• 1982 – Danja, American record producer, composer, and songwriter
• 1983 – Jessica Burciaga, American model
• 1983 – Joanna Douglas, Canadian actress
• 2000 – Morgan Lily, American actress
• 2002 – Alexa Gerasimovich, American actress

Deaths

• 1034 – Romanos III Argyros, Byzantine emperor (b. 968)
• 1165 – Stephen IV of Hungary (b. 1133)
• 1240 – Llywelyn the Great (b. 1172)
• 1554 – Thomas Wyatt the younger, English rebel (b. 1521)
• 1612 – Emanuel van Meteren, Flemish historian (b. 1535)
• 1612 – Edward Wightman, English preacher (b. 1566)
• 1626 – Marin Getaldić, Croatian mathematician (b. 1568)
• 1712 – Richard Simon, French critic (b. 1638)
• 1723 – John Robinson, English diplomat (b. 1650)
• 1798 – Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet (b. 1725)
• 1856 – Juan Santamaría, Costa Rican soldier and national hero (b. 1831)
• 1861 – Francisco González Bocanegra, Mexican poet (b. 1824)
• 1873 – Edward Canby, American general (b. 1817)
• 1890 – Joseph Merrick, English man with severe deformities, "The Elephant Man" (b. 1862)
• 1894 – Constantin Lipsius, German architect (b. 1832)
• 1903 – Gemma Galgani, Italian mystic and saint (b. 1878)
• 1906 – James Anthony Bailey, American circus impresario (b. 1847)
• 1906 – Francis Pharcellus Church, American editor and publisher (b. 1839)
• 1908 – Henry Bird, English chess player and author (b. 1829)
• 1916 – Richard Harding Davis, American author (b. 1864)
• 1926 – Luther Burbank, American botanist and horticulturist (b. 1849)
• 1947 – Louise Peete, American serial killer (b. 1880)
• 1953 – Kid Nichols, American baseball player (b. 1869)
• 1958 – Konstantin Yuon, Russian painter (b. 1875)
• 1962 – Ukichiro Nakaya, Japanese physicist (b. 1900)
• 1962 – George Poage, African American athlete (b. 1880)
• 1967 – Donald Sangster, Jamaican politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Jamaica (b. 1911)
• 1970 – Cathy O'Donnell, American actress (b. 1923)
• 1970 – John O'Hara, American author (b. 1905)
• 1977 – Jacques Prévert, French poet and screenwriter (b. 1900)
• 1983 – Dolores del Río, Mexican actress (b. 1905)
• 1983 – Ahmed Rushdi, Pakistani singer
• 1985 – Enver Hoxha, Albanian Stalinist dictator (b. 1908)
• 1985 – Bunny Ahearne, British hockey promoter (b. 1900)
• 1987 – Erskine Caldwell, American author (b. 1903)
• 1987 – Primo Levi, Italian chemist and author (b. 1919)
• 1990 – Harold Ballard, Canadian hockey club owner and executive (b. 1903)
• 1991 – Walker Cooper, American baseball player (b. 1915)
• 1991 – Bruno Hoffmann. German glass harmonica player (b. 1913)
• 1992 – James Brown, American actor (b. 1920)
• 1992 – Eve Merriam, American playwright, director, and poet (b. 1916)
• 1992 – Alejandro Obregón, Colombian painter (b. 1920)
• 1996 – Jessica Dubroff, American pilot (b. 1988)
• 1997 – Muriel McQueen Fergusson, Canadian Senator (b. 1899)
• 2000 – Diana Darvey, British actress, singer and dancer (b. 1945)
• 2001 – Sandy Bull, American musician (b. 1941)
• 2001 – Harry Secombe, Welsh actor and comedian (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Cecil Howard Green, British geophysicist and businessman (b. 1900)
• 2005 – André François, French cartoonist (b. 1915)
• 2005 – Lucien Laurent, French footballer (b. 1907)
• 2006 – June Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters) (b. 1953)
• 2006 – Proof, American rapper (D12) (b. 1973)
• 2007 – Roscoe Lee Browne, American actor (b. 1925)
• 2007 – Loïc Leferme, French race car diver (b. 1970)
• 2007 – Janet McDonald, American novelist (b. 1954)
• 2007 – Ronald Speirs, American Army officer (b. 1920)
• 2007 – Kurt Vonnegut, American author (b. 1922)
• 2008 – Merlin German, American Marine sergeant (b. 1985)
• 2009 – Corín Tellado, Spanish novelist (b. 1927)
• 2009 – Gerda Gilboe, Danish actress (b. 1914)
• 2010 – Julia Tsenova, Bulgarian composer and pianist (b. 1948)
• 2011 – La Esterella, Flemish singer (b. 1919)
• 2011 – Larry Sweeney, American wrestler (b. 1981)
• 2011 – Jean S. MacLeod (aka Catherine Airlie), Scottish writer (b. 1908)
• 2012 – Agustin Roman, American Bishop (b. 1928)
• 2012 – Moses Majekodunmi, Nigerian politician (b. 1916)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Antipas of Pergamum (Greek Orthodox Church)
  • Gemma Galgani
  • Godeberta
  • Guthlac
  • Stanislaus of Szczepanów
  • April 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Juan Santamaría Day, anniversary of his death in the Second Battle of Rivas. (Costa Rica)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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