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Plano, Texas
City
City of Plano
Granite Park in May 2011
Granite Park in May 2011
Flag of Plano, Texas
Flag
Official logo of Plano, Texas
Nickname: 
Gymnastics Capital of the World[1]
Location of Plano in Collin County, Texas
Location of Plano in Collin County, Texas
Country United States of America
State Texas
Counties Collin
 Denton
Incorporated1873
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager
 • City councilMayor Harry LaRosiliere
 • City managerBruce D. Glasscock
Area
 • City71.6 sq mi (185.5 km2)
 • Land71.6 sq mi (185.5 km2)
 • Water0.1 sq mi (0.2 km2)
Elevation
675 ft (206 m)
Population
 (2012)
 • City269,776 (city proper)
 • Density3,820.2/sq mi (1,474.99/km2)
 • Metro
6,426,214 (DFW Metroplex)
 • Demonym
Planoite
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
75023-26, 75074-75, 75086, 75093-94
Area code(s)214, 469, 972
FIPS code48-58016[2]
GNIS feature ID1344166[3]
Websitewww.plano.gov

Plano (/ˈpleɪnoʊ/ play-noh) is a city in the state of Texas, located mostly within Collin County. The city's population was 269,776 at the 2010 census, making it the ninth most populous city in the state of Texas (Corpus Christi is ranked at #8 and Laredo is ranked at #10) and the 70th most populous city in the United States.[4] Plano is located within the metropolitan area commonly referred to as the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The city is home to many corporate headquarters: Alliance Data, Cinemark Theatres, Dell Services, Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Ericsson, Frito-Lay, HP Enterprise Services, Huawei, J. C. Penney, Pizza Hut, Rent-A-Center, Traxxas, Siemens PLM Software, and Toyota Motors USA.

In 2005, 2006, and 2011, Plano was designated the best place to live in the Western United States by CNN Money magazine. In 2006, Plano was selected as the 11th best place to live in the United States by CNN Money magazine.[5] It was also selected as the safest city in America in 2010[6] and 2011 by Forbes.[7] Plano schools consistently score among the highest in the nation.[8] It has been rated as the wealthiest city in the United States by CNN Money,[9] and the United States Census Bureau declared Plano the wealthiest city of 2008 by comparing the median household income for all U.S. cities whose populations were greater than 250,000.[10] In 2008, Forbes.com selected Plano, University Park, and Highland Park as the three "Top Suburbs To Live Well" of Dallas.[11] The annual Plano Balloon Festival and the Plano International Festival are two of the city's premiere cultural and entertainment events.

History

Plano, Texas in 1891. Toned lithograph by A.E. Downs, Boston. Published by T. M. Fowler & James B. Moyer. Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas

Settlers came to the area near present-day Plano in the early 1840s.[12] Facilities such as a sawmill, a gristmill, and a store soon brought more people to the area. Mail service was established, and after rejecting several names for the budding town (including naming it in honor of then-President Millard Fillmore),[13] the locals suggested the name Plano (from the Spanish word for "flat"), as a reference to the local terrain. The name was accepted by the post office.[13] In 1872, the completion of the Houston and Central Texas Railway helped the city grow, and the city was officially incorporated in 1873.[13] The population grew to more than 500 by 1874.[12] In 1881, a fire raged through the central business district, destroying most of the buildings.[12][13] The town was rebuilt and business again flourished through the 1880s. Also in 1881, the city assumed responsibility for what would eventually become Plano Independent School District (PISD), ending the days of Plano being served only by private schools.[12]

The population of Plano initially grew slowly, reaching 1,304 in 1900 and increasing to 3,695 in 1960.[12] By 1970, Plano began to feel some of the boom its neighbors had experienced after World War II. A series of public works projects and a change in taxes that removed the farming community from the town helped increase the overall population of Plano. In 1970, the population reached 17,872,[12] and by 1980, it had exploded to 72,000.[12] Sewers, schools and street development kept pace with this massive increase, largely because of Plano's flat topography, grid layout and planning initiatives.

In 1981 the Plano City Council adopted the city’s official logo based on a design submitted via a community contest by longtime Plano resident James R. (Jim) Wainner, a professional artist and graphic designer. City of Plano Code of Ordinances, Chapter 2, Article I, Section 2-1 (b) states that no person, firm, organization, or corporation other than the city shall adopt, use, display, incorporate, or appropriate the official logo of the city as any part of any material, equipment, or other matter of such person, firm, organization or corporation, without written application to and approval of the city council.

During the 1980s, many large corporations moved their headquarters to Plano, including J. C. Penney and Frito-Lay, which helped the city grow. By 1990, the population reached 128,713,[12] dwarfing the county seat of McKinney. In 1994, the city was recognized as an All-America City.[14] By 2000, the population grew to 222,030,[12] making it one of the largest suburbs of Dallas. Plano is completely locked in by other municipalities and cannot expand in area, and there is little undeveloped land remaining within the city limits. However, one large tract of land is being developed as of July 2012. Turnpike Commons at the intersection of Renner Rd and the George Bush Turnpike (bordered also by Shiloh Rd to the east). The development will feature apartments, medical facilities, restaurants, a Race Trac gas station, and a hotel.

In 2013, Plano received top-scoring nationally in a livability index according to an algorithm created by AreaVibes.com, a Toronto-based company specializing in such data. The chart can be found here Best Places to Live in America. AreaVibes ranked Plano at the top of the list of U.S. cities with populations between 100,000 and 10,000,000. Another chart, Best Places to Live in 2013, also has Plano ranked number 1. Follow this link to see the chart Top 10 Best Places to Live.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Plano has a total area of 71.6 square miles (185.5 km2).

Plano, Texas
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Source: Weather.com/ NWS
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Climate

Plano is in the humid subtropical climate zone. The highest recorded temperature was 118°F (48°C) in 1936. On average, the coolest month is January and the warmest is July. The lowest recorded temperature was -7°F (-22°C) in 1930. The maximum average precipitation occurs in May.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1874 500—    
1890 824+64.8%
1900 1,304+58.3%
1910 1,258−3.5%
1920 1,715+36.3%
1930 1,554−9.4%
1940 1,582+1.8%
1950 2,126+34.4%
1960 3,695+73.8%
1970 17,872+383.7%
1980 72,331+304.7%
1990 128,713+77.9%
2000 222,030+72.5%
2010 259,841+17.0%
2012 272,068+4.7%
U.S. Decennial Census
Texas Almanac: 1850–2000

As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 259,841 people. In the 2000 census there were 80,875 households, and 60,575 families in Plano. The population density was 3,102.4 people per square mile (1,197.8/km2). There were 86,078 housing units at an average density of 1,202.8 per square mile (464.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 66.9% White, 7.6% Black, 0.36% Native American, 16.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.86% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.7% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 58.4% of the population,[15] down from 85.4% in 1990.[16]

Of the 80,875 households, 42.0% had children under the age of 18. Married couples accounted for 64.3%; 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.1% were non-families. Approximately 20.2% of all households were individuals, and 2.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73, and the average family size was 3.18.

Data indicates that 28.7% of Plano's population is under the age of 18, 7.0% is 18 to 24, 36.5% is 25 to 44, 22.9% is 45 to 64, and 4.9% who is 65 years of age or older. The median age is 34 years. For every 100 females, there are 99.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 97.2 males.

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $84,492, and the median income for a family is $101,616.[17] About 3.0% of families and 4.3% of the population live below the poverty line, including 4.6% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

Plano was the highest income place with a population of 130,000 or more in 2000. Plano was ranked the most affluent city with a population over 250,000 in the United States, with the lowest poverty rate of 6.3%. Its neighbor to the northwest, Frisco, was ranked the richest city for the population of under 250,000 in the United States, with a 2.7% poverty rate. In 2007, Plano had the highest median income of a city with a population exceeding 250,000 in the nation, at $84,492.[18] As of 2010, Plano has a median income of $103,913 annually. According to crime statistics, there were four homicides in Plano in 2006, the lowest homicide rate of all U.S. cities of 250,000 or more population.[19]

Economy

Rent-A-Center headquarters office building in Plano, Texas
The Shops at Willow Bend, Plano's upscale shopping mall[20]

According to the Plano 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[21] the top employers in Plano are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Bank of America Home Loans 5,400
2 HP Enterprise Services 4,800
3 Capital One 3,175
4 JCPenney 3,100
5 Ericsson 2,650
6 Alcatel-Lucent 2,500
7 Frito-Lay 2,400
8 Dell 2,200
9 Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Plano 1,670
10 Medical Center of Plano 1,300

Approximately 80% of Plano's visitors are business travelers, due to its close proximity to Dallas and the many corporations headquartered in Plano. The city also has a convention center that is owned and operated by the city. Plano has made a concerted effort to draw retail to its downtown area and the Shops at Legacy in an effort to boost sales tax returns. The Shops at Legacy area has apartments, shops, and restaurants constructed with the New Urbanism philosophy.[22] An experimental luxury Walmart Supercenter is located at Park Boulevard and the Dallas North Tollway.[23]

Headquarters of major corporations

Some of the country's largest and most recognized companies have their headquarters in Plano. Tree-lined Legacy Drive in the 75024 ZIP code, between Preston Road and the Dallas North Tollway, has many corporate campuses. The following companies have headquarters or major regional offices in Plano:

In 2014 Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. announced its U.S. headquarters will move from Torrance, California in the Los Angeles metropolitan area to Plano.[28]

Parks and recreation

Haggard Park, Downtown Plano

Although Plano is named for the flat plains of the area, large trees abound in the city's many parks (Plano's map of big trees). One such tree, estimated to be over 500 years old, resides in Bob Woodruff park near Rowlett Creek on the city's east side (Plano’s Quin-centennial Bur Oak).

The two main Open Space Preserves, Bob Woodruff Park (321 acres) and Oak Point Park and Nature Preserve (801 acres), are connected by biking trails making the green space one large uninterrupted park space that is larger than Central Park in New York City (840 acres). Total acreage of all spaces managed by the Parks department currently totals 3,830.81. The Plano Master Plan has the acreage growing to 4,092.63 when complete. Plano Park Master Plan

There are five recreation centers. They are Tom Muehlenbeck Center, Carpenter Park Recreation Center, Oak Point Recreation Center, Liberty Recreation Center, and Douglass Community Center.

  • Neighborhood Parks: 249.13 acres
  • Linear Parks: 629.27 acres
  • Community Parks: 1,120.65 acres
  • Open Space Preserves: 1,324.13 acres
  • Special Use Areas: 46.57 acres
  • Golf Courses: 461.06 acres

Law and government

See also: List of mayors of Plano, Texas

Local government

Plano is governed by the council-manager form of government, with a part-time city council that sets city policy and a city manager who is responsible for city operations. The Plano City Council consists of eight members elected by popular on a nonpartisan basis in staggered odd-year elections every other May. Council members and the mayor are elected by and serve the city at large. However, the council members serving in places one, two, three, and four must reside in that district, and the mayor always serves in place six. The mayor receives a yearly stipend of $8,400, and each council member receives $6,000.

All council members, including the mayor, serve a maximum of two consecutive four-year terms.[29] The mayor and city council members could serve for a maximum of three consecutive three-year terms until voters approved changes to the city charter in 2011.[30]

The 38th and current Mayor of Plano is businessman Harry LaRosiliere, who was elected as the first African-American mayor of Plano in May 2013.[31] Plano elected its first African-American city council member, David Perry, in 1990.[32]

In the 2008 fiscal year Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city reported $194 million in revenue, $212.3 million in expenditures, $277.5 million in total assets, $31.4 million in total liabilities, and $337.2 million in cash and investments.[33]

Plano is part of the North Texas Municipal Water District headquartered in Wylie, Texas. Lake Lavon is the principal source of raw water for the district.

Plano's Water Distribution System:

  • 11 Elevated Towers
  • 12 Ground Storage Tanks
  • 54.5 Million Gallon Water Storage Capacity
  • 5 Pump Stations
  • 225 Million Gallon Daily Pumping Capacity
  • 1,080 Miles of Water Mains
  • 65,965 Metered Service Connections

Fire and EMS services are provided by the Plano Fire Department.

Politics

Dallas' wealthy northern suburbs are overwhelmingly conservative and Plano, the largest of these suburbs, was ranked as the fifth most conservative city in America by the Bay Area Center for Voting Research in 2005.[34]

Cathie Adams, a long-time conservative activist and past chairwoman of the Republican Party of Texas is from Plano

State representation

Plano is split between the 66th and 67th Districts in the Texas House of Representatives, and is wholly contained in Texas Senate District 8.

Republican Van Taylor has represented Texas House District 66 since 2010, and Republican Jeff Leach has represented Texas House District 67 since 2013. Republican Ken Paxton has represented Texas Senate District 8 since 2013, replacing long-time Senator Florence Shapiro, who had represented the district since 1993. Paxton has declared his candidacy for Texas Attorney General, and Van Taylor has announced his intention to fill Paxton's seat.

Federal representation

The United States Postal Service has several post offices in the area. There are full service offices located on 18th St., Jupiter Rd., Coit Rd., Parker Rd.,and Hedgcoxe Rd.

Republican Congressman Sam Johnson has represented Texas's 3rd congressional district since 1991 (although Plano has only been in the district since 2003). Plano is represented in the United States Senate by Republicans Ted Cruz and John Cornyn

Fire Department (Plano Fire Department)

The Plano Fire Department consists of 314 full-time firefighters who operate out of 13 stations.

Crime and law enforcement

Policing in Plano is provided predominantly by the Plano Police

Education

There are 70 public schools, 16 private schools, two campuses of the Collin County Community College District (Collin College), and six libraries in Plano.[35]

Primary and secondary schools

Plano West Senior High School

The Plano Independent School District serves most of the city. Student enrollment has increased dramatically over the past few decades. Plano has a unique high school system, in which grades 9-10 attend a high school and grades 11-12 attend a senior high.[36] There are three senior high schools (grades 11-12) in PISD; Plano East, Plano, and Plano West.[36] In Newsweek's 2012 list of best national high schools, Plano West was ranked as 63rd, Plano Senior as 108th, and Plano East as 243rd.[8] Small portions of Plano are served by the Lewisville Independent School District, Frisco Independent School District, and Allen Independent School District. In 2012, Plano Independent School District announced that 128 seniors were selected as National Merit Semifinalists.[37] Plano has given $1.2 billion in property tax revenue to other school districts through the Texas "Robin Hood" law, which requires school districts that are designated as affluent to give a percentage of their property tax revenue to other districts outside of the county.[38] In 2008, PISD gave $86 million. Controversy erupted when the salaries of teachers in less affluent districts, like Garland ISD, exceeded the salaries of teachers in districts that had to pay into "Robin Hood".[39]

In the 2013-2014 school year, Plano ISD will open two four-year high school Academies, one focusing on STEAM (STEM education plus Media Arts) and the other on health science. Additionally, the district will modify its existing International Baccalaureate program to allow freshman and sophomores in the program to be housed at Plano East Senior High School.[40]

In addition to Catholic primary and middle schools, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas operates John Paul II High School in Plano. Non-Catholic private schools in Plano include Plano Christian Academy, Great Lakes Academy, Spring Creek Academy, Prince of Peace Lutheran School, and Prestonwood Christian Academy. In addition, the Collin County campus of Coram Deo Academy is located in the One Church (previously Four Corners Church) facility in Plano.[41]

Colleges and universities

Entrance to the Spring Creek campus of Collin College in Plano, Texas

Plano is the home to two campuses of Collin College, one at the Courtyard Center on Preston Park Boulevard and the larger Spring Creek Campus on Spring Creek Parkway at Jupiter.[42] SMU-in-Plano, formerly SMU-in-Legacy, a branch of Southern Methodist University, is a graduate university serving the needs of 3,000 working professionals.[43] Its academic programs include business, engineering and computer training, education and continuing education. It also features The Guildhall at SMU, which offers a masters program in video game development.[44]

Public libraries

The Plano Public Library System (PPLS) consists of the W.O. Haggard, Jr. Library, the Maribelle M. Davis Library, the Gladys Harrington Library, the Christopher A. Parr Library, the L.E.R. Schimelpfenig Library, and the Municipal Reference Library. The Haggard library houses the system's administrative offices.[45]

Transportation

The tracks and adjacent platforms at the Parker Road DART station in Plano, Texas

Plano is one of 12 suburbs of Dallas that opt into the Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) public transportation system. During most of its membership in DART, Plano was lightly served by bus lines, but in recent years, the Red Line of the DART Light Rail project has opened stations in Downtown Plano and at Parker Road, which provide access to commuters traveling to work elsewhere in the Dallas area. Approximately 1% of the city's population uses DART. The Parker Road station began charging for parking for non-member city residents on April 2, 2012. The program is called the Fair Share Parking initiative.

Plano was the first city in Collin County to adopt a master plan for its road system. The use of multi-lane, divided highways for all major roads allows for higher speed limits, generally 40 mph (64 km/h), but sometimes up to 55 mph (89 km/h) on the northern section of Preston Road. Plano is served directly by several major roadways and freeways. Central Plano is bordered to the east by U.S. Highway 75, the west by Dallas North Tollway, the south by President George Bush Turnpike, and the north by Texas State Highway 121. Preston Road (Texas State Highway 289) is a major thoroughfare that runs through the city.

Plano opened a new interchange at Parker Rd. and U.S. 75 in December 2010. The single-point interchange is the first of its kind in Texas. The design is intended to reduce severe congestion at this interchange. According to reports traffic congestion has been reduced 50-75%.

Notable people

The following is a list of current residents of Plano, who have become famous outside of the community:

Sister cities

Plano has six sister cities[70] designated by Sister Cities International. This program's presence is seen in Plano ISD schools, where representatives from sister cities often meet and tour.

Historic sites

For a more thorough list of Plano's history see this link Plano Conservancy's Historic Plano Tour

See also

References

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  66. ^ Hathorn, Billy (2010). "Mayor Ernest Angelo, Jr., of Midland and the 96-0 Reagan Sweep of Texas, May 1, 1976". West Texas Historical Association Yearbook. 86: 81–2.
  67. ^ "Jonathan Stickland's Biography". votesmart.com. Retrieved March 18, 2014.
  68. ^ "Alan Tudyk". 2014, The Dallas Morning News Inc. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
  69. ^ "Michael Urie". New York Observer. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
  70. ^ "List of Plano's sister cities". Plano.gov. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  71. ^ "Hsinchu celebrates ties with its Texas sister city". Taipei Times. 2003-09-24. Retrieved 2011-07-11.

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