March 10
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| March 10 in recent years |
| 2024 (Sunday) |
| 2023 (Friday) |
| 2022 (Thursday) |
| 2021 (Wednesday) |
| 2020 (Tuesday) |
| 2019 (Sunday) |
| 2018 (Saturday) |
| 2017 (Friday) |
| 2016 (Thursday) |
| 2015 (Tuesday) |
March 10 is the 69th day of the year (70th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 296 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end.[1]
- 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a triumphal entry into Carthage.[2]
- 947 – The Later Han is founded by Liu Zhiyuan. He declares himself emperor.[3]
- 1496 – After establishing the city of Santo Domingo, Christopher Columbus departs for Spain, leaving his brother in command.[4]
- 1535 – Spaniard Fray Tomás de Berlanga, the fourth Bishop of Panama, discovers the Galápagos Islands by chance on his way to Peru.[5]
1601–1900
- 1607 – Susenyos I defeats the combined armies of Yaqob and Abuna Petros II at the Battle of Gol in Gojjam, making him Emperor of Ethiopia.[6]
- 1629 – Charles I dissolves the Parliament of England, beginning the eleven-year period known as the Personal Rule.[7]
- 1661 – French "Sun King" Louis XIV begins his personal rule of France after the death of his premier, the Cardinal Mazarin.[8]
- 1735 – An agreement between Nader Shah and Russia is signed near Ganja, Azerbaijan and Russian troops are withdrawn from occupied territories.[9]
- 1762 – French Huguenot Jean Calas, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.[10]
- 1814 – Emperor Napoleon I is defeated at the Battle of Laon in France.[11]
- 1830 – The Royal Netherlands East Indies Army is created.[12]
- 1831 – The French Foreign Legion is created by Louis Philippe, the King of France, from the foreign regiments of the Kingdom of France.[13]
- 1848 – The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is ratified by the United States Senate, ending the Mexican–American War.[14]
- 1861 – El Hadj Umar Tall seizes the city of Ségou, destroying the Bamana Empire of Mali.[15]
- 1873 – The first Azerbaijani play, The Adventures of the Vizier of the Khan of Lenkaran, prepared by Akhundov, is performed by Hassan-bey Zardabi and dramatist and Najaf-bey Vezirov.[16][17]
- 1876 – The first successful test of a telephone is made by Alexander Graham Bell.[18]
- 1891 – Almon Strowger patents the Strowger switch, a device which led to the automation of telephone circuit switching.[19]
1901–present
- 1906 – The Courrières mine disaster, Europe's worst ever, kills 1099 miners in northern France.[20]
- 1909 – By signing the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, Thailand relinquishes its sovereignty over the Malay states of Kedah, Kelantan, Perlis and Terengganu, which become British protectorates.[21]
- 1922 – Mahatma Gandhi is arrested in India, tried for sedition, and sentenced to six years in prison, only to be released after nearly two years for an appendicitis operation.[22]
- 1933 – The Long Beach earthquake affects the Greater Los Angeles Area, leaving around 108 people dead.[23]
- 1944 – Greek Civil War: The Political Committee of National Liberation is established in Greece by the National Liberation Front.[24]
- 1945 – World War II: The U.S. Army Air Force firebombs Tokyo, and the resulting conflagration kills more than 100,000 people, mostly civilians.[25]
- 1949 – Mildred Gillars ("Axis Sally") is convicted of treason.[26]
- 1952 – Fulgencio Batista leads a successful coup in Cuba.[27]
- 1959 – Tibetan uprising: Fearing an abduction attempt by China, thousands of Tibetans surround the Dalai Lama's palace to prevent his removal.[28]
- 1966 – Military Prime Minister of South Vietnam Nguyễn Cao Kỳ sacks rival General Nguyễn Chánh Thi, precipitating large-scale civil and military dissension in parts of the nation.[29]
- 1969 – In Memphis, Tennessee, James Earl Ray pleads guilty to assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. He later unsuccessfully attempts to recant.[30]
- 1970 – Vietnam War: Captain Ernest Medina is charged by the U.S. military with My Lai war crimes.[31]
- 1975 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Campaign: North Vietnamese troops attack Ban Mê Thuột in the South on their way to capturing Saigon in the final push for victory over South Vietnam.[32]
- 1977 – Astronomers discover the rings of Uranus.[33]
- 1990 – In Haiti, Prosper Avril is ousted 18 months after seizing power in a coup.[34]
- 2000 – The Dot-com bubble peaks with the NASDAQ Composite stock market index reaching 5,048.62.[35]
- 2006 – The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter arrives at Mars.[36]
- 2017 – The impeachment of President Park Geun-hye of South Korea in response to a major political scandal is unanimously upheld by the country's Constitutional Court, ending her presidency.[37]
- 2019 – Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a Boeing 737 MAX, crashes, leading to all 737 MAX aircraft being grounded worldwide.[38]
Births
Pre-1600
- 1452 – Ferdinand II, king of Castile and León (d. 1516)[39]
- 1503 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)[40]
- 1536 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, English politician, Earl Marshal of the United Kingdom (d. 1572)[41][42]
1601–1900
- 1604 – Johann Rudolf Glauber, German-Dutch alchemist and chemist (d. 1670)[43]
- 1628 – François Girardon, French sculptor (d. 1715)[44]
- 1628 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician and biologist (d. 1694)[45]
- 1653 – John Benbow, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1702)[46]
- 1656 – Giacomo Serpotta, Italian Rococo sculptor (d. 1732)[47]
- 1709 – Georg Wilhelm Steller, German botanist, zoologist, physician, and explorer (d. 1746)[48]
- 1749 – Lorenzo Da Ponte, Italian-American priest and poet (d. 1838)[49]
- 1769 – Joseph Williamson, English businessman and philanthropist (d. 1840)[50]
- 1772 – Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, German poet and critic (d. 1829)[51]
- 1777 – Louis Hersent, French painter (d. 1860)[52]
- 1787 – Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo, Spanish playwright and politician, Prime Minister of Spain (d. 1862)[53]
- 1787 – William Etty, English painter and academic (d. 1849)[54]
- 1788 – Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German author, poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1857)[55]
- 1788 – Edward Hodges Baily, English sculptor (d. 1867)[56]
- 1789 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, Mexican lawyer and 20th President (1847) (d. 1850)[57]
- 1795 – Joseph Légaré, Canadian painter and glazier, artist, seigneur and political figure (d. 1855)[58]
- 1810 – Samuel Ferguson, Irish poet and lawyer (d. 1886)[59]
- 1843 – Evelyn Abbott, English classical scholar (d. 1901)[60]
- 1844 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (d. 1908)[61]
- 1844 – Marie Euphrosyne Spartali, British Pre-Raphaelite painter (d. 1927)[62]
- 1845 – Alexander III of Russia (d. 1894)[63]
- 1846 – Edward Baker Lincoln, American son of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1850)[64]
- 1849 – Hallie Quinn Brown, African-American educator, writer and activist (d. 1949)[65]
- 1850 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (d. 1906)[66]
- 1853 – Thomas Mackenzie, Scottish-New Zealand cartographer and politician, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1930)[67]
- 1867 – Hector Guimard, French-American architect (d. 1942)[68]
- 1867 – Lillian Wald, American nurse, humanitarian, and author, founded the Henry Street Settlement (d. 1940)[69]
- 1870 – David Riazanov, Russian theorist and politician (d. 1938)[70]
- 1873 – Jakob Wassermann, German-Austrian soldier and author (d. 1934)[71]
- 1876 – Anna Hyatt Huntington, American sculptor (d. 1973)[72]
- 1877 – Pascual Ortiz Rubio, Mexican diplomat and president (1930-1932) (d. 1963)[73]
- 1881 – Jessie Boswell, English painter (d. 1956)[74]
- 1888 – Barry Fitzgerald, Irish actor (d. 1961)[75]
- 1890 – Albert Ogilvie, Australian politician, 28th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1939)[76]
- 1892 – Arthur Honegger, French composer and educator (d. 1955)[77]
- 1892 – Gregory La Cava, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1952)[78]
- 1896 – Frederick Coulton Waugh, British cartoonist, painter, teacher and author (d. 1973)[79]
- 1900 – Violet Brown, Jamaican supercentenarian, oldest Jamaican ever (d. 2017) [80]
- 1900 – Pandelis Pouliopoulos, Greek lawyer and politician (d. 1943)[81]
- 1901 – Michel Seuphor, Belgian painter (d. 1999)[82]
1901–present
- 1903 – Bix Beiderbecke, American cornet player, pianist, and composer (d. 1931)[83]
- 1903 – Edward Bawden, British artist and illustrator (d. 1989)[84]
- 1903 – Clare Boothe Luce, American playwright, journalist, and diplomat, United States Ambassador to Italy (d. 1987)[85]
- 1915 – Harry Bertoia, Italian-American sculptor and furniture designer (d. 1978)[86]
- 1915 – Joža Horvat, Croatian writer (d. 2012)[87]
- 1917 – David Hare, American Surrealist artist, sculptor, photographer and painter (d. 1992)[88]
- 1918 – Günther Rall, German general and pilot (d. 2009)[89]
- 1919 – Leonor Oyarzún, Chilean socialite, First Lady of Chile from 1990 to 1994 (d. 2022).[90]
- 1920 – Alfred Peet, Dutch-American businessman, founded Peet's Coffee & Tea (d. 2007)[91]
- 1923 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)[92]
- 1924 – Judith Jones, American literary and cookbook editor (d. 2017)[93]
- 1925 – Bob Lanier, American lawyer, banker, and politician, Mayor of Houston (d. 2014)[94]
- 1926 – Marques Haynes, American basketball player (d. 2015)[95]
- 1927 – Claude Laydu, Belgian-French actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2011)[96]
- 1928 – Sara Montiel, Spanish actress (d. 2013)[97]
- 1928 – James Earl Ray, American criminal; assassin of Martin Luther King Jr. (d. 1998)[98]
- 1929 – Sam Steiger, American journalist and politician (d. 2012)[99]
- 1930 – Sándor Iharos, Hungarian runner (d. 1996)[100]
- 1931 – Georges Dor, Canadian author, playwright, and composer (d. 2001)[101]
- 1932 – Marcia Falkender, Baroness Falkender, English politician (d. 2019)[102]
- 1934 – Gergely Kulcsár, Hungarian javelin thrower (d. 2020)[103]
- 1935 – Graham Farmer, Australian footballer and coach (d. 2019)[104]
- 1936 – Sepp Blatter, Swiss businessman[105]
- 1938 – Norman Blake, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[106]
- 1939 – Asghar Ali Engineer, Indian activist and author (d. 2013)[107]
- 1939 – Irina Press, Ukrainian-Russian hurdler and pentathlete (d. 2004)[108]
- 1940 – Chuck Norris, American actor, producer, and martial artist[109]
- 1940 – David Rabe, American playwright and screenwriter[110]
- 1943 – Peter Berresford Ellis, English historian and author[111]
- 1945 – Katharine Houghton, American actress and playwright[112]
- 1945 – Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician, Indian Minister of Railways (d. 2001)[113]
- 1946 – Gérard Garouste, French contemporary artist[114]
- 1946 – Jim Valvano, American basketball player and coach (d. 1993)[115]
- 1947 – Kim Campbell, Canadian lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Canada[116]
- 1947 – Tom Scholz, American rock musician[117]
- 1948 – Austin Carr, American basketball player[118]
- 1951 – Gloria Diaz, Filipino actress and beauty queen, Miss Universe 1969[119]
- 1952 – Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwean politician, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (d. 2018)[120]
- 1953 – Paul Haggis, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter[121]
- 1955 – Toshio Suzuki, Japanese race car driver[122]
- 1956 – Robert Llewellyn, English actor, producer, and screenwriter[123]
- 1956 – Larry Myricks, American long jumper and sprinter[124]
- 1957 – Osama bin Laden, Saudi Arabian terrorist, founded al-Qaeda (d. 2011)[125]
- 1958 – Garth Crooks, English footballer and sportscaster[126]
- 1958 – Steve Howe, American baseball player (d. 2006)[127]
- 1958 – Sharon Stone, American actress and producer[128]
- 1961 – Laurel Clark, American captain, physician, and astronaut (d. 2003)[129]
- 1962 – Jasmine Guy, American actress, singer, and director[130]
- 1962 – Seiko Matsuda, Japanese singer-songwriter[131]
- 1963 – Jeff Ament, American bass player and songwriter[132]
- 1963 – Rick Rubin, American record producer[133]
- 1964 – Neneh Cherry, Swedish singer-songwriter[134]
- 1964 – Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex[135]
- 1965 – Jillian Richardson, Canadian sprinter[136]
- 1965 – Rod Woodson, American football player, coach, and sportscaster[137]
- 1966 – Mike Timlin, American baseball player[138]
- 1968 – Pavel Srníček, Czech footballer and coach (d. 2015)[139]
- 1968 – Alma Čardžić, Bosnian singer[140]
- 1971 – Jon Hamm, American actor and director[141]
- 1972 – Timbaland, American rapper and producer[142]
- 1973 – Jason Croker, Australian rugby league player and coach[143]
- 1973 – Chris Sutton, English footballer[144]
- 1973 – Mauricio Taricco, Argentinian footballer and assistant manager[145]
- 1976 – Barbara Schett, Austrian tennis player[146]
- 1977 – Shannon Miller, American gymnast
- 1978 – Camille, French singer-songwriter and actress[147]
- 1978 – Benjamin Burnley, American musician[148]
- 1981 – Samuel Eto'o, Cameroonian footballer[149]
- 1981 – Steven Reid, English-Irish footballer[150]
- 1982 – Kwame Brown, American basketball player[151]
- 1983 – Étienne Boulay, Canadian football player[152]
- 1983 – Rafe Spall, English actor[153]
- 1983 – Janet Mock, American journalist, author, and activist[154]
- 1983 – Carrie Underwood, American singer-songwriter[155]
- 1984 – Ben May, English footballer[156]
- 1987 – Martellus Bennett, American football player[157]
- 1987 – Greg Eastwood, New Zealand rugby league player[158]
- 1987 – Māris Štrombergs, Latvian BMX racer[159]
- 1988 – Josh Hoffman, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player[160]
- 1988 – Ego Nwodim, American actress[161]
- 1988 – Ivan Rakitić, Croatian football player[162]
- 1990 – Stefanie Vögele, Swiss tennis player[163]
- 1992 – Neeskens Kebano, French-born Congolese international footballer[164]
- 1993 – Jack Butland, English footballer[165]
- 1993 – Aminata Namasia, Congolese politician[166]
- 1994 – Nikita Parris, English footballer[167]
- 1995 – DaeSean Hamilton, American football player[168]
- 1995 – Zach LaVine, American basketball player[169]
- 1995 – Sergey Mozgov, Russian ice dancer[170]
- 1997 – Belinda Bencic, Swiss tennis player[171]
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 483 – Pope Simplicius[172]
- 948 – Liu Zhiyuan, Shatuo founder of the Later Han dynasty (b. 895)[173][174]
- 1291 – Arghun, Mongol ruler in Persia (b. c.1258)[175]
- 1315 – Agnes Blannbekin, Austrian mystic[176]
- 1513 – John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, English commander and politician, Lord High Constable of England (b. 1442)[177]
- 1528 – Balthasar Hübmaier, German/Moravian Anabaptist leader[178]
- 1572 – William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester[179]
- 1585 – Rembert Dodoens, Flemish physician and botanist (b. 1517)[180]
1601–1900
- 1682 – Jacob van Ruisdael, Dutch painter and etcher (b. 1628)[181]
- 1724 – Urban Hjärne, Swedish chemist, geologist, and physician (b. 1641)[182]
- 1776 – Élie Catherine Fréron, French author and critic (b. 1718)[183]
- 1792 – John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, Scottish politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1713)[184]
- 1826 – John Pinkerton, Scottish antiquarian, cartographer, author, numismatist and historian (b. 1758)[185]
- 1832 – Muzio Clementi, Italian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1752)[186]
- 1861 – Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet, playwright, and ethnographer (b. 1814)[187]
- 1872 – Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian journalist and politician (b. 1805)[188]
- 1895 – Charles Frederick Worth, English-French fashion designer (b. 1825)[189]
- 1897 – Savitribai Phule, Indian poet and activist (b. 1831)[190]
- 1898 – Marie-Eugénie de Jésus, French nun and saint, founded the Religious of the Assumption (b. 1817)[191]
1901–present
- 1910 – Karl Lueger, Austrian lawyer and politician Mayor of Vienna (b. 1844)[192]
- 1910 – Carl Reinecke, German pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1824)[193]
- 1913 – Harriet Tubman, American nurse and activist (b. c.1820)[194]
- 1925 – Myer Prinstein, Polish-American jumper (b. 1878)[195]
- 1937 – Yevgeny Zamyatin, Russian journalist and author (b. 1884)[196]
- 1940 – Mikhail Bulgakov, Russian novelist and playwright (b. 1891)[197]
- 1942 – Wilbur Scoville, American pharmacist and chemist (b. 1865)[198]
- 1948 – Zelda Fitzgerald, American author, visual artist, and ballet dancer (b. 1900)[199]
- 1948 – Jan Masaryk, Czech soldier and politician (b. 1886)[200]
- 1951 – Kijūrō Shidehara, Japanese lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1872)[201]
- 1966 – Frits Zernike, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)[202]
- 1966 – Frank O'Connor, Irish short story writer, novelist, and poet (b. 1903)[203]
- 1977 – E. Power Biggs, English-American organist and composer (b. 1906)[204]
- 1985 – Konstantin Chernenko, Russian soldier and politician, Head of State of The Soviet Union (b. 1911)[205]
- 1985 – Bob Nieman, American baseball player (b. 1927)[206]
- 1986 – Ray Milland, Welsh-American actor and director (b. 1907)[207]
- 1988 – Andy Gibb, Australian singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1958)[208]
- 1992 – Giorgos Zampetas, Greek bouzouki player and composer (b. 1925)[209]
- 1996 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (b. 1926)[210]
- 1997 – LaVern Baker, American singer and actress (b. 1929)[211]
- 1998 – Lloyd Bridges, American actor and director (b. 1913)[212]
- 1999 – Oswaldo Guayasamín, Ecuadorian painter and sculptor (b. 1919)[213]
- 2005 – Dave Allen, Irish-English comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1936)[214]
- 2007 – Ernie Ladd, American football player and wrestler (b. 1938)[215]
- 2010 – Muhammad Sayyid Tantawy, Egyptian scholar and academic (b. 1928)[216]
- 2010 – Corey Haim, Canadian actor (b. 1971)[217]
- 2011 – Bill Blackbeard, American author and illustrator (b. 1926)[218]
- 2012 – Jean Giraud, French author and illustrator (b. 1938)[219]
- 2012 – Frank Sherwood Rowland, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)[220]
- 2013 – Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, British born Swedish Princess (b.1915)[221]
- 2015 – Richard Glatzer, American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1952)[222]
- 2016 – Ken Adam, German-English production designer and art director (b. 1921)[223]
- 2016 – Roberto Perfumo, Argentinian footballer and sportscaster[224]
- 2016 – Jovito Salonga, Filipino lawyer and politician, 14th President of the Senate of the Philippines (b. 1920)[225]
- 2016 – Anita Brookner, English novelist and art historian (b. 1928)[226]
- 2022 – John Elliott, English historian and academic (b. 1930) [227]
Holidays and observances
- Christian feast day
- Harriet Tubman Day (United States of America)[232]
- Holocaust Remembrance Day (Bulgaria)[233]
- Mario Day (Globally)[234][235]
- Men's Day (Poland)[236]
- National Women and Girls HIV/AIDS Awareness Day (United States)[237]
- Székely Freedom Day (Romania)[238]
- Tibetan Uprising Day (Tibetan independence movement)[28]
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