Demographics of the Philippines
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| Demographics of the Philippines | |
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| Demographics of Philippines | |
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| Population: | 95,800,000[1] (2011 est.) |
| Growth rate: | 2.04% (2011 est.) |
| Birth rate: | 25.34 births/1,000 population (2011 est.) |
| Death rate: | 5.02 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.) |
| Life expectancy: | 71.66 years |
| –male: | 68.72 years |
| –female: | 74.74 years (2011 est.) |
| Fertility rate: | 3.19 children born/woman (2011 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate: | 19.34 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Net migration rate: | -1.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.) |
| Age structure: | |
| 0-14 years: | 0-14 years: 34.6% (male 17,999,279/female 17,285,040) |
| 65-over: | 4.3% (male 1,876,805/female 2,471,644) (2011 est.) |
| Sex ratio: | |
| Total: | 1 male(s)/female |
| At birth: | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| Under 15: | 1.04 male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years: | 1 male(s)/female |
| 65-over: | 0.76 male(s)/female |
| Nationality: | |
| Nationality: | Filipinos |
| Major ethnic: | Tagalog 28.1% (2000 census) |
| Minor ethnic: | Cebuano 13.1%, Ilocano 9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%, Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%, Bikol 6%, Waray 3.4%, Kapampangan 3%, other 25.3% (2000 census) |
| Language: | |
| Official: | Filipino and English[2] |
| Spoken: | eight major languages - Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinan |
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Demographics of the Philippines are records of human population in the country, including its population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. The Philippines has a population growth rate of 2.04%, one of the highest in Asia.[1] According to the 2007 Census, the population of the Philippines was 88,574,614.[3] As of 2011, the estimated population is 95,800,000.[1] The Agtas form a minority of the population. The majority of Filipinos are made up of various ethnolinguistic Austronesian ethnic groups. The indigenous population are closely related to Micronesians, Guamanians, Palauans, Malaysians, Indonesians, Malagasy and other Pacific Island people. Mestizos, those of part Filipino descent mixed with Spanish and European are a minority but are viewed and treated as Filipino. Ethnic groups that remain unassimilated, such as various recent European, Chinese, Indian, Arab, Mexican and others form a minority of the population.
The most commonly spoken language is Filipino, which is based on the Tagalog language. Filipino and English are the official languages. Additionally, there are between 120 to 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on their classification), a dozen of which have over one million speakers and are recognized as official regional languages. Spanish and Arabic are recognized as voluntary and optional languages in the Philippine constitution.[2] Christianity is the main religion, with Roman Catholicism making up the majority of the population. Other religions include Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and those with no religion.[4] The people of the Philippines are known as Filipinos.
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[edit] Population history
The first census in the Philippines was founded in 1591, based on tributes collected. Based on this tribute counting, there were about 666,712 people in the islands. In 1600, this method was revamped by the Spanish officials, who then based the counting of the population through church records. In 1799, Friar Manuel Buzeta estimated the population count as 1,502,574. However, the first official census was conducted only in 1878, when the population as of midnight on December 31, 1877 was counted. This was followed by two more censuses, namely, the 1887 census, and the 1898 census. The 1887 census yielded a count of 6,984,727,[5] while that of 1898 yielded 7,832,719 inhabitants.[6]
[edit] 1903 census
In 1903 the population of the Philippines was recounted by American authorities to fulfill Act 467. The survey yielded 7,635,426 people, including 56,138, who were foreign-born.
[edit] By city or towns exceeding 10,000
- Manila, 219,928
- Laoag, Ilocos Norte 19,699
- Iloilo, Iloilo 19,054
- Cebu, Cebu 18,330
- Nueva Caceres, Camarines Sur 10,021
- Romblon, Romblon 10,095
There were 13,400 villages, nearly 75% of which had fewer than 600 inhabitants.
[edit] Between 1903 and 1941
1939 This census was undertaken in conformity with Section 1 of C. A. 170. It was the first taken under the Commonwealth government with Census day on January 1. The Philippine population figure was 16,000,303.
[edit] 1941
In 1941 the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000. Manila's population was 684,000.
By then, some 27% of the population could speak English as a second language, while the number of Spanish speakers as first language had further fallen to 3% from 10-14% at the beginning of the century. However, Spanish as a second language continued to be spoken and understood at varying levels of expertise, far more than English. In 1936, Tagalog was selected to be the basis for a national language.[5] In 1987, the Tagalog-based Filipino language was designated the national language.[7]
[edit] Philippine census surveys
In 1960, the government of the Philippines conducted a survey on both population, and housing. The population was pegged at 27,087,685. Successive surveys were again conducted on 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1990, which gave the population as 36,684,948, 42,070,660, 48,098,460, and 60,703,206 respectively. On 1995, the POPCEN was launched, undertaken at the month of September, The data provided the bases for the Internal Revenue Allocation to local government units, and for the creation of new legislative areas. The count was made official by then President Fidel Ramos by Proclamation No, 849 on August 14, 1995, The population was 68,616,536.
According to the executive director of the Commission on Population Tomas Osias, the population of the Philippines may reach 101.2 million by 2014. Despite this, attempts to introduce a reproductive health law to bring down the population growth rate has been consistently opposed by the Catholic Church, the dominant religion of the country.[1]
| 1960 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2007 |
| 27,087,685 | 36,684,948 | 42,070,660 | 48,098,460 | 60,703,206 | 68,616,536 | 76,504,077 | 88,574,614 |
[edit] Vital statistics
[edit] UN estimates
| Period | Live births per year | Deaths per year | Natural change per year | CBR1 | CDR1 | NC1 | TFR1 | IMR1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950-1955 | 981 000 | 269 000 | 712 000 | 48.6 | 13.3 | 35.3 | 7.42 | 96.8 |
| 1955-1960 | 1 095 000 | 285 000 | 810 000 | 45.7 | 11.9 | 33.8 | 7.27 | 86.5 |
| 1960-1965 | 1 218 000 | 299 000 | 919 000 | 43.0 | 10.6 | 32.5 | 6.98 | 77.4 |
| 1965-1970 | 1 334 000 | 311 000 | 1 023 000 | 40.4 | 9.4 | 31.0 | 6.54 | 67.8 |
| 1970-1975 | 1 461 000 | 326 000 | 1 136 000 | 38.3 | 8.5 | 29.8 | 5.98 | 59.3 |
| 1975-1980 | 1 643 000 | 346 000 | 1 297 000 | 37.4 | 7.9 | 29.5 | 5.46 | 51.8 |
| 1980-1985 | 1 801 000 | 368 000 | 1 433 000 | 35.6 | 7.3 | 28.3 | 4.92 | 45.2 |
| 1985-1990 | 1 968 000 | 393 000 | 1 575 000 | 34.0 | 6.8 | 27.2 | 4.53 | 39.5 |
| 1990-1995 | 2 084 000 | 419 000 | 1 664 000 | 31.8 | 6.4 | 25.4 | 4.14 | 34.5 |
| 1995-2000 | 2 216 000 | 450 000 | 1 766 000 | 30.2 | 6.1 | 24.1 | 3.90 | 30.1 |
| 2000-2005 | 2 360 000 | 487 000 | 1 873 000 | 29.0 | 6.0 | 23.0 | 3.70 | 26.3 |
| 2005-2010 | 2 318 000 | 528 000 | 1 790 000 | 25.9 | 5.9 | 20.0 | 3.27 | 23.0 |
| 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births | ||||||||
[edit] Ethnic groups
The majority of the people in the Philippines are of Austronesian descent. The largest of these groups are the Visayan, Tagalog, Ilocano, Bicolano, Moro, the Kapampangan and among others. The indigenous peoples of the Philippines form a minority of the population. Other ethnic groups include the Spaniard, Indian, Chinese, American, Japanese, Arab, and other ethnic groups from other countries.
[edit] Languages
There are between 120 and 170 languages spoken in the country. Most of them have several varieties (dialects), totaling over 300 across the archipelago. Since the 1930s the government has promoted the use of the national language, Filipino, based on Tagalog.[9][7] Visayan languages (also called Bisaya or Binisaya) are widely spoken throughout the Visayas, and in some parts of Mindanao. The Ilokano language is the lingua franca of the Northern Luzon.
English is considered an official language for purposes of communication and instruction.[2] Consequently, it is widely spoken and understood. The other non-indigenous languages commonly used is Spanish.
[edit] Religion
About 70% of Filipinos are Roman Catholics, about 11% are irreligious, about 6.2% are adherents of Islam, and about 2% are Protestant Christians.[10] Other Christian denominations include the Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ), Philippine Independent Church, and Mormon. Minority religions include Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism.
Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during the four centuries of Western influence by Spain, and the United States. Under Spanish rule, much of the population was converted to Christianity.
Orthodox Christians also live in Philippines. Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the 20th century, introduced by American missionaries.
Islam was brought to the Sulu Archipelago in the 14th century by Makhdum Karim, an Arab trader, and to Mindanao island by Rajah Kabungsuwan, a Malaccan nobleman. From then onwards, Muslim princes carried on expeditions to propagate Islam. While Islam was easily displaced over the years among the peoples of Luzon, and the Visayas, it retained a foothold in the central parts of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago.
Other religions include Judaism, Mahayana Buddhism, often mixed with Taoist beliefs, Hinduism, and Sikhism. Animism and Paganism are also followed.
The 2010s brought a decline in Roman Catholicism and a rise in Buddhism and irreligion among the local population.
[edit] Education
Education in the Philippines is based on both Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy influenced by the United States, Spain, and its neighbouring Asian countries. Philippine students enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery school up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, students enter elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by high school (4 years). Students then take the college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter university (3 to 5 years). Other types of schools include private school, preparatory school, international school, laboratory high school, and science high school. School year in the Philippines starts from June, and ends in March with a two-month summer break from April to May, one week of semestral break in October, and a week or two during Christmas and New Year holidays.
[edit] Publications
- Cristian Capelli et al. (2001). "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania" (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics 68 (2): 432–443. doi:10.1086/318205. PMC 1235276. PMID 11170891. http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2001_v68_p432.pdf.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Philippine population to reach 97.6 M, Manila Bulletin, December 31 2011, retrieved January 1 2012
- ^ a b c "Constitution of the Philippines: Article XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. http://www.chanrobles.com/article14language.htm. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
- ^ "Total Population and Annual Population Growth Rates by Region: Population Censuses 1995, 2000, and 2007". National Statistics Office of the Philippines. http://census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
- ^ "The World Factbook - Philippines". U.S. Central Intelligence Angency. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rp.html. Retrieved 2009.
- ^ a b Jan Lahmeyer (1996). "The Philippines: historical demographical data of the whole country". http://www.populstat.info/Asia/philippc.htm. Retrieved 2003-07-19.
- ^ Voz de Galicia (1898). "CENSOS DE CUBA,PUERTO RICO , FILIPINAS Y ESPAÑA .ESTUDIO DE SU RELACION". http://1898.mforos.com/1026829/7262657-censos-de-cuba-puerto-rico-filipinas-y-espana-estudio-de-su-relacion/. Retrieved 2010-12-12.
- ^ a b Andrew Gonzalez (1998). "The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 19 (5, 6): 487–488. doi:10.1080/01434639808666365. http://www.multilingual-matters.net/jmmd/019/0487/jmmd0190487.pdf. Retrieved 2007-03-24.
- ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
- ^ Thompson, Roger M. (2003). "3. Nationalism and the rise of Tagalog 1936-1973". Filipino English and Taglish. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 27–29. ISBN 9789027248916. http://books.google.com/books?id=W1h9oF9rj-MC&pg=PA27, ISBN 9027248915, 9789027248916.
- ^ Dentsu Communication Institute Inc., Research Centre for Japan (2006)(Japanese)
[edit] External links
This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2011 edition".
- "Demographic Statistics (principally 2000 Philippine census)". National Statistics Office, Philippines Official Web Site. http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/datapop.html. Retrieved December 17, 2005.
- "The Philippines - Demographic Statistics". The Ultrecht faculty of Education. http://www.philippines.hvu.nl/facts2.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-03.
- "University of the Philippines population institute". http://web.kssp.upd.edu.ph/popinst/index.html. Retrieved 2007-04-03.
- Greeks in the Philippines and their contributions to the country
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