Comparison of orbital launch systems: Difference between revisions
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→Launch systems by country: Updated stats following Ariane 5 retirement |
redesigned upcoming rockets to make it look better and SS-520 was a technological experiment so it only launched successfully once therefore it is retired Tags: references removed Visual edit |
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| {{nts|1500}}<ref name=csf-kz11>{{cite web |url=https://www.chinaspaceflight.com/rocket/KZ-11/KZ-11.html |title=快舟十一号小型固体运载火箭(KZ-11)：推迟到2018年首飞 |language=zh |trans-title=Kuaizhou 11 small solid launch vehicle (KZ-11): First flight planned for 2018 |date=October 30, 2017 |access-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-date=July 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727145721/https://www.chinaspaceflight.com/rocket/KZ-11/KZ-11.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
| {{nts|1500}}<ref name=csf-kz11>{{cite web |url=https://www.chinaspaceflight.com/rocket/KZ-11/KZ-11.html |title=快舟十一号小型固体运载火箭(KZ-11)：推迟到2018年首飞 |language=zh |trans-title=Kuaizhou 11 small solid launch vehicle (KZ-11): First flight planned for 2018 |date=October 30, 2017 |access-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-date=July 27, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727145721/https://www.chinaspaceflight.com/rocket/KZ-11/KZ-11.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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| {{nts|1000}} to SSO<ref name="csr-kuaizhou">{{cite web |title=Kuai Zhou (Fast Vessel) |url=https://chinaspacereport.com/launch-vehicles/kuaizhou/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141059/https://chinaspacereport.com/launch-vehicles/kuaizhou/ |archive-date=March 11, 2018 |access-date=March 10, 2018 |website=China Space Report |df=mdy-all}}</ref> |
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| {{nts|1000}} to SSO<ref name=csr-kuaizhou /> |
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| {{nts|2}} |
| {{nts|2}} |
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| 2020 |
| 2020 |
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|[[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930" />(expendable) |
|[[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930">{{cite web |title=Starship |url=https://www.spacex.com/starship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930163150/https://www.spacex.com/starship |archive-date=30 September 2019 |access-date=1 October 2019 |work=SpaceX}}</ref>(expendable) |
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|{{USA}} |
|{{USA}} |
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|[[SpaceX]] |
|[[SpaceX]] |
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|{{nts|250,000}}<ref name=":10" /> |
|{{nts|250,000}}<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=SpaceX |url=http://www.spacex.com/ |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=SpaceX |language=en}}</ref> |
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| 2022<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2022/nov/16/artemis-1-nasa-rocket-launch-moon-mission-space-live-updates | title=NASA Artemis 1 launch: Rocket lifts off on moon mission – as it happened | newspaper=The Guardian | date=16 November 2022 | last1=Lock | first1=Samantha }}</ref> |
| 2022<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/live/2022/nov/16/artemis-1-nasa-rocket-launch-moon-mission-space-live-updates | title=NASA Artemis 1 launch: Rocket lifts off on moon mission – as it happened | newspaper=The Guardian | date=16 November 2022 | last1=Lock | first1=Samantha }}</ref> |
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| 2022 |
| 2022 |
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|- |
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| [[SS-520]] |
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| {{JAP}} |
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| [[IHI Aerospace]] |
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| {{nts|4}}<ref name=gsp-ss520>{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/ss-520.htm |title=SS-520 |website=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=5 November 2017}}</ref> |
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| {{nts|2}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Graham |first1=William |title=Japanese sounding rocket claims record-breaking orbital launch |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/02/japanese-rocket-record-borbital-launch/ |work=[[NASASpaceFlight]] |date=3 February 2018 |access-date=3 February 2018}}</ref> |
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| 2017<ref>{{cite news |url=http://spaceflight101.com/ss-520-4-rocket-launches-on-experimental-mission/ |title=Experimental Launch of World's Smallest Orbital Space Rocket ends in Failure |work=Spaceflight 101 |date=14 January 2017 |access-date=5 November 2017}}</ref>{{efn|A prior version of the SS-520 flew twice as a suborbital sounding rocket in 1998 and 2000. In 2017, the addition of a small third stage enabled orbital launches of ultra-light [[nanosatellite|nano-]] or [[picosatellite]]s.<ref name=gsp-ss520 />}} |
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| 2018 |
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|- |
|- |
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| [[Small Satellite Launch Vehicle|SSLV]] |
| [[Small Satellite Launch Vehicle|SSLV]] |
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== Upcoming rockets == |
== Upcoming rockets == |
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'''Upcoming North American launch vehicles''' |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
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|- |
|- |
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! rowspan=2 width=120 | Vehicle |
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
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! rowspan=2 | Origin |
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
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! rowspan=2 | Manufacturer |
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
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! colspan=3 | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
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! rowspan=2 | Date of first flight |
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
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|- |
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| [[Agnibaan]] |
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| {{IND}} |
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| [[AgniKul Cosmos]] |
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| {{nts|100}} |
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| |
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| |
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| 2023<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-26 |title=5 Indian space startups to watch in 2023 |url=https://www.techcircle.in/2022/12/26/the-five-most-important-space-startups-to-watch-in-2023 |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Techcircle |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|- |
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| [[Amur (launch vehicle)|Amur (Soyuz-7)]] |
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| {{RUS}} |
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| [[Progress Rocket Space Centre|JSC SRC Progress]] |
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| {{nts|10500}}<ref name=ars20201007/> |
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| 2,600 |
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| 4,700 to SSO |
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| 2026<ref name=ars20201007>{{cite news |last=Berger|first=Eric |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/10/russian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar/ |title=Russian space corporation unveils planned "Amur" rocket—and it looks familiar |work=[[Ars Technica]] |date=7 October 2020 |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref> |
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|- |
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| [[Antares 330]] |
| [[Antares 330]] |
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| {{USA}} |
| {{USA}} |
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| [[Northrop Grumman]] |
| [[Northrop Grumman]]/ |
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[[Firefly Aerospace]]{{efn|provides the first stage, including engines}} |
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| {{nts|8000|prefix=> }}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northrop Grumman Teams with Firefly Aerospace to Develop Antares Rocket Upgrade and New Medium Launch Vehicle |url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-teams-with-firefly-aerospace-to-develop-antares-rocket-upgrade-and-new-medium-launch-vehicle |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Northrop Grumman Newsroom |language=en}}</ref><!-- "> 8000" assessment is derived from the ref. statement "This new stage will also significantly increase Antares mass to orbit capability." (exact quote) and the capability of Antares 230+ --> |
| {{nts|8000|prefix=> }}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Northrop Grumman Teams with Firefly Aerospace to Develop Antares Rocket Upgrade and New Medium Launch Vehicle |url=https://news.northropgrumman.com/news/releases/northrop-grumman-teams-with-firefly-aerospace-to-develop-antares-rocket-upgrade-and-new-medium-launch-vehicle |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Northrop Grumman Newsroom |language=en}}</ref><!-- "> 8000" assessment is derived from the ref. statement "This new stage will also significantly increase Antares mass to orbit capability." (exact quote) and the capability of Antares 230+ --> |
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| 2024 |
| 2024 |
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|- |
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| [[Ariane 6]] A62 |
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| {{flag|Europe}} |
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| [[ArianeGroup]] |
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| {{nts|10,350}}<ref name="ariane6-manual">{{cite web |url=http://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Mua-6_Issue-1_Revision-0_March-2018.pdf |title=Ariane 6 User's Manual Issue 1 Revision 0 |last=Lagier |first=Roland |publisher=[[Arianespace]] |date=March 2018 |access-date=27 May 2018 |archive-date=11 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111191731/https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Mua-6_Issue-1_Revision-0_March-2018.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{rp|45}} |
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| {{nts|5,000}}<ref name=ariane6-manual />{{rp|33}} |
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| {{nts|6,450}} to SSO <br/> {{nts|3,000}} to HEO <br/> {{nts|3,000}} to TLI <ref name=ariane6-manual />{{rp|40–49}} |
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| 2024<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=2023-05-12 |title=The Ariane 6 rocket will now debut no earlier than the spring of 2024 |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/05/the-ariane-6-rockets-debut-will-slip-into-2024-the-question-is-how-far/ |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref> |
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|- |
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| [[Ariane 6]] A64 |
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| {{flag|Europe}} |
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| [[ArianeGroup]] |
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| {{nts|21,650}}<ref name=ariane6-manual />{{rp|46}} |
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| {{nts|11,500}}+ <ref name=ariane6-manual />{{rp|33}} |
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| {{nobr|{{nts|14,900}} to SSO}} <br/> {{nts|5,000}} to GEO <br/> {{nts|8,400}} to HEO <br/> {{nts|8,500}} to TLI <ref name=ariane6-manual />{{rp|40–49}} |
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| 2024<ref name=":11" /> |
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|- |
|- |
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|Aurora |
|Aurora |
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| Line 849: | Line 803: | ||
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|2024 |
|2024 |
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|- |
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|Aventura 1 |
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|{{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Argentina]] |
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|TLON Space |
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|25 |
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| |
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| |
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|2023 |
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|- |
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| [[Bloostar]] |
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| {{ESP}} |
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| [[Zero 2 Infinity]] |
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| {{nts|140}}<ref name="Bloostar-PUG">{{cite web |publisher=Zero 2 Infinity |title=Bloostar Launch Vehicle Payload User's Guide |url=http://www.zero2infinity.space/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Z2I-BS-TN-1-0316-R2-Bloostar-Payload-User-Guide.pdf |id=Z2I-BS-TN-1-0316-R2 |version=Revision 2 |date=January 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
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| |
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| {{nts|75}} to SSO<ref name="Bloostar-PUG"/> |
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| {{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
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|- |
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| [[Blue Whale 1]] |
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| {{KOR}} |
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| [[Perigee Aerospace]] |
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|150 [https://perigee.space/mission/] |
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| |
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| 170 to SSO |
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| 2024 |
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|- |
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|Cosmos |
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|{{RUS}} |
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|[[SR space]] |
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|100 |
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| |
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| |
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|TBD |
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|- |
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| [[Cyclone-4M]] |
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| {{UKR}} |
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| [[Yuzhnoye Design Office|Yuzhnoye]] <br /> [[Yuzhmash]] |
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| {{nts|5000}}<ref name="spaceq-20170314">{{cite news |url=https://spaceq.ca/maritime-launch-services-selects-nova-scotia-site-for-spaceport-over-13-other-locations/ |title=Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations |work=SpaceQ |first=Marc |last=Boucher |date=14 March 2017 |access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> |
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| {{nts|1000}}<ref name="GSP-Cyclone">{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tsiklon-4m.htm |title=Tsiklon-4M (Cyclone-4M) |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |website=Gunter's Space Page |access-date=11 April 2017}}</ref> |
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| {{nts|3350}} to SSO<ref name="spaceq-20170314" /> |
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| 2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=Precious Payload allies with Maritime Launch + adds Canada's 1st commercial spaceport to the Launch.ctrl marketplace for smallsat interests – SatNews |url=https://news.satnews.com/2022/12/09/precious-payload-allies-with-maritime-launch-adds-canadas-1st-commercial-spaceport-to-the-launch-ctrl-marketplace-for-smallsat-interests/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=news.satnews.com}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|C6 Launch Vehicle |
|C6 Launch Vehicle |
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| Line 906: | Line 819: | ||
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|2023 |
|2023 |
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|- |
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|Darwin-1 |
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|{{CHN}} |
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|Rocket Pi |
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|470 |
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|- |
|- |
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|Dauntless |
|Dauntless |
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| Line 923: | Line 828: | ||
|2024 |
|2024 |
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|- |
|- |
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|Laguna |
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| DNLV |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[Phantom Space Corporation|Phantom Space]] |
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| [[Independence-X Aerospace]] |
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| |
|630-1,200 |
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|TBA |
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| 2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=LAUNCH SERVICES |url=http://www.independence-x.com/launch-services.html |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Independence-X Aerospace |language=en}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Firefly Aerospace#MLV|MLV]] |
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|[[Epsilon S]] |
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|{{USA}} |
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|{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Japan]] |
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|[[ |
|[[Firefly Aerospace]] |
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|{{nts|14000}} |
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|1,400 |
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|2025<ref>{{cite web |title=Medium Launch Vehicle |url=https://fireflyspace.com/mlv/ |access-date=11 March 2023 |work=Firefly Aerospace}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|[[Rocket Lab Neutron|Neutron]] |
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|{{USA}}<br />{{NZL}} |
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|[[Rocket Lab]] |
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|{{nts|8000}} |
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|2024<ref name=":3">{{cite web |date=2021-03-01 |title=JP Introducing Neutron |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agqxJw5ISdk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/agqxJw5ISdk |archive-date=2021-12-12 |access-date=2021-03-01 |website=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|[[New Glenn]] |
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|{{nobr|{{USA}}}} |
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|[[Blue Origin]] |
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|{{nts|45,000}}<ref name="spacenews-20170308">{{cite news |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=8 March 2017 |title=Eutelsat first customer for Blue Origin's New Glenn |work=[[SpaceNews]] |url=http://spacenews.com/eutelsat-first-customer-for-blue-origins-new-glenn/ |access-date=8 March 2017}}</ref> |
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|{{nts|13,000}} |
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|2024 |
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|- |
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|Rocket 4 |
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|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[USA]] |
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|[[Astra (American spaceflight company)|Astra]] |
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|600 |
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|600 to SSO |
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|2023 |
|2023 |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Space Launch System|SLS Block 1B]]{{efn|with [[Exploration Upper Stage|EUS]]}} |
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| [[Eris (rocket)|Eris]] |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[NASA]] / [[Boeing]] <br /> [[Northrop Grumman]] |
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| [[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |
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| |
|{{nts|105,000}}<ref name="slsfact-20171011">{{cite web |date=11 October 2017 |title=Space Launch System |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/sls_fact_sheet_final_10112017.pdf |access-date=4 September 2018 |series=NASA Facts |publisher=[[NASA]] |id=FS-2017-09-92-MSFC}}</ref> |
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|{{nts|37,000}} to TLI<ref name="NASA-SLS">{{cite web |last=Harbaugh |first=Jennifer |date=9 July 2018 |title=The Great Escape: SLS Provides Power for Missions to the Moon |url=https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/to-the-moon.html |access-date=4 September 2018 |publisher=[[NASA]]}}</ref> |
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|208 |
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|- |
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|[[Space Launch System|SLS Block 2]]{{efn|with [[Exploration Upper Stage|EUS]] and <br/> advanced boosters}} |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[NASA]] / [[Boeing]] <br /> [[Northrop Grumman]] |
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|{{nts|130,000}}<ref name="creech-2014">{{cite web |last=Creech |first=Stephen |date=April 2014 |title=NASA's Space Launch System: A Capability for Deep Space Exploration |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/Creech_SLS_Deep_Space.pdf |access-date=4 September 2018 |publisher=[[NASA]] |page=2}}</ref> |
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|{{nts|45,000}} to HCO<ref name="NASA-SLS" /> |
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| 2023<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.gspacetech.com/post/gilmour-space-announces-first-caravan-rideshare-mission-to-leo |title=Gilmour Space announces first 'Caravan' rideshare mission to LEO |work=[[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |date=19 September 2022 |access-date=19 September 2022 |quote=[The company] is expecting to launch its first Eris vehicle from the Bowen Orbital Spaceport in Queensland, Australia, early next year.}}</ref> |
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|2033 |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930" /><br /> (Single launch, reusable) |
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|[[Eris (rocket)|Eris]] Block 2 |
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|{{ |
|{{USA}} |
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|[[SpaceX]] |
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|[[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |
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|{{nts|150,000}}<ref name="merged1">{{cite tweet|number=1245063992361406464|user=elonmusk|title=@Erdayastronaut @SpaceX @flightclubio Mass of initial SN ships will be a little high & Isp a little low, but, over time, it will be ~150t to LEO fully reusable|first=Elon|last=Musk|author-link=Elon Musk|date=31 March 2020|access-date=20 March 2023|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208094841/https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1245063992361406464|archive-date=8 December 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":10" /> |
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|1,000 |
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|{{nts|21,000}}<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Starship Users Guide |url=https://www.spacex.com/media/starship_users_guide_v1.pdf |access-date=1 April 2020 |website=spacex.com}}</ref> |
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|TBA |
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|- |
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|[[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930" /><br /> (Additional refuelling launches) |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[SpaceX]] |
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|{{nts|100,000}}+<ref name="sx20190930" /><ref name="merged1" /> |
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|{{nts|100,000}}+<br /><ref name="sx20190930" /> |
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|{{nts|100,000}}+ to Mars surface<ref name="sx20190930" /><br />{{nts|100,000}}+ to lunar surface<ref name="sx20190930" /> |
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|TBA |
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|- |
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|[[Terran R]] |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[Relativity Space]] |
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|{{nts|33,500}}<ref name="relativity-20230412">{{cite press release |url=https://www.relativityspace.com/press-release/2023/4/12/terran-r |title=Relativity Space Shares Updated Go-to-Market Approach for Terran R, Taking Aim at Medium to Heavy Payload Category with Next-Generation Rocket |work=[[Relativity Space]] |date=12 April 2023 |access-date=12 April 2023}}</ref> |
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|{{nts|5,500}}<ref name="relativity-20230412" /> |
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|2026<ref name="relativity-20230412" /> |
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|2024 |
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|- |
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|[[Vector-R]] |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[Vector Launch]] |
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|60 |
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| |
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|26 to SSO |
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|TBA |
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|- |
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|[[Vulcan (rocket)|Vulcan]] / [[Centaur (rocket stage)|Centaur]] |
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|{{USA}} |
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|[[United Launch Alliance|ULA]] |
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|{{nts|27200}}<ref name="ULA_tech_sheet">{{cite web |date=November 2019 |title=Rocket Rundown – A Fleet Overview |url=https://www.ulalaunch.com/docs/default-source/rockets/atlas-v-and-delta-iv-technical-summary.pdf |access-date=April 14, 2020 |work=[[United Launch Alliance|ULA]]}}</ref> |
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|{{nts|14400}}<ref name="ULA_tech_sheet" /> |
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|7,200 to GEO<ref name="ULA_tech_sheet" /> <br />12,100 to TLI |
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|2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=ULA Sets Path Forward for Inaugural Vulcan Flight Test |url=https://www.ulalaunch.com/about/news/2022/10/12/ula-sets-path-forward-for-inaugural-vulcan-flight-test |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=www.ulalaunch.com}}</ref> |
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|} |
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'''Upcoming Chinese launch vehicles''' |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
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|- |
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! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
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! rowspan="2" | Origin |
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! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
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! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
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! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
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|- |
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! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
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! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
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! Other |
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|- |
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| Darwin-1 |
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| {{CHN}} |
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| Rocket Pi |
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| 470 |
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| |
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| |
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| 2024 |
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|- |
|- |
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|Gravity-1 |
|Gravity-1 |
||
| Line 969: | Line 960: | ||
|5,800 |
|5,800 |
||
|10,900 to SSO |
|10,900 to SSO |
||
|2024 |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hyperbola-2 |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[i-Space (Chinese company)|i-Space]] |
|||
|{{nts|2,000}}<ref name="spacenews-20180515" /> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|2023<ref name="sn-20220706" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Long March 9]] |
|||
|Hanbit-Nano |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea]] |
|||
|[[China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology|CALT]] |
|||
|Innospace |
|||
|{{nts|150,000}}<ref name="spacenewslongmarch9">{{cite news |last=Jones |first=Andrew |date=28 June 2021 |title=China's super heavy rocket to construct space-based solar power station |url=https://spacenews.com/chinas-super-heavy-rocket-to-construct-space-based-solar-power-station/ |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> |
|||
|50 |
|||
|{{nts|66,000}}<ref name="xn-20180702">{{cite web |date=2 July 2018 |title=China to develop new series of carrier rockets: expert |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/02/c_137295940.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702104534/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/02/c_137295940.htm |archive-date=July 2, 2018 |access-date=25 September 2018 |website=Xinhua.net}}</ref> |
|||
|{{nts|53,000}} to TLI<ref name="spacenewslongmarch9" /> <br /> {{nts|40,000}} to TMI<ref name="spacenews-20180705">{{cite news |last=Jones |first=Andrew |date=5 July 2018 |title=China reveals details for super-heavy-lift Long March 9 and reusable Long March 8 rockets |work=[[SpaceNews]] |url=https://spacenews.com/china-reveals-details-for-super-heavy-lift-long-march-9-and-reusable-long-march-8-rockets/ |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|2033 |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Long March 10]] |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology|CALT]] |
|||
|70,000 |
|||
| |
|||
|27,000 to TLI |
|||
|2027 |
|||
|- |
|||
|Nebula-1 |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[Deep Blue Aerospace]] |
|||
|1,000 |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2024 |
|2024 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[New Line 1]] <br /> <ref name="popsci-20171218">{{cite magazine |last1=Lin |first1=Jeffrey |last2=Singer |first2=P.W. |date=18 December 2017 |title=China could become a major space power by 2050 |url=https://www.popsci.com/china-space-power-plans |magazine=[[Popular Science]] |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|HAPITH V |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|{{Flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan]] |
|||
|[[LinkSpace]] |
|||
{{AUS}} |
|||
|[[TiSPACE]] |
|||
|390 |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|{{cvt|440|lb|kg|disp=number}}}} to SSO<ref name="popsci-20171218" /> |
|||
|TBA |
|TBA |
||
|- |
|||
|[[OneSpace#Rockets|OS-M2]] |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[OneSpace]] |
|||
|{{nts|390}}<ref name="spacetechasia-20180705" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|{{nts|292}} to SSO |
|||
|{{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Pallas-1]] |
|||
|{{China}} |
|||
|[[Galactic Energy]] |
|||
|{{nts|5000}} |
|||
| |
|||
|{{nts|3000}} to SSO |
|||
|2024<ref name="launch date">{{cite tweet|number=1612449239786786816|user=CNSpaceflight|title=GAPACTIC-ENERGY's another important goal is to develop the reusable kerosene fueled rocket PALLAS-1, which is now targeted in 2024 for first launch https://t.co/TMrTZ6ZD8D https://t.co/xPKe0mVIBB|author=China 'N Asia Spaceflight 🚀🛰️🙏|date=9 January 2023|access-date=20 March 2023|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111125155/https://twitter.com/CNSpaceflight/status/1612449239786786816|archive-date=11 January 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming European launch vehicles (without Russian launch vehicles)''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
|- |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Ariane 6]] A62 |
|||
| {{flag|Europe}} |
|||
| [[ArianeGroup]] |
|||
| {{nts|10,350}}<ref name="ariane6-manual">{{cite web |last=Lagier |first=Roland |date=March 2018 |title=Ariane 6 User's Manual Issue 1 Revision 0 |url=http://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Mua-6_Issue-1_Revision-0_March-2018.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111191731/https://www.arianespace.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Mua-6_Issue-1_Revision-0_March-2018.pdf |archive-date=11 November 2020 |access-date=27 May 2018 |publisher=[[Arianespace]]}}</ref>{{rp|45}} |
|||
| {{nts|5,000}}<ref name="ariane6-manual" />{{rp|33}} |
|||
| {{nts|6,450}} to SSO <br /> {{nts|3,000}} to HEO <br /> {{nts|3,000}} to TLI <ref name="ariane6-manual" />{{rp|40–49}} |
|||
| 2024<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=2023-05-12 |title=The Ariane 6 rocket will now debut no earlier than the spring of 2024 |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/05/the-ariane-6-rockets-debut-will-slip-into-2024-the-question-is-how-far/ |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Ariane 6]] A64 |
|||
|{{flag|Europe}} |
|||
|[[ArianeGroup]] |
|||
|{{nts|21,650}}<ref name="ariane6-manual" />{{rp|46}} |
|||
|{{nts|11,500}}+ <ref name="ariane6-manual" />{{rp|33}} |
|||
|{{nobr|{{nts|14,900}} to SSO}} <br /> {{nts|5,000}} to GEO <br /> {{nts|8,400}} to HEO <br /> {{nts|8,500}} to TLI <ref name="ariane6-manual" />{{rp|40–49}} |
|||
|2024<ref name=":11" /> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Cyclone-4M]] |
|||
|{{UKR}} |
|||
|[[Yuzhnoye Design Office|Yuzhnoye]] <br /> [[Yuzhmash]] |
|||
|{{nts|5000}}<ref name="spaceq-20170314">{{cite news |last=Boucher |first=Marc |date=14 March 2017 |title=Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations |work=SpaceQ |url=https://spaceq.ca/maritime-launch-services-selects-nova-scotia-site-for-spaceport-over-13-other-locations/ |access-date=18 March 2017}}</ref> |
|||
|{{nts|1000}}<ref name="GSP-Cyclone">{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |title=Tsiklon-4M (Cyclone-4M) |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/tsiklon-4m.htm |access-date=11 April 2017 |website=Gunter's Space Page}}</ref> |
|||
|{{nts|3350}} to SSO<ref name="spaceq-20170314" /> |
|||
|2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=Precious Payload allies with Maritime Launch + adds Canada's 1st commercial spaceport to the Launch.ctrl marketplace for smallsat interests – SatNews |url=https://news.satnews.com/2022/12/09/precious-payload-allies-with-maritime-launch-adds-canadas-1st-commercial-spaceport-to-the-launch-ctrl-marketplace-for-smallsat-interests/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=news.satnews.com}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Hera II |
|Hera II |
||
| Line 996: | Line 1,064: | ||
|2024 |
|2024 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Miura 5]] |
|||
| Hyperbola-2 |
|||
| |
|{{ESP}} |
||
| |
|[[PLD Space]] |
||
|{{nts|900}} |
|||
| {{nts|2,000}}<ref name=spacenews-20180515 /> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|450}} to SSO |
|||
| |
|||
|2024<ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2020 |title=PLD Space, la ambición de lanzar satélites con cohetes reutilizables |trans-title=PLD Space, and the ambition to launch satellites with reusable rockets |url=https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/08/10/companias/1597060934_744408.html |access-date=17 August 2020 |work=[[El País]] |language=es}}</ref> |
|||
| 2023<ref name="sn-20220706"/> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Orbex#Prime|Prime]] |
|||
|Kairos |
|||
|{{ |
|{{UK}} |
||
|[[Orbex]] |
|||
|Space One |
|||
|{{nts|220}}<ref>{{cite web |title=About us |url=https://orbex.space/about-us |access-date=4 September 2018 |publisher=Orbex |quote=Orbex can accommodate a range of payload capacities between 100kg-220kg, to altitudes of between 200km-1250km.}}</ref> |
|||
|100 |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|150}} to SSO{{efn|name=500km|Reference altitude 500 km}}<ref name="spacenews-prime">{{cite news |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=18 July 2018 |title=Orbex stakes claim to European smallsat launch market |work=[[SpaceNews]] |url=https://spacenews.com/orbex-stakes-claim-to-european-smallsat-launch-market/ |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|2023<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2022-10-18 |title=Orbex raises Series C round |url=https://spacenews.com/orbex-raises-series-c-round/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|RFA One |
|||
|{{GER}} |
|||
|[[Rocket Factory Augsburg AG]] |
|||
|{{nts|1,600}}<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=LAUNCHER – Rocket Factory Augsburg |url=https://www.rfa.space/launcher/ |access-date=2021-09-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|{{nts|450}}<ref name=":5" /> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|2024<ref name="expr-20230624">{{cite web |date=24 June 2023 |title=Shetland’s SaxaVord spaceport will soon be launching satellites into orbit |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1783992/Shetland-SaxaVord-spaceport-launching-satellites |access-date=25 June 2023 |work=Express}}</ref> |
|||
|2023 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|[[Skyrora XL]] |
||
| |
|{{UK}} |
||
| |
|[[Skyrora]] |
||
|{{Nts|335}}<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Skyrora XL Rocket {{!}} Skyrora |url=https://www.skyrora.com/skyrora-xl#section-5 |access-date=2022-08-19 |website=www.skyrora.com}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|20,000}}<ref name=chinadaily-20171225>{{cite news |url=http://www.china.org.cn/china/2017-12/25/content_50161133.htm |title= China to test large solid-fuel rocket engine |work=[[China Daily]] |date=December 25, 2017 |access-date=March 10, 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{Nts|315}} to SSO<ref name=":9" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|2024 |
|||
| 2025<ref name=csr-kuaizhou>{{cite web |url=https://chinaspacereport.com/launch-vehicles/kuaizhou/ |title=Kuai Zhou (Fast Vessel) |website=China Space Report |access-date=March 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141059/https://chinaspacereport.com/launch-vehicles/kuaizhou/ |archive-date=March 11, 2018 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|SL1 |
|||
|KSLV-III |
|||
|{{GER}} |
|||
|{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea]] |
|||
|[[ |
|[[HyImpulse]] |
||
|500 |
|||
|10,000 |
|||
|3,700 |
|||
|1,800 to TLI |
|||
|2030 |
|||
|- |
|||
|Laguna |
|||
|{{USA}} |
|||
|[[Phantom Space Corporation|Phantom Space]] |
|||
|630-1,200 |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2025 |
|||
|TBA |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Spectrum |
|||
| [[Long March 9]] |
|||
| |
|{{GER}} |
||
|[[Isar Aerospace]] |
|||
| [[China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology|CALT]] |
|||
|{{nts|1,000}}<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Spectrum |url=https://www.isaraerospace.com/spectrum |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Isar Aerospace |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|150,000}}<ref name=spacenewslongmarch9>{{cite news |url=https://spacenews.com/chinas-super-heavy-rocket-to-construct-space-based-solar-power-station/ |title=China's super heavy rocket to construct space-based solar power station |first=Andrew |last=Jones |date=28 June 2021 |access-date=8 January 2022}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|66,000}}<ref name=xn-20180702>{{cite web |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/02/c_137295940.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702104534/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-07/02/c_137295940.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 2, 2018 |title=China to develop new series of carrier rockets: expert |website=Xinhua.net |date=2 July 2018 |access-date=25 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|53,000}} to TLI<ref name=spacenewslongmarch9 /> <br/> {{nts|40,000}} to TMI<ref name=spacenews-20180705>{{cite news |url=https://spacenews.com/china-reveals-details-for-super-heavy-lift-long-march-9-and-reusable-long-march-8-rockets/ |title=China reveals details for super-heavy-lift Long March 9 and reusable Long March 8 rockets |work=[[SpaceNews]] |first=Andrew |last=Jones |date=5 July 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| 2033 |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Long March 10]] |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology|CALT]] |
|||
|70,000 |
|||
| |
| |
||
|700 to SSO<ref name=":8" /> |
|||
|27,000 to TLI |
|||
|2023<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |date=10 August 2022 |title=German Launch Providers Isar Aerospace and RFA Eye Maiden Launches in 2023 – Parabolic Arc |url=http://www.parabolicarc.com/2022/08/09/german-launch-providers-isar-aerospace-and-rfa-eye-maiden-launches-in-2023/ |access-date=2022-08-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|2027 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|[[Vega (rocket)|Vega E]] |
||
| |
|{{flag|Europe}} |
||
|[[European Space Agency|ESA]] / [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]] |
|||
| [[PLD Space]] |
|||
|{{nts|3000}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Vega E: M10 motor / Mira |url=http://www.avio.com/en/vega/vega-e/vega-e-mira-motor/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419181644/http://www.avio.com/en/vega/vega-e/vega-e-mira-motor/ |archive-date=19 April 2019 |access-date=7 June 2018 |publisher=[[Avio]]}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|900}} |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|450}} to SSO |
|||
| 2024<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cincodias.elpais.com/cincodias/2020/08/10/companias/1597060934_744408.html |title=PLD Space, la ambición de lanzar satélites con cohetes reutilizables |trans-title=PLD Space, and the ambition to launch satellites with reusable rockets |work=[[El País]] |date=11 August 2020 |access-date=17 August 2020 |language=es}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Firefly Aerospace#MLV|MLV]] |
|||
| {{USA}} |
|||
| [[Firefly Aerospace]] |
|||
| {{nts|14000}} |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 2025<ref>{{cite web |url=https://fireflyspace.com/mlv/ |title=Medium Launch Vehicle |work=Firefly Aerospace |access-date=11 March 2023}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Nebula-1 |
|||
|{{CHN}} |
|||
|[[Deep Blue Aerospace]] |
|||
|1,000 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2026 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Zephyr |
|||
| [[Rocket Lab Neutron|Neutron]] |
|||
|{{Flagicon|France}} [[France]] |
|||
| {{USA}}<br/>{{NZL}} |
|||
|Latitude |
|||
| [[Rocket Lab]] |
|||
|72 |
|||
| {{nts|8000}} |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 2024<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agqxJw5ISdk |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/agqxJw5ISdk| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=JP Introducing Neutron|website=[[YouTube]]|date=2021-03-01|access-date=2021-03-01}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[New Glenn]] |
|||
| {{nobr|{{USA}}}} |
|||
| [[Blue Origin]] |
|||
| {{nts|45,000}}<ref name=spacenews-20170308>{{cite news |url=http://spacenews.com/eutelsat-first-customer-for-blue-origins-new-glenn/ |title=Eutelsat first customer for Blue Origin's New Glenn |work=[[SpaceNews]] |first=Jeff |last=Foust |date=8 March 2017 |access-date=8 March 2017}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|13,000}} |
|||
| |
|||
| 2023<ref name="sn-20220323">{{cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |url=https://spacenews.com/vulcan-centaur-on-schedule-for-first-launch-in-2022-as-new-glenn-slips/ |title=Vulcan Centaur on schedule for first launch in 2022 as New Glenn slips |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=23 March 2022 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[New Line 1]] <br/> <ref name="popsci-20171218">{{cite magazine|last1=Lin|first1=Jeffrey|last2=Singer|first2=P.W.|date=18 December 2017|title=China could become a major space power by 2050|url=https://www.popsci.com/china-space-power-plans|magazine=[[Popular Science]]|access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| {{CHN}} |
|||
| [[LinkSpace]] |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|{{cvt|440|lb|kg|disp=number}}}} to SSO<ref name=popsci-20171218 /> |
|||
| TBA |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[OneSpace#Rockets|OS-M2]] |
|||
| {{CHN}} |
|||
| [[OneSpace]] |
|||
| {{nts|390}}<ref name=spacetechasia-20180705 /> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|292}} to SSO |
|||
| {{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Qaem 100 (rocket)|Qaem-100]] |
|||
|{{IRI}} |
|||
|[[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] |
|||
|80<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRGC Launches Satellite Carrier into Space - Politics news |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2022/11/05/2799456/irgc-launches-satellite-carrier-into-space |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=Tasnim News Agency |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2024 |
|||
|TBA |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Russian launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
| [[Pallas-1]] |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
| {{China}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
| [[Galactic Energy]] |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
| {{nts|5000}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|3000}} to SSO |
|||
| 2024<ref name="launch date">{{cite tweet |author=China 'N Asia Spaceflight 🚀🛰️🙏 |user=CNSpaceflight |number=1612449239786786816 |date=9 January 2023 |title=GAPACTIC-ENERGY's another important goal is to develop the reusable kerosene fueled rocket PALLAS-1, which is now targeted in 2024 for first launch https://t.co/TMrTZ6ZD8D https://t.co/xPKe0mVIBB |language=en |access-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111125155/https://twitter.com/CNSpaceflight/status/1612449239786786816 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
| {{UK}} |
|||
! Other |
|||
| [[Orbex]] |
|||
| {{nts|220}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://orbex.space/about-us |title=About us |publisher=Orbex |access-date=4 September 2018 |quote=Orbex can accommodate a range of payload capacities between 100kg-220kg, to altitudes of between 200km-1250km.}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|150}} to SSO{{efn|name=500km|Reference altitude 500 km}}<ref name=spacenews-prime>{{cite news |url=https://spacenews.com/orbex-stakes-claim-to-european-smallsat-launch-market/ |title=Orbex stakes claim to European smallsat launch market |work=[[SpaceNews]] |first=Jeff |last=Foust |date=18 July 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{Cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |date=2022-10-18 |title=Orbex raises Series C round |url=https://spacenews.com/orbex-raises-series-c-round/ |access-date=2022-10-19 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Amur (launch vehicle)|Amur (Soyuz-7)]] |
|||
| {{RUS}} |
|||
| [[Progress Rocket Space Centre|JSC SRC Progress]] |
|||
| {{nts|10500}}<ref name="ars20201007">{{cite news |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=7 October 2020 |title=Russian space corporation unveils planned "Amur" rocket—and it looks familiar |work=[[Ars Technica]] |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2020/10/russian-space-corporation-unveils-planned-amur-rocket-and-it-looks-familiar/ |access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref> |
|||
| 2,600 |
|||
|4,700 to SSO |
|||
| 2026<ref name="ars20201007" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Cosmos |
|||
| RFA One |
|||
| |
|{{RUS}} |
||
|[[SR space]] |
|||
| [[Rocket Factory Augsburg AG]] |
|||
|100 |
|||
| {{nts|1,600}}<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=LAUNCHER – Rocket Factory Augsburg|url=https://www.rfa.space/launcher/|access-date=2021-09-18|language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|450}}<ref name=":5" /> |
|||
| |
|||
| 2024<ref name="expr-20230624">{{cite web |url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/science/1783992/Shetland-SaxaVord-spaceport-launching-satellites |title=Shetland’s SaxaVord spaceport will soon be launching satellites into orbit |date=24 June 2023 |access-date=25 June 2023 |work=Express}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|Rocket 4 |
|||
|{{Flagicon|USA}} [[USA]] |
|||
|[[Astra (American spaceflight company)|Astra]] |
|||
|600 |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|TBD |
|||
|2023 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Rokot|Rokot-M]] |
|[[Rokot|Rokot-M]] |
||
| Line 1,163: | Line 1,166: | ||
|2024 |
|2024 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Irtysh (rocket)|Irtysh (Soyuz-5)]] |
|||
|[[Skyrora XL]] |
|||
|{{ |
|{{RUS}} |
||
|[[TsSKB-Progress]]<br />[[RSC Energia]] |
|||
|[[Skyrora]] |
|||
|{{ |
|{{nts|18,000}}<ref name="soyuz-5-perf">{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=7 August 2017 |title=Preliminary design for Soyuz-5 races to completion |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz5-lv-2017.html |access-date=2 September 2018 |website=Russian Space Web}}</ref> |
||
| |
| |
||
|{{ |
|{{nts|2,500}} to GEO |
||
| |
|2024<ref>{{cite web |date=30 January 2023 |title=Первый пуск "Союза-5" запланировали на 2024 год |trans-title=First launch of Soyuz-5 scheduled for 2024 |url=https://tass.ru/kosmos/16918711 |access-date=30 January 2023 |work=[[TASS]] |language=ru}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|[[Soyuz-6|Volga (Soyuz-6)]] |
||
| {{RUS}} |
|||
| [[TsSKB-Progress]]<br/>[[RSC Energia]] |
|||
| {{nts|18,000}}<ref name=soyuz-5-perf>{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/soyuz5-lv-2017.html |title=Preliminary design for Soyuz-5 races to completion |website=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=7 August 2017 |access-date=2 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|2,500}} to GEO |
|||
| 2024<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tass.ru/kosmos/16918711 |title=Первый пуск "Союза-5" запланировали на 2024 год |trans-title=First launch of Soyuz-5 scheduled for 2024 |work=[[TASS]] |date=30 January 2023 |access-date=30 January 2023 |language=ru}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Soyuz-6]] |
|||
|{{RUS}} |
|{{RUS}} |
||
|[[TsSKB-Progress]] |
|[[TsSKB-Progress]] |
||
| Line 1,188: | Line 1,182: | ||
|2025 |
|2025 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|Stalker |
|||
|SL1 |
|||
|{{ |
|{{RUS}} |
||
|[[ |
|[[SR space]] |
||
| |
|950 |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2024 |
|||
|2025 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Yenisei (rocket)|Yenisei]]<ref name="zak-yenisei">{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=19 February 2019 |title=The Yenisei super-heavy rocket |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/superheavy.html |access-date=20 February 2019 |work=RussianSpaceWeb}}</ref> |
|||
| [[Space Launch System|SLS Block 1B]]{{efn|with [[Exploration Upper Stage|EUS]]}} |
|||
| |
|{{RUS}} |
||
| |
|[[TsSKB-Progress]]<br />[[RSC Energia]] |
||
| |
|{{nts|88,000}} – 115,000<ref name="tass-20180123">{{cite news |date=23 January 2018 |title=Russia to launch super-heavy rocket to Moon in 2032–2035 |agency=[[TASS]] |url=http://tass.com/science/986450 |access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref> |
||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|27,000}} to TLI<ref name="energia-5v">{{cite web |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=24 November 2017 |title=Russia charts new roadmap to super-heavy rocket |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/superheavy-2017.html |access-date=6 June 2018 |website=Russian Space Web}}</ref><ref name="popmech-20190208">{{cite news |last=Zak |first=Anatoly |date=8 February 2019 |title=Russia Is Now Working on a Super Heavy Rocket of Its Own |work=[[Popular Mechanics]] |url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a16761777/russia-super-heavy-rocket/ |access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 April 2019 |title=Roscosmos unveils characteristics of super-heavy rockets for flights to the Moon (In Russian) |work=RIA NOVOSTI |url=https://ria.ru/20190424/1553021395.html}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|37,000}} to TLI<ref name=NASA-SLS>{{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/to-the-moon.html |title=The Great Escape: SLS Provides Power for Missions to the Moon |publisher=[[NASA]] |first=Jennifer |last=Harbaugh |date=9 July 2018 |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|2030s |
|||
| 2027<ref name="sn-20221030">{{cite web |last=Foust |first=Jeff |url=https://spacenews.com/lunar-landing-restored-for-artemis-4-mission/ |title=Lunar landing restored for Artemis 4 mission |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=30 October 2022 |access-date=15 December 2022}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Indian launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
| [[Space Launch System|SLS Block 2]]{{efn|with [[Exploration Upper Stage|EUS]] and <br/> advanced boosters}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
| {{USA}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
| [[NASA]] / [[Boeing]] <br/> [[Northrop Grumman]] |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
| {{nts|130,000}}<ref name=creech-2014>{{cite web |first=Stephen |last=Creech |publisher=[[NASA]] |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/Creech_SLS_Deep_Space.pdf |title=NASA's Space Launch System: A Capability for Deep Space Exploration |page=2 |date=April 2014 |access-date=4 September 2018}}</ref> |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|||
| {{nts|45,000}} to HCO<ref name=NASA-SLS /> |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
| data-sort-value=2029|late 2020s (TBD) |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Agnibaan]] |
|||
| {{IND}} |
|||
| [[AgniKul Cosmos]] |
|||
| {{nts|100}} |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-26 |title=5 Indian space startups to watch in 2023 |url=https://www.techcircle.in/2022/12/26/the-five-most-important-space-startups-to-watch-in-2023 |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Techcircle |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Vikram 1]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle">{{Cite web |date=2019-01-10 |title=Launch Vehicle |url=https://skyroot.in/launch-vehicle/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215065720/https://skyroot.in/launch-vehicle/ |archive-date=2020-12-15 |access-date=2019-04-21 |website=Skyroot Aerospace |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|Spectrum |
|||
|{{ |
|{{IND}} |
||
|[[Skyroot Aerospace]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Skyroot Aerospace |url=https://skyroot.in/ |access-date=2019-04-21 |website=Skyroot Aerospace |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Isar Aerospace]] |
|||
|{{nts|315}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
|{{nts|1,000}}<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Spectrum |url=https://www.isaraerospace.com/spectrum |access-date=2022-03-05 |website=Isar Aerospace |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|200}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
|700 to SSO<ref name=":8" /> |
|||
|2023<ref |
|2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=Skyroot Aerospace's Mission Prarambh: A closer look at India's first private rocket launch |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/skyroot-aerospaces-mission-prarambh-a-closer-look-at-indias-first-private-rocket-launch-9474891.html |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=Moneycontrol |language=en}}</ref> |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Skyroot Aerospace|Vikram 2]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle" /> |
|||
|Stalker |
|||
|{{ |
|{{IND}} |
||
|[[ |
|[[Skyroot Aerospace]] |
||
|{{nts|520}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
|950 |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|410}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
|{{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Skyroot Aerospace|Vikram 3]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle" /> |
|||
|{{IND}} |
|||
|[[Skyroot Aerospace]] |
|||
|{{nts|720}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|580}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
|2024 |
|||
|{{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Japanese and Taiwanese launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
| [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930">{{cite web |title=Starship |work=SpaceX |url=https://www.spacex.com/starship |access-date=1 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930163150/https://www.spacex.com/starship |archive-date=30 September 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><br/> (Single launch, reusable) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
| {{USA}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
| [[SpaceX]] |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
| {{nts|150,000}}<ref name="merged1">{{cite tweet |last=Musk |first=Elon |author-link=Elon Musk |user=elonmusk |number=1245063992361406464 |date=31 March 2020 |title=@Erdayastronaut @SpaceX @flightclubio Mass of initial SN ships will be a little high & Isp a little low, but, over time, it will be ~150t to LEO fully reusable |language=en |access-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208094841/https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1245063992361406464 |archive-date=8 December 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=SpaceX |url=http://www.spacex.com/ |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=SpaceX |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
| {{nts|21,000}}<ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Starship Users Guide |url=https://www.spacex.com/media/starship_users_guide_v1.pdf |website=spacex.com |access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|- |
||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
| 2023 (orbital) <ref>{{Cite web |last=Berger |first=Eric |date=2022-12-09 |title=Rocket Report: Starship flight test slips to 2023; first methane launch is imminent |url=https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/12/rocket-report-first-uk-launch-slips-to-2023-ukrainian-rocket-startup-perseveres/ |access-date=2022-12-29 |website=Ars Technica |language=en-us}}</ref> |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Epsilon S]] |
|||
| {{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Japan]] |
|||
| [[JAXA]] |
|||
| 1,400 |
|||
| |
|||
|600 to SSO |
|||
| 2023 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Kairos |
|||
| [[SpaceX Starship|Starship]]<ref name="sx20190930"/><br/> (Additional refuelling launches) |
|||
| |
|{{JPN}} |
||
|Space One |
|||
| [[SpaceX]] |
|||
|100 |
|||
| {{nts|100,000}}+<ref name="sx20190930"/><ref name="merged1"/> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|100,000}}+<br/><ref name="sx20190930"/> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|100,000}}+ to Mars surface<ref name="sx20190930"/><br/>{{nts|100,000}}+ to lunar surface<ref name="sx20190930"/> |
|||
|2023 |
|||
| 2023 (TBD)<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-28 |title=FAA delays completion of Starship environmental review |url=https://spacenews.com/faa-delays-completion-of-starship-environmental-review/ |access-date=2022-01-02 |website=SpaceNews |language=en-US}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
|[[Zero (rocket)|Zero]] |
||
| |
|{{JPN}} |
||
|[[Interstellar Technologies]] |
|||
| [[Relativity Space]] |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|33,500}}<ref name="relativity-20230412">{{cite press release |url=https://www.relativityspace.com/press-release/2023/4/12/terran-r |title=Relativity Space Shares Updated Go-to-Market Approach for Terran R, Taking Aim at Medium to Heavy Payload Category with Next-Generation Rocket |work=[[Relativity Space]] |date=12 April 2023 |access-date=12 April 2023}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|5,500}}<ref name="relativity-20230412" /> |
|||
| |
| |
||
|{{nts|100}} to SSO{{efn|name=500km}}<ref name="spacenews-zero">{{cite news |last=Werner |first=Debra |date=9 August 2018 |title=Japan's Interstellar Technologies goes full throttle toward small orbital rocket |work=[[SpaceNews]] |url=https://spacenews.com/japans-interstellar-technologies-goes-full-throttle-toward-small-orbital-rocket/ |access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| 2026<ref name="relativity-20230412" /> |
|||
|2023<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yamanaka |first1=Hirofumi |last2=Kugai |first2=Shoko |date=27 May 2020 |title=LNG-powered rocket offers boost to Japan's private space industry |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Aerospace-Defense/LNG-powered-rocket-offers-boost-to-Japan-s-private-space-industry |access-date=30 April 2021 |work=[[Nikkei Asia]]}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|HAPITH V |
|||
|[[Vector-R]] |
|||
|{{Flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan]] |
|||
|{{USA}} |
|||
{{AUS}} |
|||
|[[Vector Launch]] |
|||
|[[TiSPACE]] |
|||
|60 |
|||
|390 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
| |
||
|26 to SSO |
|||
|TBA |
|TBA |
||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming South American launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
| [[Vega (rocket)|Vega E]] |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
| {{flag|Europe}} |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
| [[European Space Agency|ESA]] / [[Italian Space Agency|ASI]] |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
| {{nts|3000}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avio.com/en/vega/vega-e/vega-e-mira-motor/ |title=Vega E: M10 motor / Mira |publisher=[[Avio]] |access-date=7 June 2018 |archive-date=19 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419181644/http://www.avio.com/en/vega/vega-e/vega-e-mira-motor/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|- |
||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
| 2025<ref>{{cite web |last=Henry |first=Caleb |url=https://spacenews.com/avio-anticipating-vega-c-upgrade-funding-at-esa-ministerial-vega-return-to-flight-in-march/ |title=Avio anticipating Vega C upgrade funding at ESA ministerial, Vega return to flight in March |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=7 November 2019 |access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref> |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| Aventura 1 |
|||
| [[Vikram 1]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle">{{Cite web|url=https://skyroot.in/launch-vehicle/|title=Launch Vehicle|date=2019-01-10|website=Skyroot Aerospace|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-21|archive-date=2020-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215065720/https://skyroot.in/launch-vehicle/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
|||
| {{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Argentina]] |
|||
| {{IND}} |
|||
| TLON Space |
|||
| [[Skyroot Aerospace]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://skyroot.in/|title=Skyroot Aerospace|website=Skyroot Aerospace|language=en-US|access-date=2019-04-21}}</ref> |
|||
| 25 |
|||
| {{nts|315}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
| |
| |
||
| |
|||
| {{nts|200}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
| 2024 |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=Skyroot Aerospace's Mission Prarambh: A closer look at India's first private rocket launch |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/skyroot-aerospaces-mission-prarambh-a-closer-look-at-indias-first-private-rocket-launch-9474891.html |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=Moneycontrol |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Skyroot Aerospace|Vikram 2]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle"/> |
|||
| {{IND}} |
|||
| [[Skyroot Aerospace]] |
|||
| {{nts|520}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|410}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
| {{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Skyroot Aerospace|Vikram 3]]<ref name="Launch Vehicle"/> |
|||
| {{IND}} |
|||
| [[Skyroot Aerospace]] |
|||
| {{nts|720}} to 45º inclination 500 km LEO |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|580}} to 500 km SSPO |
|||
| {{abbr|TBA|To be announced}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[VLM (rocket)|VLM]] |
|[[VLM (rocket)|VLM]] |
||
| Line 1,303: | Line 1,320: | ||
| |
| |
||
|2025 |
|2025 |
||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Korean launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
|- |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Blue Whale 1]] |
|||
| {{KOR}} |
|||
| [[Perigee Aerospace]] |
|||
| 150 [https://perigee.space/mission/] |
|||
| |
|||
|170 to SSO |
|||
| 2024 |
|||
|- |
|||
|Hanbit-Nano |
|||
|{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[South Korea]] |
|||
|Innospace |
|||
|50 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|2024 |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Korean launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
|- |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Eris (rocket)|Eris]] |
|||
| {{AUS}} |
|||
| [[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |
|||
| {{nts|305}}<ref name="LAUNCH">{{Cite web |title=LAUNCH |url=https://www.gspacetech.com/launch |access-date=2021-05-29 |website=Gilmour Space |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.gspacetech.com/post/gilmour-space-announces-first-caravan-rideshare-mission-to-leo |title=Gilmour Space announces first 'Caravan' rideshare mission to LEO |work=[[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |date=19 September 2022 |access-date=19 September 2022 |quote=[The company] is expecting to launch its first Eris vehicle from the Bowen Orbital Spaceport in Queensland, Australia, early next year.}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Eris (rocket)|Eris]] Block 2 |
|||
|{{AUS}} |
|||
|[[Gilmour Space Technologies]] |
|||
|1,000 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|2024 |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Rocket Lab Neutron|Neutron]] |
|||
|{{USA}}<br />{{NZL}} |
|||
|[[Rocket Lab]] |
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|{{nts|8000}} |
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| |
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| |
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|2024<ref name=":3" /> |
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|- |
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|HAPITH V |
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|{{Flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taiwan]] |
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{{AUS}} |
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|[[TiSPACE]] |
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|390 |
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| |
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| |
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|TBA |
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|} |
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'''Upcoming Iranian launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
|- |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Qaem 100 (rocket)|Qaem-100]] |
|||
| {{IRI}} |
|||
| [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] |
|||
| 80<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRGC Launches Satellite Carrier into Space - Politics news |url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2022/11/05/2799456/irgc-launches-satellite-carrier-into-space |access-date=2022-11-07 |website=Tasnim News Agency |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| TBA |
|||
|- |
|||
|[[Zuljanah (rocket)|Zuljanah]] |
|||
|{{IRI}} |
|||
|[[Iranian Space Agency]] |
|||
|{{nts|220}}<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |title=Iran's New Space Rocket Could Double As A Nuclear Missile |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2021/02/01/irans-new-space-rocket-could-double-as-a-weapon/ |access-date=2021-03-08 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|TBA |
|||
|} |
|||
'''Upcoming Singaporean launch vehicles''' |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:1.00em; line-height:1.5em;" |
|||
|- |
|||
! rowspan="2" width="120" | Vehicle |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Origin |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Manufacturer |
|||
! colspan="3" | Payload mass to ... (kg) |
|||
! rowspan="2" | Date of first flight |
|||
|- |
|||
! [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
|||
! [[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]] |
|||
! Other |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Volans |
|Volans (?) |
||
|{{Flagicon|Singapore}} [[Singapore]] |
|{{Flagicon|Singapore}} [[Singapore]] |
||
|[[Equatorial Space Systems]] |
|[[Equatorial Space Systems]] |
||
| Line 1,310: | Line 1,445: | ||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|TBA |
|||
|2024 |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Vulcan (rocket)|Vulcan]] / [[Centaur (rocket stage)|Centaur]] |
|||
| {{USA}} |
|||
| [[United Launch Alliance|ULA]] |
|||
| {{nts|27200}}<ref name= ULA_tech_sheet>{{cite web |url=https://www.ulalaunch.com/docs/default-source/rockets/atlas-v-and-delta-iv-technical-summary.pdf |title=Rocket Rundown – A Fleet Overview |work=[[United Launch Alliance|ULA]] |date=November 2019 |access-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> |
|||
| {{nts|14400}}<ref name= ULA_tech_sheet/> |
|||
| 7,200 to GEO<ref name= ULA_tech_sheet/> <br/>12,100 to TLI |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=ULA Sets Path Forward for Inaugural Vulcan Flight Test |url=https://www.ulalaunch.com/about/news/2022/10/12/ula-sets-path-forward-for-inaugural-vulcan-flight-test |access-date=2022-10-14 |website=www.ulalaunch.com}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
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| [[Yenisei (rocket)|Yenisei]]<ref name=zak-yenisei>{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/superheavy.html |title=The Yenisei super-heavy rocket |work=RussianSpaceWeb |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=19 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref> |
|||
| {{RUS}} |
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| [[TsSKB-Progress]]<br/>[[RSC Energia]] |
|||
| {{nts|88,000}} – 115,000<ref name=tass-20180123>{{cite news |title=Russia to launch super-heavy rocket to Moon in 2032–2035 |url=http://tass.com/science/986450 |agency=[[TASS]] |date=23 January 2018 |access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| {{nts|27,000}} to TLI<ref name=energia-5v>{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/superheavy-2017.html |title=Russia charts new roadmap to super-heavy rocket |website=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=24 November 2017 |access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref><ref name=popmech-20190208 /><ref>{{Cite news|date=24 April 2019|title=Roscosmos unveils characteristics of super-heavy rockets for flights to the Moon (In Russian)|work=RIA NOVOSTI|url=https://ria.ru/20190424/1553021395.html}}</ref> |
|||
| 2028<ref name=popmech-20190208>{{cite news |url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/rockets/a16761777/russia-super-heavy-rocket/ |title=Russia Is Now Working on a Super Heavy Rocket of Its Own |work=[[Popular Mechanics]] |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=8 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019}}</ref> |
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|- |
|- |
||
|Volans V500 |
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|Zephyr |
|||
|{{Flagicon| |
|{{Flagicon|Singapore}} [[Singapore]] |
||
|[[Equatorial Space Systems]] |
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|Latitude |
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| |
|150 |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
| |
||
|2024 |
|2024 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|Volans (?) |
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| [[Zero (rocket)|Zero]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Singapore}} [[Singapore]] |
|||
| {{JPN}} |
|||
|[[Equatorial Space Systems]] |
|||
| [[Interstellar Technologies]] |
|||
| |
|500 |
||
| |
| |
||
| |
|||
| {{nts|100}} to SSO{{efn|name=500km}}<ref name=spacenews-zero>{{cite news |url=https://spacenews.com/japans-interstellar-technologies-goes-full-throttle-toward-small-orbital-rocket/ |title=Japan's Interstellar Technologies goes full throttle toward small orbital rocket |first=Debra |last=Werner |work=[[SpaceNews]] |date=9 August 2018 |access-date=11 August 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|TBA |
|||
| 2023<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yamanaka |first1=Hirofumi |last2=Kugai |first2=Shoko |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Aerospace-Defense/LNG-powered-rocket-offers-boost-to-Japan-s-private-space-industry |title=LNG-powered rocket offers boost to Japan's private space industry |work=[[Nikkei Asia]] |date=27 May 2020 |access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
| [[Zuljanah (rocket)|Zuljanah]] |
|||
| {{IRI}} |
|||
| [[Iranian Space Agency]] |
|||
| {{nts|220}}<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=Axe|first=David|title=Iran's New Space Rocket Could Double As A Nuclear Missile|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2021/02/01/irans-new-space-rocket-could-double-as-a-weapon/|access-date=2021-03-08|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref> |
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| |
|||
| |
|||
| TBA |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
| Line 3,241: | Line 3,349: | ||
| 1958 |
| 1958 |
||
| 1958 |
| 1958 |
||
|- |
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|[[SS-520]] |
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|{{JAP}} |
|||
|[[IHI Aerospace]] |
|||
|{{nts|4}}<ref name="gsp-ss520">{{cite web |last=Krebs |first=Gunter |title=SS-520 |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/ss-520.htm |access-date=5 November 2017 |website=Gunter's Space Page}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|{{nts|2}}<ref>{{cite news |last1=Graham |first1=William |date=3 February 2018 |title=Japanese sounding rocket claims record-breaking orbital launch |work=[[NASASpaceFlight]] |url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2018/02/japanese-rocket-record-borbital-launch/ |access-date=3 February 2018}}</ref> |
|||
|2017<ref>{{cite news |date=14 January 2017 |title=Experimental Launch of World's Smallest Orbital Space Rocket ends in Failure |work=Spaceflight 101 |url=http://spaceflight101.com/ss-520-4-rocket-launches-on-experimental-mission/ |access-date=5 November 2017}}</ref>{{efn|A prior version of the SS-520 flew twice as a suborbital sounding rocket in 1998 and 2000. In 2017, the addition of a small third stage enabled orbital launches of ultra-light [[nanosatellite|nano-]] or [[picosatellite]]s.<ref name=gsp-ss520 />}} |
|||
|2018 |
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|- |
|- |
||
| [[Start-1]] |
| [[Start-1]] |
||
Revision as of 17:48, 8 July 2023
.jpg)
This comparison of orbital launch systems lists the attributes of all individual rocket configurations designed to reach orbit. A first list contains rockets that are operational or in development as of 2022; a second list includes all retired rockets. For the simple list of all conventional launcher families, see: Comparison of orbital launchers families. For the list of predominantly solid-fueled orbital launch systems, see: Comparison of solid-fueled orbital launch systems.
Spacecraft propulsion[note 1] is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites. Orbital launch systems are rockets and other systems capable of placing payloads into or beyond Earth orbit. All launch vehicle propulsion systems employed to date have been chemical rockets falling into one of three main categories:
- Solid-propellant rockets or solid-fuel rockets have a motor that uses solid propellants, typically a mix of powdered fuel and oxidizer held together by a polymer binder and molded into the shape of a hollow cylinder. The cylinder is ignited from the inside and burns radially outward, with the resulting expanding gases and aerosols escaping out via the nozzle.[note 2]
- Liquid-propellant rockets have a motor that feeds liquid propellant(s) into a combustion chamber. Most liquid engines use a bipropellant, consisting of two liquid propellants (fuel and oxidizer) which are stored and handled separately before being mixed and burned inside the combustion chamber.
- Hybrid-propellant rockets use a combination of solid and liquid propellant, typically involving a liquid oxidizer being pumped through a hollow cylinder of solid fuel.
All current spacecraft use conventional chemical rockets (solid-fuel or liquid bipropellant) for launch, though some[note 3] have used air-breathing engines on their first stage.[note 4]
Current rockets
Orbits legend:
- LEO, low Earth orbit
- SSO or SSPO, near-polar Sun-synchronous orbit
- polar, polar orbit
- MEO, medium Earth orbit
- GTO, geostationary transfer orbit
- GEO, geostationary orbit (direct injection)
- HEO, high Earth orbit
- HCO, heliocentric orbit
- TLI, trans-lunar injection
- TMI, trans-Mars injection
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Orbital launches incl. failures[a] | Date of flight | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | First | Latest | ||||
| Alpha |  United States
|
Firefly Aerospace | 1,000[1] | 630 to SSO | 2 | 2021 | 2022 | |
| Angara A5 |  Russia
|
Khrunichev | 24,000[2] | 5,400 with Briz-M[2] 7,500 with KVTK |
3[3] | 2014 | 2021 | |
| Angara 1.2 | Russia
|
Khrunichev | 3,500[2] | 2,400 to SSO | 2[4] | 2022 | 2022 | |
| Antares 230 / 230+ | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 8,200[5] | 3,000 to SSO[b] | 6[6] | 2016 | 2022 | |
| Atlas V 551 | United States
|
ULA | 18,500[7] | 8,700 | 13,550 to SSO 3,960 to GEO |
12[7] | 2006 | 2021 |
| Atlas V N22[c] | United States
|
ULA | 13,000 | 2 | 2019[9] | 2022 | ||
| Ceres-1 |  China
|
Galactic Energy | 400[10] | 300 to SSO[10] | 5[11] | 2020 | 2023 | |
| Chollima-1 |  North Korea
|
NADA | ≥300[12] | 1 | 2023 | 2023 | ||
| Delta IV Heavy | United States
|
ULA | 28,790[13] | 14,220 | 23,560 to polar 11,290 to TLI 8,000 to TMI |
15[14] | 2004 | 2023 |
| Electron | United States New Zealand
|
Rocket Lab | 300[15] | 200 to SSO[15] | 37[16] | 2017 | 2023 | |
| Epsilon |  Japan
|
IHI[17] | 1,500[18] | 590 to SSO | 6[19] | 2013 | 2019 | |
| Falcon 9 Block 5(partially reusable) | United States
|
SpaceX | 17,400 | 5,500 | 179 | 2017 | 2023 | |
| Falcon 9 Block 5(expended) | United States
|
SpaceX | 22,800 | 8,300 | 11 | 2018 | 2022 | |
| Falcon Heavy (partially reusable)[20] |
United States
|
SpaceX | 30,000[21]–57,000[22] | 8,000[23]–10,000[d] | 10[25][26] | 2018 | 2023 | |
| Falcon Heavy (expended) |
United States
|
SpaceX | 63,800[27] | 26,700[27] | 16,800 to TMI[27] | 1[28] | 2023 | 2023 |
| GSLV Mk II |  India
|
ISRO | 5,000[29] | 2,700[30][e] | 9[31] | 2010 | 2023 | |
| LVM 3 | India
|
ISRO | 10,000[32] | 4,000 | 2,380 to TLI | 6[33] | 2017[f] | 2023 |
| H-IIA 202 | Japan
|
Mitsubishi | 8,000[35]: 67 | 4,000[35]: 48 | 5,100 to SSO[g] [35]: 64–65 |
31[36] | 2001 | 2023 |
| H3 | Japan
|
Mitsubishi | [37] | 6,500[38] | 4,000 to SSO[39] | 1 | 2023 | 2023 |
| Hyperbola-1 | China
|
i-Space | 300[40] | 5[41] | 2019[42][h] | 2023 | ||
| Jielong 1[43] | China
|
CALT | 200 (SSO) | 1[43] | 2019 | 2019 | ||
| Jielong 3 | China
|
CALT | 1,500 (500 km SSO) | 1[44] | 2022 | 2022 | ||
| Kaituozhe-2 | China
|
CASC | 800[45] | 1[45] | 2017 | 2017 | ||
| Kinetica 1 | China
|
CAS Space | 2,000[46] | 1,500[47] TO 500 km SSO | 2[48] | 2022 | 2023 | |
| Kuaizhou 1/1A | China
|
ExPace | 400[49] | 250 to SSO | 22 | 2013[i] | 2023 | |
| Kuaizhou 11 | China
|
ExPace | 1,500[50] | 1,000 to SSO[51] | 2 | 2020 | 2022 | |
| Long March 2C | China
|
CALT | 3,850 [citation needed] |
1,250 with CTS2 | 2,000 to SSO with YZ-1S[52] | 69[53] | 1982 | 2023 |
| Long March 2D | China
|
SAST | 4,000 | 1,150 to SSO | 76[53] | 1992 | 2023 | |
| Long March 2F | China
|
CALT | 8,600 | 20[53] | 1999 | 2023 | ||
| Long March 3A | China
|
CALT | 6,000[54] | 2,600 | 5,000 to SSO | 27[55] | 1994 | 2018 |
| Long March 3B/E | China
|
CALT | 11,500[54] | 5,500 | 6,900 to SSO | 78[55] | 2007 | 2023 |
| Long March 3C | China
|
CALT | 9,100[54] | 3,800 | 6,500 to SSO | 18[55] | 2008 | 2021 |
| Long March 4B | China
|
SAST | 4,200[56] | 1,500 | 2,800 to SSO | 47[56] | 1999 | 2022 |
| Long March 4C | China
|
SAST | 4,200[57] | 1,500 | 2,800 to SSO | 49[56] | 2006 | 2023 |
| Long March 5 | China
|
CALT | 14,000 [58] | 15,000 to SSO[59] 9,400 to TLI[58] 6,000 to TMI[58] |
5[59] | 2016 | 2020 | |
| Long March 5B | China
|
CALT | 25,000[59] | 4[59] | 2020[60] | 2022 | ||
| Long March 6 | China
|
SAST | 1,080 to SSO[61] | 11[62] | 2015 | 2023 | ||
| Long March 6A | China
|
SAST | 4,000 to SSO[63] | 2[62] | 2022 | 2022 | ||
| Long March 7 | China
|
CALT | 13,500[64] | 5,500 to SSO | 7[65] | 2016[66] | 2023 | |
| Long March 7A | China
|
CALT | 5,500 to 7,000[60] | 5[65] | 2020 | 2023 | ||
| Long March 8 | China
|
CALT | 8,400 | 2,800 | 5,000 to SSO | 2[67] | 2020 | 2022 |
| Long March 11 | China
|
CALT | 700[68] | 350 to SSO | 16[69] | 2015 | 2023 | |
| Minotaur I | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 580[70] | 12[71] | 2000 | 2021 | ||
| Minotaur IV | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 1,735[72] | 5[73][j] | 2010 | 2020 | ||
| Minotaur V | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 670[73] | 465 to HCO | 1[73] | 2013 | 2013 | |
| Minotaur-C (Taurus)[74] | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 1,458[75] | 1,054 to SSO[k] | 10[76] | 1994 | 2017 | |
| Nuri (KSLV-II) |  South Korea
|
KARI | 2,600 | 1,500 to SSO[77][78] | 3[78] | 2021 | 2023 | |
| OS-M1 | China
|
OneSpace | 205[79] | 143 to SSO | 1 | 2019[80][l] | 2019 | |
| Pegasus | United States
|
Northrop Grumman | 500[82] | 44[82][83] | 1990 | 2019 | ||
| Proton-M | Russia
|
Khrunichev | 23,000[84][85] | 6,150 (M) 6,920 (M+) |
115[86][87][88] | 2001 | 2023 | |
| PSLV-CA | India
|
ISRO | 2,100[89] | 1,100 to SSO | 16[89] | 2007 | 2023 | |
| PSLV-DL | India
|
ISRO | 1[89] | 2019 | 2021 | |||
| PSLV-QL | India
|
ISRO | 2[89] | 2019 | 2019 | |||
| PSLV-XL | India
|
ISRO | 3,800[89] | 1,300 | 1,750 to SSO 550 to TMI[90] |
21[89] | 2008 | 2020 |
| Qased |  Iran
|
Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) | 2 | 2020 | 2022 | |||
| RS1 | United States
|
ABL Space Systems | 1,350[91] | 400 | 1,000 to SSO 750 to MEO |
1 | 2023[92] | 2023 |
| Shavit-2 |  Israel
|
IAI | 400 inRetrograde | 6 | 2007 | 2023 | ||
| Simorgh | Iran
|
Iranian Space Agency | 350[93] | 2[93][m] | 2017 | 2019 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1a | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress | 7,020 from Baikonur[94] | 60[95][96][97] | 2006[n] | 2023 | ||
| Soyuz-2.1b | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress | 8,200 from Baikonur[94] | 2,400[98] | 63[96][99] | 2006 | 2023 | |
| Soyuz-2-1v | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress | 2,800[100] | 1,400 to SSO | 10[100] | 2013 | 2023 | |
| Starship[101](expendable) | United States
|
SpaceX | 250,000[102] | 1 | 2023 | 2023 | ||
| SLS Block 1 | United States
|
NASA / Boeing Northrop Grumman |
95,000[103] | 27,000+ to TLI[104] | 1 | 2022[105] | 2022 | |
| SSLV | India
|
ISRO | 500[106] | 300 to SSO | 2[107] | 2022 | 2023 | |
| Unha-3 | North Korea
|
KCST | 200 | 4[108] | 2009[o] | 2016 | ||
| Tianlong-2 | China
|
Space Pioneer | 2,000[109] | 1,500 to SSO | 1 | 2023 | 2023 | |
| Vega |  Europe
|
ESA / ASI | 1,500[p][110] | 1,330 to SSO[111] | 15[112] | 2012 | 2020 | |
| Vega C | Europe
|
ESA / ASI | 3,300[113] | 2,200 to SSO[113] | 2[114] | 2022 | 2022 | |
| Zhuque-2 | China
|
LandSpace | 4,000[115] | 2,000 to SSO | 1 | 2022[116] | 2022 | |
- ^ Suborbital flight tests and on-pad explosions are excluded, but launches failing en route to orbit are included.
- ^ Reference altitude 500 km
- ^ for Starliner[8]
- ^ GTO payload is 8,000 kg when the core first-stage booster lands downrange on a drone ship (ASDS) and the side boosters return to the launch site (RTLS). Increased to 10,000 kg if all boosters land on drone ships.[24]
- ^ GTO payload with enhanced engines, as of GSLV version 2A[31]
- ^ A suborbital test flight was conducted in 2014 (designated LVM-3/CARE) without the cryogenic upper stage (CUS).[34]
- ^ 5,100 kg to a 500-km Sun-synchronous orbit; 3,300 kg to 800 km[35]: 64–65
- ^ A suborbital test flight was conducted in April 2018.[40]
- ^ A suborbital test flight was conducted in March 2012.[49]
- ^ Additionally, two suborbital missions were conducted in 2010 and 2011.[73]
- ^ Reference altitude 400 km
- ^ A suborbital test flight was conducted in May 2018.[81]
- ^ A suborbital test flight succeeded in 2016; both orbital flights in 2017 and 2019 failed.[93]
- ^ Suborbital test flight in 2004, without Fregat upper stage.[95]
- ^ A suborbital test flight failed in 2006. The first two orbital missions failed in 2009 and 2012, and the rocket finally reached orbit in late 2012.[108]
- ^ Reference altitude 700 km
Upcoming rockets
Upcoming North American launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Antares 330 | United States
|
Northrop Grumman/ | > 8,000[117] | 2024 | ||
| Aurora |  Canada
|
Reaction Dynamics | 150 | 2024 | ||
| C6 Launch Vehicle | Canada
|
C6 Launch Systems | 100 | 2024 | ||
| Daytona | United States
|
Phantom Space | 425 | 2023 | ||
| Dauntless | United States
|
Vaya Space | 1,000 | 2024 | ||
| Laguna | United States
|
Phantom Space | 630-1,200 | TBA | ||
| MLV | United States
|
Firefly Aerospace | 14,000 | 2025[118] | ||
| Neutron | United States New Zealand
|
Rocket Lab | 8,000 | 2024[119] | ||
| New Glenn | United States
|
Blue Origin | 45,000[120] | 13,000 | 2024 | |
| Rocket 4 |  USA
|
Astra | 600 | 2023 | ||
| SLS Block 1B[b] | United States
|
NASA / Boeing Northrop Grumman |
105,000[121] | 37,000 to TLI[122] | 208 | |
| SLS Block 2[c] | United States
|
NASA / Boeing Northrop Grumman |
130,000[123] | 45,000 to HCO[122] | 2033 | |
| Starship[101] (Single launch, reusable) |
United States
|
SpaceX | 150,000[124][102] | 21,000[125] | TBA | |
| Starship[101] (Additional refuelling launches) |
United States
|
SpaceX | 100,000+[101][124] | 100,000+ [101] |
100,000+ to Mars surface[101] 100,000+ to lunar surface[101] |
TBA |
| Terran R | United States
|
Relativity Space | 33,500[126] | 5,500[126] | 2026[126] | |
| Vector-R | United States
|
Vector Launch | 60 | 26 to SSO | TBA | |
| Vulcan / Centaur | United States
|
ULA | 27,200[127] | 14,400[127] | 7,200 to GEO[127] 12,100 to TLI |
2023[128] |
Upcoming Chinese launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Darwin-1 | China
|
Rocket Pi | 470 | 2024 | ||
| Gravity-1 | China
|
Orienspace | 6,500 | 4,200 to SSO | 2023 | |
| Gravity-2 | China
|
Orienspace | 15,500 | 5,800 | 10,900 to SSO | 2024 |
| Hyperbola-2 | China
|
i-Space | 2,000[40] | 2023[47] | ||
| Long March 9 | China
|
CALT | 150,000[129] | 66,000[130] | 53,000 to TLI[129] 40,000 to TMI[131] |
2033 |
| Long March 10 | China
|
CALT | 70,000 | 27,000 to TLI | 2027 | |
| Nebula-1 | China
|
Deep Blue Aerospace | 1,000 | 2024 | ||
| New Line 1 [132] |
China
|
LinkSpace | 200 to SSO[132] | TBA | ||
| OS-M2 | China
|
OneSpace | 390[79] | 292 to SSO | TBA | |
| Pallas-1 | China
|
Galactic Energy | 5,000 | 3,000 to SSO | 2024[133] | |
Upcoming European launch vehicles (without Russian launch vehicles)
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Ariane 6 A62 | Europe
|
ArianeGroup | 10,350[134]: 45 | 5,000[134]: 33 | 6,450 to SSO 3,000 to HEO 3,000 to TLI [134]: 40–49 |
2024[135] |
| Ariane 6 A64 | Europe
|
ArianeGroup | 21,650[134]: 46 | 11,500+ [134]: 33 | 14,900 to SSO 5,000 to GEO 8,400 to HEO 8,500 to TLI [134]: 40–49 |
2024[135] |
| Cyclone-4M |  Ukraine
|
Yuzhnoye Yuzhmash |
5,000[136] | 1,000[137] | 3,350 to SSO[136] | 2025[138] |
| Hera II |  United Kingdom
|
Astraius | 2024 | |||
| Miura 5 |  Spain
|
PLD Space | 900 | 450 to SSO | 2024[139] | |
| Prime | United Kingdom
|
Orbex | 220[140] | 150 to SSO[d][141] | 2023[142] | |
| RFA One |  Germany
|
Rocket Factory Augsburg AG | 1,600[143] | 450[143] | 2024[144] | |
| Skyrora XL | United Kingdom
|
Skyrora | 335[145] | 315 to SSO[145] | 2024 | |
| SL1 | Germany
|
HyImpulse | 500 | 2025 | ||
| Spectrum | Germany
|
Isar Aerospace | 1,000[146] | 700 to SSO[146] | 2023[147] | |
| Vega E | Europe
|
ESA / ASI | 3,000[148] | 2026 | ||
| Zephyr |  France
|
Latitude | 72 | 2024 | ||
Upcoming Russian launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Amur (Soyuz-7) | Russia
|
JSC SRC Progress | 10,500[149] | 2,600 | 4,700 to SSO | 2026[149] |
| Cosmos | Russia
|
SR space | 100 | TBD | ||
| Rokot-M | Russia
|
Khrunichev | ~2,000 | 2024 | ||
| Irtysh (Soyuz-5) | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress RSC Energia |
18,000[150] | 2,500 to GEO | 2024[151] | |
| Volga (Soyuz-6) | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress | 9,300 | 2,300 | 5,500 | 2025 |
| Stalker | Russia
|
SR space | 950 | 2024 | ||
| Yenisei[152] | Russia
|
TsSKB-Progress RSC Energia |
88,000 – 115,000[153] | 27,000 to TLI[154][155][156] | 2030s | |
Upcoming Indian launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Agnibaan | India
|
AgniKul Cosmos | 100 | 2023[157] | ||
| Vikram 1[158] | India
|
Skyroot Aerospace[159] | 315 to 45º inclination 500 km LEO | 200 to 500 km SSPO | 2023[160] | |
| Vikram 2[158] | India
|
Skyroot Aerospace | 520 to 45º inclination 500 km LEO | 410 to 500 km SSPO | TBA | |
| Vikram 3[158] | India
|
Skyroot Aerospace | 720 to 45º inclination 500 km LEO | 580 to 500 km SSPO | TBA | |
Upcoming Japanese and Taiwanese launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Epsilon S | Japan
|
JAXA | 1,400 | 600 to SSO | 2023 | |
| Kairos | Japan
|
Space One | 100 | 2023 | ||
| Zero | Japan
|
Interstellar Technologies | 100 to SSO[d][161] | 2023[162] | ||
| HAPITH V |  Taiwan
|
TiSPACE | 390 | TBA | ||
Upcoming South American launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Aventura 1 |  Argentina
|
TLON Space | 25 | 2024 | ||
| VLM |  Brazil
|
Institute of Aeronautics and Space | 150 | 2025 | ||
Upcoming Korean launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Blue Whale 1 | South Korea
|
Perigee Aerospace | 150 [2] | 170 to SSO | 2024 | |
| Hanbit-Nano | South Korea
|
Innospace | 50 | 2024 | ||
Upcoming Korean launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Eris |  Australia
|
Gilmour Space Technologies | 305[163] | 2023[164] | ||
| Eris Block 2 | Australia
|
Gilmour Space Technologies | 1,000 | 2024 | ||
| Neutron | United States New Zealand
|
Rocket Lab | 8,000 | 2024[119] | ||
| HAPITH V | Taiwan
|
TiSPACE | 390 | TBA | ||
Upcoming Iranian launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Qaem-100 | Iran
|
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps | 80[165] | TBA | ||
| Zuljanah | Iran
|
Iranian Space Agency | 220[166] | TBA | ||
Upcoming Singaporean launch vehicles
| Vehicle | Origin | Manufacturer | Payload mass to ... (kg) | Date of first flight | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | Other | ||||
| Volans (?) |  Singapore
|
Equatorial Space Systems | 60 | TBA | ||
| Volans V500 | Singapore
|
Equatorial Space Systems | 150 | 2024 | ||
| Volans (?) | Singapore
|
Equatorial Space Systems | 500 | TBA | ||
Retired rockets
- ^ First suborbital test in 1969, first orbital launch attempt in 1970
- ^ Without Buran, and assuming payload providing orbital insertion
- ^ a b The U.S. Space Shuttle Transportation System and the Soviet Energia-Buran system consist of launch vehicle rockets and returnable spaceplane orbiter. Payload values listed here are for the mass of the payload in cargo bay of the spaceplanes, excluding the mass of the spaceplanes themselves.
- ^ GTO payload is 5,550 kg when the first stage lands downrange on a drone ship (ASDS). Reduced to 3,500 kg if the first stage returns to the launch site (RTLS).[24]
- ^ Additionally, one rocket exploded on the launch pad in 2016.[213]
- ^ The SpaceX website lists the F9 payload to LEO as 13,150kg. The payload to GTO is listed as 4,850kg. However, SpaceX has stated that these numbers include a 30% margin to accommodate re-usability.
- ^ Suborbital test flights in 1995, 1997 and 2002, no orbital launches attempted
- ^ The N1 rocket was initially designed for 75 t LEO capacity and launch attempts were made with this version, but there were studies to increase the payload capacity to 90–95 t, if a liquid-hydrogen upper stage engine could be developed.
- ^ Additionally, two rockets exploded on the launch pad, one in 2012 and one in 2019.[255]
- ^ The Saturn V made 13 launches, 12 of which reached the correct orbits, and the other (Apollo 6) reached a different orbit than the one which had been planned; however, some mission objectives could still be completed; NASA, Saturn V News Reference, Appendix: Saturn V Flight History (1968) Archived 2011-05-17 at the Wayback Machine. For more information, see the Saturn V article. The Saturn V launch record is usually quoted as having never failed, e.g. "The rocket was masterminded by Wernher Von Braun and did not fail in any of its flights", Alan Lawrie and Robert Godwin; Saturn, but the Apollo 6 launch should be considered a partial mission failure. The 13th launch of Saturn V was in special configuration (SA-513) with the Skylab.
- ^ A prior version of the SS-520 flew twice as a suborbital sounding rocket in 1998 and 2000. In 2017, the addition of a small third stage enabled orbital launches of ultra-light nano- or picosatellites.[284]
- ^ A third rocket exploded before launch.
- ^ First orbital launch attempt in 2005
Launch systems by country
The following chart shows the number of launch systems developed in each country, and broken down by operational status. Rocket variants are not distinguished; i.e., the Atlas V series is only counted once for all its configurations 401–431, 501–551, 552, and N22.
10
20
30
40
50
AUS
BRZ
CHN
EUR
ESP
FRA
IND
IRN
ISR
JPN
NKR
NZL
RUS
SKR
TWN
UKR
UK
USA
- Operational
- In development
- Retired
See also
- Comparison of orbital launchers families
- Comparison of orbital rocket engines
- Comparison of crewed space vehicles
- Comparison of space station cargo vehicles
- List of space launch system designs
- Reusable launch system
- List of orbital launch systems
- Lists of rockets
- List of sounding rockets
- List of upper stages
- Non-rocket spacelaunch
Notes
- ^ There are many different methods. Each method has drawbacks and advantages, and spacecraft propulsion is an active area of research. However, most spacecraft today are propelled by forcing a gas from the back/rear of the vehicle at very high speed through a supersonic de Laval nozzle. This sort of engine is called a rocket engine.
- ^ The first medieval rockets were solid-fuel rockets powered by gunpowder; they were used by the Chinese, Indians, Mongols and Arabs, in warfare as early as the 13th century.
- ^ Such as the Pegasus rocket and SpaceShipOne.
- ^ Most satellites have simple reliable chemical thrusters (often monopropellant rockets) or resistojet rockets for orbital station-keeping and some use momentum wheels for attitude control. Soviet bloc satellites have used electric propulsion for decades, and newer Western geo-orbiting spacecraft are starting to use them for north-south stationkeeping and orbit raising. Interplanetary vehicles mostly use chemical rockets as well, although a few have used ion thrusters and Hall effect thrusters (two different types of electric propulsion) to great success.
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