Jump to content

Jhansi

Coordinates: 25°26′55″N 78°34′11″E / 25.44862°N 78.56962°E / 25.44862; 78.56962
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Deependra24dg (talk | contribs) at 06:00, 16 July 2017 (→‎Connectivity). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This article is about the city in Uttar Pradesh, India. For its namesake district, see Jhansi district.

Jhansi
Metropolis
Nicknames: 
Jhansi is located in Uttar Pradesh
Jhansi
Jhansi
Coordinates: 25°26′55″N 78°34′11″E / 25.44862°N 78.56962°E / 25.44862; 78.56962
CountryIndia
StateUttar Pradesh
RegionBundelkhand
DistrictJhansi
Founded byRaja of Orchha
Named forOrchha Cantonment
Government
 • MayorKiran Verma[2]
 • Assistant SuperintendentDinesh Kumar Singh[3]
 • Member of ParliamentUma Bharti (Bhartiya Janta Party)
Elevation
285 m (935 ft)
Population
 (2011 census)
 • Metropolis505,693[1]
 • Rank57
 • Metro
547,638[1]
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
 • OtherBundeli
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
284001-2-3-4
Telephone code0510
Vehicle registrationUP-93
Sex ratio♂ 0.905 : ♀ 1.000
Literacy83.02%[1]
Avg. summer temperature47 °C (117 °F)
Avg. winter temperature4.0 °C (39.2 °F)
Websitewww.jhansi.nic.in

Jhansi (pronunciationⓘ) is a historic city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It lies in the region of Bundelkhand on the banks of the Pahuj River, in the extreme south of Uttar Pradesh. Jhansi is the administrative headquarters of Jhansi district and Jhansi division. Called the Gateway to Bundelkhand, Jhansi is situated between the rivers Pahuj and Betwa at an average elevation of 285 metres (935 feet). It is about 415 kilometres (258 mi) from New Delhi and 99 kilometres (62 mi) south of Gwalior.

The original walled city grew around its stone fort which crowns a neighbouring rock. The ancient name of the city was Balwantnagar.[citation needed] From 1817 to 1854, Jhansi was the capital of the princely state of Jhansi which was ruled by Maratha rajas. The state was annexed by the British Governor General in 1854; Damodar Rao's claim to the throne was rejected but Rani Lakshmibai ruled it from June 1857 to June 1858.

Jhansi is well connected to all other major towns in Uttar Pradesh by road and railway networks. The National Highways Development Project has supported development of Jhansi. Srinagar to Kanyakumari North-South corridor passes through Jhansi as does the East-West corridor; consequently there has been a sudden rush of infrastructure and real estate development in the city. A greenfield airport development has been planned.[4] On 28 August, 2015 Jhansi was selected among 98 cities for smart city initiative by Government of India.[5][6][7]

Etymology

Karak Bijli Toop; one of the cannon at the fort
Bhawani Shankar another cannon at the fort.

According to a legend the Raja of Orchha was sitting on the roof of his palace with his friend, the Raja of Jaitpur, and asked the latter whether he could discern this new fort that he had built on Bangara hill, and he replied that he could see it 'jhainsi' (meaning rather indistinct). This name 'Jhainsi' in course of time became corrupted to 'Jhansi'. It was one of the most strategically situated forts of central India being built on an elevated rock rising out of the plain and commanding the city and the surrounding country.

History

In the 18th century the town of Jhansi served as the capital of a Maratha province and later the Princely State of Jhansi from 1804 till 1853, when the territory became a part of British India.

Demographics

Religions in Jhansi City, 2011 Census data[8]
Religion Percent
Hindus
 
 81.10%
Muslims
 
 16.51%
Others†
 
 2.39%
Distribution of religions[8]
† Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and Jains.

According to the 2011 census, Jhansi has a population of 505,693, its urban agglomeration a population of 547,638. The literacy rate of Jhansi is 83.02%, higher than the state average of 67.68%. The sex ratio is 905 females for every 1000 males.[8] Jhansi city has 57th rank among the most populated cities of India, according to the 2011 census.

Jhansi Cantonment

According to the Indian Census of 2001[9] there were 21,917 people in Jhansi Cantonment, of whom 56% were male and 44% female (men 12,264; women 9,653; children 2,612). The rate of literacy was 80%.

Geography and climate

Jhansi is located at 25.4333 N 78.5833 E. It has an average elevation of 284 metres (935 feet).[10] Jhansi lies on the plateau of central India, an area dominated by rocky relief and minerals underneath the soil. The city has a natural slope in the north as it is on the south western border of the vast Tarai plains of Uttar Pradesh and the elevation rises on the south.

Jhansi (a view from the hill of Sipri)

The land is suitable for species of citrus fruit and crops include wheat, pulses, peas, and oilseeds. The region relies heavily on Monsoon the rains for irrigation purposes. Under an ambitious canal project (the Rajghat canal), the government is constructing a network of canals for irrigation in Jhansi and Lalitpur and some part of Madhya Pradesh. The trade in agricultural products (including grain and oilseeds) is of great economic importance.[11] The city is also a centre of brassware manufacture.[12]

Climate

Main article: Climate of Uttar Pradesh

Being on a rocky plateau, Jhansi experiences extreme temperatures. Winter begins in October with the retreat of the Southwest Monsoon (Jhansi does not experience any rainfall from the Northeast Monsoon) and peaks in mid-December. The mercury generally reads about 4 degrees minimum and 21 degrees maximum. Spring arrives by the end of February and is a short-lived phase of transition. Summer begins by April and summer temperatures can peak at 47 degrees in May. The rainy season starts by the third week of June (although this is variable year to year). Monsoon rains gradually weaken in September and the season ends by the last week of September. In the rainy season, the average daily high temperature hovers around 36 degrees Celsius with high humidity. The average rainfall for the city is about 900 mm per year, occurring almost entirely within the three-and-a-half months of the Southwest Monsoon. In summer Jhansi experiences temperatures as high as 45-47 degrees and in winter the temperatures fall as low as 0-1 degrees (recorded in winter 2011).

Climate data for Jhansi (1971–2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 33.8
(92.8) 		39.4
(102.9) 		43.3
(109.9) 		46.2
(115.2) 		48.0
(118.4) 		47.8
(118.0) 		45.6
(114.1) 		42.2
(108.0) 		40.6
(105.1) 		40.6
(105.1) 		38.1
(100.6) 		33.1
(91.6) 		48.0
(118.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23.3
(73.9) 		26.9
(80.4) 		33.3
(91.9) 		39.3
(102.7) 		42.3
(108.1) 		40.5
(104.9) 		34.0
(93.2) 		32.2
(90.0) 		33.3
(91.9) 		33.9
(93.0) 		29.6
(85.3) 		24.5
(76.1) 		32.9
(91.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7.4
(45.3) 		10.3
(50.5) 		15.8
(60.4) 		21.9
(71.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		27.3
(81.1) 		24.6
(76.3) 		23.7
(74.7) 		22.8
(73.0) 		19.1
(66.4) 		13.2
(55.8) 		8.5
(47.3) 		18.4
(65.1)
Record low °C (°F) 1.2
(34.2) 		0.6
(33.1) 		5.3
(41.5) 		10.1
(50.2) 		15.1
(59.2) 		18.5
(65.3) 		20.3
(68.5) 		18.3
(64.9) 		16.7
(62.1) 		10.7
(51.3) 		1.1
(34.0) 		0.3
(32.5) 		0.3
(32.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 9.2
(0.36) 		9.6
(0.38) 		7.7
(0.30) 		2.3
(0.09) 		13.9
(0.55) 		85.0
(3.35) 		270.4
(10.65) 		286.2
(11.27) 		165.3
(6.51) 		31.8
(1.25) 		6.3
(0.25) 		3.6
(0.14) 		891.3
(35.09)
Average rainy days 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.5 1.3 4.9 12.3 13.1 7.0 1.6 0.5 0.5 44.2
Source: India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2010)[13][14]

Tourism

Jhansi Fort

Main article: Jhansi Fort

The early 17th century fort was made by Raja Bir Singh on top of a hill known as Bangara as an army stronghold. The Karak Bijli cannon is within the fort. There is also a museum near the fort which has a collection of sculpture and provides an insight into the history of Bundelkhand.

Government Museum; and Rani Mahal

In the Government Museum there are collections of weapons, statues, dresses and photographs that represent the Chandela dynasty and a picture gallery of the Gupta period. There are also terracottas, bronzes, manuscripts, paintings and coins.Government museum specifically keep the belonging of rani of jhansi, example: her sword, armour and utensils. The museum is closed on Mondays and second Saturday of every month.

The Rani Mahal was the palace of Rani Lakshmi Bai and has now been converted into a museum. It houses a collection of archaeological remains of the period between the 9th and 12th centuries AD.

An engineering college named as Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology a state govt engineering college

Other places of interest

Temples: Iskcon Temple, Laxmi Temple; Shri Kali Temple; Karguan Jain Temple.--Christian churches: Sacred Heart Church St. Jude's Shrine; St Antony's Cathedral.--Gangadhar Rao-Ki-Chhatri (tomb).--Laxmi Bai Park; Narayan Bagh; Jari Ka Math; Barua Sagar & Fort; Garhmau Lake; Herbal Garden.

Culture

Festivals

Jhansi Mahotsav

Annually organised in jhansi in winter season.

Movies and television

Education

Higher education

Medical and Technical Colleges

MLB Medical College

Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical college Hospital Jhansi was established in 1968, is named after the "Jhansi ki Rani" Maha Rani Laxmi Bai. The college admits 100 students each year for medical course and nearly 54 post graduate student in various specialties.[citation needed]

In October 2009, the Union health ministry had given approvals for setting up an institute equivalent to AIIMS, the first in bundelkhand region and developing central agriculture university.[16]

Grassland Jhansi

Research institutes

  • ICAR-Indian Grassland & Fodder Research Institute (IGFRI)
  • ICAR-Central Agro-Forestry Research Institute (CAFRI)

Schools

Further information: List of educational institutions in Jhansi

Transport

The city is well connected to other parts of India by railways and major highways.

Railways

Main article: Jhansi Junction railway station

Jhansi Junction has its own Division of the Indian North Central Railways. It is well connected by train services to all parts of the country, including four metropolitan cities. There are direct trains to Mumbai, madurai, Delhi, Kolkata (Howrah), Chennai, Bangalore (Bengaluru), Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad, Nagpur, Agra, Gwalior, Trivandrum, Indore, Ahmedabad, Udaipur, Pune, Jammu, Jaipur, Lucknow, Bhopal, Mahoba, Khajuraho, Gaya, Jalgaon, Bhusaval, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Allahabad, Gorakhpur, Bandra and other major towns. A list of all train services passing through Jhansi Junction can be found here.[18]

Jhansi Junction

Jhansi Junction is a major railway junction of Indian Railways: a major intercity hub and a technical stoppage for many superfast trains in India. Jhansi has its own division in the North Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. It lies on the main Delhi-Chennai and Delhi-Mumbai lines. The station code is JHS.

History

The railway station was built by the British in the late 1880s. After a long survey of three places the current site was selected for the station. The station has a massive fort-like building painted in maroon and off white.

The station had three platforms in the beginning. Platform One is 2,525 feet (770 m) long making it the seventh longest in the world so could easily handle two trains at a time. Platforms two and three are also long enoungh to do this. The first Shatabdi Express of India started between New Delhi and Jhansi. Earlier Jhansi used to be a part of Central railways zone headquartered at Mumbai but now comes under NCR headquartered at Allahabad.

Platform - Jhansi Railway Station

Connectivity

Jhansi Junction is linked with many industrial and important cities of India by direct trains like Gwalior, New Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow, Bhopal, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Kolkata, Jammu, Agra, Bhubaneshwar, Ahmedabad, etc.

Jhansi Junction is served by 4 broad gauge routes:

  1. Jhansi - Gwalior Junction - New Delhi
  2. Jhansi - Kanpur Central - Lucknow
  3. Jhansi - Bhopal - Mumbai
  4. Jhansi - Manikpur - Allahabad
  5. Jhansi - Shivpuri - Sawai Madhopur (proposed)

Jhansi is an important destination for tourists intending to go to Khajuraho (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) and to Orchha.

Trains originating from Jhansi

  1. 12279/12280 Jhansi Hazrat Nizamuddin (Delhi) Taj Express.
  2. 11109/11110 Jhansi Lucknow Junction Intercity Express.
  3. 11103/11104 Jhansi Bandra Terminus (Mumbai) Express.(via Gwalior, Ujjain, Ratlam, Surat
  4. 11105/11106 Jhansi Kolkata Pratham Swatantrata Sangram Express.(via Kanpur, Patna)
  5. 11801/11802 Jhansi etawah express
  6. 21125/21126 Jhansi Gwalior Indore Express
  7. 51815/51816 Jhansi Agra Fort Passenger
  8. 51831/51832 Jhansi Agra Cantt Passenger
  9. 51803/51804 Jhansi Kanpur Central Passenger
  10. 54157/54158 Jhansi Kanpur Central Passenger
  11. 51813/51814 Jhansi Lucknow Charbagh Passenger
  12. 51807/51808 Jhansi Banda Passenger
  13. 54159/54160 Jhansi Banda Passenger
  14. 51805/51806 Jhansi Manikpur Passenger
  15. 51819/51820 Jhansi Allahabad Jn Passenger
  16. 51817/51818 Jhansi Tikamgarh Passenger
  17. 51821/51822 Jhansi Khajuraho Passenger
  18. 51811/51812 Jhansi Bina Passenger
  19. 51827/51828 Jhansi Itarsi Nagpur Passenger

and several other passengers and shuttles trains connecting Lucknow, Kanpur, Agra Cantt, Allahabad, Manikpur, Banda Jn, Khajuraho, Tikamgarh, Bhopal, Bina and Itarsi.

Facilities

Jhansi Junction has seven platforms, 4 broad over-bridges. Due to heavy usage, two new platforms are planned, increasing the total to 11. Five pairs of the Rajdhani Express as well as the Bhopal — New Delhi Shatabdi Express pass through Jhansi.Three pairs of Duronto Express also have their technical stoppages at Jhansi. All state Sampark Krantis passing through Jhansi have official stops at Jhansi. In all more than 150 trains stop at Jhansi Junction everyday.[citation needed]

There are tourist information offices of both the Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh governments.

Road transport

Jhansi is located at the junction of these National Highways: NH-12A; NH-25; NH-26; NH-75; and NH-76. Thus, Jhansi commands a strategic position in the roadways network as highways in 5 different directions diverge from it.

The towns and major cites connected to it are Datia, Gwalior, Lalitpur, Agra, New Delhi, Bhopal, Allahabad, Kanpur, Orchha, Shivpuri, Tikamgarh, Unnao Balaji, Sagar

The proposed north-south and east-west corridors of the Golden-Quadrilateral Highway project pass and cross each other only in Jhansi and the city is also well connected to Kanpur, Lucknow and Madhya Pradesh by road. The four lane national highway is at the last stage of its completion, giving a boom in infrastructure and other sectors in Jhansi and nearby areas;[when?]

Air transport

Amy Johnson at Jhansi in 1932

Jhansi Airport is a military aviation base built in the British era used by the Indian army and political visitors. Though there are provisions for private aircraft to land, there are no civil aviation operations. There had been a demand to make it operational for commercial purposes in the 1990s and again in the 2000s. The Uttar Pradesh government announced the construction of an all new civil aviation base to support tourism in Bundelkhand in April 2011.[19] The Indian army maintains an objection to extension of the military aviation. So, the government has examined three different places other than army aviation base for the airport in Jhansi. Gwalior Airport is the nearest airport from Jhansi.

Major markets

  • Manik Chowk [Old City) - the biggest and most important market of Jhansi. Combination of three major markets The Sarafa Bazaar, Bada Bazaar, and Purani Najhai. Ancient buildings of different styles of architecture (Chandeli, British, Maratha, Mughal, Rajputi etc.) can be viewed.
  • Sadar Bazar - one of the oldest markets of Jhansi City and now is the most expensive one and well known for its branded clothing stores, bakeries, and this place was used by the army cantonment and local population for business by selling goods for statesmen and other rich people.
  • Sipri Bazaar- one of the old markets of the City known for its vegetable market and cheap clothing goods and accessories; situated on Shivpuri Road (known to be Shivpuri Bazaar which later changed to Sipri Bazaar)
  • Loha Mandi- market known for steel and iron goods as well as good building materials including floor stone, marble etc.
  • Elite Circle - in the City Centre of Jhansi which is a junction point of five radial roads with huge number of hotels and shops
  • Jhokan Bagh - known for its furnished goods and furniture at reasonable prizes; however its roads are irregular and not well maintained

Armed forces

The Jhansi Cantonment was the site of the accommodation for British civil and military personnel in the period of British rule in India. Within the cantonment is Sacred Heart Church, a Roman Catholic church built early in the 20th century.[20]

Media

Newspapers

Many national and local newspapers are published in Jhansi in Hindi, Urdu and English:

Newspaper Language Notes
Amar Ujala Hindi
Dainik Jagran Hindi
Dainik Vishwa Pariwar Hindi
Daily Aziz E Hindustan Urdu
Dainik Royal Mail Hindi
Hindustan Hindi
Jan Jan Jagran Hindi
Jan Seva Mail Hindi
Raftaar Hindi
Swadesh Hindi

Radio

Jhansi has two radio stations: 92.7 BIG FM and 103.0 AIR FM.

Cinema

Jhansi currently has two cinema halls which are operating rest are under construction.

1.Elite Cinema

2.Khilona Cinema

Sport

File:Images jhg.jpg
Postage stamp commemorating Rani Lakshmibai

Sports stadiums in Jhansi are Dhyanchand Stadium; Railway Stadium; and LVM Sports Place.

Notable people associated with Jhansi

Jhansi in literature

See also: Rani of Jhansi § Literature, film & television

Two novels by John Masters are set in the fictional town of Bhowani. According to the author, writing in the Glossary to the earlier novel, Nightrunners of Bengal, Bhowani is an "imaginary town. To get a geographical bearing on the story it should be imagined to be about where Jhansi really is - 25.27 N., 78.33 E."[22] Nightrunners of Bengal is set during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 at "Bhowani" (the title alludes to the mysterious distribution of "chapatis" to village headmen which preceded the revolt). Bhowani Junction is set in 1946/47 the eve of independence. In each novel the main character is a British army officer named Colonel Rodney Savage, one of a succession of such men from the same family.

Christina Rossetti wrote a short poem about the fate of the Skene family at Jhansi during the Indian Mutiny. It is entitled 'In the Round Tower at Jhansi - 8 June 1857'. It was published in 1862 in the same volume as her more celebrated poem 'Goblin Market'. Some time afterwards, Rossetti discovered that she had been misinformed about the husband and wife's suicide pact in the face of a murderous and implacable enemy ('The swarming howling wretches below' the tower walls) which is the poem's subject, but did not delete it from later editions.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Jhansi City Census 2011 data". Census 2011 - Census of India.
  2. ^ "CONTACT DETAILS OF COMMISSIONERS AND MAYORS OF AMRUT CITIES" (PDF). Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation.
  3. ^ https://uppolice.gov.in/frmPPSOfficerprofile.aspx?transid=653&slugName=jhansi
  4. ^ "Uttar Pradesh plans to develop Jhansi airport". igovernment.in. 4 January 2011. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Centre unveils list of 98 smart cities; UP, TN strike it rich". The Hindu. 28 August 2015.
  6. ^ "Smart City Jhansi". Mygov.in. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
  7. ^ "स्मार्ट सिटी की परीक्षा में फेल हुए यूपी के 12 शहर". Amar Ujala. 30 January 2016.
  8. ^ a b c "Jhansi City Census 2011 data". 2011 Census of India.
  9. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 20 February 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "Jhansi, India Page". fallingrain.com. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
  11. ^ The Macmillan Encyclopedia; rev. ed. London: Macmillan, 1983; p. 647
  12. ^ Moore, W. G. (1971) The Penguin Encyclopedia of Places. Harmondsworth: Penguin; p. 371
  13. ^ "Jhansi Climatological Table Period: 1971–2000". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  14. ^ "Ever recorded Maximum and minimum temperatures up to 2010" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2013. Retrieved April 15, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  15. ^ "Maharani Laxmibai Medical College Jhansi". Mlbmcj.in. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
  16. ^ "Centre clears an ‘AIIMS’ for Bundelkhand". Archive.indianexpress.com. Retrieved 23 August 2015. {{cite web}}: C1 control character in |title= at position 18 (help)
  17. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 30 December 2013. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. ^ "JHS/Jhansi Junction (7 PFs) Railway Station - Train Departure Timings". India Rail Info. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
  19. ^ Manjul, Tarannum (1 April 2011). "New airport at Jhansi to boost tourism". indianexpress. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
  20. ^ [1]
  21. ^ "Amit Singhal's journey from Jhansi to Google". CNN-IBN. 4 February 2016.
  22. ^ Masters, John. Nightrunners of Bengal. (London and New York, 1951). Glossary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jhansi.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jhansi&oldid=790806729"