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20th United States Congress

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20th United States Congress
19th ←
→ 21st

March 4, 1827 – March 4, 1829
Members48 senators
213 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityJacksonian
Senate PresidentJohn C. Calhoun (J)
House majorityJacksonian
House SpeakerAndrew Stevenson (J)
Sessions
1st: December 3, 1827 – May 26, 1828
2nd: December 1, 1828 – March 3, 1829

The Twentieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1827, to March 4, 1829, during the third and fourth years of John Quincy Adams's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fourth Census of the United States in 1820. Both chambers had a Jacksonian majority.

Major events

Major legislation

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Adams
(A)
Jacksonian
(J)
End of previous congress 23 25 48 0
Begin 20 27 47 1
End 21 480
Final voting share 43.8% 56.3%
Beginning of next congress 22 26 48 0

House of Representatives

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Adams
(A)
Jacksonian
(J)
Other
End of previous congress 111 102 0 213 0
Begin 101 111 0 212 1
End 100 112
Final voting share 47.2% 52.8% 0.0%
Beginning of next congress 71[a] 136 4[b] 211 2

Leadership

President of the Senate
John C. Calhoun

Senate

House of Representatives

President pro tempore
Samuel Smith

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1832; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1828; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1830.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

  • replacements: 6
  • deaths: 0
  • resignations: 7
  • interim appointments: 0
  • Total seats with changes: 8

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate

|- | Massachusetts
(1) | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant because legislature had failed to elect.
Winner was elected June 8, 1827. | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Daniel Webster (A) | Installed December 17, 1827 |- | Ohio
(3) | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Henry Harrison (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 20, 1828, to become U.S. Minister Plenipotentiary to Gran Columbia.
A special election was held December 10, 1828. | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Jacob Burnet (A) | Installed December 10, 1828 |- | Maine
(1) | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Albion K. Parris (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 26, 1828, after being appointed to the Maine Supreme Judicial Court.
A special election was held January 15, 1829. | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Holmes (A) | Installed January 15, 1829 |- | Georgia
(2) | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas W. Cobb (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned before November 7, 1828.
A special election was held November 7, 1828. | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Oliver H. Prince (J) | Installed November 7, 1828 |- | North Carolina
(3) | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Nathaniel Macon (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 14, 1828.
A special election was held December 15, 1828. | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | James Iredell Jr. (J) | Installed December 15, 1828 |- | New York
(1) | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Martin Van Buren (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 20, 1828, to become Governor of New York.
A special election was held January 15, 1829. | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Charles E. Dudley (J) | Installed January 15, 1829 |- | New Jersey
(1) | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Ephraim Bateman (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 12, 1829, due to failing health.
A special election was held January 30, 1829. | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Mahlon Dickerson (J) | Installed January 30, 1829 |- | New Jersey
(2) | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Mahlon Dickerson (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 30, 1829, after being elected to New Jersey's Class 1 U.S. Senate seat. | Vacant | Not filled in this Congress |}

House of Representatives

  • replacements: 9
  • deaths: 5
  • resignations: 9
  • contested election: 1
  • Total seats with changes: 15


Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep

|- | Georgia
1st
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Edward F. Tattnall (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned some time in 1827 before the assembling of Congress | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | George R. Gilmer (J) | Seated October 1, 1827 |- | Delaware
At-large
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Louis McLane (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned some time in 1827 before the assembling of Congress after being elected to the US Senate | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Kensey Johns Jr. (A) | Seated October 2, 1827 |- | New York
29th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | David E. Evans (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 2, 1827 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Phineas L. Tracy (A) | Seated November 5, 1827 |- | Massachusetts
1st
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Daniel Webster (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 30, 1827, to run for the US Senate | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Benjamin Gorham (A) | Seated July 23, 1827 |- | Ohio
8th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Wilson (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 6, 1827 | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Stanbery (J) | Seated October 9, 1827 |- | Maine
1st
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Burleigh (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 2, 1827 | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Rufus McIntire (J) | Seated September 10, 1827 |- | Kentucky
11th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William S. Young (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 20, 1827 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Calhoon (A) | Seated November 5, 1827 |- | Kentucky
11th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Calhoon (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 7, 1827, to avoid an election dispute | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas Chilton (J) | Seated December 22, 1827 |- | Georgia
2nd
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John Forsyth (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 7, 1827, after being elected Governor of Georgia | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Richard H. Wilde (J) | Seated November 17, 1827 |- | Arkansas Territory
At-large
| Henry W. Conway | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 9, 1827 | Ambrose H. Sevier | Seated February 13, 1828 |- | New Jersey
At-large
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | George Holcombe (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Died January 14, 1828 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James F. Randolph (A) | Seated December 1, 1828 |- | New York
5th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas J. Oakley (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 9, 1828, after being appointed judge of the Superior Court of New York City | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas Taber II (J) | Seated November 5, 1828 |- | Kentucky
2nd
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas Metcalfe (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 1, 1828, after being elected Governor of Kentucky | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John Chambers (A) | Seated December 1, 1828 |- | New Jersey
At-large
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Hedge Thompson (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 23, 1828 | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas Sinnickson (A) | Seated December 1, 1828 |- | Mississippi
At-large
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Haile (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 12, 1828 | style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas Hinds (J) | Seated October 21, 1828 |- | Ohio
6th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | William Creighton Jr. (A) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned before December 19, 1828, after being nominated as a judge to district court | style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Francis S. Muhlenberg (A) | Seated December 19, 1828 |- | New York
20th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Silas Wright (J) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 16, 1829 | Vacant | Not filled this Congress |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)


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