.kr
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| Introduced | 29 September 1986 |
|---|---|
| TLD type | Country code top-level domain |
| Status | Active |
| Registry | KRNIC (KISA) |
| Sponsor | KISA |
| Intended use | Entities connected with South Korea |
| Actual use | Popular in South Korea |
| Registered domains | 1,086,374 (2022-11-30)[1] |
| Registration restrictions | Registrants must have a local presence within South Korea; varying restrictions exist for registration under different second-level names. |
| Structure | Registrations are only allowed at the third level beneath second-level domains (.co.kr, .or.kr, ...) for standard domain names while internationalized domain names must be registered at the second level. |
| Documents | Policies |
| IDN | yes |
| Registry website | krnic.or.kr |
| Introduced | 2011 |
|---|---|
| TLD type | Internationalized country code top-level domain |
| Status | Active |
| Actual use | Fairly popular in South Korea |
| Registration restrictions | Registrants must have a local presence within South Korea[2] |
| Structure | Domain names contain Korean Hangul syllables, basic Latin alphabet, numbers or hyphens, and are registered at the second level. |
| DNS name | xn--3e0b707e |
| IDN | only |
| Registry website | krnic.or.kr |
.kr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Registrations are processed via registration agents.
From September 2006, it became possible to register domain names directly under .kr (although this is currently only possible for internationalized domain names). Trademark holders and public bodies benefited from an "early registration period", after which the owners of .kr third-level domains had priority to get the corresponding second-level domains.
1. Sunrise I (18 September–20 November 2006)
- Governmental Bodies only
2. Sunrise II (21 November 2006–27 February 2007)
- A holder of 3rd level .kr domain
- The registered 3rd level domain and the 3rd level domain should be registered before 13 March 2006
- The full name of registered trademark using same alphabetical order
3. Landrush (28 March–11 April 2007)
- Anyone or any business entity who has an address in the territory
4. General Registration (from 19 April 2007)
- First-come first-served basis
In 2011 a new top-level domain was registered for South Korea, intended for domain names in the local language. The top-level domain is 대한민국 domain names and working sites became active during 2011.[3]
Domains and subdomains
| Domains and Subdomains | Areas | Registration qualifications |
|---|---|---|
| .kr | Commercial | Organizations or individuals |
| .co.kr | Commercial | |
| .ne.kr | Network | |
| .or.kr | Non-commercial | |
| .re.kr | Research | |
| .pe.kr | Personal | Individuals |
| .go.kr | Government | Administration, Legislation and Judicature |
| .mil.kr | Military | Military organizations |
| .ac.kr | Colleges or universities (academy) | Colleges or universities |
| .hs.kr | High schools | High schools |
| .ms.kr | Middle schools | Middle schools |
| .es.kr | Elementary schools | Elementary schools |
| .sc.kr | Schools | Other education organizations |
| .kg.kr | Kindergartens | Kindergartens |
| .seoul.kr | Seoul | Organizations or individuals that have a connection with the relevant areas[a] |
| .busan.kr | Busan | |
| .daegu.kr | Daegu | |
| .incheon.kr | Incheon | |
| .gwangju.kr | Gwangju | |
| .daejeon.kr | Daejeon | |
| .ulsan.kr | Ulsan | |
| .gyeonggi.kr | Gyeonggi-do | |
| .gangwon.kr | Gangwon-do | |
| .chungbuk.kr | Chungcheongbuk-do (Chungbuk) | |
| .chungnam.kr | Chungcheongnam-do (Chungnam) | |
| .jeonbuk.kr | Jeollabuk-do (Jeonbuk)[b] | |
| .jeonnam.kr | Jeollanam-do (Jeonnam)[b] | |
| .gyeongbuk.kr | Gyeongsangbuk-do (Gyeongbuk) | |
| .gyeongnam.kr | Gyeongsangnam-do (Gyeongnam) | |
| .jeju.kr | Jeju-do | |
| 한글.kr[c] | unlimited | Organizations or individuals |
| .한국[d] | unlimited |
Defunct domains and subdomains
| Domains and Subdomains | Areas | Reasons for cessation |
|---|---|---|
| .pusan.kr | Busan (Pusan) | Revision of the Korean romanization[e] |
| .taegu.kr | Daegu (Taegu) | |
| .inchon.kr | Incheon (Inch'ŏn) | |
| .kwangju.kr | Gwangju (Kwangju) | |
| .taejon.kr | Daejeon (Taejŏn) | |
| .kyonggi.kr | Gyeonggi-do (Kyŏnggi) | |
| .kangwon.kr | Gangwon-do (Kangwon) | |
| .chonbuk.kr | Jeollabuk-do (Chŏnbuk) | |
| .chonnam.kr | Jeollanam-do (Chŏnnam) | |
| .kyongbuk.kr | Gyeongsangbuk-do (Kyŏngbuk) | |
| .kyongnam.kr | Gyeongsangnam-do (Kyŏngnam) | |
| .cheju.kr | Jeju-do (Cheju) | |
| .nm.kr | Network | Changed to the .ne.kr |
Domain hacks
.kr domains are sometimes used as domain hacks such as flic.kr, an alternative address for Flickr.
New generic top level domains (new gTLDs) registered by South Korean organizations or individuals
- .doosan: A new brand gTLD for the Doosan Group.
- .hyundai: A new brand gTLD for the Hyundai Motor Group.
- .kia: A new brand gTLD for Kia Motors.
- .samsung: A new brand gTLD for the Samsung Group.
- .lotte: A new brand gTLD for the Lotte Group.
- .닷넷 (
.xn--t60b56a; .dat-net): A new technology gTLD. Korean Hangul transliteration of English "dotnet." - .닷컴 (
.xn--mk1bu44c; .dat-keom): A new technology gTLD. Korean Hangul transliteration of English "dotcom." - .삼성 (
.xn--cg4bki; .Samseong): A new brand gTLD for the Samsung Group.
See also
- .kp: The top-level domain for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)
- Communications in South Korea
Footnotes
- ^ Two-syllable short names of upper level local autonomies (provinces or provincial-level cities).
- ^ a b Jeolla's Hangul spelling is 전라 (Jeon-la) but the current romanization of Korean transcribes actual pronunciation, so the region is romanized as Jeolla. In the Korean phonology, the /nl/ sequence should be assimilated to [ll] or [nn]. However, the original [n] phoneme is preserved in Jeonbuk and Jeonnam, the short names for the North and South Jeolla Provinces.
- ^ Internationalized domain names (IDNs) under .kr. IDNs contains Korean Hangul only plus optional numbers and hyphens.
- ^ Internationalized domain names (IDNs) under .한국 (Punycode:
.xn--3e0b707e; Revised Romanization of Korean: .Han-guk). IDNs contains Korean Hangul only plus optional numbers and hyphens. - ^ The government has changed the official Korean romanization from its own variant of McCune–Reischauer to the current scheme in 2000. Hyphens (-), apostrophes (') and breves (˘) were omitted in defunct subdomains for autonomous regions.
References
- ^ "Statistics". KRNIC. 30 November 2022. Archived from the original on 17 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.
- ^ Domain Name Management Rules
- ^ "Domain names are now open to Hangul". KoreaJoongAng Daily. 24 June 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
External links
- KRNIC
- Delegation Record for .KR - IANA
- Whois Search (in English) - KISA
- Whois Search (in Korean) - KISA Archived 2016-10-07 at the Wayback Machine
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