Shinjuku Station

新宿
新宿
	Rush hour at Shinjuku station, Yamanote line.
General information
Line(s)	JR East; Yamanote Line; Chūō Main Line; Chūō-Sōbu Line; Shōnan-Shinjuku Line; Saikyō Line; Odakyu Electric Railway; Odakyu Odawara Line; Keio Corporation; Keiō Line; Keio New Line; Tokyo Metro; Marunouchi Line; Toei Subway; Toei Shinjuku Line; Toei Ōedo Line

Shinjuku Station (新宿駅, Shinjuku-eki) is a train station located in Shinjuku and Shibuya wards in Tokyo, Japan.

Serving as the main connecting hub for rail traffic between central Tokyo and its western suburbs on inter-city rail, commuter rail and metro lines, the station was used by an average of 3.31 million people per day in 2006, making it the busiest train station in the world in terms of number of passengers. (For the exact number, see the discussion below.) Including an underground arcade, there are well over 200 exits.

In terms of area, Shinjuku is the second-largest station in the world after Nagoya Station.

Lines

Shinjuku is served by the following railway systems:

JR-East:

Odakyu Electric Railway:
- Odakyu Odawara Line

Keio Corporation:
- Keiō Line
- Keio New Line

Tokyo Metro:
- Marunouchi Line

Toei Subway:
- Toei Shinjuku Line
- Toei Ōedo Line

Station facilities

JR

A northbound Saikyō Line train bound for Kawagoe takes on passengers at JR Shinjuku Station.

The station is centered around facilities servicing the East Japan Railway Company (JR-East) lines. These consist of 7 ground level island platforms (14 tracks) on a north-south axis, connected by two overhead and two underground concourses. Most JR services here are urban and suburban mass transit lines, although JR's intercity express services to Kofu and Matsumoto on the Chūō Main Line, Narita Express to Narita Airport, and joint operations with Tobu Railway to Nikkō and Kinugawa Onsen also use this station. The JR section alone handles an average of 1.5 million passengers a day.

1・2	■ Saikyō Line ・ Rinkai Line	Shibuya ・ Ōsaki ・ Shin-Kiba Ikebukuro ・ Saitama ・ Kawagoe (Only the first train of this station)
	■ Shōnan-Shinjuku Line (Through service for Tōkaidō Line	Yokohama・ Ōfuna ・ Hiratsuka ・ Odawara
	■ Shōnan-Shinjuku Line (Through service for Yokosuka Line	Yokohama ・ Ōfuna ・ Kamakura ・ Zushi
3・4	■ Saikyō Line	Ikebukuro ・ Ōmiya ・ Kawagoe
	■ Shōnan-Shinjuku Line (Through service for Takasaki Line)	Ōmiya ・ Kumagaya ・ Takasaki ・ Maebashi
	■ Shōnan-Shinjuku Line (Through service for Utsunomiya Line)	Ōmiya ・ Oyama ・ Utsunomiya
	■ Ltd. Express "Nikkō" ・ "Spacia" (through service for Tōbu Nikkō Line)	Ōmiya ・ Tochigi ・ Tōbu Nikkō
	■ Airport Ltd. Exp. "Narita Express"	Narita Airport
5・6	■ Chūō Main Line (Ltd. Express) "'[Azusa (train)	Kōfu ・ Matsumoto
7・8	■ Chūō Line (Rapid)	Ochanomizu ・ Tokyo (Platform No.7 is used weekday mornings only.)
9・10	■ under construction
11	■ Chūō Line "Chūō Liner" , "Ōme Liner"	Tachikawa ・ Tokyo
11	■ Chūō Line (Rapid)	Tachikawa ・ Takao (Only for trains originating at this station, on weekday mornings.)
12	■ Chūō Line (Rapid)	Tachikawa ・ Takao
13	■ Chūō-Sōbu Line	Ochanomizu ・ Akihabara ・ Chiba
14	■ Yamanote Line	Shibuya ・ Shinagawa
15	■ Yamanote Line	Ikebukuro ・ Ueno
16	■ Chūō-Sōbu Line	Tokyo ・ Mitaka

Odakyū

The terminus for the private Odakyu Odawara Line is parallel to the JR platforms on the west side, and handles an average of 490,000 passengers daily. This is a major commuter route stretching southwest through the suburbs and out towards the coastal city of Odawara and the mountains of Hakone. The 10 platforms are built on two levels beneath the Odakyu department store; 3 express service tracks (6 platforms) on the ground level and 2 tracks (4 platforms) on the level below. Each track has platforms on both sides in order to completely separate boarding and alighting passengers.

Ground level

1	■	(Exit Only)
2・3	■ Ltd. Express. "Romancecar"
4・5	■ Rapid Express
	■ Express
	■ Semi-Express
6	■	(Exit Only)

Underground level

7	■	(Exit Only)
8・9	■ Sectional Semi-Express ・ Local
10	■	(Exit Only)

Keio

The Keiō Line's concourse is located to the west of the Odakyū line concourse, two floors below ground level under Keiō department store. It now consists of 3 platforms stretching north to south. Approximately 720,000 passengers use this section daily, which makes it the busiest amongst the privately owned (i.e. non-JR) railways of Japan. This suburban commuter line links Shinjuku to Hachiōji city to the west.

1	■ Local	Sasazuka ･ Meidaimae ･ Chōfu ･ Keiō-tama-center ･ Hashimoto ･ Keio-Hachiōji ･ Takaosanguchi
2	■ Express ・ Commuter Rapid ・ Rapid	Sasazuka ･ Meidaimae ･ Chōfu ･ Keiō-tama-center ･ Hashimoto ･ Keio-Hachiōji
	■	(Exit Only)
3	■ Special Express ・ Semi-Special Express ・ Express ・ Commuter Rapid ・	Sasazuka ･ Meidaimae ･ Chōfu ･ Hashimoto ･ Keio-Hachiōji ･ Takaosanguchi

Toei Subway

The shared facilities for the Toei Shinjuku subway line and the Keiō New Line consist of 2 platforms stretching east-west 5 floors beneath Kōshū Kaidō avenue to the southwest of the JR section. The concourse is managed by Keio Electric Railway but is in a separate location to the main Keiō platforms. Further south (and deeper underground) are the 2 north-to-south Toei Ōedo subway line platforms.

Toei Shinjuku Line & Keiō New Line

4	■ Keio New Line	Hatsudai ・ Hatagaya ・ Meidaimae ・ Tokyo ・ Kanagawa
5	○ Toei Shinjuku Line	Ichigaya ・ Ōjima ・ Moto-Yawata

Toei Ōedo Line

6	○ Toei Ōedo Line	Roppongi ・ Tokyo
7	○ Toei Ōedo Line	Tochōmae ・ Hikarigaoka

Tokyo Metro

Tokyo Metro's two Marunouchi Line underground platforms stretch east-west to the north of the JR and Odakyu facilities, directly below the Metro Promenade underground mall.

1	○ Marunouchi Line	Nakano-sakaue ・ Ogikubo ・ Hōnanchō
2	○ Marunouchi Line	Akasaka-mitsuke ・ Ginza ・ Tokyo ・ Ikebukuro

Commercial facilities

File:SHINJUJU.jpg

East exit of Shinjuku Station

Many department stores and shopping malls are built directly into the station. These include

Lumine Est - above JR's east exit
Odakyu department store - above the Odakyu line concourse
Odakyu Mylord - above the southern end of Odakyu line concourse
LUMINE 1 shopping mall - above the Keiō Line concourse
LUMINE 2 shopping mall - above JR's south and Lumine exits
Keio Department store - above the Keiō Line concourse
Keio Mall - underground mall to the southwest of the Keiō Line concourse
Odakyu Ace - underground malls beneath the bus terminal by the west exit.

In addition to the above, the Metro Promenade, which is an underground mall owned by Tokyo Metro, extends eastwards from the station beneath Shinjuku-dori avenue, all the way to the adjacent Shinjuku-sanchōme station with 60 exits along the way. The Metro Promenade in turn connects to Shinjuku Subnade, another underground shopping mall, which leads onto Seibu Railway's Seibu-Shinjuku station.

Shinjuku Station is connected by underground passageways and shopping malls to:

Nishi-Shinjuku Station (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line)
Seibu Shinjuku Station (Seibu Shinjuku Line)
Shinjuku-nishiguchi Station (Toei Ōedo Line)
Shinjuku-sanchōme Station (Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line and Toei Shinjuku Line)
Tochōmae Station (Toei Ōedo Line)

Bus terminals

There is a bus terminal at the west exit servicing both local and long-distance buses, and a JR Highway Bus terminal at the new south exit.

Average number of daily users

The average number of daily users at Shinjuku Station is 3,315,631, which is the largest number in the world. The figure is a total of entering and exiting customers of each operator. Therefore, users who transfer between different operators' lines are counted twice.

Operator		Number	Fiscal year	Source	Note
JR		Approx. 1,500,000	2006	757,013 entries. [1]	The busiest station in Japan
Odakyū		490,081	2006	[2]	The busiest station of Odakyū lines
Keiō		726,653	2006	[3]	The busiest station of Japanese private railways, except of JRs.
Toei	Shinjuku Line	242,909	2006	124,939 entries and 117,970 exits. [4]	The busiest station of Toei subways.
Toei	Ōedo Line	117,494	2006	58,830 entries and 58,664 exits. [5]	The busiest station of Toei subways.
Tokyo Metro		238,494	2006	[6]	The 5th busiest station of Tokyo Metro.

Total		3,315,631

History

Shinjuku Station opened in 1885 as a stop on Japan Railway's Akabane-Shinagawa line (now part of the Yamanote Line). Shinjuku was still a quiet community at the time and the station was not heavily trafficked at first. The opening of the Chūō Line (1889), Keiō Line (1915) and Odakyū Line (1923) led to increasing traffic through the station. Subway service began in 1959.

In August 1967, a freight train carrying jet fuel bound for the U.S. air base in Tachikawa derailed and caught fire on the Chūō Rapid tracks.

The station was a major site for student protests in 1968 and 1969, the height of civil unrest in postwar Japan.

There have been plans at various points in history to connect Shinjuku into the Shinkansen network. Originally, the station was slated to be the southern terminus of the Jōetsu Shinkansen line to Niigata. This plan was eventually scrapped, but an area was reserved underneath the station for Shinkansen platforms. In the future, the Chūō Shinkansen may bring high-speed rail service to Shinjuku.

On May 5, 1995, the Aum Shinrikyo doomsday cult attempted a chemical terrorist attack by setting off a cyanide gas device in a toilet in the underground concourse, barely a month after the gas attack on the Tokyo subway which killed 12 and injured thousands. This time the attack was thwarted by staff who extinguished the burning device.

Adjacent stations

←	Service		→
East Japan Railway Company
Yoyogi	Yamanote Line		Shin-Ōkubo
Yoyogi	Chūō-Sōbu Line (Local)		Ōkubo
Yotsuya	Chūō Line (Rapid)		Nakano
Yotsuya	(Commuter Rapid)	Nakano
Yotsuya	(Chūō Special Rapid) (Ōme Special Rapid)	Nakano Mitaka(*1)
Yotsuya	(Commuter Special Rapid)	Kokubunji
Tokyo	(Chūō Liner) (Ōme Liner)	Tachikawa
Shibuya	Shōnan-Shinjuku Line		Ikebukuro
Shibuya	Saikyō Line		Ikebukuro
Shibuya	(Rapid) (Commuter)	Ikebukuro
Odakyu Electric Railway
Terminus	Odakyu Odawara Line		Minami-Shinjuku
Terminus	(Sectional Semi-Express) (Semi-Express) (Express) (Rapid Express)	Yoyogi-Uehara
Terminus	("Romancecar")	Mukogaoka-Yuen Shin-Yurigaoka Odakyu Sagami-Ono Hon-Atsugi Odawara
Keio Corporation
Terminus	Keiō Line		Sasazuka
Terminus	(Rapid) (Commuter Rapid) (Express)	Sasazuka
Terminus	(Semi-Special Express) (Special Express)	Meidaimae
Through to Toei Shinjuku Line	Keio New Line		Hatsudai
Subway lines
Through to Keio New Line	Toei Shinjuku Line		Shinjuku-sanchōme
Tochōmae	Toei Ōedo Line		Yoyogi
Nishi-Shinjuku	Tokyo Metro Marunouchi Line		Shinjuku-sanchōme

(*1)Only Chūō Limited Rapid the first train of Shinjuku

External links

35°41′25″N 139°42′02″E / 35.69028°N 139.70056°E / 35.69028; 139.70056

v t e Stations of the Shōnan–Shinjuku Line
Takasaki Line - Tōkaidō Main Line	(Maebashi Shin-Maebashi Ino Takasakitonyamachi) Takasaki Kuragano Shinmachi Jimbohara Honjō Okabe Fukaya Kagohara Kumagaya Gyōda Fukiage Kita-Kōnosu Kōnosu Kitamoto Okegawa Kita-Ageo Ageo Miyahara Ōmiya Urawa Akabane Ikebukuro Shinjuku Shibuya Ebisu Ōsaki Musashi-Kosugi Yokohama Totsuka Ōfuna Fujisawa Tsujidō Chigasaki Hiratsuka Ōiso Ninomiya Kōzu Kamonomiya Odawara	JS
Utsunomiya Line - Yokosuka Line	Utsunomiya Suzumenomiya Ishibashi Jichi Medical University Koganei Oyama Mamada Nogi Koga Kurihashi Higashi-Washinomiya Kuki Shin-Shiraoka Shiraoka Hasuda Higashi-Ōmiya Toro Ōmiya Urawa Akabane Ikebukuro Shinjuku Shibuya Ebisu Ōsaki Nishi-Ōi Musashi-Kosugi Shin-Kawasaki Yokohama Hodogaya Higashi-Totsuka Totsuka Ōfuna Kita-Kamakura Kamakura Zushi	JS

v t e Transit in the Greater Tokyo Area
Shinkansen lines	Tōhoku Shinkansen Yamagata Shinkansen Akita Shinkansen Jōetsu Shinkansen Hokuriku Shinkansen Tōkaidō Shinkansen Chūō Shinkansen (planned)
JR East lines passing through Central Tokyo	JY Yamanote JK Keihin-Tōhoku - Negishi JB Chūō-Sōbu Local JC Chūō Rapid JO Yokosuka - Sōbu Rapid JU Utsunomiya & Takasaki - JT Tōkaidō Ueno–Tokyo JA Saikyo JS Shonan–Shinjuku JJ Jōban Rapid JL Jōban Local JE Keiyō
Tokyo Metro lines	C Chiyoda F Fukutoshin G Ginza H Hibiya M Marunouchi N Namboku T Tōzai Y Yūrakuchō Z Hanzōmon
Toei Subway lines	A Asakusa E Ōedo I Mita S Shinjuku
Yokohama Municipal Subway	Blue Line Green Line
JR East lines in satellite cities or suburbs	JM Musashino JH Yokohama JN Nambu JI Tsurumi Sagami Hachikō - Kawagoe Ryōmō Jōetsu Agatsuma Shin'etsu Tohoku Direction Karasuyama Nikkō Chuo Direction CO Chūō Main JC Itsukaichi JC Ōme Koumi Minobu ( JR Central) Shinonoi Sobu Direction Sōbu Main Sotobō Uchibō Kururi Tōgane Joban Direction Mito Narita Suigun Kashima JT Tokaido Direction JT Itō Gotemba ( JR Central)
Keikyu	Keikyū Main Airport Daishi Kurihama Zushi
Keio	Keio Keiō New Dōbutsuen Keibajō Sagamihara Takao Inokashira
Keisei	Keisei Main Chiba Chihara Higashi-Narita Kanamachi Oshiage Narita Sky Access
Odakyu	Odawara Enoshima Tama
Seibu	Ikebukuro Sayama Seibu Chichibu Seibu Yūrakuchō Toshima Seibu Shinjuku Haijima Kokubunji Seibuen Tamagawa Tamako
Sotetsu	Sotetsu Main Izumino JR Link Line Shin-Yokohama
Tobu	Skytree Kameido Daishi Isesaki Sano Koizumi Kiryū Nikkō Kinugawa Utsunomiya Urban Park Tōjō Ogose
Tōkyū Railways	DT Den-en-toshi IK Ikegami MG Meguro OM Ōimachi TM Tamagawa TY Tōyoko KD Kodomonokuni SH Shin-Yokohama
Other commuter rail lines	Hokusō Kantō Jōsō Ryūgasaki Nagareyama Rinkai Line Saitama Rapid Shibayama Shin-Keisei Tōyō Rapid Tsukuba Express Minatomirai 21
Trams	Enoden SG Setagaya Arakawa
Monorails	Chiba Monorail Disney Resort Shōnan Monorail Tama Monorail Tokyo Monorail
People movers	New Shuttle Kanazawa Seaside NT Nippori-Toneri Seibu Yamaguchi Yūkarigaoka Yurikamome
Hinterland	Chichibu Main Line Jōmō Line Jōshin Dentetsu Jōshin Line Watarase Keikoku Line Yagan Railway Mooka Line Minato Line Ōarai Kashima Line Chōshi Electric Railway Line Isumi Line Kominato Line
Funiculars and aerial lifts	Ōyama Cable Car Hodosan Ropeway (Takao Tozan Railway Mitake Tozan Cable Car ) (Nokogiriyama Ropeway Mount Tsukuba Cable Car Mount Tsukuba Ropeway) Akechidaira Ropeway Ikaho Ropeway Yokohama Air Cabin
Bus services and hubs	Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal Tokyo City Air Terminal (& Bus) Willer Express List of bus operating companies in Japan
Public ferries	Tokyo-Wan Ferry Tokyo Cruise Ship Tokyo Mizube Line Keihin Ferry Boat The Port Service (Yokohama)
Major terminals	Rail Akihabara Chiba Hachiōji Ikebukuro Kita-Senju Mito Odawara Ōmiya Ōtemachi Shibuya Shinagawa Shinjuku Tachikawa Tokyo Ueno Yokohama Shin-Yokohama Airports Haneda Narita Chōfu Ibaraki Ports Yokohama Tokyo Heliports Tokyo Heliport Camp Zama
Miscellaneous	Smart cards Pasmo Suica Transport in Greater Tokyo Rail transport in Japan List of named passenger trains of Japan List of through trains in Japan Toei Subway rolling stock Tokyo Metro rolling stock List of East Japan Railway Company stations List of Toei Subway stations List of Tokyo Metro stations Station numbering
Japan transit: Tokyo Keihanshin Nagoya Fukuoka Hakone Fuji Izu Hokkaido Aomori Sendai Akita Niigata Toyama Nagano Okayama Hiroshima Shikoku Metro systems Shinkansen trams (list) aerial lifts (list)