84th United States Congress

84th United States Congress
83rd ← → 85th
(1956)
January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957
Members	96 senators 435 representatives 3 non-voting delegates
Senate majority	Democratic
Senate President	Richard Nixon (R)
House majority	Democratic
House Speaker	Sam Rayburn (D)
Sessions
1st: January 5, 1955 – August 2, 1955 2nd: January 3, 1956 – July 27, 1956

The Eighty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1955 to January 3, 1957, during the third and fourth years of Dwight Eisenhower's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

Main articles: 1955 in the United States, 1956 in the United States, and 1957 in the United States

• January 28, 1955: Congress authorized the President to use force to protect Taiwan from the People's Republic of China
• February 10, 1955: The United States Navy helped the Republic of China evacuate Chinese Nationalist army and residents from the Tachen Islands to Taiwan.
• February 12, 1955: President Eisenhower sent the first U.S. advisers to South Vietnam.
• September 24, 1955: President Eisenhower suffered a coronary thrombosis.
• November 5, 1955: Racial segregation was forbidden on trains and buses in U.S. interstate commerce.
• December 1, 1955: Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on the bus to a white person.
• December 5, 1955: The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merged to become the AFL-CIO.
• March 12, 1956: 96 Congressmen signed the Southern Manifesto, a protest against the 1954 Supreme Court ruling (Brown v. Board of Education) desegregating public education.
• November 6, 1956: United States elections, 1956:
  • United States presidential election, 1956: Republican incumbent Dwight D. Eisenhower defeated Democratic challenger Adlai E. Stevenson in a rematch of their contest four years earlier.
  • United States Senate elections, 1956: The party balance of the chamber remained unchanged as Republican and Democratic gains cancelled each other.
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1956: Republicans lost a net of two seats to the majority Democrats.

Major legislation

Main article: List of United States federal legislation, 1901–2001 § 84th United States Congress

• January 29, 1955: Formosa Resolution
• March 31, 1955: Career Incentive Act
• June 28, 1955: Flood Control and Coastal Emergency Act, Pub. L. 84–99, 69 Stat. 194
• July 11, 1955: To provide that all United States currency shall bear the inscription "In God We Trust", Pub. L. 84–140, 69 Stat. 290, 31 U.S.C. § 5114(b)
• July 14, 1955: Air Pollution Control Act, Pub. L. 84–159, ch. 360, 69 Stat. 322
• July 23, 1955: Multiple Surface Use Mining Act, Pub. L. 94–167, ch. 730, 68 Stat. 708
• August 9, 1955: Reserve Forces Act, Pub. L. 84–305, 69 Stat. 598
• August 11, 1955: National Housing Act ("Capehart Act"), Pub. L. 84–345, 69 Stat. 646
• August 12, 1955: Poliomyelitis Vaccination Assistance Act, Pub. L. 84–377, ch. 863, 69 Stat. 704
• June 29, 1956: Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956, (National Interstate and Defense Highways Act), Pub. L. 84–627
• July 30, 1956: Health Research Facilities Act, Pub. L. 84–835, ch. 779, 70 Stat. 717
• August 8, 1956: Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956, ch. 1036, 70 Stat. 1119, 16 U.S.C. § 742a

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

	Party (shading shows control)			Total	Vacant
	Democratic (D)	Independent (I)	Republican (R)
End of previous congress	47	1	48	96	0
Begin	48	1	47	96	0
End	47	0	49
Final voting share	49.0%	0.0%	51.0%
Beginning of next congress	49	0	46	95	1

House of Representatives

• Democratic: 232 (majority)
• Republican: 203

TOTAL: 435

Leadership

Senate

Senate President
Richard Nixon (R)

Senate President pro tempore
Walter F. George (D)

• President of the Senate: Richard Nixon (R)
• President pro tempore: Walter F. George (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader and Democratic Conference chairman: Lyndon B. Johnson
• Majority Whip: Earle C. Clements

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: William F. Knowland
• Minority Whip: Leverett Saltonstall
• Republican Conference chairman: Eugene Millikin

House of Representatives

Speaker of the House
Sam Rayburn (D)

• Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

• Majority Leader: John William McCormack
• Majority Whip: Carl Albert
• Democratic Caucus chairman: John J. Rooney

Minority (Republican) leadership

• Minority Leader: Joseph William Martin, Jr.
• Minority Whip: Leslie C. Arends
• Republican Conference chairman: Clifford R. Hope

Caucuses

• House Democratic Caucus

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1958; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1960; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1956.

Alabama

• 3. J. Lister Hill (D)
• 2. John Sparkman (D)

Arizona

• 3. Carl Hayden (D)
• 1. Barry Goldwater (R)

Arkansas

• 2. John L. McClellan (D)
• 3. J. William Fulbright (D)

California

• 1. William F. Knowland (R)
• 3. Thomas Kuchel (R)

Colorado

• 3. Eugene D. Millikin (R)
• 2. Gordon L. Allott (R)

Connecticut

• 3. Prescott S. Bush (R)
• 1. William A. Purtell (R)

Delaware

• 1. John J. Williams (R)
• 2. J. Allen Frear, Jr. (D)

Florida

• 1. Spessard Holland (D)
• 3. George Smathers (D)

Georgia

• 3. Walter F. George (D)
• 2. Richard Russell, Jr. (D)

Idaho

• 2. Henry Dworshak (R)
• 3. Herman Welker (R)

Illinois

• 2. Paul Douglas (D)
• 3. Everett Dirksen (R)

Indiana

• 3. Homer E. Capehart (R)
• 1. William E. Jenner (R)

Iowa

• 3. Bourke B. Hickenlooper (R)
• 2. Thomas E. Martin (R)

Kansas

• 2. Andrew F. Schoeppel (R)
• 3. Frank Carlson (R)

Kentucky

• 3. Earle C. Clements (D)
• 2. Alben W. Barkley (D), until April 30, 1956
  • Robert Humphreys (D), June 21, 1956 – November 6, 1956
  • John Sherman Cooper (R), from November 7, 1956

Louisiana

• 2. Allen J. Ellender (D)
• 3. Russell B. Long (D)

Maine

• 2. Margaret Chase Smith (R)
• 1. Frederick G. Payne (R)

Maryland

• 3. John Marshall Butler (R)
• 1. J. Glenn Beall (R)

Massachusetts

• 2. Leverett Saltonstall (R)
• 1. John F. Kennedy (D)

Michigan

• 1. Charles E. Potter (R)
• 2. Patrick V. McNamara (D)

Minnesota

• 1. Edward J. Thye (R)
• 2. Hubert Humphrey (DFL)

Mississippi

• 2. James O. Eastland (D)
• 1. John C. Stennis (D)

Missouri

• 3. Thomas C. Hennings, Jr. (D)
• 1. Stuart Symington (D)

Montana

• 2. James E. Murray (D)
• 1. Mike Mansfield (D)

Nebraska

• 1. Roman Hruska (R)
• 2. Carl Curtis (R)

Nevada

• 1. George W. Malone (R)
• 3. Alan Bible (D)

New Hampshire

• 2. Styles Bridges (R)
• 3. Norris Cotton (R)

New Jersey

• 1. H. Alexander Smith (R)
• 2. Clifford P. Case (R)

New Mexico

• 1. Dennis Chavez (D)
• 2. Clinton P. Anderson (D)

New York

• 1. Irving Ives (R)
• 3. Herbert H. Lehman (D)

North Carolina

• 3. Sam Ervin (D)
• 2. W. Kerr Scott (D)

North Dakota

• 1. William Langer (R)
• 3. Milton Young (R)

Ohio

• 1. John W. Bricker (R)
• 3. George H. Bender (R)

Oklahoma

• 2. Robert S. Kerr (D)
• 3. A. S. Mike Monroney (D)

Oregon

• 3. Wayne Morse (I, changed to D April 30, 1955)
• 2. Richard L. Neuberger (D)

Pennsylvania

• 1. Edward Martin (R)
• 3. James H. Duff (R)

Rhode Island

• 2. Theodore F. Green (D)
• 1. John O. Pastore (D)

South Carolina

• 3. Olin D. Johnston (D)
• 2. Strom Thurmond (D), until April 4, 1956
  • Thomas A. Wofford (D), April 5, 1956 – November 6, 1956
  • Strom Thurmond (D), from November 7, 1956

South Dakota

• 2. Karl E. Mundt (R)
• 3. Francis H. Case (R)

Tennessee

• 2. Estes Kefauver (D)
• 1. Albert Gore, Sr. (D)

Texas

• 2. Lyndon B. Johnson (D)
• 1. Price Daniel (D)

Utah

• 1. Arthur V. Watkins (R)
• 3. Wallace F. Bennett (R)

Vermont

• 3. George Aiken (R)
• 1. Ralph Flanders (R)

Virginia

• 1. Harry F. Byrd (D)
• 2. A. Willis Robertson (D)

Washington

• 3. Warren G. Magnuson (D)
• 1. Henry M. Jackson (D)

West Virginia

• 1. Harley M. Kilgore (D), until February 28, 1956
  • William R. Laird, III (D), March 13, 1956 – November 6, 1956
  • W. Chapman Revercomb (R), from November 7, 1956
• 2. Matthew M. Neely (D)

Wisconsin

• 3. Alexander Wiley (R)
• 1. Joseph McCarthy (R)

Wyoming

• 1. Frank A. Barrett (R)
• 2. Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D)

Senate Majority Leader Lyndon Johnson (D)

Senate Minority Leader William F. Knowland (R)

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

(9 Democrats)

• 1. Frank W. Boykin (D)
• 2. George M. Grant (D)
• 3. George W. Andrews (D)
• 4. Kenneth A. Roberts (D)
• 5. Albert Rains (D)
• 6. Armistead I. Selden, Jr. (D)
• 7. Carl Elliott (D)
• 8. Robert E. Jones, Jr. (D)
• 9. George Huddleston, Jr. (D)

Arizona

(1-1 split)

• 1. John Jacob Rhodes (R)
• 2. Stewart Udall (D)

Arkansas

(6 Democrats)

• 1. Ezekiel C. Gathings (D)
• 2. Wilbur Mills (D)
• 3. James William Trimble (D)
• 4. Oren Harris (D)
• 5. Brooks Hays (D)
• 6. William F. Norrell (D)

California

(19-11 Republican)

• 1. Hubert B. Scudder (R)
• 2. Clair Engle (D)
• 3. John E. Moss (D)
• 4. William S. Mailliard (R)
• 5. John F. Shelley (D)
• 6. John F. Baldwin, Jr. (R)
• 7. John J. Allen, Jr. (R)
• 8. George P. Miller (D)
• 9. J. Arthur Younger (R)
• 10. Charles S. Gubser (R)
• 11. J. Leroy Johnson (R)
• 12. Bernice F. Sisk (D)
• 13. Charles M. Teague (R)
• 14. Harlan Hagen (D)
• 15. Gordon L. McDonough (R)
• 16. Donald L. Jackson (R)
• 17. Cecil R. King (D)
• 18. Craig Hosmer (R)
• 19. Chester E. Holifield (D)
• 20. J. Carl Hinshaw (R), until August 5, 1956
• 21. Edgar W. Hiestand (R)
• 22. Joseph F. Holt (R)
• 23. Clyde G. Doyle (D)
• 24. Glenard P. Lipscomb (R)
• 25. Patrick J. Hillings (R)
• 26. James Roosevelt (D)
• 27. Harry R. Sheppard (D)
• 28. James B. Utt (R)
• 29. John Phillips (R)
• 30. Bob Wilson (R)

Colorado

(2-break split)

• 1. Byron G. Rogers (D)
• 2. William S. Hill (R)
• 3. John Chenoweth (R)
• 4. Wayne N. Aspinall (D)

Connecticut

(5-1 Republican)

• 1. Thomas J. Dodd (D)
• 2. Horace J. Seely-Brown (R)
• 3. Albert W. Cretella (R)
• 4. Albert P. Morano (R)
• 5. James T. Patterson (R)
• At-large. Antoni N. Sadlak (R)

Delaware

(1 Democrat)

• At-large. Harris B. McDowell, Jr. (D)

Florida

(7-1 Democratic)

• 1. William C. Cramer (R)
• 2. Charles E. Bennett (D)
• 3. Robert L. F. Sikes (D)
• 4. Dante Fascell (D)
• 5. Albert S. Herlong, Jr. (D)
• 6. Paul G. Rogers (D), from January 4, 1955
• 7. James A. Haley (D)
• 8. Donald Ray Matthews (D)

Georgia

(10 Democrats)

• 1. Prince H. Preston, Jr. (D)
• 2. J. L. Pilcher (D)
• 3. Tic Forrester (D)
• 4. John James Flynt, Jr. (D)
• 5. James C. Davis (D)
• 6. Carl Vinson (D)
• 7. Henderson L. Lanham (D)
• 8. Iris F. Blitch (D)
• 9. Phillip M. Landrum (D)
• 10. Paul Brown (D)

Idaho

(1-1 split)

• 1. Gracie B. Pfost (D)
• 2. Hamer H. Budge (R)

Illinois

(13-12 Republican)

• 1. William L. Dawson (D)
• 2. Barratt O'Hara (D)
• 3. James C. Murray (D)
• 4. William E. McVey (R)
• 5. John C. Kluczynski (D)
• 6. Thomas J. O'Brien (D)
• 7. James B. Bowler (D)
• 8. Thomas S. Gordon (D)
• 9. Sidney R. Yates (D)
• 10. Richard W. Hoffman (R)
• 11. Timothy P. Sheehan (R)
• 12. Charles A. Boyle (D)
• 13. Marguerite S. Church (R)
• 14. Chauncey W. Reed (R), until February 9, 1956
• 15. Noah M. Mason (R)
• 16. Leo E. Allen (R)
• 17. Leslie C. Arends (R)
• 18. Harold H. Velde (R)
• 19. Robert B. Chiperfield (R)
• 20. Sid Simpson (R)
• 21. Peter F. Mack, Jr. (D)
• 22. William L. Springer (R)
• 23. Charles W. Vursell (R)
• 24. Charles Melvin Price (D)
• 25. Kenneth J. Gray (D)

Indiana

(9-2 Republican)

• 1. Ray J. Madden (D)
• 2. Charles A. Halleck (R)
• 3. Shepard J. Crumpacker, Jr. (R)
• 4. E. Ross Adair (R)
• 5. John V. Beamer (R)
• 6. Cecil M. Harden (R)
• 7. William G. Bray (R)
• 8. Winfield K. Denton (D)
• 9. Earl Wilson (R)
• 10. Ralph Harvey (R)
• 11. Charles B. Brownson (R)

Iowa

(8 Republicans)

• 1. Fred Schwengel (R)
• 2. Henry O. Talle (R)
• 3. Harold R. Gross (R)
• 4. Karl M. LeCompte (R)
• 5. Paul Cunningham (R)
• 6. James I. Dolliver (R)
• 7. Ben F. Jensen (R)
• 8. Charles B. Hoeven (R)

Kansas

(6 Republicans)

• 1. William H. Avery (R)
• 2. Errett P. Scrivner (R)
• 3. Myron V. George (R)
• 4. Edward Herbert Rees (R)
• 5. Clifford R. Hope (R)
• 6. Wint Smith (R)

Kentucky

(6-2 Democratic)

• 1. Noble Gregory (D)
• 2. William Natcher (D)
• 3. John M. Robsion, Jr. (R)
• 4. Frank Chelf (D)
• 5. Brent Spence (D)
• 6. John C. Watts (D)
• 7. Carl D. Perkins (D)
• 8. Eugene Siler (R)

Louisiana

(8 Democrats)

• 1. F. Edward Hébert (D)
• 2. Hale Boggs (D)
• 3. Edwin E. Willis (D)
• 4. Overton Brooks (D)
• 5. Otto Passman (D)
• 6. James H. Morrison (D)
• 7. T. Ashton Thompson (D)
• 8. George S. Long (D)

Maine

(3 Republicans)

• 1. Robert Hale (R)
• 2. Charles P. Nelson (R)
• 3. Clifford G. McIntire (R)

Maryland

(4-3 Democratic)

• 1. Edward T. Miller (R)
• 2. James Devereux (R)
• 3. Edward Garmatz (D)
• 4. George Fallon (D)
• 5. Richard Lankford (D)
• 6. DeWitt Hyde (R)
• 7. Samuel Friedel (D)

Massachusetts

(7-7 split)

• 1. John W. Heselton (R)
• 2. Edward Boland (D)
• 3. Philip J. Philbin (D)
• 4. Harold Donohue (D)
• 5. Edith Nourse Rogers (R)
• 6. William H. Bates (R)
• 7. Thomas J. Lane (D)
• 8. Torbert Macdonald (D)
• 9. Donald W. Nicholson (R)
• 10. Laurence Curtis (R)
• 11. Tip O'Neill (D)
• 12. John W. McCormack (D)
• 13. Richard B. Wigglesworth (R)
• 14. Joseph W. Martin, Jr. (R)

Michigan

(11-7 Republican)

• 1. Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D)
• 2. George Meader (R)
• 3. August E. Johansen (R)
• 4. Clare Hoffman (R)
• 5. Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R)
• 6. Donald Hayworth (D)
• 7. Jesse P. Wolcott (R)
• 8. Alvin M. Bentley (R)
• 9. Ruth Thompson (R)
• 10. Elford A. Cederberg (R)
• 11. Victor A. Knox (R)
• 12. John B. Bennett (R)
• 13. Charles Diggs (D)
• 14. Louis C. Rabaut (D)
• 15. John D. Dingell, Sr. (D), until September 19, 1955
  • John Dingell (D), from December 13, 1955
• 16. John Lesinski, Jr. (D)
• 17. Martha Griffiths (D)
• 18. George A. Dondero (R)

Minnesota

(5-4 Democratic)

• 1. August H. Andresen (R)
• 2. Joseph P. O'Hara (R)
• 3. Roy W. Wier (DFL)
• 4. Eugene McCarthy (DFL)
• 5. Walter Judd (R)
• 6. Fred Marshall (DFL)
• 7. H. Carl Andersen (R)
• 8. John Blatnik (DFL)
• 9. Coya Knutson (DFL)

Mississippi

(6 Democrats)

• 1. Thomas Abernethy (D)
• 2. Jamie L. Whitten (D)
• 3. Frank E. Smith (D)
• 4. John Bell Williams (D)
• 5. W. Arthur Winstead (D)
• 6. William M. Colmer (D)

Missouri

(9-2 Democratic)

• 1. Frank M. Karsten (D)
• 2. Thomas B. Curtis (R)
• 3. Leonor Sullivan (D)
• 4. George H. Christopher (D)
• 5. Richard W. Bolling (D)
• 6. William R. Hull, Jr. (D)
• 7. Dewey J. Short (R)
• 8. Albert S. J. Carnahan (D)
• 9. Clarence Cannon (D)
• 10. Paul C. Jones (D)
• 11. Morgan M. Moulder (D)

Montana

(1-1 split)

• 1. Lee W. Metcalf (D)
• 2. Orvin B. Fjare (R)

Nebraska

(4 Republicans)

• 1. Phillip H. Weaver (R)
• 2. Jackson B. Chase (R)
• 3. Robert D. Harrison (R)
• 4. Arthur L. Miller (R)

Nevada

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Clarence C. Young (R)

New Hampshire

(2 Republicans)

• 1. Chester Earl Merrow (R)
• 2. Perkins Bass (R)

New Jersey

(8-6 Republican)

• 1. Charles A. Wolverton (R)
• 2. T. Millet Hand (R), until December 26, 1956
• 3. James C. Auchincloss (R)
• 4. Frank Thompson (D)
• 5. Peter H. B. Frelinghuysen, Jr. (R)
• 6. Harrison A. Williams (D)
• 7. William B. Widnall (R)
• 8. Gordon Canfield (R)
• 9. Frank C. Osmers, Jr. (R)
• 10. Peter W. Rodino (D)
• 11. Hugh J. Addonizio (D)
• 12. Robert Kean (R)
• 13. Alfred D. Sieminski (D)
• 14. T. James Tumulty (D)

New Mexico

(2 Democrats) Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket

• At-large. Antonio M. Fernández (D), until November 7, 1956
• At-large. John J. Dempsey (D)

New York

(26-17 Republican)

• 1. Stuyvesant Wainwright (R)
• 2. Steven B. Derounian (R)
• 3. Frank J. Becker (R)
• 4. Henry J. Latham (R)
• 5. Albert H. Bosch (R)
• 6. Lester Holtzman (D)
• 7. James Delaney (D)
• 8. Victor L. Anfuso (D)
• 9. Eugene J. Keogh (D)
• 10. Edna F. Kelly (D)
• 11. Emanuel Celler (D)
• 12. Francis E. Dorn (R)
• 13. Abraham J. Multer (D)
• 14. John J. Rooney (D)
• 15. John H. Ray (R)
• 16. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. (D)
• 17. Frederic R. Coudert, Jr. (R)
• 18. James G. Donovan (D)
• 19. Arthur G. Klein (D), until December 31, 1956
• 20. Irwin D. Davidson (DL), until December 31, 1956
• 21. Herbert Zelenko (D)
• 22. Sidney A. Fine (D), until January 2, 1956
  • James C. Healey (D), from February 7, 1956
• 23. Isidore Dollinger (D)
• 24. Charles A. Buckley (D)
• 25. Paul A. Fino (R)
• 26. Ralph A. Gamble (R)
• 27. Ralph W. Gwinn (R)
• 28. Katharine St. George (R)
• 29. J. Ernest Wharton (R)
• 30. Leo W. O'Brien (D)
• 31. Dean P. Taylor (R)
• 32. Bernard W. (Pat) Kearney (R)
• 33. Clarence E. Kilburn (R)
• 34. William R. Williams (R)
• 35. R. Walter Riehlman (R)
• 36. John Taber (R)
• 37. W. Sterling Cole (R)
• 38. Kenneth Keating (R)
• 39. Harold C. Ostertag (R)
• 40. William E. Miller (R)
• 41. Edmund P. Radwan (R)
• 42. John R. Pillion (R)
• 43. Daniel A. Reed (R)

North Carolina

(11-1 Democratic)

• 1. Herbert C. Bonner (D)
• 2. Lawrence H. Fountain (D)
• 3. Graham A. Barden (D)
• 4. Harold D. Cooley (D)
• 5. Richard T. Chatham (D)
• 6. Carl T. Durham (D)
• 7. F. Ertel Carlyle (D)
• 8. Charles B. Deane (D)
• 9. Hugh Q. Alexander (D)
• 10. Charles R. Jonas (R)
• 11. Woodrow W. Jones (D)
• 12. George A. Shuford (D)

North Dakota

(2 Republicans) Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket

• At-large. Usher L. Burdick (R)
• At-large. Otto Krueger (R)

Ohio

(17-6 Republican)

• 1. Gordon H. Scherer (R)
• 2. William E. Hess (R)
• 3. Paul F. Schenck (R)
• 4. William M. McCulloch (R)
• 5. Cliff Clevenger (R)
• 6. James G. Polk (D)
• 7. Clarence J. Brown (R)
• 8. Jackson E. Betts (R)
• 9. Thomas W. L. Ashley (D)
• 10. Thomas A. Jenkins (R)
• 11. Oliver P. Bolton (R)
• 12. John M. Vorys (R)
• 13. Albert D. Baumhart, Jr. (R)
• 14. William H. Ayres (R)
• 15. John E. Henderson (R)
• 16. Frank T. Bow (R)
• 17. J. Harry McGregor (R)
• 18. Wayne L. Hays (D)
• 19. Michael J. Kirwan (D)
• 20. Michael A. Feighan (D)
• 21. Charles A. Vanik (D)
• 22. Frances P. Bolton (R)
• 23. William E. Minshall, Jr. (R)

Oklahoma

(5-1 Democratic)

• 1. Page Belcher (R)
• 2. Edmond A. Edmondson (D)
• 3. Carl B. Albert (D)
• 4. Thomas J. Steed (D)
• 5. John Jarman (D)
• 6. Victor E. Wickersham (D)

Oregon

(3-1 Republican)

• 1. A. Walter Norblad (R)
• 2. Samuel H. Coon (R)
• 3. Edith S. Green (D)
• 4. Harris Ellsworth (R)

Pennsylvania

(16-14 Republican)

• 1. William A. Barrett (D)
• 2. William T. Granahan (D), until May 25, 1956
  • Kathryn E. Granahan (D), from November 6, 1956
• 3. James A. Byrne (D)
• 4. Earl Chudoff (D)
• 5. William J. Green, Jr. (D)
• 6. Hugh D. Scott, Jr. (R)
• 7. Benjamin F. James (R)
• 8. Karl C. King (R)
• 9. Paul B. Dague (R)
• 10. Joseph L. Carrigg (R)
• 11. Daniel J. Flood (D)
• 12. Ivor D. Fenton (R)
• 13. Samuel K. McConnell, Jr. (R)
• 14. George M. Rhodes (D)
• 15. Francis E. Walter (D)
• 16. Walter M. Mumma (R)
• 17. Alvin R. Bush (R)
• 18. Richard M. Simpson (R)
• 19. James M. Quigley (D)
• 20. James E. Van Zandt (R)
• 21. Augustine B. Kelley (D)
• 22. John P. Saylor (R)
• 23. Leon H. Gavin (R)
• 24. Carroll D. Kearns (R)
• 25. Frank M. Clark (D)
• 26. Thomas E. Morgan (D)
• 27. James G. Fulton (R)
• 28. Herman P. Eberharter (D)
• 29. Robert J. Corbett (R)
• 30. Vera Buchanan (D), until November 26, 1955
  • Elmer J. Holland (D), from January 24, 1956

Rhode Island

(2 Democrats)

• 1. Aime Forand (D)
• 2. John E. Fogarty (D)

South Carolina

(6 Democrats)

• 1. L. Mendel Rivers (D)
• 2. John J. Riley (D)
• 3. W. J. Bryan Dorn (D)
• 4. Robert T. Ashmore (D)
• 5. James P. Richards (D)
• 6. John L. McMillan (D)

South Dakota

(2 Republicans)

• 1. Harold Lovre (R)
• 2. Ellis Y. Berry (R)

Tennessee

(7-2 Democratic)

• 1. B. Carroll Reece (R)
• 2. Howard Baker, Sr. (R)
• 3. James B. Frazier, Jr. (D)
• 4. Joe L. Evins (D)
• 5. Percy Priest (D), until October 12, 1956
• 6. Ross Bass (D)
• 7. Thomas J. Murray (D)
• 8. Jere Cooper (D)
• 9. Clifford Davis (D)

Texas

(21-1 Democratic)

• 1. Wright Patman (D)
• 2. Jack Brooks (D)
• 3. Brady P. Gentry (D)
• 4. Sam Rayburn (D)
• 5. Bruce Alger (R)
• 6. Olin E. Teague (D)
• 7. John Dowdy (D)
• 8. Albert Thomas (D)
• 9. Clark W. Thompson (D)
• 10. W. Homer Thornberry (D)
• 11. William R. Poage (D)
• 12. Jim Wright (D)
• 13. Frank N. Ikard (D)
• 14. John J. Bell (D)
• 15. Joe M. Kilgore (D)
• 16. J. T. Rutherford (D)
• 17. Omar T. Burleson (D)
• 18. Walter Rogers (D)
• 19. George H. Mahon (D)
• 20. Paul J. Kilday (D)
• 21. O. C. Fisher (D)
• At-large. Martin Dies, Jr. (D)

Utah

(2 Republicans)

• 1. Henry Aldous Dixon (R)
• 2. William A. Dawson (R)

Vermont

(1 Republican)

• At-large. Winston L. Prouty (R)

Virginia

(8-2 Democratic)

• 1. Edward J. Robeson, Jr. (D)
• 2. Porter J. Hardy (D)
• 3. J. Vaughan Gary (D)
• 4. Watkins M. Abbitt (D)
• 5. William M. Tuck (D)
• 6. Richard H. Poff (R)
• 7. Burr Harrison (D)
• 8. Howard W. Smith (D)
• 9. W. Pat Jennings (D)
• 10. Joel Broyhill (R)

Washington

(6-1 Democratic)

• 1. Thomas Pelly (R)
• 2. Alfred Westland (R)
• 3. Russell V. Mack (R)
• 4. Hal Holmes (R)
• 5. Walt Horan (R)
• 6. Thor C. Tollefson (R)
• At-large. Donald H. Magnuson (D)

West Virginia

(6 Democrats)

• 1. Bob Mollohan (D)
• 2. Harley O. Staggers (D)
• 3. Cleveland M. Bailey (D)
• 4. Maurice G. Burnside (D)
• 5. Elizabeth Kee (D)
• 6. Robert Byrd (D)

Wisconsin

(7-3 Republican)

• 1. Lawrence H. Smith (R)
• 2. Glenn R. Davis (R)
• 3. Gardner R. Withrow (R)
• 4. Clement J. Zablocki (D)
• 5. Henry S. Reuss (D)
• 6. William Van Pelt (R)
• 7. Melvin R. Laird (R)
• 8. John W. Byrnes (R)
• 9. Lester R. Johnson (D)
• 10. Alvin O'Konski (R)

Wyoming

(1 Republican)

• At-large. E. Keith Thomson (R)

Non-voting members

(1 Democrat, 1 Republican, 1 New Progressive)

• Alaska Territory. Bob Bartlett (D)
• Hawaii Territory. Elizabeth P. Farrington (R)
• Puerto Rico. Antonio Fernós-Isern (Resident Commissioner) (PPD)

House seats by party holding plurality in state
80.1–100% Democratic	80.1–100% Republican
60.1–80% Democratic	60.1–80% Republican
Up to 60% Democratic	Up to 60% Republican

House Majority Leader
John William McCormack (D)

House Majority Whip
Leverett Saltonstall (D)

House Minority Leader
Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R)

House Minority Whip
Leslie C. Arends (R)

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate

• Replacements: 3
  • Democratic: 1 net loss
  • Independent Democratic: 1 net loss
  • Republican: 2 net gain
• Deaths: 2
• Resignations: 1
• Interim appointments: 3
• Total seats with changes: 3

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate |- | Oregon
(3) | nowrap style="background-color:#DCDCDC" | Wayne Morse (I) | style="front-size:80%" | Changed Political Parties April 30, 1955 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Wayne Morse (D) | April 30, 1955 |- | West Virginia
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Harley M. Kilgore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 28, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | William R. Laird, III (D) | March 13, 1956 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Strom Thurmond (ID) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 4, 1956 to trigger a contested primary as promised to voters | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Wofford (D) | April 5, 1956 |- | Kentucky
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Alben W. Barkley (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 30, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert Humphreys (D) | June 21, 1956 |- | Kentucky
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Robert Humphreys (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | John S. Cooper (R) | November 7, 1956 |- | South Carolina
(2) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Thomas A. Wofford (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | Strom Thurmond (D) | November 7, 1956 |- | West Virginia
(1) | nowrap style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" | William R. Laird, III (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 6, 1956 | nowrap style="background-color:#FFB6B6" | W. Chapman Revercomb (R) | November 7, 1956 |}

House of Representatives

• Replacements: 5
  • Democratic: no net change
  • Republican: no net change
• Deaths: 9
• Resignations: 3
• Total seats with changes: 12

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep |- | Florida 6th | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Rep. Dwight L. Rogers died during previous congress | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Paul Rogers (D) | January 4, 1955 |- | Michigan 15th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| John D. Dingell, Sr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 19, 1955 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | John Dingell (D) | December 13, 1955 |- | Pennsylvania 30th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Vera Buchanan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 26, 1955 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Elmer J. Holland (D) | January 24, 1956 |- | New York 22nd | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Sidney A. Fine (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 2, 1956 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | James C. Healey (D) | February 7, 1956 |- | Illinois 14th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| Chauncey W. Reed (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died February 9, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Pennsylvania 2nd | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| William T. Granahan (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 25, 1956 | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap | Kathryn E. Granahan (D) | November 6, 1956 |- | California 20th | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| J. Carl Hinshaw (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died August 5, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Tennessee 5th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Percy Priest (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died October 12, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New Mexico At-large | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Antonio M. Fernández (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died November 7, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New Jersey 2nd | style="background-color:#FFB6B6" nowrap| T. Millet Hand (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died December 26, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New York 19th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Arthur G. Klein (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1956 after being elected to the New York Supreme Court | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | New York 20th | style="color:black;background-color:#B0CEFF" nowrap| Irwin D. Davidson (DL) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 31, 1956 | Vacant | Not filled this term |}

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

• Agriculture and Forestry
• Appropriations
• Banking and Currency
• Contribution Investigation (Select)
• District of Columbia
• Finance
• Foreign Relations
• Foreign Aid Program (Special)
• Government Operations
• Interior and Insular Affairs
• Interstate and Foreign Commerce
• Judiciary
• Labor and Public Welfare
• Political Activities, Lobbying and Campaign Contributions (Special)
• Post Office and Civil Service
• Public Works
• Senate Reception Room (Special)
• Small Business (Select)
• Subcommittee on Internal Security
• Whole

House of Representatives

• Agriculture
• Appropriations
• Banking and Currency
• Benefits for Dependents of Armed Services Veterans (Select)
• Defense Production
• District of Columbia
• Education and Labor
• Foreign Affairs
• House Administration
• Government Operations
• Interior and Insular Affairs
• Merchant Marine and Fisheries
• Post Office and Civil Service
• Public Works
• Rules
• Small Business (Select)
• Standards of Official Conduct
• Un-American Activities
• Veterans' Affairs
• Ways and Means
• Whole

Joint appointments

• Atomic Energy
• Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
• Construction of a Building for a Museum of History and Technology for the Smithsonian
• Defense Production
• Disposition of Executive Papers
• Economic
• Immigration and Nationality Policy
• Legislative Budget
• The Library
• Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration
• Printing
• Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures
• Taxation

Employees and legislative agency directors

Legislative branch agency directors

• Architect of the Capitol: J. George Stewart, appointed October 1, 1954
• Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver
• Comptroller General of the United States: Joseph Campbell
• Librarian of Congress: Lawrence Quincy Mumford
• Public Printer of the United States: Raymond Blattenberger

Senate

• Chaplain: Frederick Brown Harris, Methodist
• Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins
• Secretary: Felton McLellan Johnston
• Sergeant at Arms: Joseph C. Duke

House of Representatives

• Clerk: Ralph R. Roberts of Indiana
• Sergeant at Arms: Zeake W. Johnson, Jr. of Tennessee, elected January 5, 1955
• Doorkeeper: William M. Miller of Mississippi, elected January 5, 1955
• Postmaster: H. H. Morris of Kentucky, elected January 5, 1955
• Messenger to the Speaker: Lewis Deschler
• Chaplain: Bernard Braskamp (Presbyterian)

See also

• United States elections, 1954 (elections leading to this Congress)
  • United States Senate elections, 1954
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1954
• United States elections, 1956 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
  • United States presidential election, 1956
  • United States Senate elections, 1956
  • United States House of Representatives elections, 1956

References

• Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

External links

• Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
• U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
• U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
• House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 84th Congress (PDF).
• Official Congressional Directory for the 84th Congress, 1st Session.
• Official Congressional Directory for the 84th Congress, 2nd Session.
• Pocket Congressional Directory for the 84th Congress.