Jump to content

Haneda Airport

Coordinates: 35°33′12″N 139°46′52″E / 35.55333°N 139.78111°E / 35.55333; 139.78111
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 46.231.64.50 (talk) at 13:14, 30 November 2022 (→Facilities). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

"Haneda" redirects here. For the neighborhood of Ōta, Tokyo, see Haneda, Ōta, Tokyo. For the surname, see Haneda (surname).
"Tokyo International Airport" redirects here. For Tokyo's other international airport, see Narita International Airport.
Tokyo International Airport

東京国際空港

Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō
Summary
Airport typePublic
Owner/OperatorMinistry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
ServesGreater Tokyo Area
LocationŌta, Tokyo, Japan
Opened15 August 1931; 93 years ago (1931-08-15)
Hub for
Elevation AMSL6 m / 21 ft
Coordinates35°33′12″N 139°46′52″E / 35.55333°N 139.78111°E / 35.55333; 139.78111
Websitetokyo-haneda.com/en/
Maps
Map
HND /RJTT is located in Japan
HND /RJTT
HND /RJTT
Location in Japan
HND /RJTT is located in Asia
HND /RJTT
HND /RJTT
HND /RJTT (Asia)
HND /RJTT is located in Earth
HND /RJTT
HND /RJTT
HND /RJTT (Earth)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
16R/34L 3,000 9,843 Asphalt concrete
16L/34R 3,360 11,024 Asphalt concrete
04/22 2,500 8,202 Asphalt concrete
05/23 2,500 8,202 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2018)
Number of passengers84,893,742
Sources:[1]

Haneda Airport (羽田空港, Haneda Kūkō), officially Tokyo International Airport (東京国際空港, Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō), and sometimes called as Tokyo Haneda Airport or Haneda International Airport (IATA: HND, ICAO: RJTT), is one of two international airports serving the Greater Tokyo Area, the other one being Narita International Airport (NRT). It serves as the primary base of Japan's two major domestic airlines, Japan Airlines (Terminal 2[2]) and All Nippon Airways (Terminal 1[3]), as well as Air Do, Skymark Airlines, Solaseed Air, and StarFlyer. It is located in Ōta, Tokyo, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of Tokyo Station.

Haneda was the primary international airport serving Tokyo until 1978; from 1978 to 2010, Haneda handled almost all domestic flights to and from Tokyo as well as "scheduled charter" flights to a small number of major cities in East and Southeast Asia, while Narita International Airport handled the vast majority of international flights from further locations. In 2010, a dedicated international terminal, currently Terminal 3, was opened at Haneda in conjunction with the completion of a fourth runway, allowing long-haul flights during night-time hours.[4] Haneda opened up to long-haul service during the daytime in March 2014, with carriers offering nonstop service to 25 cities in 17 countries.[5]

The Japanese government constantly encourages the use of Haneda for premium business routes and the use of Narita for leisure routes and by low-cost carriers.[6] Haneda handled 87,098,683 passengers in 2018; by passenger throughput, it was the third-busiest airport in Asia and the fourth-busiest in the world, after Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Beijing Capital International Airport (Asia's busiest), and Dubai International Airport.[7] It is able to handle 90 million passengers per year following its expansion in 2018. With Haneda and Narita combined, Tokyo has the third-busiest city airport system in the world, after London and New York.

In 2020, Haneda was named the second best airport after Singapore's Changi Airport[8] and the World's Best Domestic Airport,[9] As of 2021, Haneda was rated by Skytrax as the second Best Airport in-between Qatar's Hamad International Airport and Singapore's Changi Airport, and maintaining its best Domestic Airport title from the previous year.[10][11]

History

Before the construction of Haneda Airport, Tachikawa Airfield was Tokyo's primary airport. It was the main operating base of Japan Air Transport, then the country's flag carrier. But as it was a military base and 35 kilometres (22 mi) away from central Tokyo, aviators in Tokyo used various beaches of Tokyo Bay as airstrips, including beaches near the current site of Haneda (Haneda was a town located on Tokyo Bay, which merged into the Tokyo ward of Kamata in 1932).[12] In 1930, the Japanese postal ministry purchased a 53-hectare (130-acre) portion of reclaimed land from a private individual in order to construct an airport.[13]

Empire/war era (1931–1945)

Apron and runway at Haneda Airfield in c1930
Haneda Airfield in 1937

Haneda Airfield (羽田飛行場, Haneda Hikōjō) first opened in 1931 on a small piece of reclaimed land at the west end of today's airport complex. A 300-metre (980 ft) concrete runway, a small airport terminal and 2 hangars were constructed. The first flight from the airport on August 25, 1931, carried a load of insects to Dalian.[13]

During the 1930s, Haneda handled flights to destinations in Japan mainland, Taiwan, Korea (both under Japanese rule) and Manchuria (ruled by Manchukuo).[14] The major Japanese newspapers also built their first flight departments at Haneda during this time, and Manchukuo National Airways began service between Haneda and Hsinking. JAT was renamed Imperial Japanese Airways following its nationalization in 1938.[13] Passenger and freight traffic grew dramatically in these early years. In 1939, Haneda's first runway was extended to 800 metres (2,600 ft) in length and a second 800-metre (2,600 ft) runway was completed.[15] The airport's size grew to 72.8 hectares (180 acres) using land purchased by the postal ministry from a nearby exercise ground.[13]

During World War II, both IJA and Haneda Airport shifted to almost exclusively military transport services. Haneda Airport was also used by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service for flight training during the war.[13]

In the late 1930s, the Tokyo government planned a new Tokyo Municipal Airport on an artificial island in Koto Ward. At 251 hectares (620 acres), the airport would have been five times the size of Haneda at the time, and significantly larger than Tempelhof Airport in Berlin, which was said to be the largest airport in the world at the time. The airport plan was finalized in 1938 and work on the island began in 1939 for completion in 1941, but the project fell behind schedule due to resource constraints during World War II. This plan was officially abandoned following the war, as the Allied occupation authorities favored expanding Haneda rather than building a new airport; the island was later expanded by dumping garbage into the bay, and is now known as Yumenoshima.[16]

U.S. occupation (1945–1952)

U.S. Air Force C-97 Stratofreighter at Haneda Army Air Base in 1952

On September 12, 1945, General Douglas MacArthur, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers and head of the Occupation of Japan following World War II, ordered that Haneda be handed over to the occupation forces. On the following day, he took delivery of the airport, which was renamed Haneda Army Air Base, and ordered the eviction of many nearby residents in order to make room for various construction projects, including extending one runway to 1,650 metres (5,413 ft) and the other to 2,100 metres (6,890 ft). On the 21st, over 3,000 residents received orders to leave their homes within 48 hours. Many resettled on the other side of a river in the Haneda district of Ota, surrounding Anamoriinari Station, and some still live in the area today.[17] The expansion work commenced in October 1945 and was completed in June 1946, at which point the airport covered 257.4 hectares (636 acres). Haneda AAF was designated as a port of entry to Japan.[13]

Haneda was mainly a military and civilian transportation base used by the U.S. Army and Air Force as a stop-over for C-54 transport planes departing San Francisco, en route to the Far East and returning flights. A number of C-54s, based at Haneda AFB, participated in the Berlin Blockade airlift. These planes were specially outfitted for hauling coal to German civilians. Many of these planes were decommissioned after their participation due to coal dust contamination. Several US Army or Air Force generals regularly parked their personal planes at Haneda while visiting Tokyo, including General Ennis Whitehead. During the Korean War, Haneda was the main regional base for United States Navy flight nurses, who evacuated patients from Korea to Haneda for treatment at military hospitals in Tokyo and Yokosuka.[18] US military personnel based at Haneda were generally housed at the Washington Heights residential complex in central Tokyo (now Yoyogi Park).

Haneda Air Force Base received its first international passenger flights in 1947 when Northwest Orient Airlines began DC-4 flights across the North Pacific to the United States, and within Asia to China, South Korea, and the Philippines.[19] Pan American World Airways made Haneda a stop on its "round the world" route later in 1947, with westbound DC-4 service to Shanghai, Hong Kong, Kolkata, Karachi, Damascus, Istanbul, London and New York, and eastbound Constellation service to Wake Island, Honolulu and San Francisco.[20]

The U.S. military gave part of the base back to Japan in 1952; this portion became known as Tokyo International Airport. The US military maintained a base at Haneda until 1958 when the remainder of the property was returned to the Japanese government.[13]

International era (1952–1978)

1955 passenger terminal at Haneda
Japan Airlines flight attendants in 1951

Japan's flag carrier Japan Airlines began its first domestic operations from Haneda in 1951. For a few postwar years Tokyo International Airport did not have a passenger terminal building. The Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd. TYO: 9706 was founded in 1953 to develop the first passenger terminal, which opened in 1955. An extension for international flights opened in 1963.[21] European carriers began service to Haneda in the 1950s. Air France arrived at Haneda for the first time in November 1952.[22] BOAC de Havilland Comet flights to London via the southern route began in 1953, and SAS DC-7 flights to Copenhagen via Anchorage began in 1957. JAL and Aeroflot began cooperative service from Haneda to Moscow in 1967. Pan Am and Northwest Orient used Haneda as a hub. The August 1957 Official Airline Guide shows 86 domestic and 8 international departures each week on Japan Air Lines. Other international departures per week: seven Civil Air Transport, three Thai DC4s, 2 Hong Kong Airways Viscounts (and maybe three DC-6Bs), two Air India and one QANTAS. Northwest had 16 departures a week, Pan Am had 12 and Canadian Pacific had four; Air France three, KLM three, SAS five, Swissair two and BOAC three. As of 1966, the airport had three runways: 15L/33R (10,335 by 200 feet (3,150 m × 61 m)), 15R/33L (9,850 by 180 feet (3,002 m × 55 m)) and 4/22 (5,150 by 150 feet (1,570 m × 46 m)).[23]

The Tokyo Monorail opened between Haneda and central Tokyo in 1964, in time for the Tokyo Olympics. During 1964 Japan lifted travel restrictions on its citizens, causing passenger traffic at the airport to swell.[21] The introduction of jet aircraft in the 1960s followed by the Boeing 747 in 1970 also required various facility improvements at Haneda, including repurposing the original runway 15R/33L as an airport apron. Around 1961, the government began considering further expansion of Haneda with a third runway and additional apron space, but forecast that the expansion would only meet capacity requirements for about ten years following completion. In 1966, the government decided to build a new airport for international flights. In 1978, Narita Airport opened, taking over almost all international service in the Greater Tokyo Area, and Haneda became a domestic airport.[13]

Domestic era (1978–2010)

An aerial view of Haneda in 1984 showing the 1970 terminal on the west side of the field, the site of which is now occupied by Terminal 3. The large area under reclamation to the east would become the site of today's Terminal 1 and Terminal 2.

While most international flights moved from Haneda to Narita in 1978, airlines based in the Republic of China on Taiwan continued to use Haneda Airport for many years due to the ongoing political conflict between the Republic of China (Taiwan) and the People's Republic of China (China). China Airlines served Taipei and Honolulu from Haneda; Taiwan's second major airline, EVA Air, joined CAL at Haneda in 1999. All Taiwan flights were moved to Narita in 2002, and Haneda-Honolulu services ceased. In 2003, JAL, ANA, Korean Air and Asiana began service to Gimpo Airport in Seoul, providing a "scheduled charter" city-to-city service.

Terminal 1, completed in 1993, now houses Japan's flag carrier Japan Airlines and Skymark
Terminal 2, completed in 2004, now houses All Nippon Airways, StarFlyer, Skynet Asia and Air Do.

The Transport Ministry released an expansion plan for Haneda in 1983 under which it would be expanded onto new landfill in Tokyo Bay with the aim of increasing capacity, reducing noise and making use of the large amount of garbage generated by Tokyo. In July 1988, a new 3,000-metre (9,800 ft) runway opened on the landfill. In September 1993, the old airport terminal was replaced by a new West Passenger Terminal, nicknamed "Big Bird", which was built farther out on the landfill. New C (parallel) and B (cross) runways were completed in March 1997 and March 2000 respectively.[13] In 2004, Terminal 2 opened at Haneda for ANA and Air Do; the 1993 terminal, now known as Terminal 1, became the base for JAL, Skymark and Skynet Asia Airways.[24]

In October 2006, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao reached an informal agreement to launch bilateral talks regarding an additional city-to-city service between Haneda and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport.[25] On 25 June 2007, the two governments concluded an agreement allowing for the Haneda-Hongqiao service to commence from October 2007.[26]

In December 2007, Japan and the People's Republic of China reached a basic agreement on opening charter services between Haneda and Beijing Nanyuan Airport. However, because of difficulties in negotiating with the Chinese military operators of Nanyuan, the first charter flights in August 2008 (coinciding with the 2008 Summer Olympics) used Beijing Capital International Airport instead, as did subsequent scheduled charters to Beijing.[27]

In June 2007, Haneda gained the right to host international flights that depart between 8:30 pm and 11:00 pm and arrive between 6 am and 8:30 am. The airport allows departures and arrivals between 11 pm and 6 am, as Narita Airport is closed during these hours.[28][29]

Macquarie Bank and Macquarie Airports owned a 19.9% stake in Japan Airport Terminal until 2009, when they sold their stake back to the company.[30]

Expansion of international service (2010–2014)

Terminal 3, opened in October 2010

A third terminal for international flights was completed in October 2010. The cost to construct the five-story terminal building and attached 2,300-car parking deck was covered by a private finance initiative process, revenues from duty-free concessions and a facility use charge of ¥2,000 per passenger. Both the Tokyo Monorail and the Keikyū Airport Line added stops at the new terminal, and an international air cargo facility was constructed nearby.[31][32] The fourth runway (05/23), which is called D Runway,[33] was also completed in 2010, having been constructed via land reclamation to the south of the existing airfield. This runway was designed to increase Haneda's operational capacity from 285,000 movements to 407,000 movements per year, permitting increased frequencies on existing routes, as well as routes to new destinations.[31] In particular, Haneda would offer additional slots to handle 60,000 overseas flights a year (30,000 during the day and 30,000 during late night and early morning hours).[34][35]

In May 2008, the Japanese Ministry of Transport announced that international flights would be allowed between Haneda and any overseas destination, provided that such flights must operate between 11 pm and 7 am.[34] The Ministry of Transport originally planned to allocate a number of the newly available landing slots to international flights of 1,947 kilometres (1,210 mi) or less (the distance to Ishigaki, the longest domestic flight operating from Haneda).[31]

Haneda airport expansion layout

30,000 annual international slots became available upon the opening of the International Terminal, current Terminal 3, in October 2010 and were allocated to government authorities in several countries for further allocation to airlines. While service to Seoul, Taipei, Shanghai and other regional destinations continued to be allowed during the day, long-haul services were initially limited to overnight hours. Many long-haul services from Haneda struggled, such as British Airways service to London (temporarily suspended and then restored on a less than daily basis before becoming a daily daytime service) and Air Canada service to Vancouver (announced but never commenced until Air Canada began a code share on ANA's Haneda-Vancouver flight). Delta Air Lines replaced its initial service to Detroit with service to Seattle before cancelling the service entirely in favor for the daytime services to Los Angeles and Minneapolis (although both the Detroit and the Seattle services have since resumed as daytime services).[36] In October 2013, American Airlines announced the cancellation of its service between Haneda and New York JFK stating that it was "quite unprofitable" owing to the schedule constraints at Haneda.[37]

Interior of the International Terminal (Terminal 3) departure hall in 2020

Haneda Airport's new International Terminal has received numerous complaints from passengers using it during night hours. One of the complaints is the lack of amenities available in the building as most restaurants and shops are closed at night. Another complaint is that there is no affordable public transportation at night operating out of the terminals. The Keikyu Airport Line, Tokyo Monorail and most bus operators stop running services out of Haneda by midnight, and so passengers landing at night are forced to go by car or taxi to their destination. A Haneda spokesperson said that they would work with transportation operators and the government to improve the situation.[38]

Daytime international slots were allocated in October 2013. In the allocation among Japanese carriers, All Nippon Airways argued that it should receive more international slots than Japan Airlines due to JAL's recent government-supported bankruptcy restructuring, and ultimately won 11 daily slots to JAL's five.[36] Nine more daytime slot pairs were allocated for service to the United States in February 2016. They were intended to be allocated along with the other daytime slots, but allocation talks were stalled in 2014, leading the Japanese government to release these slots for charter services to other countries meanwhile.[39] The new daytime slots led to increased flight capacity between Tokyo and many Asian markets, but did not have a major effect on capacity between Japan and Europe, as several carriers simply transferred flights from Narita to Haneda (most notably ANA and Lufthansa services to Germany, which almost entirely shifted to Haneda).[40] In an effort to combat this effect, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport gave non-binding guidance to airlines that any new route at Haneda should not lead to the discontinuation of a route at Narita, although it was possible for airlines to meet this requirement through cooperation with a code sharing partner (for instance, ANA moved its London flight to Haneda while maintaining a code share on Virgin Atlantic's Narita-London flight).[41]

An expansion of the new international terminal was completed at the end of March 2014. The expansion includes a new 8-gate pier to the northwest of the existing terminal, an expansion of the adjacent apron with four new aircraft parking spots, a hotel inside the international terminal, and expanded check-in, customs/immigration/quarantine and baggage claim areas.[42]

In addition to its international slot restrictions, Haneda remains subject to domestic slot restrictions; domestic slots are reallocated by MLIT every five years, and each slot is valued at 2–3 billion yen in annual income.[43]

Future expansion plans (since 2014)

Following Tokyo's winning bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics, the Japanese government plans to increase the combined slot capacity of Haneda and Narita, and to construct a new railway line linking from Haneda Airport to Tokyo Station in approximately 18 minutes.[44]

JR East has considered extending an existing freight line from Tamachi Station on the Yamanote Line to create a third rail link to the airport,[45] which may potentially be connected to the Ueno–Tokyo Line to offer a through connection to Ueno and points on the Utsunomiya Line and Takasaki Line.[46] Although there had been discussion of completing this extension prior to the 2020 Olympics, the plan was indefinitely shelved in 2015.[47]

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport is planning a new road tunnel between the domestic and international terminals in order to shorten minimum connecting times between the terminals from the current 60–80 minutes.[48]

Haneda suffers from airspace restrictions due to its position between Yokota Air Base to the west and Narita International Airport to the east. Due to these airfields' requirements and noise concerns, Haneda flights generally arrive and depart using circular routes over Tokyo Bay. A new arrival corridor over western Tokyo and a new departure corridor over Yokohama, Kawasaki and central Tokyo, which is limited to afternoon hours, was added on 29 March 2020.[49] Additional taxiways must be constructed in order for Haneda to handle more flights, and construction is expected to take around three years.[50]

Facilities

Haneda Airport has three passenger terminals. Terminal 1 and 2 are connected by an underground walkway. A free inter-terminal shuttle bus connects all terminals on the landside. Route A runs between Terminal 1 and 2 every four minutes and Route B runs oneway from Terminal 3, 2, 1, then back to Terminal 3 every four minutes.

Haneda Airport is open 24 hours, although Terminal 1 and the domestic flight areas of Terminal 2 are only open from 5:00 am to 12:00 am. Terminal hours may be extended to 24-hour operation due to StarFlyer's late-night and early-morning service between Haneda and Kitakyushu, which began in March 2006. Terminal 3 and the international flight area of Terminal 2 are open 24 hours a day.

All three passenger terminals are managed and operated by private companies. Terminal 1 and 2 are managed by Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd. (日本空港ビルディング株式会社, Nippon Kūkō Birudingu Kabushikigaisha), while Terminal 3 is managed by Tokyo International Air Terminal Corporation (東京国際空港ターミナル株式会社, Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō Tāminaru Kabushikigaisha). The critical facilities of the airport such as runways, taxiways and aprons are managed by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.[51] As of March 2013, Terminal 1 and 2 have 47 jetways altogether.[52]

A wide view of Haneda Airport's facilities and terminals. JAL and ANA cargo centers are on the far left. To the immediate right of the cargo centers is the Japan Meteorological Agency's Tokyo Airport Weather Observatory. To its right is the Tokyo International Airport Offices Building Two, and the tall white tower to its right is the airport's control tower. The Number Two Parking Area is to the right of the control tower, and Terminal 1 is to the right of the parking area. Terminal 2 is behind Terminal 1 and cannot be seen from this angle. To the right of Terminal 1 are JAL's maintenance centers, and on the far right of the photo are the international cargo facility and the international terminal.

Terminals

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 called "Big Bird" opened in 1993, replacing the smaller 1970 terminal complex. It is exclusively used for domestic flights within Japan and is served by Japan Airlines, Skymark Airlines, and StarFlyer’s routes.

The linear building features a six-story restaurant, shopping area and conference rooms in its center section and a large rooftop observation deck with open-air rooftop café. The terminal has gates 1 through 24 assigned for jet bridges and gates 31–40 and 84–90 assigned for ground boarding by bus.

  • Terminal 1
    Terminal 1
  • Departure lounge (South)
    Departure lounge (South)
  • Market Place
    Market Place
  • Concourse
    Concourse
  • Control Tower
    Control Tower

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 opened on December 1, 2004.[53] The construction of Terminal 2 was financed by levying a ¥170 (from 1 April 2011) passenger service facility charge on tickets, the first domestic Passenger Service Facilities Charge (PSFC) in Japan.

Terminal 2 is served by All Nippon Airways, Air Do, and Solaseed Air for their domestic flights. On March 29, 2020, some international flights operated by All Nippon Airways were relocated to Terminal 2 after the addition of international departure halls and CIQ facilities (Customs, Immigration, Quarantine) in preparation for 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. However, the international departures and check-in hall was closed indefinitely on April 11, 2020, less than two weeks since its opening, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[54]

The terminal features an open-air rooftop restaurant, a six-story shopping area with restaurants[55] and the 387-room Haneda Excel Hotel Tokyu. The terminal has gates 51 through 73 assigned with jet bridges (gates 51 to 65 for domestic flights, gates 66 to 70 for domestic or international flights, gates 71 to 73 for international flights),[56] gates 46–48 in satellite, and gates 500 through 511 (for domestic flights) and gates 700 through 702 (for international flights) assigned for ground boarding by bus.

  • Terminal 2
    Terminal 2
  • Departure lounge
    Departure lounge
  • Market Place
    Market Place
  • Observation deck
    Observation deck

Terminal 3

The most recent terminal out of the three

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Aeroflot Moscow–Sheremetyevo (suspended)[57][58]
AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International
Air Canada Toronto–Pearson
Air Do Asahikawa, Hakodate, Kushiro, Memanbetsu, Obihiro, Sapporo–Chitose
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle[59]
All Nippon Airways Akita, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Chicago–O'Hare, Delhi,[60] Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hakodate, Hiroshima, Ho Chi Minh City,[60] Hong Kong, Honolulu, Houston–Intercontinental,[61] Ishigaki, Istanbul,[60] Iwakuni, Iwami, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kagoshima, Kobe, Kōchi-Ryoma, Komatsu, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kumamoto, Kushiro, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Matsuyama, Manila, Milan–Malpensa, Miyako, Miyazaki, Moscow–Domodedovo (suspended),[62] Nagasaki, Naha, Nakashibetsu, New York–JFK, Odate–Noshiro, Ōita, Okayama, Osaka–Itami, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Qingdao,[60] Saga, San Francisco,[63] Sapporo–Chitose, Seattle/Tacoma (resumes 26 March 2023),[60] Seoul–Gimpo, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shonai, Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda, Sydney, Taipei–Songshan, Takamatsu, Tokushima, Tottori, Toyama, Ube, Vancouver (resumes 26 March 2023), Wajima, Washington–Dulles,[61] Yonago
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth (resumes 26 March 2023),[64] Los Angeles
ANA Wings[65] Akita, Fukuoka, Hachijojima, Iwakuni, Kobe, Kōchi-Ryoma, Komatsu, Kushiro, Monbetsu, Nagoya–Centrair, Nakashibetsu, Odate–Noshiro, Ōita, Okayama, Osaka–Itami, Saga, Sapporo–Chitose, Shonai, Takamatsu, Tokushima, Tottori, Toyama, Wajima, Wakkanai, Yonago
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Gimpo[66]
British Airways London–Heathrow[67]
Cathay Pacific Hong Kong
China Airlines Taipei–Songshan
Delta Air Lines Atlanta,[68] Detroit, Honolulu (begins 9 March 2023),[69] Los Angeles,[70] Minneapolis/St. Paul (resumes 26 March 2023),[71] Portland (OR) (resumes 26 March 2023),[71] Seattle/Tacoma[72]
Emirates Dubai–International (resumes 26 March 2023)
EVA Air Taipei–Songshan
Finnair Helsinki[73]
Garuda Indonesia Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Hawaiian Airlines Honolulu,[74] Kailua–Kona (resumes 12 March 2023)
HK Express Hong Kong (resumes 5 December 2022)[75]
ITA Airways Rome–Fiumicino[76]
Japan Airlines Akita, Amami Ōshima, Aomori, Asahikawa, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Chicago–O'Hare,[77] Dalian,[78] Dallas/Fort Worth,[77] Delhi,[79] Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hakodate, Helsinki,[80] Hiroshima, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu,[77] Ishigaki, Izumo, Kagoshima, Kitakyūshū, Kōchi-Ryoma, Komatsu, Kumamoto, Kushiro, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles,[77] Manila, Matsuyama, Memanbetsu, Misawa, Miyako, Miyazaki, Moscow–Sheremetyevo (suspended), Nagasaki, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, New York–JFK, Obihiro, Ōita, Okayama, Osaka–Itami, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Gimpo, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Shirahama, Singapore, Sydney,[80] Taipei–Songshan, Takamatsu, Tokushima, Ube, Yamagata
Korean Air Seoul–Gimpo[81]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International[82]
Peach Seoul–Incheon, Taipei–Taoyuan
Philippine Airlines Manila
Qantas Brisbane (begins 1 December 2022),[83] Melbourne, Sydney[84]
S7 Airlines Vladivostok (suspended)[85]
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen (resumes 26 March 2023)[86]
Singapore Airlines Singapore
Skymark Airlines Fukuoka, Kagoshima, Kobe, Naha, Sapporo–Chitose, Shimojishima[87]
Solaseed Air Kagoshima, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, Nagasaki, Naha, Ōita
StarFlyer Fukuoka, Kitakyūshū, Osaka–Kansai, Ube
Thai Airways International Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Tigerair Taiwan Taipei–Taoyuan
Turkish Airlines Istanbul[88]
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Los Angeles,[89] Newark,[89] San Francisco, Washington–Dulles[89]
VietJet Air Da Nang
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
ANA Cargo Naha[90]

Statistics

Multiple Japan Airlines aircraft parked at Terminal 1

Source: Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism[91][92][93]

Busiest domestic routes (2018)

Rank Airport Passengers
1. Sapporo–Chitose 9,007,372
2. Fukuoka 8,647,386
3. Naha 5,919,365
4. Osaka–Itami 5,496,982
5. Kagoshima 2,506,276
6. Kumamoto 1,971,891
7. Hiroshima 1,878,286
8. Nagasaki 1,764,870
9. Matsuyama 1,563,870
10. Miyazaki 1,423,200
11. Osaka–Kansai 1,258,675
12. Takamatsu 1,252,568

Number of landings

50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
  •   Domestic
  •   International

Number of passengers

10,000,000
20,000,000
30,000,000
40,000,000
50,000,000
60,000,000
70,000,000
80,000,000
90,000,000
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
  •   Domestic
  •   International

Cargo volume (tonnes)

250,000
500,000
750,000
1,000,000
1,250,000
1,500,000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
  •   Domestic
  •   International

Ground transportation

Rapid transit

Tokyo monorail Terminal 3 Station
Keikyu Airport Line station

Haneda Airport is served by the Keikyu Airport Line and Tokyo Monorail. In addition, East Japan Railway Company has proposed building a new Haneda Airport Access Line connecting directly to central Tokyo by 2029.

The monorail has three dedicated stations at the Terminal 1, Terminal 2 and Terminal 3, while Keikyū operates a single station between the Terminals 1 and 2 (Terminal 1·2 Station) and a stop at the Terminal 3.

For both the monorail and Keikyu, the Terminal 3 Station was renamed from International Terminal Station in March 2020.[94] The Keikyu Domestic Terminal station was renamed to the Terminal 1·2 Station.

Keikyū offers trains to Shinagawa Station and Yokohama Station and through service to the Toei Asakusa Line, which makes several stops in eastern Tokyo. Some Keikyū trains also run through to the Keisei Oshiage Line and Keisei Main Line, making it possible to reach Narita International Airport by train. Airport Limited Express trains make the nonstop run from Haneda Airport to Shinagawa in 11 minutes.

Tokyo Monorail trains run between the airport and Hamamatsuchō Station, where passengers can connect to the Yamanote Line to reach other points in Tokyo, or Keihin Tohoku Line to Saitama, and have a second access option to Narita Airport via Narita Express or Sōbu Line (Rapid) Trains at Tokyo Station. Haneda Express trains make the non-stop run from Haneda Airport to Hamamatsuchō in approximately 18 to 19 minutes. Hamamatsuchō Station is also located adjacent to the Toei Ōedo Line Daimon station.

Road

The airport is bisected by the Shuto Expressway Bayshore Route and Japan National Route 357, while Shuto Expressway Route 1 and Tokyo Metropolitan Route 311 (Kampachi-dori Ave) runs on the western perimeter. Tamagawa Sky Bridge connects the airport with Japan National Route 409 and Shuto Expressway Route K6 to the southwest across Tama River.

The airport has five parkades with P1 and P2 parkades serving Terminal 1, P3 and P4 serving Terminal 2, and P5 serving Terminal 3.

Bus

Scheduled bus service to various points in the Kanto region is provided by Airport Transport Service (Airport Limousine) and Keihin Kyuko Bus. Tokyo City Air Terminal, Shinjuku Expressway Bus Terminal and Yokohama City Air Terminal are major limousine bus terminals.

Transfer to/from Narita Airport

Haneda Airport is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours from Narita Airport by rail or bus. Keisei runs direct suburban trains (called "Access Express") between Haneda and Narita in 93 minutes for ¥1800 as of February 2019.[95] There are also direct buses between the airports operated by Airport Limousine Bus. The journey takes 65–85 minutes or longer depending on traffic.[96]

Accidents and incidents

  • In the span of a month in 1966, three accidents occurred at, or on flights inbound to or outbound from, Haneda.
    • February 4, 1966: All Nippon Airways Flight 60, a Boeing 727-81, crashed into Tokyo Bay about 10.4 kilometres (6.5 mi) from Haneda in clear weather conditions while on an evening approach. All 133 passengers and crew were killed. The accident held the death toll record for a single-plane accident until 1969.
    • March 4, 1966: Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 402, a Douglas DC-8-43 registered CF-CPK, descended below the glide path and struck the approach lights and a seawall during a night landing attempt in poor visibility. The flight had departed Hong Kong Kai Tak Airport and had almost diverted to Taipei due to the poor weather at Haneda. Of the 62 passengers and 10 crew, only 8 passengers survived.
    • On March 5, 1966, less than 24 hours after the Canadian Pacific crash, BOAC Flight 911, a Boeing 707–436 registered G-APFE, broke up in flight en route from Haneda Airport to Hong Kong Kai Tak Airport, on a segment of an around-the-world flight. The bad weather that had caused the Canadian Pacific crash the day before also caused exceptionally strong winds around Mt. Fuji, and the BOAC jet encountered severe turbulence that caused the aircraft to break up in mid-air near the city of Gotemba, Shizuoka Prefecture at an altitude of 16,000 feet (4,900 m), killing all 113 passengers and 11 crew. The debris field was over 16 kilometres (10 mi) long. Although there was not a cockpit voice recorder on this aircraft or any distress calls made by the crew, the investigators did find an 8mm film shot by one of the passengers that, when developed, confirmed the accident was consistent with an in-flight breakup and loss of control due to severe turbulence. There is a famous photo of the BOAC plane taxiing past the still smouldering wreckage of the Canadian Pacific DC-8 as it taxied out to the runway for its last ever takeoff.
  • August 26, 1966: A Japan Air Lines Convair 880, leased from Japan Domestic Airlines on a training flight, crashed after takeoff when after the nose lifted off, the aircraft yawed to the left. At 1600m and after the plane went off the runway and all the engines separated as well as the nose and left main gear. The aircraft caught fire. All five occupants died. Cause of left yaw unknown.[97]
  • February 9, 1982: Japan Airlines Flight 350, a McDonnell Douglas DC-8-61, crashed on approach in shallow water 300 meters short of the runway when the captain, experiencing some form of a mental aberration, deliberately engaged the thrust-reversers for two of the four engines. Twenty-four passengers were killed.
  • August 12, 1985: Japan Airlines Flight 123, a Boeing 747SR, lost control and suffered rapid decompression 12 minutes after takeoff due to improper maintenance, leading to the aircraft having a fatal collision with Mount Takamagahara. Out of all 524 people on the flight, four only survived the crash. One of the casualties was famous Japanese singer Kyu Sakamoto. It is the deadliest single-aircraft accident in aviation history.
  • July 23, 1999: All Nippon Airways Flight 61 was hijacked shortly after takeoff. The hijacker killed the captain before he was subdued; the aircraft landed safely.
  • August 2021: After the Tokyo Olympics, Belarusian officials tried to force Belarusian athlete Krystsina Tsimanouskaya onto a Belarus-bound plane at Tokyo's airport. At the airport, airport police stopped the repatriation and took her to a safe area at the airport. She was able to fly to Poland after they gave her a humanitarian visa.[98]

References

  1. ^ "stats".
  2. ^ narita airport website
  3. ^ Narita Airport website
  4. ^ "Tokyo Haneda's new runway and terminal welcome more international services; almost 50 domestic routes served". anna.aero airline route news & analysis. 20 October 2010. Archived from the original on 7 November 2010. Retrieved 4 November 2010.
  5. ^ 羽田空港の国際線拡大、欧州・東南アジア便が就航. Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 30 March 2014. Archived from the original on 15 December 2018. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  6. ^ "Peach to offer Tokyo-Taipei service out of Haneda Airport". Nikkei. 16 January 2015. Archived from the original on 20 January 2015. Retrieved 19 January 2015. The [transport] ministry's strategy has been to steer budget carriers, used mainly for leisure travel, toward Narita Airport. Major airlines, used chiefly for business trips, are encouraged to fly out of Haneda.
  7. ^ "ACI reveals the world's busiest passenger and cargo airports". Airports Council International. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  8. ^ "The World's Best Airports in 2020 are announced". Skytrax. 2020-05-11. Archived from the original on 2020-05-22. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  9. ^ Cripps, Karla. "The world's best airports for 2020, according to Skytrax". CNN. Archived from the original on 2020-05-14. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  10. ^ "The World's Best Airports in 2020 are announced". Skytrax. 2021-08-05. Archived from the original on 2021-09-08. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  11. ^ Cripps, Karla. "The world's best airports for 2020, according to Skytrax". CNN. Archived from the original on 2020-05-14. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
  12. ^ 大田区ホームページ：大田区のプロフィール. www.city.ota.tokyo.jp (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2014-07-01. Retrieved 2017-03-15.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i Imoto, Keisuke. 羽田空港の歴史. Japan Science and Technology Agency. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  14. ^ "1938 JAT timetable". Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
  15. ^ 羽田空港の歴史 (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2007-09-15. Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  16. ^ 東京・夢の島、名前の由来は海水浴場 空港計画も. The Nikkei. 15 November 2013. Archived from the original on 16 November 2013. Retrieved 15 November 2013.
  17. ^ 喜多, 祐介 (13 August 2012). 羽田空港 米軍基地の記憶. NHK. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  18. ^ Susan H. Godson, Serving Proudly (Naval Institute Press).
  19. ^ "1947 – July 3 – Northwest Airlines Timetables, Route Maps and History". Airways News. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  20. ^ "Pan Am timetable, 1947". timetableimages.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  21. ^ a b 羽田空港の歴史 (in Japanese). 日本空港ビルデング株式会社. Archived from the original on 2009-05-19. Retrieved 2009-06-05.
  22. ^ エールフランス、日本就航60周年で飛行機予想図コンテスト 大賞はビジネス航空券 (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  23. ^ "All sizes – Narita 1966_0005 – Flickr – Photo Sharing!". Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  24. ^ 東京国際空港（羽田）沖合展開事業について (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Archived from the original on 2007-02-14. Retrieved 2007-03-14.
  25. ^ Japan, China to consider Tokyo-Shanghai shuttle flights Archived 2007-03-11 at the Wayback Machine, Kyodo, October 10, 2006.
  26. ^ Shuttle flights to connect Tokyo, Shanghai in October Archived 2007-06-28 at the Wayback Machine, Channel NewsAsia, 25 June 2007.
  27. ^ 国交省：羽田－北京間にチャーター便 北京五輪の８月に. Mainichi Shimbun (in Japanese). 2008-06-12. [permanent dead link‍]
  28. ^ "Boeing: Narita Airport Noise Regulations". Archived from the original on May 23, 2009.
  29. ^ "ANA to start Haneda-Hong Kong route in April Archived 2008-01-24 at the Wayback Machine," Daily Yomiuri Online
  30. ^ Japan Airport Rises on Plan to Buy Macquarie Shares, Bloomberg News, May 20, 2009.
  31. ^ a b c 羽田空港再拡張及び首都圏第３空港について (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Archived from the original on 2007-02-07. Retrieved 2007-03-14.
  32. ^ Nagata, Kazuaki, "Haneda new old kid on the block Archived 2010-10-23 at the Wayback Machine", Japan Times, 20 October 2010, p. 3.
  33. ^ Hnneda D-Runway Report (No. 5) To The Nex Stage Archived 2011-10-08 at the Wayback Machine, Haneda Airport Construction Office, MLIT, Japan, September 2009.
  34. ^ a b Japan to Double Haneda Airport Overseas Flight Slots, Bloomberg.net, May 20, 2008
  35. ^ International Haneda flights to double by '10 Archived 2009-09-15 at the Wayback Machine, The Japan Times, May 21, 2008.
  36. ^ a b "CAPA Profiles Japan awards international Tokyo Haneda Airport slots, but Narita Airport remains the main hub". CAPA. 9 October 2013. Archived from the original on 9 October 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
  37. ^ Mutzabaugh, Ben (18 October 2013). "AA to drop JFK-Haneda route, juggle Heathrow flights". USA Today. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
  38. ^ Fukada, Takahiro (7 January 2011). "Haneda's nighttime services falling short with travelers". The Japan Times. Retrieved 7 January 2011.
  39. ^ "Gov't to give slots to int'l charter flights at Haneda airport". Kyodo News. 7 January 2014. Archived from the original on 17 January 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
  40. ^ "Tokyo Haneda slot allocations fail to generate new flights as Europeans replace Narita operations". CAPA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  41. ^ Watanabe, Jun (3 October 2014). "Expanded Haneda slots creates problem for Narita, airlines". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  42. ^ 報道発表資料：東京国際空港国際線旅客ターミナル拡張について – 国土交通省 (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Archived from the original on 8 October 2014. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  43. ^ スカイマークに羽田36枠、国交省が発表. The Nikkei. 26 December 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
  44. ^ 羽田・成田発着を拡大、五輪へインフラ整備急ぐ. The Nikkei. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
  45. ^ 羽田―都心の新路線、ＪＲ東日本検討 五輪で利用増予想. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). 9 November 2013. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  46. ^ ＪＲ東、羽田新路線を北関東と直結 東北縦貫線との接続検討. SankeiBiz (in Japanese). 10 January 2014. Archived from the original on 10 January 2014. Retrieved 17 January 2014.
  47. ^ 東京五輪、羽田への鉄道新線はなし 国交省 既存路線で対応. Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 1 July 2015. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  48. ^ 羽田、国内・国際線をトンネル接続 乗り継ぎ改善. The Nikkei. 22 September 2013. Archived from the original on 23 September 2013. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
  49. ^ Ogawa, Kazuhiro (31 January 2020). "Haneda Airport tests higher plane routes to quell noise pollution". The Japan Times. Archived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  50. ^ 羽田発着枠拡大へ調査費計上 国交省、都心上空ルート設定で. Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 24 August 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  51. ^ Case Study on Commercialization, Privatization and Economic Oversight of Airports and Air Navigation Services Providers Archived 2014-08-11 at the Wayback Machine – Air Transport Bureau, Economic Analysis and Policy (EAP) Section, ICAO. 31 January 2012.
  52. ^ 東京国際空港（羽田）国内線第２旅客ターミナル増築工事（南ピア3スポット増設部） (PDF) (in Japanese). Haneda Airport. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-05-17. Retrieved 2014-08-10.
  53. ^ "Haneda Airport History | Enjoy Haneda Airport | Haneda Airport Domestic Terminal". www.tokyo-airport-bldg.co.jp. Archived from the original on 2018-04-23. Retrieved 2018-04-22.
  54. ^ "羽田空港 第２ターミナル国際線施設閉鎖へ 減便相次ぎ". NHK News Web. NHK. 2020-04-10. Archived from the original on 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-01-28.
  55. ^ "Tokyo International ["Haneda"] Airport terminal 2: Interactive Google Street View photo and map". Geographic.org/streetview. Archived from the original on 2016-05-08. Retrieved 2016-05-02.
  56. ^ "3F | T2 (Terminal 2) | Floor Guide | Haneda Airport Passenger Terminal". Haneda Airport Passenger Terminal.
  57. ^ Liu, Jim (29 November 2019). "Aeroflot resumes Tokyo Haneda service from late-March 2020". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 29 November 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  58. ^ Mpoke Bigg, Matthew; Chokshi, Niraj (March 5, 2022). "Aeroflot says it will suspend international flights". The New York Times. Moscow. Retrieved March 6, 2022.
  59. ^ Suspended Liu, Jim. "Air France July – October 2020 Intercontinetnal network as of 12JUL20". Airlineroute. Archived from the original on 15 July 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  60. ^ a b c d e "ANA to Elevate the Global Network by Adding 5 Cities to its International Service | Press Release | ANA Group Corp.'s Information". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2019-11-22.
  61. ^ a b Airoldi, Donna (August 30, 2022). "ANA to resume, expand select U.S. routes". Business Travel News. Secaucus: Northstar Travel Group. Retrieved August 30, 2022.
  62. ^ "JAL Group – PRESS RELEASES – Japan Airlines Announces Major International Network Expansion Plan at Tokyo's Metropolitan Airports in 2020". press.jal.co.jp. Archived from the original on 2019-12-29. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  63. ^ Liu, Jim. "ANA S20 International service changes as of 10FEB20". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2020.
  64. ^ Liu, Jim (20 November 2022). "American Airlines 1Q23 Tokyo Haneda Service Adjustment".
  65. ^ 運航路線 - ANAウイングス公式サイト
  66. ^ Liu, Jim (11 August 2022). "Asiana Airlines September 2022 Japan Operation Changes".
  67. ^ Joe Ellison (2022-08-26). "British Airways to restart Heathrow to Tokyo flights from November". The Points Guy UK. London: Red Ventures Europe. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
  68. ^ Liu, Jim. "Delta NS20 Inter-continental operations as of 05JUL20". Airlineroute. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  69. ^ "Delta Moves Honolulu - Tokyo service resumption to March 2023". AeroRoutes. 19 September 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  70. ^ Silk, Robert (August 16, 2022). "Delta is restarting LAX-Tokyo Haneda flights". Travel Weekly. Secaucus: Northstar Travel Group. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
  71. ^ a b Potter, Kyle (August 15, 2022). "Delta delays several nonstop Tokyo flights until Spring 2023". Thrifty Traveler. Retrieved September 8, 2022.
  72. ^ "Delta expands Tokyo Haneda service from late-March 2020". RoutesOnline. 8 September 2019. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. Retrieved 8 September 2019.
  73. ^ "Finnair continues to grow in Japan, with daily flights to Haneda Airport as of March 2020". finnair.com. 7 October 2019. Archived from the original on 31 December 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
  74. ^ Casey, David (30 May 2022). "Hawaiian Set To Increase Japan Connectivity". Routes. London: Informa Markets. Retrieved 30 May 2022.
  75. ^ "HK Express 4Q22 Japan Operations – 05OCT22". Aeroroutes. 6 October 2022.
  76. ^ "ITA Airways revises Tokyo service launch in Nov 2022". AeroRoutes. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
  77. ^ a b c d "Japan Airlines Adds Six Haneda Flights To The US". 19 November 2019. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  78. ^ Liu, Jim. "JAL S20 China service changes". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  79. ^ "JAL files additional S20 Tokyo Haneda International routes". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 2019-12-04. Retrieved 2019-12-04.
  80. ^ a b Liu, Jim (2019-12-04). "JAL files additional S20 Tokyo Haneda International routes". Routes Online. Archived from the original on 2019-12-04. Retrieved 2020-01-13.
  81. ^ Liu, Jim (11 August 2022). "Korean Air September 2022 Japan Operation Changes". Aeroroutes.
  82. ^ https://www.nst.com.my/business/2022/05/797766/malaysia-airlines-launches-direct-flights-kuala-lumpur-tokyo-haneda [bare URL]
  83. ^ "Qantas Resumes Brisbane – Tokyo Service From Dec 2022". 10 October 2022.
  84. ^ Ashton, Chris (21 April 2022). "Qantas delays restart of flights to Tokyo". Executive Traveller. Sydney: Business Travel Media.
  85. ^ Liu, Jim (6 December 2019). "S7 Airlines adds Vladivostok – Tokyo Haneda service in S20". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
  86. ^ "SAS resumes Tokyo Haneda service from late-March 2020". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 2019-12-10. Retrieved 2019-12-10.
  87. ^ Liu, Jim. "Skymark Airlines adds Shimojishima service from late-Oct 2020". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  88. ^ "Turkish Airlines adds Tokyo Haneda service in S20". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2019-10-17.
  89. ^ a b c "United plans largest transatlantic route expansion debuting in 2022". International Airport Review. Brasted: Russell Publishing. Archived from the original on 2021-10-27. Retrieved 2021-10-27.
  90. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-09-03. Retrieved 2019-09-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  91. ^ For 2006 to 2015: 暦年・年度別空港管理状況調書 [Yearly airport management statistics report] (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. 17 August 2016. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  92. ^ For 2003 to 2012: 暦年・年度別空港管理状況調書 (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
  93. ^ 航空輸送統計調査 速報（暦年）平成28年分 (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-12-15. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  94. ^ Buildings at Haneda Airport to Be Renamed in March 2020 Archived 2019-12-08 at the Wayback Machine – Japan Airport Terminal Co., Ltd, February 26, 2019
  95. ^ "How do I get to...? Haneda Airport". Keisei Electric Railway. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  96. ^ "Haneda-Narita timetable". Airport Limousine Bus. Archived from the original on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  97. ^ Accident description for JA8030 at the Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved on August 26, 2021.
  98. ^ "'We're just normal sports people': Belarusian sprinter Krystina Tsimanouskaya gets Polish visa as husband enters Ukraine". Sky News. London: Sky Group. 2021-08-03. Archived from the original on 2021-12-02. Retrieved 2021-12-31.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tokyo International Airport.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Tokyo Haneda Airport.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haneda_Airport&oldid=1124781609"