Demographics of the United States
Demographics of the United States | |
---|---|
![]() Population pyramid of the United States as of December 1, 2020 | |
Population | ![]() |
Density | 86.16/sq mi (33.27/km2) |
Growth rate | ![]() |
Birth rate | 10.9 births/1,000 population (2020)[2] |
Death rate | 10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2020)[2] |
Life expectancy | 77.3 years (2020)[3] |
• male | 74.2 years [4] |
• female | 79.9 years [5] |
Fertility rate | 1.638 children born/woman (2020)[6] |
Net migration rate | 3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2020)[2] |
Age structure | |
Under 18 years | 24.0% (2010)[7] |
18–44 years | 36.5% (2010)[7] |
45–64 years | 26.4% (2010)[7] |
65 and over | 13.0% (2010)[7] |
Language | |
Official | No official language at national level. English is designated official in 32 of 50 states (and the 5 U.S. territories). Hawaiian is official in Hawaii, 20 native languages are official in Alaska, and Sioux is official in South Dakota.[8] Samoan is an official language in American Samoa,[9] Chamorro is an official language in Guam,[10] Chamorro and Carolinian are official languages in the Northern Mariana Islands,[11] and Spanish is an official language in Puerto Rico.[12] |
Spoken |
|
Source: The World Factbook[2] |
The United States had an official resident population of 331,449,281 on April 1, 2020, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.[1] This figure includes the 50 states and the District of Columbia but excludes the population of five unincorporated U.S. territories (Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands) as well as several minor island possessions. The United States is the third most populous country in the world.[13] The Census Bureau showed a population increase of 0.8% for the twelve-month period ending in July 2012. Though high by industrialized country standards, this is below the world average annual rate of 1.1%.[14] The total fertility rate in the United States estimated for 2020 is 1.638 children per woman,[6] which is below the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.1.
The U.S. population almost quadrupled during the 20th century – at a growth rate of about 1.3% a year – from about 76 million in 1900 to 281 million in 2000.[15] It is estimated to have reached the 200 million mark in 1967, and the 300 million mark on October 17, 2006.[15][16] Foreign-born immigration caused the U.S. population to continue its rapid increase, with the foreign-born population doubling from almost 20 million in 1990 to over 45 million in 2015,[17] representing one-third of the population increase.[18] The U.S. population grew by 1.6 million from 2018 to 2019, with 38% of growth from immigration. [19] Population growth is fastest among minorities as a whole, and according to the Census Bureau's estimation for 2020, 50% of U.S. children under the age of 18 are members of ethnic minority groups.[20]
As of 2019, white people (including Hispanic whites) numbered 246,234,076 or 75% of the population and Non-Latino white make up 60% of the country's population.[21][22]
Latino Americans accounted for 48% of the national population growth of 2.9 million between July 1, 2005, and July 1, 2006.[23] Immigrants and their U.S.-born descendants are expected to provide most of the U.S. population gains in the decades ahead.[24]
The Census Bureau projects a U.S. population of 417 million in 2060, a 38% increase from 2007 (301.3 million),[25] and the United Nations estimates that the U.S. will be among the nine countries responsible for half the world's population growth by 2050,[26] with its population being 402 million by then (an increase of 32% from 2007).[27] In an official census report, it was reported that 54.4% of births in 2010 (2,150,926 out of 3,953,593) were to "non-Latino whites". This represents an increase of 0.3% compared to the previous year, which was 54.1%.[28]
Population
On April 1, 2020, the United States had an official population of 331,449,281.[32]
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook estimated as of 2018[update],[2] unless otherwise indicated.
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Note: Population estimate of United States excluding oversea armed forces. [33][34]
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Age and sex distribution
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Americans_under_the_age_of_18_by_county.png/550px-Americans_under_the_age_of_18_by_county.png)
age (years) | total (in thousands) | % of US pop. | males (in thousands) | females (in thousands) | % male | % female | male/female |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
< 15 | 60,774 | 18.7% | 31,072 | 29,703 | 51.1% | 48.9% | 1.05 |
15-17 | 13,018 | 4.0% | 6,656 | 6,363 | 51.1% | 48.9% | 1.05 |
18-20 | 11,851 | 3.7% | 5,931 | 5,920 | 50% | 50% | 1.00 |
21-44 | 103,469 | 31.9% | 51,658 | 51,811 | 49.9% | 50.1% | 1.00 |
45-64 | 82,455 | 25.4% | 39,789 | 42,666 | 48.3% | 51.7% | 0.93 |
65+ | 52,788 | 16.3% | 23,923 | 28,865 | 45.3% | 54.7% | 0.83 |
all | 324,356 | 100% | 159,028 | 165,328 | 49% | 51% | 0.96 |
*civilian household members, including armed forces off post or with their families on post
The median age of the total population is 38.3 years; the male median age is 37.1 years; the female median age is 39.5 years.
Birth rate
- 11.4 births/1,000 population (2019 est.) Country comparison to the world: 157th
Death rate
- 8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2019 est.) Country comparison to the world: 86th [36]
Total fertility rate
In 1800 the average U.S. woman had 7.04 children;[37] by the first decade of the 1900s, this number had already decreased to 3.56.[38] Since the early 1970s the birth rate has been below the replacement rate of 2.1 with 1.73 children per woman in 2018.[39]
The drop in the U.S. fertility rate from 2.08 per woman in 2007 to 1.76 in 2017 was mostly due to the declining birth rate of Hispanics, teenagers, and young women, although the birth rate for older women rose.[40]
- 1.638 children born/woman (2020)
Mother's mean age at first birth
- 27.0 years (2019 est.) [41]
Life expectancy
- Total population: 77.3 years for a child born in 2020, decreasing from 78.8 years in 2019.[3]
- Male: 74.5 years (2020), 76.3 years (2019)
- Female: 80.2 years (2020), 81.4 years (2019)
The average life expectancy in the United States has been on a decline since 2014. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cites three main reasons: a 72% increase in overdoses in the last decade (including a 30% increase in opioid overdoses from July 2016 to September 2017, but did not differentiate between accidental overdose with a legal prescription and overdose with opioids obtained illegally and/or combined with illegal drugs i.e., heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, etc.), a ten-year increase in liver disease (the rate for men age 25 to 34 increased by 8% per year; for women, by 11% per year), and a 33% increase in suicide rates since 1999.[42]
From 2019-2020, the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to approximately 74% of the decrease in life expectancy in the United States.[43]
Life Tables
Life Table of the United States, 2018[44] | ||||||
Females | Males | |||||
Age | Cohort | Life expectancy | Cohort | Life expectancy | ||
0 | 100,000 | 81.2 | 100,000 | 76.2 | ||
1 | 99,494 | 80.7 | 99,379 | 75.7 | ||
5 | 99,412 | 76.7 | 99,269 | 71.8 | ||
10 | 99,360 | 71.8 | 99,207 | 66.8 | ||
15 | 99,296 | 66.8 | 99,124 | 61.9 | ||
20 | 99,151 | 61.9 | 98,785 | 57.1 | ||
25 | 98,913 | 57.0 | 98,144 | 52.4 | ||
30 | 98,578 | 52.2 | 97,345 | 47.8 | ||
35 | 98,122 | 47.5 | 96,425 | 43.3 | ||
40 | 97,527 | 42.7 | 95,335 | 38.7 | ||
45 | 96,747 | 38.1 | 94,037 | 34.2 | ||
50 | 95,606 | 33.5 | 92,225 | 29.9 | ||
55 | 93,872 | 29.0 | 89,528 | 25.7 | ||
60 | 91,298 | 24.8 | 85,497 | 21.8 | ||
65 | 87,747 | 20.7 | 79,949 | 18.1 | ||
70 | 82,867 | 16.8 | 72,825 | 14.6 | ||
75 | 75,660 | 13.1 | 63,633 | 11.3 | ||
80 | 65,003 | 9.8 | 51,305 | 8.4 | ||
85 | 49,763 | 7.0 | 35,806 | 6.0 | ||
90 | 30,654 | 4.8 | 18,995 | 4.1 | ||
95 | 12,591 | 3.2 | 6,219 | 2.8 | ||
100 | 2,727 | 2.2 | 1,003 | 2.0 |
Density
The most densely populated state is New Jersey (1,121/mi2 or 433/km2).
The population is highly urbanized, with 82.3% of the population residing in cities and suburbs.[2] Large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the United States (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states; mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prairie states are less densely populated; Alaska's population is concentrated along its southern coast – with particular emphasis on the city of Anchorage – and Hawaii's is centered on the island of Oahu.[2] California and Texas are the most populous states, as the mean center of U.S. population has consistently shifted westward and southward.[45][46] New York City is the most populous city in the United States[47] and has been since at least 1790.
In the U.S. territories, population centers include the San Juan metro area in Puerto Rico,[48] Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands,[49] and the island of Tutuila in American Samoa.[50]
Growth
- Population growth rate: 0.8%. Country comparison to the world: 130th
Births and fertility by race
U.S.-born people
Note: Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. Also note that growth arrows indicate an increase or decrease in the number of births, not in the fertility rate.[51][52][53][54]
Race of mother | Number of births in 2014 |
% of all born |
TFR (2014) |
Number of births in 2015 |
% of all born |
TFR (2015) |
Number of births in 2016 |
% of all born |
TFR (2016) |
Number of births in 2017 |
% of all born |
TFR (2017) |
Number of births in 2018 |
% of all born |
TFR (2018) |
![]() ![]() |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White | 75.7% | 1.876 | 75.7% | 1.864 | 2,900,933 | 73.5% | 1.77 | 2,812,267 | 72.9% | 1.76 | 2,788,439 | 73.5% | 1.75 | |||
> Non-Hispanic whites | 53.9% | 1.763 | 53.5% | 1.746 | 52.1% | 1.719 | 51.7% | 1.666 | 51.6% | 1.640 | ![]() | |||||
Black | 16.1% | 1.872 | 16.1% | 1.853 | 623,886 | 15.8% | 1.90 | 626,027 | 16.2% | 1.92 | 600,933 | 15.8% | 1.87 | |||
> Non-Hispanic Blacks | 14.8% | 1.874 | 14.8% | 1.857 | 14.2% | 1.832 | 14.5% | 1.824 | 14.6% | 1.792 | ![]() | |||||
Asian (incl. Pacific islander until 2015) | 7.1% | 1.715 | 7.1% | 1.646 | 6.5% | 1.690 | 6.5% | 1.597 | 6.4% | 1.525 | ![]() | |||||
American Indian and Alaska native | 1.1% | 1.289 | 1.1% | 1.263 | 0.8% | 1.794 | 0.8% | 1.702 | 0.8% | 1.651 | ![]() | |||||
Hawaiian (incl. other Pacific Islander) | 0.2% | 2.076 | 0.2% | 2.085 | 0.3% | 2.106 | ![]() | |||||||||
Total | 100% | 1.862 | 100% | 1.843 | 100% | 1.820 | 100% | 1.765 | 100% | 1.729 | ![]() |
NOTE:
- TFR = Total fertility rate (number of children born per woman).
- Growth arrows (
/
) indicate an increase or decrease in the number of births, not in the fertility rate, comparing to the previous year.
Ethnicity of mother | Number of births in 2014 |
TFR (2014) |
Number of births in 2015 |
TFR (2015) |
Number of births in 2016 |
TFR (2016) |
Number of births in 2017 |
TFR (2017) |
Number of births in 2018 |
TFR (2018) |
![]() ![]() |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Hispanic (of any race) | 1.793 | 1.770 | ![]() | ||||||||
Hispanic (of any race) | 2.131 | 2.124 | 2.093 | 2.007 | 1.959 | ![]() |
Race | 2008 | 2011 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|
White | 2.29 | 2.01 | 1.94 |
Black | 2.51 | 2.57 | 2.35 |
Asian | 2.25 | 2.02 | 1.93 |
Other | 1.80 | 2.04 | 2.06 |
Hispanic (of any race) | 3.15 | 2.77 | 2.46 |
Total | 2.75 | 2.45 | 2.22 |
Immigration
In 2017, out of the U.S. foreign-born population, some 45% (20.7 million) were naturalized citizens, 27% (12.3 million) were lawful permanent residents (including many eligible to become citizens), 6% (2.2 million) were temporary lawful residents, and 23% (10.5 million) were unauthorized immigrants.[56] Among current living immigrants to the U.S., the top five countries of birth are Mexico (25% of immigrants), China (6%), India (6%), the Philippines (5%) and El Salvador (3%). Some 13% of current living immigrants come from Europe and Canada, and 10% from the Caribbean.[56] Among new arrivals, Asian immigrants have been more numerous than Hispanic immigrants since 2010; in 2017, 37.4% of immigrant arrivals were Asian, and 26.6% were Hispanic.[56] Until 2017 and 2018, the United States led the world in refugee resettlement for decades, admitting more refugees than the rest of the world combined.[57] From fiscal year 1980 until 2017, 55% of refugees came from Asia, 27% from Europe, 13% from Africa, and 4% from Latin America, fleeing war and persecution.[57]
- Net migration rate: 3.8 migrants/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 35th [citation needed]
- Net migration rate: 3.9 migrants/1,000 population (2017 est.) [citation needed]
As of 2017, 13.6% (44.4 million) of the population was foreign born – an increase from 4.7% in 1970 but less than the 1890 record of 14.8%. 45% of the foreign born population were naturalized US citizens. 23% (10.3 million) of the foreign born community is undocumented, accounting for 3.2% of the total population.[58] According to the 2010 census, Latin America and the Caribbean is the largest region-of-birth group, accounting for 53% of the foreign born population. As of 2018 this region is still the largest source of immigrants to the United States[59][60][61] In 2018, there were almost 90 million immigrants and U.S. born children of immigrants (second-generation Americans) in the United States, accounting for 28% of the overall U.S. population.[62] In 2018, 1,096,611 immigrants were granted either permanent or temporary legal residence in the United States[63]
Country | 2018 |
---|---|
Mexico | 160,132 |
Cuba | 75,159 |
China | 61,848 |
Dominican Republic | 57,286 |
India | 56,761 |
Philippines | 44,776 |
Vietnam | 33,236 |
El Salvador | 22,884 |
Haiti | 21,091 |
Jamaica | 19,986 |
Region | 2018 |
---|---|
Asia | 383,145 |
Americas | 489,291 |
Africa | 112,745 |
Europe | 85,486 |
Oceania | 5,422 |
Not Specified | 20,522 |
Total | 1,096,611 |
Class of Admission (Adjustments of Status and New Arrivals) | 2018 |
---|---|
Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens | 478,961 |
Family-sponsored preferences | 216,563 |
Employment-based preferences | 138,171 |
Diversity | 45,350 |
Refugees | 155,734 |
Asylees | 30,175 |
Parolees | 14 |
Children born abroad to alien residents | 69 |
Certain Iraqis and Afghans employed by U.S. Government and their spouses and children | 10,297 |
Cancellation of removal | 4,421 |
Victims of human trafficking | 1,208 |
Victims of crimes and their spouses and children | 15,012 |
Other | 636 |
Vital statistics
U.S. demographic table, 1935–2020
Average population[65][33][34] | Live births[66] | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1,000) | Crude death rate (per 1,000)[67] | Natural change (per 1,000) | Crude migration change (per 1000) | Crude population change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate[fn 1][68] | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1935 | 127,250,000 | 2,377,000 | 1,392,752 | 984,248 | 18.7 | 10.9 | 7.7 | 2.19 | ||
1936 | 128,053,000 | 2,355,000 | 1,479,228 | 875,772 | 18.4 | 11.5 | 6.8 | -0.5 | 6.3 | 2.15 |
1937 | 128,825,000 | 2,413,000 | 1,450,427 | 962,573 | 18.7 | 11.2 | 7.5 | -1.5 | 6.0 | 2.17 |
1938 | 129,825,000 | 2,496,000 | 1,381,391 | 1,114,609 | 19.2 | 10.6 | 8.6 | -0.9 | 7.7 | 2.22 |
1939 | 130,880,000 | 2,466,000 | 1,387,897 | 1,078,103 | 18.8 | 10.6 | 8.2 | -0.1 | 8.1 | 2.17 |
1940 | 131,930,000 | 2,559,000 | 1,417,269 | 1,142,000 | 19.4 | 10.8 | 8.7 | -0.7 | 8 | 2.301 |
1941 | 133,058,000 | 2,703,000 | 1,397,642 | 1,305,358 | 20.3 | 10.5 | 9.8 | -1.3 | 8.5 | 2.399 |
1942 | 133,752,000 | 2,989,000 | 1,385,187 | 1,603,813 | 22.2 | 10.3 | 12 | -6.8 | 5.2 | 2.628 |
1943 | 133,971,000 | 3,104,000 | 1,459,544 | 1,644,306 | 22.8 | 10.7 | 12.3 | -10.7 | 1.6 | 2.718 |
1944 | 132,622,000 | 2,939,000 | 1,411,338 | 1,644,456 | 21.2 | 10.2 | 12.4 | -22.6 | -10.2 | 2.568 |
1945 | 132,137,000 | 2,858,000 | 1,401,719 | 1,456,281 | 20.4 | 11 | 11 | -14.7 | -3.7 | 2.491 |
1946 | 139,893,000 | 3,411,000 | 1,395,617 | 2,015,383 | 24.1 | 10.0 | 14.4 | 41 | 55.4 | 2.943 |
1947 | 143,375,000 | 3,817,000 | 1,445,370 | 2,371,630 | 26.6 | 10.0 | 16.5 | 7.8 | 24.3 | 3.274 |
1948 | 146,045,000 | 3,637,000 | 1,444,337 | 2,192,663 | 24.9 | 9.8 | 15 | 3.3 | 18.3 | 3.109 |
1949 | 148,558,000 | 3,649,000 | 1,443,607 | 2,205,393 | 24.5 | 9.7 | 14.8 | 2.1 | 16.9 | 3.110 |
1950 | 151,240,000 | 3,632,000 | 1,452,454 | 2,180,000 | 24.1 | 9.6 | 14.4 | 3.3 | 17.7 | 3.091 |
1951 | 153,384,000 | 3,823,000 | 1,482,099 | 2,340,901 | 24.8 | 9.6 | 15.3 | -1.3 | 14 | 3.269 |
1952 | 155,761,000 | 3,913,000 | 1,496,838 | 2,416,162 | 25.0 | 9.6 | 15.5 | -0.2 | 15.3 | 3.358 |
1953 | 158,313,000 | 3,965,000 | 1,447,459 | 2,517,541 | 25.2 | 9.1 | 15.9 | 0.2 | 16.1 | 3.424 |
1954 | 161,191,000 | 4,078,000 | 1,481,091 | 2,596,909 | 24.8 | 9.3 | 16.1 | 1.8 | 17.9 | 3.543 |
1955 | 164,302,000 | 4,097,000 | 1,528,717 | 2,568,283 | 25.0 | 9.3 | 15.6 | 3.3 | 18.9 | 3.580 |
1956 | 167,261,000 | 4,218,000 | 1,564,476 | 2,653,524 | 25.1 | 9.3 | 15.9 | 1.8 | 17.7 | 3.689 |
1957 | 170,295,000 | 4,308,000 | 1,633,128 | 2,666,872 | 25.3 | 9.5 | 15.7 | 2.1 | 17.8 | 3.767 |
1958 | 173,239,000 | 4,255,000 | 1,647,886 | 2,607,114 | 24.4 | 9.5 | 15 | 2 | 17 | 3.701 |
1959 | 176,511,000 | 4,244,796 | 1,656,814 | 2,587,982 | 24.0 | 9.4 | 14.7 | 3.8 | 18.5 | 3.670 |
1960 | 179,977,000 | 4,257,850 | 1,711,982 | 2,545,868 | 23.7 | 9.5 | 14.1 | 5.2 | 19.3 | 3.654 |
1961 | 182,953,000 | 4,268,326 | 1,701,522 | 2,566,804 | 23.3 | 9.3 | 14.0 | 2.3 | 16.3 | 3.629 |
1962 | 185,771,000 | 4,167,362 | 1,756,720 | 2,410,642 | 22.4 | 9.5 | 13 | 2.2 | 15.2 | 3.474 |
1963 | 188,483,000 | 4,098,020 | 1,813,549 | 2,284,471 | 21.7 | 9.6 | 12.1 | 2.3 | 14.4 | 3.333 |
1964 | 191,141,000 | 4,027,490 | 1,798,051 | 2,229,439 | 21.1 | 9.4 | 11.7 | 2.2 | 13.9 | 3.208 |
1965 | 193,526,000 | 3,760,358 | 1,828,136 | 1,932,222 | 19.4 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 2.3 | 12.3 | 2.928 |
1966 | 195,576,000 | 3,606,274 | 1,863,149 | 1,743,125 | 18.4 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 1.6 | 10.5 | 2.736 |
1967 | 197,457,000 | 3,520,959 | 1,851,323 | 1,669,636 | 17.8 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 1.1 | 9.5 | 2.578 |
1968 | 199,399,000 | 3,501,564 | 1,930,082 | 1,571,482 | 17.6 | 9.7 | 7.9 | 1.9 | 9.7 | 2.477 |
1969 | 201,385,000 | 3,600,206 | 1,921,990 | 1,678,216 | 17.9 | 9.5 | 8.4 | 1.5 | 9.9 | 2.465 |
1970 | 203,984,000 | 3,731,386 | 1,921,031 | 1,810,355 | 18.4 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 3.9 | 12.7 | 2.480 |
1971 | 206,827,000 | 3,555,970 | 1,927,542 | 1,628,428 | 17.2 | 9.3 | 7.9 | 5.9 | 13.7 | 2.266 |
1972 | 209,284,000 | 3,258,411 | 1,963,944 | 1,294,467 | 15.6 | 9.4 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 11.7 | 2.010 |
1973 | 211,357,000 | 3,136,965 | 1,973,003 | 1,163,962 | 14.8 | 9.5 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 9.8 | 1.879 |
1974 | 213,342,000 | 3,159,958 | 1,934,388 | 1,225,570 | 14.8 | 9.1 | 5.7 | 3.6 | 9.3 | 1.835 |
1975 | 215,465,000 | 3,144,198 | 1,892,879 | 1,251,319 | 14.6 | 8.8 | 5.8 | 4 | 9.9 | 1.774 |
1976 | 217,563,000 | 3,167,788 | 1,909,440 | 1,258,348 | 14.6 | 8.8 | 5.8 | 3.9 | 9.6 | 1.738 |
1977 | 219,760,000 | 3,326,632 | 1,899,597 | 1,427,035 | 15.1 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 10 | 1.789 |
1978 | 222,095,000 | 3,333,279 | 1,927,788 | 1,405,491 | 15.0 | 8.7 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 10.5 | 1.760 |
1979 | 224,567,000 | 3,494,398 | 1,913,841 | 1,580,557 | 15.6 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 4 | 11 | 1.808 |
1980 | 227,225,000 | 3,612,258 | 1,989,841 | 1,622,417 | 15.9 | 8.8 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 11.7 | 1.839 |
1981 | 229,466,000 | 3,629,238 | 1,977,981 | 1,651,257 | 15.8 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 2.6 | 9.8 | 1.812 |
1982 | 231,664,000 | 3,680,537 | 1,974,797 | 1,705,740 | 15.9 | 8.5 | 7.4 | 2.1 | 9.5 | 1.827 |
1983 | 233,792,000 | 3,638,933 | 2,019,201 | 1,619,732 | 15.6 | 8.6 | 6.9 | 2.2 | 9.1 | 1.799 |
1984 | 235,825,000 | 3,669,141 | 2,039,369 | 1,629,772 | 15.6 | 8.6 | 6.9 | 1.7 | 8.6 | 1.806 |
1985 | 237,924,000 | 3,760,561 | 2,086,440 | 1,674,121 | 15.8 | 8.8 | 7.0 | 1.8 | 8.8 | 1.844 |
1986 | 240,133,000 | 3,756,547 | 2,105,361 | 1,651,186 | 15.6 | 8.8 | 6.9 | 2.3 | 9.2 | 1.837 |
1987 | 242,289,000 | 3,809,394 | 2,123,323 | 1,686,071 | 15.7 | 8.8 | 7.0 | 1.9 | 8.9 | 1.872 |
1988 | 244,499,000 | 3,909,510 | 2,167,999 | 1,741,511 | 16.0 | 8.9 | 7.1 | 1.9 | 9 | 1.934 |
1989 | 246,819,000 | 4,040,958 | 2,150,466 | 1,890,492 | 16.4 | 8.7 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 9.4 | 2.014 |
1990 | 249,623,000 | 4,158,212 | 2,148,463 | 2,009,749 | 16.7 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 3.2 | 11.2 | 2.081 |
1991 | 252,981,000 | 4,110,907 | 2,169,518 | 1,941,389 | 16.2 | 8.6 | 7.7 | 5.6 | 13.3 | 2.062 |
1992 | 256,514,000 | 4,065,014 | 2,175,613 | 1,889,401 | 15.8 | 8.5 | 7.4 | 6.4 | 13.8 | 2.046 |
1993 | 259,919,000 | 4,000,240 | 2,268,553 | 1,731,687 | 15.4 | 8.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 13.1 | 2.019 |
1994 | 263,126,000 | 3,952,767 | 2,278,994 | 1,673,773 | 15.0 | 8.7 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 12.2 | 2.001 |
1995 | 266,278,000 | 3,899,589 | 2,312,132 | 1,587,457 | 14.6 | 8.7 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 11.8 | 1.978 |
1996 | 269,394,000 | 3,891,494 | 2,314,690 | 1,576,804 | 14.4 | 8.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 11.6 | 1.976 |
1997 | 272,647,000 | 3,880,894 | 2,314,245 | 1,566,649 | 14.2 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 11.9 | 1.971 |
1998 | 275,854,000 | 3,941,553 | 2,337,256 | 1,604,297 | 14.3 | 8.5 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 12.2 | 1.999 |
1999 | 279,040,000 | 3,959,417 | 2,391,399 | 1,568,018 | 14.2 | 8.6 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 11.4 | 2.007 |
2000 | 282,172,000 | 4,058,814 | 2,403,351 | 1,655,463 | 14.4 | 8.5 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 11.1 | 2.056 |
2001 | 285,082,000 | 4,025,933 | 2,416,425 | 1,609,508 | 14.1 | 8.5 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 10.2 | 2.030 |
2002 | 287,804,000 | 4,021,726 | 2,443,387 | 1,578,339 | 14.0 | 8.5 | 5.5 | 4 | 9.5 | 2.020 |
2003 | 290,326,000 | 4,089,950 | 2,448,288 | 1,641,662 | 14.1 | 8.4 | 5.6 | 3 | 8.7 | 2.047 |
2004 | 293,046,000 | 4,112,052 | 2,397,615 | 1,714,437 | 14.0 | 8.2 | 5.9 | 3.4 | 9.3 | 2.051 |
2005 | 295,753,000 | 4,138,349 | 2,448,017 | 1,690,332 | 14.0 | 8.3 | 5.7 | 3.4 | 9.2 | 2.057 |
2006 | 298,593,000 | 4,265,555 | 2,426,264 | 1,839,291 | 14.3 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 3.4 | 9.5 | 2.108 |
2007 | 301,580,000 | 4,316,234 | 2,423,712 | 1,892,522 | 14.3 | 8.0 | 6.3 | 3.6 | 9.9 | 2.120 |
2008 | 304,375,000 | 4,247,694 | 2,471,984 | 1,775,710 | 14.0 | 8.1 | 5.9 | 3.3 | 9.2 | 2.072 |
2009 | 307,007,000 | 4,130,665 | 2,437,163 | 1,693,502 | 13.5 | 7.9 | 5.6 | 3.1 | 8.6 | 2.002 |
2010 | 309,330,000 | 3,999,386 | 2,468,435 | 1,530,951 | 13.0 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 2.6 | 7.5 | 1.931 |
2011 | 311,583,000 | 3,953,590 | 2,515,458 | 1,438,412 | 12.7 | 8.1 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 7.2 | 1.894 |
2012 | 313,874,000 | 3,952,841 | 2,543,279 | 1,409,562 | 12.6 | 8.1 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 7.3 | 1.880 |
2013 | 316,129,000 | 3,932,181 | 2,596,993 | 1,336,183 | 12.4 | 8.2 | 4.2 | 2.9 | 7.1 | 1.857 |
2014 | 319,113,000 | 3,988,076 | 2,626,418 | 1,361,658 | 12.5 | 8.2 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 9.4 | 1.862 |
2015 | 321,442,000 | 3,978,497 | 2,712,630 | 1,265,867 | 12.4 | 8.4 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 7.2 | 1.843 |
2016 | 323,100,000 | 3,945,875 | 2,744,248 | 1,201,627 | 12.2 | 8.5 | 3.7 | 1.4 | 5.1 | 1.820 |
2017[69][70] | 325,719,000 | 3,855,500 | 2,813,503 | 1,041,997 | 11.8 | 8.7 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 8 | 1.765 |
2018[71][72] | 326,687,000 | 3,791,712 | 2,839,205 | 952,507 | 11.6 | 8.7 | 2.9 | 0 | 3 | 1.729 |
2019 | 328,240,000 | 3,747,540 | 2,854,858 | 892,682 | 11.4 | 8.7 | 2.7 | 2 | 4.7 | 1.706 |
2020[73][74] | 331,449,000 | 3,613,647 | 3,383,729 | 221,472 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 0.7 | 9 | 9.7 | 1.638 |
Current vital statistics
Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
---|---|---|---|
January - June 2020 | 1,783,000 | 1,629,000 | +154,000 |
January - June 2021 | 1,749,000 | 1,677,000 | +72,000 |
Difference | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
U.S. projected population table, 2017–2060
The United States Census Bureau's 2017 projections were produced using the cohort-component method. In the cohort-component method, the components of population change (fertility, mortality, and net migration) are projected separately for each birth cohort (persons born in a given year). The base population is advanced each year by using projected survival rates and net international migration. Each year, a new birth cohort is added to the population by applying the projected fertility rates to the female population.
Year | Population |
---|---|
2017 | 325,511 |
2018 | 327,892 |
2019 | 330,269 |
2020 | 332,639 |
2021 | 334,998 |
2022 | 337,342 |
2023 | 339,665 |
2024 | 341,963 |
2025 | 344,234 |
2026 | 346,481 |
2027 | 348,695 |
2028 | 350,872 |
2029 | 353,008 |
2030 | 355,101 |
2031 | 357,147 |
2032 | 359,147 |
2033 | 361,099 |
2034 | 363,003 |
2035 | 364,862 |
2036 | 366,676 |
2037 | 368,448 |
2038 | 370,179 |
2039 | 371,871 |
2040 | 373,528 |
2041 | 375,152 |
2042 | 376,746 |
2043 | 378,314 |
2044 | 379,861 |
2045 | 381,390 |
2046 | 382,907 |
2047 | 384,415 |
2048 | 385,918 |
2049 | 387,419 |
2050 | 388,922 |
2051 | 390,431 |
2052 | 391,947 |
2053 | 393,473 |
2054 | 395,009 |
2055 | 396,557 |
2056 | 398,118 |
2057 | 399,691 |
2058 | 401,277 |
2059 | 402,874 |
2060 | 404,483 |
Since 2011
The US Census Bureau has a U.S. and World Population Clock with a "Select a Date" feature.[13] "U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. and World Population Clock, AKA popclock".
Year | Population |
---|---|
2011 | 311,583,481 |
2012 | 313,877,662 |
2013 | 316,059,947 |
2014 | 318,386,329 |
2015 | 320,738,994 |
2016 | 323,071,755 |
2017 | 325,122,128 |
2018 | 326,838,199 |
2019 | 328,329,953 |
2020 | 329,484,123 |
2021 | 332,475,723 |
Since 1790
![]() | This section needs to be updated. The reason given is: Update once 2021 Estimate Available.(April 2021) |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1790 | 3,929,214 | — | |
1800 | 5,236,631 | 33.3% | |
1810 | 7,239,881 | 38.3% | |
1820 | 9,638,453 | 33.1% | |
1830 | 12,866,020 | 33.5% | |
1840 | 17,069,453 | 32.7% | |
1850 | 23,191,876 | 35.9% | |
1860 | 31,443,321 | 35.6% | |
1870 | 38,558,371 | 22.6% | |
1880 | 49,371,340 | 28.0% | |
1890 | 62,979,766 | 27.6% | |
1900 | 76,212,168 | 21.0% | |
1910 | 92,228,531 | 21.0% | |
1920 | 106,021,568 | 15.0% | |
1930 | 123,202,660 | 16.2% | |
1940 | 132,165,129 | 7.3% | |
1950 | 151,325,798 | 14.5% | |
1960 | 179,323,175 | 18.5% | |
1970 | 203,211,926 | 13.3% | |
1980 | 226,545,805 | 11.5% | |
1990 | 248,709,873 | 9.8% | |
2000 | 281,421,906 | 13.2% | |
2010 | 308,745,538 | 9.7% | |
2020 | 331,449,281 | 7.4% | |
Sources: United States Census Bureau[77][78][79][80] 2020 data (as of population clock)[13] Note that the census numbers do not include American natives before 1860. |
In 1900, when the U.S. population was 76 million, there were 66.8 million White Americans in the United States, representing 88% of the total population,[81] 8.8 million Black Americans, with about 90% of them still living in Southern states,[82] and slightly more than 500,000 Hispanics.[83]
Under the law, the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965,[84] the number of first-generation immigrants living in the United States has increased,[85] from 9.6 million in 1970 to about 38 million in 2007.[86] Around a million people legally immigrated to the United States per year in the 1990s, up from 250,000 per year in the 1950s.[87]
In 1900, non-Hispanic whites comprised almost 97% of the population of the 10 largest U.S. cities.[88] The Census Bureau reported that minorities (including Hispanic whites) made up 50.4% of the children born in the U.S. between July 2010 and July 2011,[89] compared to 37% in 1990.[90]
In 2014, the state with the lowest fertility rate was Rhode Island, with a rate of 1.56, while Utah had the greatest rate with a rate of 2.33.[51] This correlates with the ages of the states' populations: Rhode Island has the ninth-oldest median age in the US – 39.2 – while Utah has the youngest – 29.0.[91]
In 2017, the U.S. birth rate remains well below the replacement level needed – at least 2.1 children per woman so as not to experience population decreases – as white American births fell in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Among non-Hispanic white women, no states had a fertility rate above the replacement level. Among non-Hispanic Black women, 12 states reached above the replacement level needed. Among Hispanic women, 29 states did.[92] For non-Hispanic white women, the highest total fertility rate was in Utah, at 2.099, and the lowest in the District of Columbia, at 1.012. Among non-Hispanic Black women, the highest total fertility rate was in Maine, at 4.003, and the lowest in Wyoming, at 1.146. For Hispanic women, the highest total fertility rate was in Alabama, at 3.085, and the lowest in Vermont, at 1.200, and Maine, at 1.281.[92][93] Due to the aging and low birth rates among white people, deaths now outnumber births among white people (non-Hispanic) in more than half the states in the country.[94]
In 2018, U.S. births fell to the lowest level in 32 years.[95]
Median age of the population
Median age of the U.S. population through history. Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of Census, United States Census Bureau and The World Factbook.[68][96]
Years | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median age of the total population | 16.7 | 17.2 | 17.8 | 18.9 | 19.4 | 20.2 | 20.9 | 22.0 | 22.9 |
Median age of males | 16.6 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 19.2 | 19.8 | 20.2 | 21.2 | 22.3 | 23.3 |
Median age of females | 16.8 | 17.3 | 17.8 | 18.6 | 19.1 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 21.6 | 22.4 |
Years | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median age of the total population | 24.1 | 25.3 | 26.5 | 29.0 | 30.2 | 29.6 | 28.1 | 30.0 | 32.9 | 35.3 | 37.2 | 38.2 |
Median age of males | 24.6 | 25.8 | 26.7 | 29.1 | 29.9 | 28.7 | 26.8 | 28.8 | 31.7 | 34.0 | 35.8 | 36.9 |
Median age of females | 23.5 | 24.7 | 25.2 | 29.0 | 30.5 | 30.4 | 29.8 | 31.2 | 34.1 | 36.5 | 38.5 | 39.5 |
Vital statistics
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Percent_Population_change_by_state_from_2010_-_2020.svg/390px-Percent_Population_change_by_state_from_2010_-_2020.svg.png)
The U.S. total fertility rate as of 2018 is 1.728:
- 1.86 for white Americans (including White Hispanics)
- 1.64 for non-Hispanic whites
- 1.79 for non-Hispanic Blacks
- 1.65 for Native Americans (including Hispanics)
- 1.53 for Asian Americans (including Hispanics)
Other:[51]
- 1.96 for Hispanics (of all racial groups)
(Note that ≈95% of Hispanics are included as "white Hispanics" by CDC, which does not recognize the Census's "Some other race" category and counts people in that category as white.)
Source: National Vital statistics report based on 2010 US Census data[28]
Total Fertility Rates from 1800 to 2010
The total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman. Sources: Ansley J. Coale, Zelnik and National Center for Health Statistics.[97]
Years | 1800 | 1810 | 1820 | 1830 | 1840 | 1850 | 1860 | 1870 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900[97] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Fertility Rate in the United States | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.6 |
Years | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010[97] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total Fertility Rate in the United States | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.08 | 2.06 | 1.93 |
Life expectancy at birth from 1901 to 2015
Life expectancy in the United States from 1901 to 2015. Source: Our World In Data and the United Nations.
1901–1950
Years | 1901 | 1902 | 1903 | 1904 | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 | 1909 | 1910[98] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in the United States | 49.3 | 50.5 | 50.6 | 49.6 | 50.3 | 50.2 | 50.1 | 51.9 | 52.8 | 51.8 |
Years | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920[98] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in the United States | 53.4 | 54.1 | 53.5 | 54.6 | 55.1 | 54.2 | 54.0 | 47.0 | 55.3 | 55.4 |
Years | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929 | 1930[98] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in the United States | 58.2 | 58.1 | 57.5 | 58.5 | 58.5 | 57.9 | 59.4 | 58.3 | 58.5 | 59.6 |
Years | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939 | 1940[98] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in the United States | 60.3 | 61.0 | 60.9 | 60.2 | 60.9 | 60.4 | 61.1 | 62.4 | 63.1 | 63.2 |
Years | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949 | 1950[98] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Life expectancy in the United States | 63.8 | 64.6 | 64.3 | 65.1 | 65.6 | 66.3 | 66.7 | 67.3 | 67.6 | 68.1 |
1901–2015
Period | Life expectancy in Years |
---|---|
1901–1909 | 49.3 – 52.8 |
1910–1919 | 53.5 – 55.3 [99] |
1920–1929 | 55.4 – 59.4 |
1930–1939 | 60.2 – 63.1 |
1940–1949 | 63.8 – 67.6 |
1950–1955 | 68.7 |
1955–1960 | 69.7 |
1960–1965 | 70.1 |
1965–1970 | 70.4 |
1970–1975 | 71.4 |
1975–1980 | 73.3 |
1980–1985 | 74.4 |
1985–1990 | 74.9 |
1990–1995 | 75.7 |
1995–2000 | 76.5 |
2000–2005 | 77.2 |
2005–2010 | 78.2 |
2010–2015 | 78.9 |
2015–2020 | 78.8 |
Source: UN World Population Prospects[100]
Percent distribution of the total population by age: 1900 to 2015
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Department of Commerce, United Nations medium variant projections.[101][102]
Ages | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2015 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0–14 years | 34.5 | 32.1 | 31.8 | 29.4 | 25.0 | 26.9 | 31.1 | 28.5 | 22.6 | 21.5 | 21.4 | 20.2 | 19.8 |
15–24 years | 19.6 | 19.7 | 17.7 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 14.7 | 13.4 | 17.4 | 18.8 | 14.8 | 13.9 | ||
25–44 years | 28.1 | 29.2 | 29.6 | 29.5 | 30.1 | 30.0 | 26.2 | 23.6 | 27.7 | 32.5 | 30.2 | ||
45–64 years | 13.7 | 14.6 | 16.1 | 17.5 | 19.8 | 20.3 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 22.0 | ||
65 years and over | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 8.1 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 11.3 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 13.0 | 14.3 |
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 33.2 | 34.1 |
Population centers
The United States has dozens of major cities, including 31 "global cities"[103] of all types, with 10 in the "alpha" group of global cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Washington, D.C., Boston, San Francisco, Miami, Philadelphia, Dallas, and Atlanta.[104] As of 2011[update], the United States had 51 metropolitan areas with a population of over 1,000,000 people each. (See Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas.)
As of 2011[update], about 250 million Americans live in or around urban areas. That means more than three-quarters of the U.S. population shares just about three percent of the U.S. land area.[105]
The following table shows the populations of the top twenty metropolitan areas. Note Denver and Baltimore have over 2.5 million residents in their metro areas, and the San Juan (Puerto Rico) metro area has more than 2 million residents.[106]
Largest metropolitan areas in the United States
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Name | Region | Pop. | Rank | Name | Region | Pop. | ||
![]() New York ![]() Los Angeles |
1 | New York | Northeast | 19,498,249 | 11 | Boston | Northeast | 4,919,179 | ![]() Chicago ![]() Dallas–Fort Worth |
2 | Los Angeles | West | 12,799,100 | 12 | Riverside–San Bernardino | West | 4,688,053 | ||
3 | Chicago | Midwest | 9,262,825 | 13 | San Francisco | West | 4,566,961 | ||
4 | Dallas–Fort Worth | South | 8,100,037 | 14 | Detroit | Midwest | 4,342,304 | ||
5 | Houston | South | 7,510,253 | 15 | Seattle | West | 4,044,837 | ||
6 | Atlanta | South | 6,307,261 | 16 | Minneapolis–Saint Paul | Midwest | 3,712,020 | ||
7 | Washington, D.C. | South | 6,304,975 | 17 | Tampa–St. Petersburg | South | 3,342,963 | ||
8 | Philadelphia | Northeast | 6,246,160 | 18 | San Diego | West | 3,269,973 | ||
9 | Miami | South | 6,183,199 | 19 | Denver | West | 3,005,131 | ||
10 | Phoenix | West | 5,070,110 | 20 | Baltimore | South | 2,834,316 |
Race and ethnicity
Racial and ethnic groups in the United States (2020 Census)[108]
Racial groups in the United States (2020 Census) including racial identification of Latinos[109]
Race
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Population_pyramid_by_race.pdf/page1-300px-Population_pyramid_by_race.pdf.jpg)
The United States Census Bureau collects racial data in accordance with guidelines provided by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and these data are based on self-identification. Many other countries count multiple races based on origin while America compiles multiple dozens of ethnicity groups into skin color grouping them together. The racial classifications and definitions used by the U.S. Census Bureau are:[110]
- White: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.[111] It includes people who indicate their race as "White" or report entries such as Afghan, Iranian, Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Arab, Moroccan, or Caucasian.
- Black or African American: a person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa.[111] It includes people who indicate their race as "Black, African Am." or report entries such as African American, Kenyan, Nigerian, or Haitian.
- American Indian or Alaska Native: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment.[111] This category includes people who indicate their race as "American Indian or Alaska Native" or report entries such as Navajo, Blackfeet, Inupiat, Yup'ik, Central American Indian groups, or South American Indian groups.
- Asian: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example: Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.[111]
- Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander: a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands.[111]
- Some other race: includes all other responses not included in the "White," "Black or African American," "American Indian or Alaska Native," "Asian," and "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander" racial categories described above includes Asians from Western Asia or Russia (non European Russia) and White Africans
- Two or more races: people may choose to provide two or more races either by checking two or more race response check boxes, providing multiple responses, or some combination of check boxes and other responses.
Data about race and ethnicity are self-reported to the Census Bureau. Since the 2000 census, Congress has authorized people to identify themselves according to more than one racial classification by selecting more than one category. Only one ethnicity may be selected, however, because the U.S. Census recognizes only two ethnicities – Hispanic and Non-Hispanic – which are mutually exclusive since you can be one or the other, but not both. The Census Bureau defines "Hispanic" as any person who has an ancestral connection to Latin America.
According to the 2013–2017 American Community Survey, the racial composition of the United States in 2017 was:[112]
Race | Population (2017 est.) | Share of total population |
---|---|---|
Total | 321,004,407 | 100% |
One race | 310,923,363 | 96.9% |
White | 234,370,202 | 73.0% |
Black or African American | 40,610,815 | 12.7% |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 2,632,102 | 0.8% |
Asian | 17,186,320 | 5.4% |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 570,116 | 0.2% |
Other races | 15,553,808 | 4.8% |
Two or more races | 10,081,044 | 3.1% |
White and Black or African American | 2,657,560 | 0.8% |
White and American Indian and Alaska Native | 1,905,946 | 0.6% |
White and Asian | 2,057,321 | 0.6% |
Black or African American and American Indian and Alaska Native | 319,097 | 0.1% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 56,510,571 | 17.6% |
Mexican | 35,709,528 | 11.1% |
Puerto Rican | 5,418,521 | 1.7% |
Cuban | 2,158,962 | 0.7% |
Other Hispanic or Latino | 13,223,560 | 4.1% |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 264,493,836 | 82.4% |
White (non-Hispanic) | 197,277,789 | 61.5% |
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 39,445,495 | 12.3% |
American Indian and Alaska Native (non-Hispanic) | 2,098,763 | 0.7% |
Asian (non-Hispanic) | 16,989,540 | 5.3% |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic) | 515,522 | 0.2% |
Some other race (non-Hispanic) | 715,432 | 0.2% |
Two or more races | 7,451,295 | 2.3% |
- Distribution of Total Population by Race, 1900 to 2020 (in %)
Hispanic are shown like part of the races. Source: U.S. Census Bureau.[101][96]
Years | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1940 | 1950 | 1960 | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000* | 2010* | 2020* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White | 87.9 | 88.9 | 89.7 | 89.8 | 89.8 | 89.5 | 88.6 | 87.5 | 83.0 | 80.3 | 75.1 | 72.4 | 61.6 |
Black or African American | 11.6 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 12.4 |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | ||||||||
Asian and Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander |
1.5 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 6.2 | ||||||||
Some other race | 3.0 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 8.4 | ||||||||
Two or more races | 2.4 | 2.9 | 10.2 | ||||||||||
Sum (%) | 99.5 | 99.6 | 99.6 | 99.5 | 99.6 | 99.5 | 99.1 | 98.6 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
*Data are shown for the White, Black or African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and Some other race alone populations.
- Median age of each race, 2010 (Not Hispanic)
Source: United States Census Bureau.[113]
Race | Median age (both sex) (years) | Median age (male) (years) | Median age (female) (years) |
---|---|---|---|
Total (Not Hispanic) | 39.6 | 38.4 | 40.8 |
White | 42.0 | 40.7 | 43.3 |
Black or African American | 32.7 | 30.9 | 34.3 |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 31.7 | 30.6 | 32.7 |
Asian | 35.4 | 34.3 | 36.4 |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 29.7 | 29.2 | 30.2 |
Two or More Races | 19.0 | 18.1 | 19.8 |
- Median age of each race, 2017 (Not Hispanic)
Source: United States Census Bureau.[113]
Race | Median age (both sex) (years) | Median age (male) (years) | Median age (female) (years) |
---|---|---|---|
Total (Not Hispanic) | 40.5 | 39.1 | 42.0 |
White | 43.5 | 42.1 | 45.0 |
Black or African American | 34.2 | 32.3 | 36.0 |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 33.6 | 32.4 | 34.8 |
Asian | 36.9 | 35.5 | 38.1 |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 32.9 | 32.4 | 33.4 |
Two or More Races | 20.3 | 19.5 | 21.2 |
Race/ethnicity | White | Black or African American |
Hispanic | Asian | American Indian and Alaska Native |
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander |
Multiracial |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Most common age | 58 yo | 27 yo | 11 yo | 29 yo | 26 yo | 28 yo | 3 yo |
State or territory | Population (2015 est.) |
White | Black or African American |
American Indian and Alaska Native |
Asian | Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander |
Some other race | Two or more races |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 4,830,620 | 68.8% | 26.4% | 0.5% | 1.2% | 0.1% | 1.3% | 1.7% |
Alaska | 733,375 | 66.0% | 3.4% | 13.8% | 5.9% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 8.4% |
Arizona | 6,641,928 | 78.4% | 4.2% | 4.4% | 3.0% | 0.2% | 6.5% | 3.2% |
Arkansas | 2,958,208 | 78.0% | 15.5% | 0.6% | 1.4% | 0.2% | 2.1% | 2.1% |
California | 38,421,464 | 61.8% | 5.9% | 0.7% | 13.7% | 0.4% | 12.9% | 4.5% |
Colorado | 5,278,906 | 84.2% | 4.0% | 0.9% | 2.9% | 0.1% | 4.3% | 3.5% |
Connecticut | 3,593,222 | 77.3% | 10.3% | 0.2% | 4.2% | 0.0% | 5.1% | 2.8% |
Delaware | 926,454 | 69.4% | 21.6% | 0.3% | 3.6% | 0.0% | 2.3% | 2.7% |
District of Columbia | 647,484 | 40.2% | 48.9% | 0.3% | 3.7% | 0.0% | 4.2% | 2.7% |
Florida | 19,645,772 | 76.0% | 16.1% | 0.3% | 2.6% | 0.1% | 2.5% | 2.4% |
Georgia | 10,006,693 | 60.2% | 30.9% | 0.3% | 3.6% | 0.0% | 2.8% | 2.1% |
Hawaii | 1,406,299 | 25.4% | 2.0% | 0.2% | 37.7% | 9.9% | 1.1% | 23.7% |
Idaho | 1,616,547 | 91.7% | 0.6% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 0.1% | 2.4% | 2.6% |
Illinois | 12,873,761 | 72.3% | 14.3% | 0.2% | 5.0% | 0.0% | 5.8% | 2.2% |
Indiana | 6,568,645 | 84.2% | 9.2% | 0.2% | 1.9% | 0.0% | 2.3% | 2.2% |
Iowa | 3,093,526 | 91.2% | 3.2% | 0.3% | 2.0% | 0.1% | 1.3% | 2.0% |
Kansas | 2,892,987 | 85.2% | 5.8% | 0.8% | 2.6% | 0.1% | 2.2% | 3.3% |
Kentucky | 4,397,353 | 87.6% | 7.9% | 0.2% | 1.3% | 0.0% | 0.9% | 2.1% |
Louisiana | 4,625,253 | 62.8% | 32.1% | 0.6% | 1.7% | 0.0% | 1.0% | 1.8% |
Maine | 1,329,100 | 95.0% | 1.1% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 2.0% |
Maryland | 5,930,538 | 57.6% | 29.5% | 0.3% | 6.0% | 0.0% | 3.6% | 3.0% |
Massachusetts | 6,705,586 | 79.6% | 7.1% | 0.2% | 6.0% | 0.0% | 4.2% | 2.9% |
Michigan | 9,900,571 | 79.0% | 14.0% | 0.5% | 2.7% | 0.0% | 1.1% | 2.6% |
Minnesota | 5,419,171 | 84.8% | 5.5% | 1.0% | 4.4% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 2.7% |
Mississippi | 2,988,081 | 59.2% | 37.4% | 0.4% | 1.0% | 0.0% | 0.9% | 1.2% |
Missouri | 6,045,448 | 82.6% | 11.5% | 0.4% | 1.8% | 0.1% | 1.1% | 2.4% |
Montana | 1,014,699 | 89.2% | 0.5% | 6.5% | 0.7% | 0.1% | 0.5% | 2.5% |
Nebraska | 1,869,365 | 88.1% | 4.7% | 0.9% | 2.0% | 0.1% | 1.9% | 2.2% |
Nevada | 2,798,636 | 69.0% | 8.4% | 1.1% | 7.7% | 0.6% | 8.8% | 4.4% |
New Hampshire | 1,324,201 | 93.7% | 1.3% | 0.2% | 2.4% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 1.8% |
New Jersey | 8,904,413 | 68.3% | 13.5% | 0.2% | 9.0% | 0.0% | 6.4% | 2.5% |
New Mexico | 2,084,117 | 73.2% | 2.1% | 9.1% | 1.4% | 0.1% | 10.9% | 3.3% |
New York | 19,673,174 | 64.6% | 15.6% | 0.4% | 8.0% | 0.0% | 8.6% | 2.9% |
North Carolina | 9,845,333 | 69.5% | 21.5% | 1.2% | 2.5% | 0.1% | 3.0% | 2.4% |
North Dakota | 721,640 | 88.7% | 1.6% | 5.3% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 2.2% |
Ohio | 11,575,977 | 82.4% | 12.2% | 0.2% | 1.9% | 0.0% | 0.8% | 2.5% |
Oklahoma | 3,849,733 | 73.1% | 7.2% | 7.3% | 1.9% | 0.1% | 2.6% | 7.8% |
Oregon | 3,939,233 | 85.1% | 1.8% | 1.2% | 4.0% | 0.4% | 3.4% | 4.1% |
Pennsylvania | 12,779,559 | 81.6% | 11.0% | 0.2% | 3.1% | 0.0% | 2.0% | 2.1% |
Puerto Rico | 3,583,073 | 69.7% | 8.4% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.0% | 12.0% | 9.3% |
Rhode Island | 1,053,661 | 81.1% | 6.5% | 0.5% | 3.2% | 0.0% | 5.8% | 2.8% |
South Carolina | 4,777,576 | 67.2% | 27.5% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 0.1% | 1.5% | 2.0% |
South Dakota | 843,190 | 85.0% | 1.6% | 8.6% | 1.2% | 0.0% | 0.9% | 2.6% |
Tennessee | 6,499,615 | 77.8% | 16.8% | 0.3% | 1.6% | 0.1% | 1.5% | 2.0% |
Texas | 26,538,614 | 74.9% | 11.9% | 0.5% | 4.2% | 0.1% | 6.0% | 2.5% |
Utah | 2,903,379 | 87.6% | 1.1% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 0.9% | 4.5% | 2.6% |
Vermont | 626,604 | 94.9% | 1.1% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 0.0% | 0.3% | 1.9% |
Virginia | 8,256,630 | 69.0% | 19.2% | 0.3% | 6.0% | 0.1% | 2.2% | 3.2% |
Washington | 6,985,464 | 77.8% | 3.6% | 1.3% | 7.7% | 0.6% | 3.8% | 5.2% |
West Virginia | 1,851,420 | 93.6% | 3.3% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.2% | 2.0% |
Wisconsin | 5,742,117 | 86.5% | 6.3% | 0.9% | 2.5% | 0.0% | 1.7% | 2.1% |
Wyoming | 579,679 | 91.0% | 1.1% | 2.2% | 0.9% | 0.1% | 2.1% | 2.7% |
Territory | Population (2010 est.) |
White | Black or African American |
American Indian and Alaska Native |
Asian | Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander |
Some other race | Two or more races |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American Samoa | 55,519 | 0.9% | 0.0% | — | 3.6% | 92.6% | 0.1% | 2.7% |
Guam | 159,358 | 7.1% | 1.0% | — | 32.2% | 49.3% | 0.3% | 9.4% |
Northern Mariana Islands | 53,883 | 2.1% | 0.1% | — | 49.9% | 34.9% | 0.2% | 12.7% |
U.S. Virgin Islands | 106,405 | 15.6% | 76.0% | — | 1.4% | 0.0% | 4.9% | 2.1% |
Year | White Alone | Black Alone | Hispanic | Native American Alone | Asian Alone | Pacific Islander Alone |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 51.6% | 14.6% | 23.4% | 0.8% | 6.4% | 0.3% |
Year | White | Black or African American |
Hispanic | Asian | Pacific Islander | American Indian Alaska Native |
Two or more races |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 60% | 15% | 16% | 3% | — | 1% | 2% |
2017 | 51% | 14% | 25% | 5% | — | 1% | 4% |
Year | White | Black or African American |
Hispanic | Asian | Pacific Islander | American Indian Alaska Native |
Two or more races |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 62% | 14% | 18% | 4% | — | 1% | 1% |
2017 | 54% | 14% | 22% | 6% | — | 1% | 3% |
Age group | 85+ | 80–84 | 75–79 | 70–74 | 65–69 | 60–64 | 55–59 | 50–54 | 45–49 | 40–44 | 35–39 | 30–34 | 25–29 | 20–24 | 15–19 | 10–14 | 5–9 | <5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
non-Hispanic white | 83% | 81% | 79% | 78% | 77% | 74% | 72% | 69% | 65% | 61% | 58% | 57% | 57% | 56% | 55% | 54% | 52% | 50% |
Minority | 17% | 19% | 21% | 22% | 23% | 26% | 28% | 31% | 35% | 39% | 42% | 43% | 43% | 44% | 45% | 46% | 48% | 50% |
Hispanic or Latino origin
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/CensusViewer_US_2010_Census_Latino_Population_as_Heatmap_by_Census_Tract.jpg/300px-CensusViewer_US_2010_Census_Latino_Population_as_Heatmap_by_Census_Tract.jpg)
The U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines "Hispanic or Latino" as a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Dominican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. People who identify with the terms "Hispanic" or "Latino" are those who classify themselves in one of the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the decennial census questionnaire and various Census Bureau survey questionnaires – "Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano" or "Puerto Rican" or "Cuban" – as well as those who indicate that they are "another Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin."[120] People who identify their origin as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.[110]
Hispanic or Latino and Race | Population (2015 est.) | Percentage of total population |
---|---|---|
United States population | 316,515,021 | 100% |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 54,232,205 | 17.1% |
White | 35,684,777 | 11.3% |
Black or African American | 1,122,369 | 0.3% |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 490,557 | 0.1% |
Asian | 181,231 | 0.0% |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 46,724 | 0.0% |
Some other race | 14,226,829 | 4.5% |
Two or more races | 2,479,718 | 0.8% |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 262,282,816 | 82.9% |
- Population distribution by Hispanic origin 1970–2020 (in %)
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, decennial census of population, 1970 (5-percent sample), 1980 to 2020.[96]
Years | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not Hispanic or Latino | 95.5 | 93.6 | 91.0 | 87.5 | 83.7 | 81.3 |
Hispanic or Latino | 4.5 | 6.4 | 9.0 | 12.5 | 16.3 | 18.7 |
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
- Median age of each race, 2010 (Hispanic)
Source: United States Census Bureau.[113]
Race | Median age (both sex) (years) | Median age (male) (years) | Median age (female) (years) |
---|---|---|---|
Total (Hispanic) | 27.3 | 26.7 | 27.9 |
White | 27.8 | 27.2 | 28.4 |
Black or African American | 24.5 | 23.5 | 25.6 |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 26.0 | 26.1 | 25.8 |
Asian | 25.0 | 24.4 | 25.6 |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 24.9 | 24.8 | 24.9 |
Two or More Races | 19.6 | 19.1 | 20.0 |
- Median age of each race, 2017 (Hispanic)
Source: United States Census Bureau.[113]
Race | Median age (both sex) (years) | Median age (male) (years) | Median age (female) (years) |
---|---|---|---|
Total (Hispanic) | 29.3 | 28.8 | 29.8 |
White | 29.8 | 29.3 | 30.3 |
Black or African American | 26.8 | 25.8 | 27.9 |
American Indian and Alaska Native | 28.6 | 29.0 | 28.1 |
Asian | 27.2 | 26.5 | 27.8 |
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander | 27.8 | 28.1 | 27.4 |
Two or More Races | 20.9 | 20.4 | 21.3 |
Note: Hispanic origin is considered an ethnicity, not a race. Hispanics may be of any race.
Indigenous peoples
As of 2017, there are 2,098,763 American Indian and Alaska Native people in the United States,[112] representing 0.7% of the U.S. population. There are 573 federally recognized tribal governments[121] in the United States. As of 2000, the largest groups in the United States by population were Navajo, Cherokee, Choctaw, Sioux, Chippewa, Apache, Blackfeet, Iroquois, and Pueblo.
Other groups
There were 22.1 million veterans in 2009,[122] meaning that less than 10% of Americans served in the Armed Forces.[123]
In 2010, The Washington Post estimated that there were 11 million undocumented immigrants in the country.[124] As of 2017, Pew Research reported that there an estimated 10.5 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S.[125]
There were about 2 million people in prison in 2010.[126]
Projections
2015 | 2050 | |
---|---|---|
White Americans1 | 77.4% | 70.8% |
> Non-Hispanic Whites | 61.8% | 46.6% |
Black Americans1 | 13.2% | 14.4% |
Asian Americans1 | 5.3% | 7.7% |
Multiracial Americans1 | 2.6% | 5.4% |
Hispanics/Latinos (of any race) | 17.8% | 28.0% |
1 Including Hispanics |
A report by the U.S. Census Bureau projects a decrease in the ratio of Whites between 2010 and 2050, from 79.5% to 74.0%.[128] At the same time, Non-Hispanic Whites are projected to no longer make up a majority of the population by 2045, but will remain the largest single ethnic group. In 2050 they will compose 46.3% of the population. Non-Hispanic whites made up 85% of the population in 1960.[129] However, White Americans overall are still projected to make up over 70% of the population in 2050.
The report foresees the Hispanic or Latino population rising from 16% today to 30% by 2050, the Black percentage barely rising from 13.2% to 14.4%, and Asian Americans upping their 4.6% share to 7.8%. The United States had a population of 310 million people in October 2010, and is projected to reach 400 million by 2039 and 439 million in 2050.[25][130][131][132] It is further projected that 82% of the increase in population from 2005 to 2050 will be due to immigrants and their children.[133]
Of the nation's children in 2050, 62% are expected to be of a minority ethnicity, up from 44% today. Approximately 39% are projected to be Hispanic or Latino (up from 22% in 2008), and 38% are projected to be single-race, non-Hispanic Whites (down from 56% in 2008).[134] Racial and ethnic minorities surpassed non-Hispanic whites as the largest group of U.S. children under 5 years old in 2015.[135]
- Pew Research Center projections
The United Nations projects a population of just over 400 million in 2060.[136]
1960 | 2005 | 2050 | |
---|---|---|---|
White Americans | 85% | 67% | 47% |
Hispanic Americans | 3.5% | 14% | 29% |
Black Americans | 11% | 13% | 14% |
Asian Americans | 0.6% | 5% | 9% |
Note: All races modified and not Hispanic; American Indian/Alaska Native not shown. |
The country's racial profile will be vastly different, and although whites will remain the single largest ethnic group in the U.S., they will no longer be a majority excluding White Hispanics by 2055 according to Pew Research Center. Growth in the Hispanic and Asian populations is predicted to almost triple over the next 40 years. By 2055, the breakdown is estimated to be 48% non-Hispanic white, 24% Hispanic, 14% Asian, and 13% Black.[136]
As of 2015[update], 14% of the United States' population is foreign born, compared to just 5% in 1965. Nearly 39 million immigrants have come to the U.S. since 1965, with most coming from Asia and Latin America. The 2015 Census Report predicts that the percentage of the U.S. population that is foreign-born will continue to increase, reaching 19% by 2060. This increase in the foreign-born population will account for a large share of the overall population growth.[136]
The average person in the U.S. of 2060 is likely to be older than the average person of 2018 today, and almost one in four people will be 65 or older.[136]
U.S. Census Census Bureau projections
- Percent minority 1970–2042 (2008 projections)
- [96]
Years | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2020 | 2030 | 2040 | 2042 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percent minority (%) | 16.5 | 20.4 | 24.4 | 30.9 | 36.3 | 39.9 | 44.5 | 49.2 | 50.1 |
Note: "Minority" refers to people who reported their ethnicity and race as something other than non-Hispanic White alone in the decennial census.
- Total US population
Year | Projection (Census Bureau)[25]
(thousands) |
Projection (UN)[138]
(thousands) |
Actual result |
---|---|---|---|
2010 | 310,233 | 309,011 | 308,745,538 |
2020 | 341,387 | 331,003 | |
2030 | 373,504 | 349,642 | |
2040 | 405,655 | 366,572 | |
2050 | 439,010 | 379,419 |
LGBT population
The 2000 U.S. Census counted same-sex couples in an oblique way; asking the sex and the relationship to the "main householder", whose sex was also asked. Community Marketing & Insights, an organization specializing in analyzing gay demographic data, reported, based on this count in the 2000 census and in the 2000 supplementary survey, that same-sex couples comprised between 1.0% and 1.1% of U.S. couples in 2000.[139] A 2006 report issued by The Williams Institute on Sexual Orientation concluded that the number of same-sex couples in the U.S. grew from 2000 to 2005, from nearly 600,000 couples in 2000 to almost 777,000 in 2005.[citation needed] A 2006 UCLA study reported that 4.1% of Americans aged 18–45 identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual.[140]
A 2011 report by the Williams Institute estimated that 9 million adults identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual, representing 3.5% of the population over 18.[141] A spokesperson said that, until recently, few studies have tried to eliminate people who had occasionally undertaken homosexual behavior or entertained homosexual thoughts, from people who identified as lesbian or gay.[142] (Older estimates have varied depending on methodology and timing; see Demographics of sexual orientation for a list of studies.)
Foreign-born population
As of 2017, there is a total of 44,525,458 foreign-born people in the United States[143] that represents 13.5% of the total population of the country.
It is important to note that the foreign-born people are not necessarily recent immigrants, in general, Europeans have resided in the United States longer than the total immigrant population, approximately 66 percent of the European immigrants arrived prior to 2000.[144]
Place of birth | Estimate | Percentage of total foreign-born people |
---|---|---|
Americas | 23,241,959 | 52.2% |
Caribbean | 4,414,943 | 9.9% |
> Cuba | 1,311,803 | 3.0% |
> Dominican Republic | 1,162,568 | 2.6% |
Central America (including Mexico) | 14,796,926 | 33.2% |
> Mexico | 11,269,913 | 25.3% |
> El Salvador | 1,401,832 | 3.2% |
South America | 3,213,187 | 7.2% |
> Canada | 809,267 | 1.8% |
Europe | 4,818,662 | 10.8% |
Northern Europe | 941,796 | 2.1% |
Western Europe | 949,591 | 2.1% |
Southern Europe | 761,390 | 1.7% |
Eastern Europe | 2,153,855 | 4.8% |
Asia | 13,907,844 | 31.2% |
Eastern Asia | 4,267,303 | 9.6% |
> China | 2,639,365 | 5.9% |
> Korea | 1,064,960 | 2.4% |
South Central Asia | 4,113,013 | 9.2% |
> India | 2,348,687 | 5.3% |
South Eastern Asia | 4,318,647 | 6.7% |
> Philippines | 1,945,345 | 4.4% |
> Vietnam | 1,314,927 | 3.0% |
Western Asia | 1,159,835 | 2.6% |
Africa | 2,293,028 | 5.2% |
Eastern Africa | 693,784 | 1.6% |
Middle Africa | 163,364 | 0.4% |
Northern Africa | 359,559 | 0.8% |
Southern Africa | 116,297 | 0.2% |
Western Africa | 837,290 | 1.9% |
Oceania | 263,965 | 0.6% |
Australia and New Zealand Subregion | 123,080 | 0.3% |
Citizens living abroad
As of April 2015, the U.S. State Department estimated that 8.7 million American citizens live overseas. Americans living abroad are not counted in the U.S. Census unless they are a federal government employees or dependents of a federal employee.[145] A 2010 paper estimated the number of civilian Americans living abroad to be around 4 million.[146] So-called "accidental Americans" are citizens of a country other than the United States who may also be considered U.S. citizens or be eligible for U.S. citizenship under specific laws but are not aware of having such status (or became aware of it only recently).[147]
Religion
Religious affiliations
Religion in the United States (2021)[148]
The table below is based mainly on selected data as reported to the United States Census Bureau. It only includes the voluntary self-reported membership of religious bodies with 750,000 or more. The definition of a member is determined by each religious body.[149] In 2004[update], the US census bureau reported that about 13% of the population did not identify themselves as a member of any religion.[150][clarification needed]
In a Pew Research Survey performed in 2012, Americans without a religion (atheists, agnostics, nothing in particular, etc.) approached the numbers of Evangelical Protestant Americans with almost 20% of Americans being nonreligious (compared to just over 26% being Evangelical Protestant). If this current growth rate continues, by 2050, around 51% of Americans will not have a religion.[151]
Surveys conducted in 2014 and 2019 by Pew indicated that the percentage of Americans unaffiliated with a religion increased from 16% in 2007 to 23% in 2014 and 26% of the population in 2019.[152][153]
According to statistical data made by the Pew Research Center in 2020 about 75.5% of the US population is Christian, 18.6% is Unaffiliated, 1.7% is Jewish, 1.2% is Buddhist, 1.1% follows Islam and 1.9% follow other religions such as Hinduism, traditional religions and others.
-
Religious affiliation within each state that has the largest deviation compared to the national average, 2001.
-
Percentage of state populations that identify with a religion rather than "no religion", 2014.
-
Plurality religion by state, 2001. Data is unavailable for Alaska and Hawaii.
According to Pew Research Center study released in 2018, by 2040, Islam will surpass Judaism to become the second largest religion in the US due to higher immigration and birth rates.[179]
Religions of U.S. adults
The United States government does not collect religious data in its census. The survey below, the American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2008, was a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 54,461 American residential households in the contiguous United States. The 1990 sample size was 113,723; 2001 sample size was 50,281.
Adult respondents were asked the open-ended question, "What is your religion, if any?". Interviewers did not prompt or offer a suggested list of potential answers. The religion of the spouse or partner was also asked. If the initial answer was "Protestant" or "Christian" further questions were asked to probe which particular denomination. About one-third of the sample was asked more detailed demographic questions.
Religious Self-Identification of the U.S. Adult Population: 1990, 2001, 2008[180]
Figures are not adjusted for refusals to reply; investigators suspect refusals are possibly more representative of "no religion" than any other group.
Group | 1990 adults × 1,000 |
2001 adults × 1,000 |
2008 adults × 1,000 |
Numerical Change 1990– 2008 as % of 1990 |
1990 % of adults |
2001 % of adults |
2008 % of adults |
change in % of total adults 1990– 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adult population, total | 175,440 | 207,983 | 228,182 | 30.1% | ||||
Adult population, Responded | 171,409 | 196,683 | 216,367 | 26.2% | 97.7% | 94.6% | 94.8% | −2.9% |
Total Christian | 151,225 | 159,514 | 173,402 | 14.7% | 86.2% | 76.7% | 76.0% | −10.2% |
Catholic | 46,004 | 50,873 | 57,199 | 24.3% | 26.2% | 24.5% | 25.1% | −1.2% |
Non-Catholic Christian | 105,221 | 108,641 | 116,203 | 10.4% | 60.0% | 52.2% | 50.9% | −9.0% |
Baptist | 33,964 | 33,820 | 36,148 | 6.4% | 19.4% | 16.3% | 15.8% | −3.5% |
Mainline Protestant | 32,784 | 35,788 | 29,375 | −10.4% | 18.7% | 17.2% | 12.9% | −5.8% |
Methodist | 14,174 | 14,039 | 11,366 | −19.8% | 8.1% | 6.8% | 5.0% | −3.1% |
Lutheran | 9,110 | 9,580 | 8,674 | −4.8% | 5.2% | 4.6% | 3.8% | −1.4% |
Presbyterian | 4,985 | 5,596 | 4,723 | −5.3% | 2.8% | 2.7% | 2.1% | −0.8% |
Episcopalian/Anglican | 3,043 | 3,451 | 2,405 | −21.0% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.1% | −0.7% |
United Church of Christ | 438 | 1,378 | 736 | 68.0% | 0.2% | 0.7% | 0.3% | 0.1% |
Christian Generic | 25,980 | 22,546 | 32,441 | 24.9% | 14.8% | 10.8% | 14.2% | −0.6% |
Jehovah's Witness | 1,381 | 1,331 | 1,914 | 38.6% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.8% | 0.1% |
Christian Unspecified | 8,073 | 14,190 | 16,384 | 102.9% | 4.6% | 6.8% | 7.2% | 2.6% |
Non-denominational Christian | 194 | 2,489 | 8,032 | 4040.2% | 0.1% | 1.2% | 3.5% | 3.4% |
Protestant – Unspecified | 17,214 | 4,647 | 5,187 | −69.9% | 9.8% | 2.2% | 2.3% | −7.5% |
Evangelical/Born Again | 546 | 1,088 | 2,154 | 294.5% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.9% | 0.6% |
Pentecostal/Charismatic | 5,647 | 7,831 | 7,948 | 40.7% | 3.2% | 3.8% | 3.5% | 0.3% |
Pentecostal – Unspecified | 3,116 | 4,407 | 5,416 | 73.8% | 1.8% | 2.1% | 2.4% | 0.6% |
Assemblies of God | 617 | 1,105 | 810 | 31.3% | 0.4% | 0.5% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
Church of God | 590 | 943 | 663 | 12.4% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.0% |
Other Protestant Denomination | 4,630 | 5,949 | 7,131 | 54.0% | 2.6% | 2.9% | 3.1% | 0.5% |
Seventh-Day Adventist | 668 | 724 | 938 | 40.4% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.0% |
Churches of Christ | 1,769 | 2,593 | 1,921 | 8.6% | 1.0% | 1.2% | 0.8% | −0.2% |
Mormon/Latter-Day Saints | 2,487 | 2,697 | 3,158 | 27.0% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 0.0% |
Total non-Christian religions | 5,853 | 7,740 | 8,796 | 50.3% | 3.3% | 3.7% | 3.9% | 0.5% |
Jewish | 3,137 | 2,837 | 2,680 | −14.6% | 1.8% | 1.4% | 1.2% | −0.6% |
Eastern Religions | 687 | 2,020 | 1,961 | 185.4% | 0.4% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 0.5% |
Buddhist | 404 | 1,082 | 1,189 | 194.3% | 0.2% | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.3% |
Muslim | 527 | 1,104 | 1,349 | 156.0% | 0.3% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.3% |
New Religious Movements & Others | 1,296 | 1,770 | 2,804 | 116.4% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.2% | 0.5% |
None/ No religion, total | 14,331 | 29,481 | 34,169 | 138.4% | 8.2% | 14.2% | 15.0% | 6.8% |
Agnostic+Atheist | 1,186 | 1,893 | 3,606 | 204.0% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 0.9% |
Did Not Know/ Refused to reply | 4,031 | 11,300 | 11,815 | 193.1% | 2.3% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 2.9% |
-
States in the United States by Catholic population according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscape Survey.[181] States with Catholic population greater than the United States as a whole are in full red.
-
States in the United States by Evangelical Protestant population according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscape Survey.[181] States with Evangelical Protestant populations greater than the United States as a whole are in full orange.
-
States in the United States by Mainline or Black Protestant population according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscape Survey.[181] States with Mainline or Black Protestant population greater than the United States as a whole are in full purple.
-
States in the United States by non-Christian (e.g. Non-religious, Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist) population according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscape Survey.[181] States with non-Christian populations greater than the United States as a whole are in full blue.
-
States in the United States by non-Protestant and non-Catholic Christian (e.g. Mormon, Jehovah's Witness, Eastern Orthodox) population according to the Pew Research Center 2014 Religious Landscape Survey.[181] States with non-Catholic/non-Protestant Christian population greater than the United States as a whole are in full green.
Income
In 2006, the median household income in the United States was around $46,326. Household and personal income depends on variables such as race, number of income earners, educational attainment and marital status.
Type of household | Race and Hispanic origin | Region | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All households | Family households |
Nonfamily households |
Asian | Non-Hispanic White | Hispanic (of any race) |
Black | Northeast | Midwest | South | West |
$70,784 | $91,162 | $41,797 | $101,418 | $77,999 | $57,981 | $48,297 | $77,422 | $71,129 | $63,368 | $79,430 |
Age of Householder | Nativity of Householder | Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) Status | Educational Attainment of Householder* | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 65 years | 65 years and older | Native-born | Foreign-born | Inside MSA | Outside MSA | No high school diploma | High school, no college | Some college | Bachelor's degree or higher |
$80,734 | $47,620 | $71,522 | $66,043 | $73,823 | $53,750 | $30,378 | $50,401 | $64,378 | $115,456 |
*Householders aged 25 and older. In 2021, the median household income for this group was $72,046. |
Total workers | Full-Time, year-round workers | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Both sexes | Male | Female | Both sexes | Male | Female |
$45,470 | $50,983 | $39,201 | $56,473 | $61,180 | $51,226 |
Measure | Overall | Less than 9th grade | Some High School | High school graduate | Some college | Associate's degree | Bachelor's degree or higher | Bachelor's degree | Master's degree | Professional degree | Doctorate degree |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Persons, age 25+ w/ earnings* | $46,985 | $25,162 | $26,092 | $34,540 | $39,362 | $42,391 | $66,423 | $60,705 | $71,851 | $102,741 | $101,526 |
Male, age 25+ w/ earnings* | $52,298 | $30,089 | $31,097 | $40,852 | $47,706 | $52,450 | $80,192 | $71,666 | $91,141 | $126,584 | $121,956 |
Female, age 25+ w/ earnings* | $40,392 | $18,588 | $19,504 | $27,320 | $31,837 | $36,298 | $57,355 | $51,154 | $62,522 | $92,780 | $85,551 |
Persons, age 25+, employed full-time | $59,371 | $33,945 | $34,897 | $42,417 | $50,640 | $52,285 | $77,105 | $71,283 | $82,183 | $130,466 | $119,552 |
Household | $69,228 | $29,609 | $29,520 | $47,405 | $60,392 | $68,769 | $106,936 | $100,128 | $114,900 | $151,560 | $142,493 |
*Total work experience |
10th percentile | 20th percentile | 30th percentile | 40th percentile | 50th percentile | 60th percentile | 70th percentile | 80th percentile | 90th percentile | 95th percentile |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ $15,700 | ≤ $28,000 | ≤ $40,500 | ≤ $55,000 | $70,800 | ≤ $89,700 | ≤ $113,200 | ≤ $149,100 | ≤ $212,100 | ≤ $286,300 |
Source: US Census Bureau, 2021; income statistics for the year 2021 |
-
Counties in the United States by the percentage of the over 25-year-old population with bachelor's degrees according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[185] Counties with higher percentages of bachelor's degrees than the United States as a whole are in full orange.
-
States in the United States by the percentage of the over 25-year-old population with bachelor's degrees according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[185] States with higher percentages of bachelor's degrees than the United States as a whole are in full orange.
-
Counties in the United States by per capita income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] Counties with per capita incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
-
States in the United States by per capita income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] States with per capita incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
-
Counties in the United States by median nonfamily household income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] Counties with median nonfamily household incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
-
States in the United States by median nonfamily household income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] States with median nonfamily household incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
-
Counties in the United States by median family household income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] Counties with median family household incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
-
States in the United States by median family household income according to the U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2013–2017 5-Year Estimates.[186] States with median family household incomes higher than the United States as a whole are in full green.
Economic class
Social classes in the United States lack distinct boundaries and may overlap. Even their existence (when distinguished from economic strata) is controversial. The following table provides a summary of some prominent academic theories on the stratification of American society:
Dennis Gilbert, 2002 | William Thompson & Joseph Hickey, 2005 | Leonard Beeghley, 2004 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class | Typical characteristics | Class | Typical characteristics | Class | Typical characteristics |
Capitalist class (1%) | Top-level executives, high-rung politicians, heirs. Ivy League education common. | Upper class (1%) | Top-level executives, celebrities, heirs; income of $500,000+ common. Ivy league education common. | The super-rich (0.9%) | Multi-millionaires whose incomes commonly exceed $3.5 million or more; includes celebrities and powerful executives/politicians. Ivy League education common. |
Upper middle class[1] (15%) | Highly-educated (often with graduate degrees), most commonly salaried, professionals and middle management with large work autonomy. | Upper middle class[1] (15%) | Highly-educated (often with graduate degrees) professionals & managers with household incomes varying from the high 5-figure range to commonly above $100,000. | The rich (5%) | Households with net worth of $1 million or more; largely in the form of home equity. Generally have college degrees. |
Middle class (plurality/ majority?; ca. 46%) |
College-educated workers with considerably higher-than-average incomes and compensation; a man making $57,000 and a woman making $40,000 may be typical. | ||||
Lower middle class (30%) | Semi-professionals and craftsmen with a roughly average standard of living. Most have some college education and are white-collar. | Lower middle class (32%) | Semi-professionals and craftsmen with some work autonomy; household incomes commonly range from $35,000 to $75,000. Typically, some college education. | ||
Working class (30%) | Clerical and most blue-collar workers whose work is highly routinized. Standard of living varies depending on number of income earners, but is commonly just adequate. High school education. | ||||
Working class (32%) | Clerical, pink- and blue-collar workers with often low job security; common household incomes range from $16,000 to $30,000. High school education. | Working class (ca. 40–45%) |
Blue-collar workers and those whose jobs are highly routinized with low economic security; a man making $40,000 and a woman making $26,000 may be typical. High school education. | ||
Working poor (13%) | Service, low-rung clerical and some blue-collar workers. High economic insecurity and risk of poverty. Some high school education. | ||||
Lower class (ca. 14–20%) | Those who occupy poorly-paid positions or rely on government transfers. Some high school education. | ||||
Underclass (12%) | Those with limited or no participation in the labor force. Reliant on government transfers. Some high school education. | The poor (ca. 12%) | Those living below the poverty line with limited to no participation in the labor force; a household income of $18,000 may be typical. Some high school education. | ||
|
Generational cohorts
A definitive recent study of US generational cohorts was done by Schuman and Scott (2012) in which a broad sample of adults of all ages was asked, "What world events are especially important to you?"[187] They found that 33 events were mentioned with great frequency. When the ages of the respondents were correlated with the expressed importance rankings, seven (some put 8 or 9) distinct cohorts became evident.
Today the following descriptors are frequently used for these cohorts:
- Lost Generation – born from approximately 1883 to 1900.
- Greatest Generation – born from approximately 1901 to 1927[188] (in the U.S., this was the "Depression cohort" who fought and won World War II).
- Silent Generation – born from approximately 1928 to 1945[189] during the Great Depression and World War II.[190] The label was originally applied to people in North America but has also been applied to those in Western Europe, Australasia and South America. It includes most of those who fought during the Korean War.
- Baby boomers (also known as Boomers) – born from 1946 to 1964.[189]
- Generation X – born from approximately 1965 to 1980.[189][191] In the U.S., some called Xers the "baby bust" generation because of the drop in birth rates following the baby boom.[192]
- Millennials (also known as Generation Y) – born from approximately 1981 to 1996.[189]
- Generation Z (also known as iGeneration, Digital Natives, or Zoomers) – born from approximately 1997 to 2012.[189]
- Generation Alpha – born from approximately the early 2010s to mid-2020s.[193]
U.S. demographic birth cohorts
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Subdivided groups are present when peak boom years or inverted peak bust years are present, and may be represented by a normal or inverted bell-shaped curve (rather than a straight curve). The boom subdivided cohorts may be considered as "pre-peak" (including peak year) and "post-peak". The year 1957 was the baby boom peak with 4.3 million births and 122.7 fertility rate. Although post-peak births (such as trailing edge boomers) are in decline, and sometimes referred to as a "bust", there are still a relatively large number of births. The dearth-in-birth bust cohorts include those up to the valley birth year, and those including and beyond, leading up to the subsequent normal birth rate. The baby boom began around 1943 to 1946.[citation needed]
From the decline in U.S. birth rates starting in 1958 and the introduction of the birth control pill in 1960, the Baby Boomer normal distribution curve is negatively skewed. The trend in birth rates from 1958 to 1961 show a tendency to end late in the decade at approximately 1969, thus returning to pre-WWII levels, with 12 years of rising and 12 years of declining birth rates. Pre-war birth rates were defined as anywhere between 1939 and 1941 by demographers such as the Taeuber's, Philip M. Hauser and William Fielding Ogburn.[194]
Demographic statistics
Birth, growth and death rates
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Families_US.png/300px-Families_US.png)
The growth rate is 0.81% as estimated from 2017.[2]
The birth rate is 12.5 births/1,000 population, estimated as of 2017[update] and 2013. Country comparison to the world: 158th. This was the lowest since records began. There were 3,957,577 births in 2013.[195]
- 13.9 births/1,000 population per year (provisional data for 2008)
- 14.3 births/1,000 population per year (provisional data for 2007)[196]
In 2009, Time magazine reported that 40% of births were to unmarried women.[197] The following is a breakdown by race for unwed births: 17% Asian, 29% White, 53% Hispanics (of any race), 66% Native Americans, and 72% Black American.[198]
The drop in the birth rate from 2007 to 2009 is believed to be associated with the Great Recession.[199]
A study by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) found that more than half (51 percent) of live hospital births in 2008 and 2011 were male.[200]
Per U.S. federal government data released in March 2011, births fell 4% from 2007 to 2009, the largest drop in the U.S. for any two-year period since the 1970s.[201] Births have declined for three consecutive years, and are now 7% below the peak in 2007.[202] This drop has continued through 2010, according to data released by the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics in June 2011.[203] Numerous experts have suggested that this decline is largely a reflection of unfavorable economic conditions.[204] This connection between birth rates and economic downturns partly stems from the fact that American birth rates have now fallen to levels that are comparable to the Great Depression of the 1930s.[205] Teen birth rates in the U.S. are at the lowest level in U.S. history.[206] In fact, teen birth rates in the U.S. have consistently decreased since 1991 through 2011, except for a brief increase between 2005 and 2007.[206] The other aberration from this otherwise steady decline in teen birth rates is the 6% decrease in birth rates for 15- to 19-year-olds between 2008 and 2009.[206] Despite these years of decrease, U.S. teen birth rates are still higher than in other developed nations.[206] Racial differences prevail with teen birth and pregnancy rates as well. The American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Black teen pregnancy rates are more than double the non-Hispanic white teen birth rate.[207]
Age group (2010) | Total (of population) |
White alone (of race/age group) |
Black alone (of race/age group) |
Mixed and/or Some Other Race (of race/age group) |
Asian alone (of race/age group) |
Either American Indian or Alaska Native (of race/age group) |
Either Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (of race/age group) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 308745538 (100%) |
223553265 (72.4%) |
38929319 (12.6%) |
28116441 (9.1%) |
14674252 (4.9%) |
2932248 (1.0%) |
540013 (0.2%) |
0–4 | 20201362 (6.5%) |
12795675 (5.7%/63.3%) |
2902590 (7.5%/14.4%) |
3315480 (11.8%/16.4%) |
898011 (6.1%/4.5%) |
244615 (8.3%/1.2%) |
44991 (8.3%/0.2%) |
5–9 | 20348657 (6.6%) |
13293799 (5.9%/65.3%) |
2882597 (7.4%/14.2%) |
2957487 (10.5%/14.5%) |
928248 (6.3%/4.6%) |
243259 (8.3%/1.2%) |
43267 (8.0%/0.0%) |
10–14 | 20677194 (6.7%) |
13737332 (6.1%/66.4%) |
3034266 (7.8%/14.7%) |
2736570 (9.7%/13.2%) |
881590 (6.0%/4.3%) |
245049 (8.4%/1.19%) |
42387 (7.8%/0.2%) |
15–19 | 22040343 (7.1%) |
14620638 (6.5%/66.4%) |
3448051 (8.9%/15.6%) |
2704571 (9.6%/12.3%) |
956028 (6.5%/4.3%) |
263805 (9.0%/1.2%) |
47250 (8.7%/0.2%) |
20–24 | 21585999 (7.0%) |
14535947 (6.5%/67.3%) |
3111397 (8.0%/14.4%) |
2538967 (9.0%/11.8%) |
1106222 (7.5%/5.1%) |
240716 (8.2%/1.1%) |
52750 (9.8%/0.2%) |
25–29 | 21101849 (6.8%) |
14345364 (6.4%/68.0%) |
2786254 (7.2%/13.2%) |
2464343 (8.8%/11.7%) |
1234322 (8.4%/5.9%) |
221654 (7.6%/1.1%) |
49912 (9.2%/0.2%) |
30–34 | 19962099 (6.5%) |
13573270 (6.1%/68.0%) |
2627925 (6.8%/13.2%) |
2273322 (8.1%/11.4%) |
1240906 (8.5%/6.2%) |
202928 (6.9%/1.0%) |
43748 (8.1%/0.2%) |
35–39 | 20179642 (6.5%) |
13996797 (6.3%/69.36%) |
2613389 (6.7%/13.0%) |
2038408 (7.2%/10.1%) |
1296301 (8.8%/6.4%) |
196017 (6.7%/1.0%) |
38730 (7.2%/0.2%) |
40–44 | 20890964 (6.8%) |
15052798 (6.7%/72.1%) |
2669034 (6.9%/12.8%) |
1782463 (6.3%/8.5%) |
1155565 (7.9%/5.5%) |
194713 (6.6%/0.9%) |
36391 (6.7%/0.2%) |
45–49 | 22708591 (7.4%) |
17028255 (7.6%/75.0%) |
2828657 (7.3%/12.5%) |
1532117 (5.4%/6.8%) |
1076060 (7.3%/4.7%) |
207857 (7.1%/0.9%) |
35645 (6.6%/0.2%) |
50–54 | 22298125 (7.2%) |
17178632 (7.7%/77.0%) |
2694247 (6.9%/12.1%) |
1222175 (4.3%/5.5%) |
980282 (6.7%/4.4%) |
191893 (6.5%/0.9%) |
30896 (5.7%/0.1%) |
55–59 | 19664805 (6.4%) |
15562187 (7.0%/79.1%) |
2205820 (5.7%/11.2%) |
873943 (3.1%/4.4%) |
844490 (5.8%/4.3%) |
154320 (5.3%/0.8%) |
24045 (4.5%/0.1%) |
60–64 | 16817924 (5.4%) |
13693334 (6.1%/81.4%) |
1686695 (4.3%/10.0%) |
611144 (2.2%/3.6%) |
689601 (4.7%/4.1%) |
118362 (4.0%/0.7%) |
18788 (3.5%/0.1%) |
65–69 | 12435263 (4.0%) |
10313002 (4.6%/82.9%) |
1162577 (3.0%/9.4%) |
394208 (1.4%/3.2%) |
474327 (3.2%/3.8%) |
79079 (2.7%/0.6%) |
12070 (2.2%/0.1%) |
70–74 | 9278166 (3.0%) |
7740932 (3.5%/83.4%) |
852317 (2.2%/9.2%) |
268574 (1.0%/2.9%) |
354268 (2.4%/3.8%) |
53926 (1.8%/0.6%) |
8149 (1.5%/0.1%) |
75–79 | 7317795 (2.4%) |
6224569 (2.8%/85.1%) |
616789 (1.6%/8.4%) |
184596 (0.7%/2.5%) |
251210 (1.7%/3.4%) |
35268 (1.2%/0.5%) |
5363 (1.0%/0.1%) |
80–84 | 5743327 (1.9%) |
5002427 (2.2%/87.1%) |
424592 (1.1%/7.4%) |
122249 (0.4%/2.1%) |
168879 (1.2%/2.9%) |
21963 (0.7%/0.4%) |
3217 (0.6%/0.1%) |
85+ | 5493433 (1.8%) |
4858307 (2.2%/88.4%) |
382122 (1.0%/7.0%) |
95824 (0.3%/1.7%) |
137942 (0.9%/2.5%) |
16824 (0.6%/0.3%) |
2414 (0.4%/0.0%) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/US_unemployment_by_state.svg/300px-US_unemployment_by_state.svg.png)
For those interested in a look at where the U.S. population is headed over a longer term, the link below to a recent article offers a preliminary overview of census trends. Yes, a multi-racial democracy awaits, if we can keep it, but also a society with significant demographic pitfalls. Here is a quote summarizing key points:
These trends include an unprecedented stagnation in population growth, a continued decrease in Americans' geographical mobility, more pronounced population aging, a first-time decline in the size of the white population, and rising racial and ethnic diversity among millennials, Gen Z, and younger groups, which now comprise a majority of the nation's residents.[209]
Unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted)
As of July 2020[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 10.2 percent (U3 rate).
As of July 2019[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 3.7 percent (U3 rate).
As of July 2018[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 3.7 percent (U3 rate).
As of July 2017[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 4.3 percent (U3 rate).[210]
As of July 2016[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 4.9 percent (U3 rate).[210]
As of July 2015[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 5.3 percent (U3 rate).[211]
As of July 2014[update], the U.S. unemployment rate was 6.2 percent (U3 rate).[210]
The U6 unemployment rate as of April 2017[update] was 8.6 percent.[212] The U6 unemployment rate counts not only people without work seeking full-time employment (the more familiar U3 rate), but also counts "marginally attached workers and those working part-time for economic reasons." Note that some of these part-time workers counted as employed by U6 could be working as little as an hour a week. And the "marginally attached workers" include those who have become discouraged and stopped looking, but still want to work. The age considered for this calculation is 16 years and over.
Urban Americans have more job opportunities than those in more rural areas. From 2008–2018, 72% of the nation's employment growth occurred in cities with more than one million residents, which account for 56% of the overall population.[213]
Mobility
In terms of internal migration, in 2013, about 15% of Americans moved.[citation needed] Most of these, 67%, moved within the same county. Of the 33% who moved beyond local county boundaries, 13% of those moved more than 200 miles (320 km).[214]
See also
- Demographic history of the United States
- Emigration from the United States
- Historical Statistics of the United States
- Historical racial and ethnic demographics of the United States
- Index of United States–related articles
- Languages of the United States
- Maps of American ancestries
- Outline of the United States
- Places in the United States with notable demographic characteristics
- Urbanization in the United States
Lists
Income
Population
This article is part of a series on |
Income in the United States of America |
---|
![]() |
![]() |
- List of metropolitan statistical areas
- List of United States counties and county equivalents
- Office of Management and Budget
- United States urban area
Notes
- ^ In fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and has been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an aging population and the result is that the population decreases.
References
- ^ a b c "Table A. Apportionment Population, Resident Population, and Overseas Population: 2020 Census and 2010 Census" (PDF).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "NORTH AMERICA :: UNITED STATES". CIA.gov. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b Arias, Elizabeth; Tejada-Vera, Betzaida; Ahmad, Farida; Kochanek, Kenneth D. (July 2021). "Provisional Life Expectancy Estimates for 2020" (PDF). cdc.gov.
- ^ https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db427.pdf
- ^ https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db427.pdf
- ^ a b Martin, Joyce A.; Hamilton, Brady E.; Osterman, Michelle J. K. (May 5, 2021). "Births: Provisional Data for 2020" (PDF). Cdc.gov. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Howden, Lindsay M.; Meyer, Julie A. (May 2011). "Age and Sex Composition: 2010" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 6.
- ^ Kaczke, Lisa (March 25, 2019). "South Dakota recognizes official indigenous language". Argus Leader.
- ^ http://www.rnzi.com/pages/news.php?op=read&id=42333 "Samoa now an official language of instruction in American Samoa". Radio New Zealand International. 2008-10-03.
- ^ https://www.britannica.com/place/Guam "Guam". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2018-10-24.
- ^ https://www.britannica.com/place/Northern-Mariana-Islands "Northern Mariana Islands". Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2018-10-19.
- ^ http://www.languagepolicy.net/archives/can-pr.htm Crawford, James. "Puerto Rico and Official English". languagepolicy.net. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
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External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- United States Census Bureau
- New York Times: "Mapping the 2010 U.S. Census"
- 2000 Census of Population and Housing United States, U.S. Census Bureau
- Asian-Nation: Demographics of Asian American /2006-07-04-us-population_x.htm?csp=34 Countdown to 300 million
- Census Ancestry Map
- USA Today 2004 Election County by County Map
- Google – public data "Population in the U.S.A."