The sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC5A2 (solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose cotransporter)) gene.[5]
SGLT2 is a member of the sodium glucose cotransporter family, which are sodium-dependent glucose transport proteins. SGLT2 is the major cotransporter involved in glucose reabsorption in the kidney.[6] SGLT2 is located in the early proximal tubule, and is responsible for reabsorption of 80-90% of the glucose filtered by the kidney glomerulus.[7] Most of the remaining glucose absorption is by sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1) in more distal sections of the proximal tubule.[8]
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were associated with significant long-term reductions in mortality risk for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), according to an observational cohort study.[15] The study revealed that after one year, 8.1% of PAH patients prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had died, compared to 15.5% of those who did not take the medication.
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Wells RG, Mohandas TK, Hediger MA (September 1993). "Localization of the Na+/glucose cotransporter gene SGLT2 to human chromosome 16 close to the centromere". Genomics. 17 (3): 787–789. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1411. PMID8244402.
van den Heuvel LP, Assink K, Willemsen M, Monnens L (December 2002). "Autosomal recessive renal glucosuria attributable to a mutation in the sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT2)". Human Genetics. 111 (6): 544–547. doi:10.1007/s00439-002-0820-5. PMID12436245. S2CID28089635.
Wells RG, Pajor AM, Kanai Y, Turk E, Wright EM, Hediger MA (September 1992). "Cloning of a human kidney cDNA with similarity to the sodium-glucose cotransporter". The American Journal of Physiology. 263 (3 Pt 2): F459–F465. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.1992.263.3.F459. PMID1415574.