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Revision as of 16:21, 17 August 2015
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/1st_millennium_montage.png)
Millennia: | |
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Centuries: |
The first millennium is a period of time that began on January 1, AD 1, and ended on December 31, AD 1000, of the Julian calendar. It was the first period of one thousand years in the Anno Domini or Common Era.
In Europe and the Mediterranean, the first millennium was a time of great transition. The 2nd century saw the peak of the Roman Empire, followed by its gradual decline during the period of Late Antiquity, the rise of Christianity and the Great Migrations. The second half of the millennium is characterized as the Early Middle Ages in Europe, and marked by the Viking expansion in the west, the rise of the Byzantine Empire in the east, and by the Islamic conquests throughout the Near East, North Africa and the Iberian peninsula, culminating in the Islamic Golden Age (700–1200 AD).
In Arabia, a man called Muhammad, become the leader and the final prophet of Islam. After his death, his companion enlarged the religion. The first millennium is considered as the greatest period for Muslims.
In East Asia, the first millennium was also a time of great cultural advances, notably the spread of Buddhism to East Asia. In China, the Han dynasty is replaced by the Jin dynasty and later the Tang dynasty until the 10th century sees renewed fragmentation in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. In Japan, a sharp increase in population followed when farmers' use of iron tools increased their productivity and crop yields. The Yamato court was established. The Indian subcontinent was divided among numerous kingdoms throughout the first millennium.
In Mesoamerica, the first millennium was a period of enormous growth known as the Classic Era (200–900 AD). Teotihuacan grew into a metropolis and its empire dominated Mesoamerica. In South America, pre-Incan, coastal cultures flourished, producing impressive metalwork and some of the finest pottery seen in the ancient world.
In North America, the Mississippian culture rose at the end of the millennium in the Mississippi and Ohio river valleys. Numerous cities were built; Cahokia, the largest, was based in present-day Illinois, and may have had 30,000 residents at its peak about 1250 AD. The circumference of the 10-story-high Monks Mound at Cahokia was larger than that of the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan or the Great Pyramid in Egypt.
Civilizations, kingdoms and dynasties
The civilizations, kingdoms and dynasties in this section are organized according to the United Nations geoscheme
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania |
---|---|---|---|---|
Events
The events in this section are organized according to the United Nations geoscheme
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st century | 70 Kandake Amanikhatashan sends Kushite cavalry to aid Roman Emperor in Jerusalem revolt[1] 100 rise of the Aksum 100 Khoekhoe reach southern coast of Africa[2] |
1 Cahuachi established[3] 50 Pyramid of the Sun began[3] |
25 Han Dynasty reestablished under Guangwu 33 Christianity begins 70 Jewish diaspora |
9 Rhine established as boundary between Rome and Germany[4] 47 London founded 58 Alpes Cottiae becomes a Roman province[4] 79 Pompeii destroyed |
1 Caroline Islands colonized[5] |
2nd century | 150 Rhapta, hint of pre-Swahili, Periplus of the Erythraean Sea 200 Bantu reach east Africa[6] 200 Nok culture ends |
150 Cahuachi becomes dominant ceremonial site in southern Peru[3] | 184 Yellow Turban Rebellion | 106 Dacia becomes a Roman province[4] 166 Siege of Aquileia[4] 180 End of the Macromannic Wars[4] |
|
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | |
3rd century | 212 Egyptians granted Roman citizenship[6] 230 Aksum wars with Himyar and Saba alliance 300 Aksum prints own coins |
250 Rise of Laguna de los Cerros 292 Stela 29 inscribed[3] 300 Tikàl conquers El Mirador[3] |
208 Battle of Red Cliffs during the decline of the Han Dynasty 280 Jin reunifies China |
212 Roman citizenship extended to all free people in the empire[4] 214 Hispania divided into Gallaecia, Tarraconensis, Baetica and Lusitania[4] 286 Diocletian divides the empire East and West[4] |
300 Eastern Polynesian culture develops[7] |
4th century | 333 Aksum converts to Christianity 350 Meroe comes to an end [6] 350 King of Anwar, Kaja Maja |
378 Teotihuacan conquers Waka, Tikal, and Uaxactun, the beginning of its conquest of the Maya[8] | 319 Rise of Gupta Empire in South Asia 393 Last Olympic Games |
313 Edict of Milan[4] |
|
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | |
5th century | 401 c. camel main transport for trans-Sahara 429 Vandal invasion[6] 500 Nubia split into Nobadia, Makuria, Alodia |
420 Southern and Northern Dynasties period begins | 407 Vandals enter Iberia[9] 421 Romans defeat Persians[9] 476 Fall of Roman Empire[9] |
500 Settlement of Hawaii, Easter Island, Society Islands, Tuamotus and Mangareva[7] | |
6th century | 520 Kaleb attacks Yemen 533 Belisarius invades Africa[6] 540 Nubia converts to monophysite Christianity |
600 Wari' conquer Peru[10] 600 Construction of Palenque[3] |
538 Buddhism introduced in Japan. 570 Birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammad |
507 Battle of Vouillé[9] 535 Byzantine army invades Italy[9] 585 Visigoths conquer Suevi kingdom[9] |
|
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | |
7th century | 641 Muslims invade Africa[11] 690 Za Dynasty founded 697 Carthage destroyed[11] |
650 Settlement of Xochitecatl and Cacaxtla[10] 700 Teotihuacan destroyed[10] |
618 Tang Dynasty established 632 Rise of Islam 651 Islamic conquest of Persia |
c.680 Bulgarian Empire was founded; | 700 Settlement of the Cook Islands[7] |
8th century | 702 Aksum attacks Arabia[11] 706 Arabic in Egypt[11] 789 Independent Morocco[11] |
738 Quiriguá becomes independent of Copan
750 Sacred Cenote built at Chichén Itzá[10] |
738 Battle of Rajasthan and invasion of India by Umayyad Caliphate was averted 755 An Shi Rebellion |
717 Siege of Constantinople 718 Islamic conquest of Spain |
|
Africa | Americas | Asia | Europe | Oceania | |
9th century | 801 c. Kanem Empire founded 801c. Aksum declines, capital moved to interior 900c. Igbo-Ukwu founded[12] |
835 Ganlu Incident | 872 Norway unites 896 Hungarians invade Carpathia |
900 Settlement of New Zealand[7] | |
10th century | 905 Tulunids ejected[11] 909 Fatimid established[11] 969 Fustat captured[11] |
950 Great Serpent Mound constructed[10] 990 Toltecs conquer Chichén Itzá |
907 Political upheaval of the Five Dynasties begins 960 Song dynasty established |
958 Denmark unites 985 Erik the Red founds colony in Greenland |
1000 Polynesians build stone temples[7] |
Significant people
The people in this section are organized according to the United Nations geoscheme
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
Communication | Math and Science | Agriculture | Transportation | Warfare |
---|---|---|---|---|
Centuries and decades
References
- ^ Jr Ph D Grant Bishop Williams(2009). Abraham's Other Sons. AuthorHouse: pp. 50,51. ISBN 1438997094, 9781438997094
- ^ Ehret, Christopher (2002). The Civilizations of Africa. Charlottesville: University of Virginia, p. 177, ISBN 0-8139-2085-X.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "World Timeline of the Americas 200 BC - AD 600". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "World Timeline of Europe 200 BC-AD 400 Roman". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "World Timeline of the Oceania 1500 BC-AD 1". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-04-02.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "World Timeline of Africa 332 BC-AD 400". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-04-02.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e "World Timeline of Oceania AD 1-1100". The British Museum. 2005. Retrieved 2009-04-02.
- ^ a b http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/print/2007/08/maya-rise-fall/gugliotta-text
- ^ a b c d e f "World Timeline of Europe AD 400-800 Early medieval". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-06.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i "World Timeline of the Americas AD 600-1000". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g h i "World Timeline of Africa AD 600-1500". The British Museum. 2005. Archived from the original on 13 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-02.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine. The History of African Cities South of the Sahara. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2005, p. 45, ISBN 1-55876-303-1
- ^ a b "Who Built it First". Ancient Discoveries. A&E Television Networks. 2008. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-04-03.
{{cite web}}
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