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List of Internet top-level domains

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 184.106.236.107 (talk) at 14:41, 10 June 2011 (removed a comment that was inaccurate (anybody can register a .cm domain)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The following is a list of Internet top-level domains. The top-level domain article provides the background information.

The official list of all top-level domains is maintained by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).[1]

Generic top-level domains

Table legend

Name Entity Notes IDN DNSSEC
.aero air-transport industry Must verify eligibility for registration; only those in various categories of air-travel-related entities may register. No No
.asia Asia-Pacific region This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. Yes Yes
.biz business This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not held by commercial entities in accordance with the domain's charter. This TLD was created to provide relief for the wildly-popular .com TLD. No Yes
.cat Catalan This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture. Yes Yes
.com commercial This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Though originally intended for for-profit business entities, for a number of reasons it became the "main" TLD for domain names and is currently used by all types of entities including nonprofits, schools and private individuals. Domain name registrations may be challenged if the holder cannot prove an outside relation justifying reservation of the name, to prevent "squatting". Yes Yes
.coop cooperatives The .coop TLD is limited to cooperatives as defined by the Rochdale Principles. No No
.edu educational The .edu TLD is limited to specific educational institutions such as, but not limited to, primary schools, middle schools, secondary schools, colleges, and universities. In the US, its usability was limited in 2001 to post-secondary institutions accredited by an agency on the list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies maintained by the United States Department of Education. This domain is therefore almost exclusively used by U.S. colleges and universities. Some institutions that do not meet the current registration criteria have grandfathered domain names. No Yes
.gov governmental The .gov TLD is limited to U.S. governmental entities and agencies. No Yes
.info information This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Yes Yes
.int international organizations The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs which are endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. No No
.jobs companies The .jobs TLD is designed to be added after the names of established companies with jobs to advertise. At this time, owners of a "company.jobs" domain are not permitted to post jobs of third party employers. No No
.mil U.S. military The .mil TLD is limited to use by the U.S. military. No No
.mobi mobile devices Must be used for mobile-compatible sites in accordance with standards. No No
.museum museums Must be verified as a legitimate museum. Yes Yes
.name individuals, by name This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not by individuals (or the owners of fictional characters) in accordance with the domain's charter. Yes No
.net network This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally intended for use by domains pointing to a distributed network of computers, or "umbrella" sites that act as the portal to a set of smaller websites. No Yes
.org organization This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. Originally intended for use by non-profit organizations, and still primarily used by same. Yes Yes
.pro professions Currently, .pro is reserved for licensed or certified lawyers, accountants, physicians and engineers in France, Canada, NL, UK and the U.S. A professional seeking to register a .pro domain must provide their registrar with the appropriate credentials. No No
.tel Internet communication services A contact directory housing all types of contact information directly in the Domain Name System. Yes[2] No
.travel travel and tourism industry related sites Must be verified as a legitimate travel-related entity. No No
.xxx adult entertainment For sites providing sexually-explicit content, such as pornography. No No

Country code top-level domains

Name Entity Explanation Notes IDN DNSSEC SLD
.ac  Ascension Island     Yes Yes Yes
.ad  Andorra       No Yes
.ae  United Arab Emirates       No Yes
.af  Afghanistan       No Yes
.ag  Antigua and Barbuda       Yes Yes
.ai  Anguilla       No Yes
.al  Albania   Citizenship required   No No
.am  Armenia       Yes Yes
.an  Netherlands Antilles Dissolved as of October 10, 2010 Local presence required   No Yes
.ao  Angola       No  
.aq  Antarctica Antarctique Defined by the Antarctic Treaty as everything south of latitude 60°S. AQ domain names are available to government organisations who are signatories to the Antarctic Treaty and to other registrants who have a physical presence in Antarctica.   No Yes
.ar  Argentina       No No
.as  American Samoa       No Yes
.at  Austria     Yes No Yes
.au  Australia   Includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands. ABN required.   No No
.aw  Aruba       No Yes
.ax  Åland       No Yes
.az  Azerbaijan       No Yes
.ba  Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosna i Hercegovina     No Yes
.bb  Barbados       No Yes
.bd  Bangladesh       No No
.be  Belgium   (Also unofficially used in the canton of Berne, Switzerland)   Yes Yes
.bf  Burkina Faso       No Yes
.bg  Bulgaria     Yes[a 1] Yes Yes
.bh  Bahrain       No Yes
.bi  Burundi       No Yes
.bj  Benin       No Yes
.bm  Bermuda   Local corporate registration required   No Yes
.bn  Brunei Darussalam       No No
.bo  Bolivia       No Yes
.br  Brazil   Restricted. Registration is done under several categories (i.e.: .com.br for businesses, .gov.br for government agencies, etc.)[3] Yes[4] Yes No
.bs  Bahamas       No Yes
.bt  Bhutan       No No
.bv  Bouvet Island   Not in use (Norwegian dependency; see .no). No No No
.bw  Botswana       No Yes
.by  Belarus       No Yes
.bz  Belize       Yes Yes
.ca  Canada   Subject to Canadian Presence Requirements.   No Yes
.cc  Cocos (Keeling) Islands   (Australian territory: do not confuse with Cocos islands in Guam. Also used as a free domain service to the public as co.cc, cx.cc, cz.cc, or uni.cc domain.)   No Yes
.cd  Democratic Republic of the Congo       No Yes
.cf  Central African Republic       No Yes
.cg  Republic of the Congo       No Yes
.ch   Switzerland Confoederatio Helvetica (Latin)     Yes Yes
.ci  Côte d'Ivoire       No Yes
.ck  Cook Islands       No Yes
.cl  Chile   Domain registrations require local presence in Chile. Yes Yes Yes
.cm  Cameroon       No Yes
.cn  People's Republic of China   Registration allowed worldwide. Hong Kong and Macau also maintain TLDs.   No Yes
.co  Colombia       Yes Yes
.cr  Costa Rica       No Yes
.cs  Czechoslovakia Česko-Slovenská Federatívna Republika Czecho-Slovakia domain is not in use since 1993   No No
.cu  Cuba       No Yes
.cv  Cape Verde       No Yes
.cx  Christmas Island       No Yes
.cy  Cyprus       No No
.cz  Czech Republic       Yes Yes
.de  Germany Deutschland German postal address for administrative contact (admin-c) required Yes[a 2] Yes Yes
.dj  Djibouti       No Yes
.dk  Denmark     Yes[a 3] Yes Yes
.dm  Dominica       No Yes
.do  Dominican Republic       No Yes
.dz  Algeria Dzayer     No Yes
.ec  Ecuador       No Yes
.ee  Estonia Eesti Anyone can register but local administrative contact is required.   No Yes
.eg  Egypt       No Yes
.er  Eritrea       No No
.es  Spain España     No Yes
.et  Ethiopia       No No
.eu  European Union   Restricted to institutions (under the .europa.eu subdomain), companies, and individuals in the European Union (or in other overseas or autonomous regions of member countries). Yes[a 4] Yes Yes
.fi  Finland   Limited to companies and organizations registered in Finland and Finnish nationals.   Yes Yes
.fj  Fiji       No Yes
.fk  Falkland Islands       No No
.fm  Federated States of Micronesia     No Yes
.fo  Faroe Islands Føroyar     No Yes
.fr  France   Can only be used by organisations or persons with a presence in France   Yes Yes
.ga  Gabon       No Yes
.gb  United Kingdom Great Britain Seldom used; the primary ccTLD used is .uk for United Kingdom.   No No
.gd  Grenada       No Yes
.ge  Georgia       No Yes
.gf  French Guiana     No  
.gg  Guernsey       No Yes
.gh  Ghana       No No
.gi  Gibraltar       Yes Yes
.gl  Greenland       No Yes
.gm  The Gambia       No Yes
.gn  Guinea       No No
.gp  Guadeloupe   Still used for Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin   No Yes
.gq  Equatorial Guinea Guinée Équatoriale     No  
.gr  Greece       Yes Yes
.gs  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands       No Yes
.gt  Guatemala       No No
.gu  Guam       No No
.gw  Guinea-Bissau       No Yes
.gy  Guyana       No No
.hk  Hong Kong   Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. Yes No Yes
.hm  Heard Island and McDonald Islands       No Yes
.hn  Honduras       Yes Yes
.hr  Croatia Hrvatska     No Yes
.ht  Haiti       No Yes
.hu  Hungary       No Yes
.id  Indonesia       No No
.ie  Ireland
 Northern Ireland		 Éire / Tuaisceart Éireann Only available for Ireland registered brands and companies. Foreign companies can register if doing business in Ireland or provide TM.[clarification needed] Since 2007 personal names are allowed to be registered subject to guidelines.   No Yes
.il  Israel     Yes No No
.im  Isle of Man       No Yes
.in  India   Under INRegistry since April 2005 (except: gov.in, nic.in, mil.in, ac.in, edu.in, res.in).   Yes Yes
.io  British Indian Ocean Territory       Yes Yes
.iq  Iraq       No Yes
.ir  Iran     Yes No Yes
.is  Iceland Ísland   Yes No Yes
.it  Italy   Restricted to companies and individuals in the European Union.   No Yes
.je  Jersey       No Yes
.jm  Jamaica       No No
.jo  Jordan       No Yes
.jp  Japan   Restricted to individuals or companies with a physical address in Japan.   Yes Yes
.ke  Kenya       No Yes
.kg  Kyrgyzstan       Yes Yes
.kh  Cambodia Khmer, former Kâmpŭchea     No No
.ki  Kiribati       No Yes
.km  Comoros Komori     No Yes
.kn  Saint Kitts and Nevis       No Yes
.kp  North Korea       No No
.kr  South Korea     Yes No Yes
.kw  Kuwait       No No
.ky  Cayman Islands   Restricted to qualified Cayman entities[5]   No Yes
.kz  Kazakhstan       No Yes
.la  Laos   Currently being marketed as the unofficial domain for Los Angeles[6]   Yes Yes
.lb  Lebanon   Restricted to registration with a company in Lebanon   No No
.lc  Saint Lucia       Yes Yes
.li  Liechtenstein       Yes Yes
.lk  Sri Lanka       Yes Yes
.lr  Liberia       Partial[7] No
.ls  Lesotho       No Yes
.lt  Lithuania       No Yes
.lu  Luxembourg     Yes Yes Yes
.lv  Latvia       No Yes
.ly  Libya       No Yes
.ma  Morocco Maroc     No Yes
.mc  Monaco       No Yes
.md  Moldova       No Yes
.me  Montenegro       Yes Yes
.mg  Madagascar       No Yes
.mh  Marshall Islands       No  
.mk  Republic of Macedonia Makedonija     No Yes
.ml  Mali       No Yes
.mm  Myanmar       No No
.mn  Mongolia   Some second-level domains are reserved for special use .mn[clarification needed]   Yes Yes
.mo  Macau   Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China.   No Yes
.mp  Northern Mariana Islands       No Yes
.mq  Martinique     No No
.mr  Mauritania       No Yes
.ms  Montserrat       No Yes
.mt  Malta       No No
.mu  Mauritius       No Yes
.mv  Maldives       No Yes
.mw  Malawi       No Yes
.mx  Mexico       No Yes
.my  Malaysia   Restricted to registration by a company in Malaysia   Yes Yes
.mz  Mozambique       No No
.na  Namibia       Yes Yes
.nc  New Caledonia       No Yes
.ne  Niger       No Yes
.nf  Norfolk Island       No Yes
.ng  Nigeria       No Yes
.ni  Nicaragua       No No
.nl  Netherlands   First official country TLD that was assigned to a country. No Yes Yes
.no  Norway   Restricted to registration by a company in Norway. Individuals in the country can only register under .priv.no.   No Yes
.np    Nepal   Restricted to registration by a company in Nepal. Individuals in the country can only register under   No No
.nr  Nauru       No Yes
.nu  Niue   Commonly used by Danish, Dutch and Swedish websites, because in those languages "nu" means "now". Yes Yes Yes
.nz  New Zealand     Yes[a 5] No No
.om  Oman       No No
.pa  Panama       No No
.pe  Peru     Yes[a 6] No Yes
.pf  French Polynesia Polynésie française With Clipperton Island   No Yes
.pg  Papua New Guinea       No No
.ph  Philippines       No Yes
.pk  Pakistan   Operated by PKNIC since 1992.   No Yes
.pl  Poland     Yes[a 7] No[8] Yes
.pm  Saint-Pierre and Miquelon       Yes Yes
.pn  Pitcairn Islands       No Yes
.pr  Puerto Rico       Yes Yes
.ps  Palestinian territories   West Bank and Gaza Strip.   No Yes
.pt  Portugal     Yes[a 8] Yes Yes
.pw  Palau Pelew     No Yes
.py  Paraguay       No No
.qa  Qatar       No No
.re  Réunion   restricted to Réunion's inhabitants owning a brand and to companies having an address in Réunion   Yes Yes
.ro  Romania       No Yes
.rs  Serbia Republika Srbija     No Yes
.ru  Russia   (See also .su, still in use.)   No Yes
.rw  Rwanda       No Yes
.sa  Saudi Arabia       No No
.sb  Solomon Islands British Solomon Islands     No No
.sc  Seychelles       Yes Yes
.sd  Sudan       No Yes
.se  Sweden     Yes[a 9] Yes Yes
.sg  Singapore       No Yes
.sh  Saint Helena     Yes[a 10] Yes Yes
.si  Slovenia Slovenija     No Yes
.sj  Svalbard and  Jan Mayen Islands   Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no). No No No
.sk  Slovakia Slovensko (Slovenská republika) Restricted to Slovakian companies, organisations and citizens   No Yes
.sl  Sierra Leone       No Yes
.sm  San Marino   Domain name must be same as company name or trademark   No Yes
.sn  Senegal       No Yes
.so  Somalia     Relaunched on November 1, 2010 No No Yes
.sr  Suriname       No Yes
.st  São Tomé and Príncipe       No Yes
.su  Soviet Union   Still in Use. Yes[a 11] No Yes
.sv  El Salvador       No No
.sy  Syria       No Yes
.sz  Swaziland       No No
.tc  Turks and Caicos Islands       No Yes
.td  Chad Tchad Chadian (.td) domains are available for registration to entities connected with Chad only.   No Yes
.tf  French Southern and Antarctic Lands   Seldom used.   Yes Yes
.tg  Togo       No Yes
.th  Thailand     Yes Yes No
.tj  Tajikistan       No Yes
.tk  Tokelau   Also used as a free domain service to the public.   No Yes
.tl  East Timor Timor-Leste Old code .tp is still in use.   No Yes
.tm  Turkmenistan     Yes[a 12] Yes Yes
.tn  Tunisia       No Yes
.to  Tonga   Often used unofficially for Torrent, Toronto, or Tokyo Yes No Yes
.tp  East Timor Timor Português ISO code has changed to TL; .tl is now assigned but .tp is still in use.   No Yes
.tr  Turkey   .nc.tr used by Northern Cyprus Yes[a 13] No Yes
.tt  Trinidad and Tobago       No Yes
.tv  Tuvalu   Used as an abbreviation of television, the domain is currently operated by dotTV, a VeriSign company; the Tuvalu government owns twenty percent of the company.   No Yes
.tw  Republic of China (Taiwan)   Registration allowed worldwide, local presence not required. Yes[a 14] No Yes
.tz  Tanzania   Must have a presence in Tanzania   No No
.ua  Ukraine   Ukrainian trademark required   No Yes
.ug  Uganda       No Yes
.uk  United Kingdom   ISO 3166-1 code is gb, but .uk is used for historical reasons   Yes No
.us  United States of America (Commonly used by U.S. State and local governments instead of .gov TLD.)   Yes Yes
.uy  Uruguay       No No
.uz  Uzbekistan       No Yes
.va  Vatican City   Limited to the official sites of the Vatican/Holy See   No No
.vc  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines       Partial[7] Yes
.ve  Venezuela       No No
.vg  British Virgin Islands       No Yes
.vi  U.S. Virgin Islands       No Yes
.vn  Vietnam     Yes[a 15] No Yes
.vu  Vanuatu       No Yes
.wf  Wallis and Futuna       Yes Yes
.ws  Samoa Formerly Western Samoa   Yes No No
.ye  Yemen       No No
.yt  Mayotte       Yes Yes
.za  South Africa Zuid-Afrika     No No
.zm  Zambia       No No
.zw  Zimbabwe       No No

Notes

  1. ^ in addition to ASCII, only Cyrillic letters from the Bulgarian language are accepted
  2. ^ 93 non-ASCII characters, see details
  3. ^ (January 1, 2004), (æ, ø, å, ö, ä, ü, & é): see details
  4. ^ Supported characters (latin, greek, cyrillic): [1]
  5. ^ (July 26, 2010) for Māori macrons ā, ē, ī, ō and ū. see New Zealand
  6. ^ (December 8, 2007): see Peru
  7. ^ (September 11, 2003): [2]
  8. ^ (July 1, 2005) for Portuguese characters
  9. ^ (October 2003), for Swedish characters, summer 2007 also for Finnish, Meänkieli, Romani, Sami, and Yiddish: see details
  10. ^ [3]
  11. ^ (April 28, 2008) see [4]
  12. ^ [5]
  13. ^ (November 14, 2006): see [6]
  14. ^ Traditional Chinese characters: see [7]
  15. ^ [8]

Internationalized country code top-level domains

DNS name IDN ccTLD Country Transliteration Script Other ccTLD DNSSEC
xn--lgbbat1ad8j الجزائر.  Algeria al-jaza'ir Arabic .dz No
xn--fiqs8s .中国 [b 1]  China zhōngguó Simplified Chinese characters .cn No
xn--fiqz9s .中國 [b 2]  China zhōngguó Traditional Chinese characters .cn No
xn--wgbh1c مصر.  Egypt masr [9] Arabic .eg No
xn--j6w193g .香港  Hong Kong hoeng1 gong2 Traditional Chinese characters .hk No
xn--h2brj9c .भारत  India bhārat Devanagari .in No
xn--mgbbh1a71e بھارت.  India bhārat Urdu .in No
xn--fpcrj9c3d .భారత్  India bhārat Telugu .in No
xn--gecrj9c .ભારત  India bhārat Gujarati .in No
xn--s9brj9c .ਭਾਰਤ  India bhārat Gurmukhi .in No
xn--xkc2dl3a5ee0h .இந்தியா  India inthiyaa Tamil .in No
xn--45brj9c .ভারত  India bhārat Bengali .in No
xn--mgba3a4f16a ایران.  Iran īrān Persian .ir No
xn--mgbayh7gpa الاردن.  Jordan al'urdun Arabic .jo No
xn--mgbc0a9azcg المغرب.  Morocco al-maghrib Arabic .ma No
xn--ygbi2ammx فلسطين.  Palestinian Territory filastīn Arabic .ps No
xn--wgbl6a قطر.  Qatar Qatar Arabic .qa No
xn--p1ai .рф  Russia RF Cyrillic .ru No
xn--mgberp4a5d4ar السعودية.  Saudi Arabia as-saʢūdiyyah Arabic .sa No
xn--90a3ac .срб  Serbia srb Cyrillic .rs No
xn--yfro4i67o .新加坡  Singapore Xīnjiāpō/Sin-ka-po Chinese .sg No
xn--clchc0ea0b2g2a9gcd .சிங்கப்பூர்  Singapore cinkappūr Tamil .sg No
xn--3e0b707e .한국  South Korea hangūk̚ Hangul .kr No
xn--fzc2c9e2c .ලංකා [b 3]  Sri Lanka lanka Sinhala language .lk Partial[7]
xn--xkc2al3hye2a .இலங்கை [b 4]  Sri Lanka ilangai Tamil .lk Partial[7]
xn--mgbtf8fl سوريا.  Syria sūryā Arabic .sy No
xn--kprw13d .台湾 [b 1]  Taiwan táiwān/tâi-oân Simplified Chinese characters .tw No
xn--kpry57d .台灣 [b 2]  Taiwan táiwān/tâi-oân .tw No
xn--o3cw4h .ไทย  Thailand thai Thai script .th No
xn--pgbs0dh تونس.  Tunisia tūnis Arabic .tn No
xn--mgbaam7a8h امارات.  United Arab Emirates imārāt Arabic .ae No

Notes

  1. ^ a b Simplified Chinese characters
  2. ^ a b Traditional Chinese characters
  3. ^ Sinhala language
  4. ^ Tamil language

Proposed internationalized ccTLDs

The following ccTLDs have been requested using a procedure known as IDN ccTLD Fast Track Process.[10]

DNS name IDN ccTLD Country Transliteration Script ccTLD
xn--54b7fta0cc .বাংলা  Bangladesh bangla Bengali .bd String approved
xn--90ae .бг  Bulgaria bg Cyrillic .bg
xn--node .გე  Georgia ge Georgian .ge String approved
xn--4dbrk0ce ישראל.  Israel Israel Hebrew .il
xn--mgb9awbf عمان.  Oman Oman Arabic .om String approved
پاکستان.  Pakistan Arabic .pk String approved
xn--j1amh .укр  Ukraine ukr Cyrillic .ua String approved
xn--mgb2ddes اليمن.  Yemen alyemen Arabic .ye String approved

"String approved" means that the string as such is approved, but the national organisation has not yet been allowed to use it for domain names.

Test TLDs

ICANN created a set of top-level Internationalized domain names in October 2007 for the purpose of testing the use of IDNA in the root zone and within those domains. They are expected to be available for a limited evaluation period.[11][12] Each of these TLDs encodes a word meaning "test" in the respective language.[12][13]

Each of these domains contains only one site with the word example encoded in the respective script and language. These example.test sites are test wikis used by ICANN.

TLD Transliteration Language Script Link to test site
DNS name Script version
xn--kgbechtv إختبار ik͡htibār Arabic Arabic http://مثال.إختبار
xn--hgbk6aj7f53bba آزمایشی ậzmạy̰sẖy Persian Perso-Arabic http://مثال.آزمایشی
xn--0zwm56d 测试 cèshì Chinese Simplified Chinese http://例子.测试
xn--g6w251d 測試 cèshì Chinese Traditional Chinese http://例子.測試
xn--80akhbyknj4f испытание ispytánije Russian Cyrillic http://пример.испытание
xn--11b5bs3a9aj6g परीक्षा parīkṣā Hindi Devanagari http://उदाहरण.परीक्षा
xn--jxalpdlp δοκιμή dokimé Greek Greek http://παράδειγμα.δοκιμή
xn--9t4b11yi5a 테스트 teseuteu Korean Hangul http://실례.테스트
xn--deba0ad טעסט test Yiddish Hebrew http://בײַשפּיל.טעסט
xn--zckzah テスト tesuto Japanese Kanji, Hiragana, Katakana http://例え.テスト
xn--hlcj6aya9esc7a பரிட்சை pariṭcai Tamil Tamil http://உதாரணம்.பரிட்சை

Infrastructure top-level domain

Infrastructure Entity Notes DNSSEC
.arpa Address and Routing Parameter Area This is an Internet infrastructure TLD. Yes

See also

References

  1. ^ IANA maintained list of top-level domains
  2. ^ Telnic. "IDN.tel". Retrieved 2010-09-02.
  3. ^ http://registro.br/dominio/dpn.html
  4. ^ (May 9, 2005) for Portuguese (Brazilian) names: see details
  5. ^ ICTA: ky Domain Policies
  6. ^ The Official .LA Registry
  7. ^ a b c d Delegation Signer (DS) record in a root zone is not yet published.
  8. ^ http://www.dns.pl/english/dns_en.xml
  9. ^ http://www.dotmasr.eg/
  10. ^ IDN ccTLD Fast Track String Evaluation Completion, ICANN
  11. ^ IANA Report on Delegation of Eleven Evaluative Internationalised Top-Level Domains
  12. ^ a b IDNwiki, IDN TLD evaluation gateway
  13. ^ My Name, My Language, My Internet: IDN Test Goes Live, 15 October 2007

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