COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia
![]() | This article is about a current disease pandemic where information can change quickly or be unreliable. The latest page updates may not reflect the most up-to-date information. |
2020 coronavirus pandemic in Indonesia | |
---|---|
![]() Map of provinces with Confirmed cases reported Suspected cases reported coronavirus cases (as of 14 March 2020) | |
Disease | COVID-19 |
Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
Location | Indonesia |
Index case | Amigos Restaurant Kemang, Jakarta |
Arrival date | 2 March 2020 (4 years, 6 months and 5 days) |
Confirmed cases | 117 |
Recovered | 8 |
Deaths | 5 |
Government website | |
infeksiemerging |
The 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Indonesia on 2 March 2020.[1][2] As of 14 March, the pandemic has spread to 8 provinces: Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, Bali, West Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, and Banten.[3]
Timeline
The positive cases first confirmed in March are not the first Indonesians to have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In January, an Indonesian maid in Singapore contracted the virus from her employer.[4]
The first confirmed death of coronavirus in the country occurred on 11 March 2020.[5]
2 February
- Indonesian government evacuated 243 Indonesian nationals from Wuhan, China. The repatriated Indonesians were then placed under quarantine in the Natuna Islands.[6] The ministry did not test 238 asymptomatic Indonesians who were evacuated from Wuhan—and were kept in quarantine for 2 weeks[7]
24 February
- 9 Indonesians on board the Diamond Princess tested positive for the virus and were moved to treatment facilities in Japan. The Indonesian government repatriated and then quarantined the remaining 68 crew members, along with the 188 from the World Dream, onto the uninhabited Sebaru Kecil Island in the Thousand Islands off the coast of Jakarta.[8][9]
2 March
- President Joko Widodo confirmed the first two cases of COVID-19 in the country in a televised statement.[10] According to the Minister of Health Terawan Agus Putranto, the patients contracted the virus from an infected Japanese person in Depok who later tested positive in Malaysia.[1] Both Indonesian patients were subsequently hospitalised at Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Pusat Infeksi Sulianti Saroso), North Jakarta.
6 March
- As of 6 March, Indonesia has only tested 450 individuals out of its 270 million population.[11]
7 March
- One of the crew evacuated from the Diamond Princess was suspected of contracting the coronavirus and was subsequently transferred to an isolation unit at Persahabatan Central General Hospital (Indonesian: Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan), East Jakarta.[12]
8 March
- A 50-year-old woman from Jakarta tested positive in Melbourne, Australia. She began showing symptoms two days after flying to Perth from Jakarta on 27 February and saw a GP four days after arriving in Melbourne on 2 March.[13]
- The government of Indonesia announced two more confirmed cases. One patient is infected from close contact with case #1, the other patient is a crew member of the Diamond Princess.[14]
9 March
- Indonesia confirmed 13 new cases of COVID-19 infection, 2 of them are foreigners.[15] Indonesian government decided not to disclose the detection location of the patient and the treatment facility used.
10 March
- 2 patients that previously were confirmed of being positive of the virus were then announced as negative of the virus, concurring an explanation made by an Indonesian government representative. The two patients will be discharged from hospital in the event that assist tests still appears that they are negative of the virus.[16]
- Indonesia confirmed 8 new cases of COVID-19 infection, 2 of them are foreigners.[17]
- A suspected COVID-19 patient (female) flees from Persahabatan Central General Hospital[18][19]. She was later confirmed as positive of the virus, and has returned to the hospital.[20]
11 March
- Case #25 died due to complication.[21] The victim was a British national and died in Bali's hospital.[5]
- Indonesia confirmed 7 new cases of COVID-19 infection, all are imported cases.[22]
12 March
- 5 cases recovered.[23]
- Indonesian Labour Minister Ida Fauziah mandated that all Indonesian companies must provide their employees with coronavirus prevention devices such as face masks and hand sanitizers.[24]
13 March
- 3 coronavirus-linked deaths were reported, 1 case in Solo, Central Java.[25][26] The other two were undisclosed.[27][28]
- Indonesia confirmed 35 new cases of COVID-19 infection, in total of 69 cases.[29]
14 March
- Indonesian government confirmed 27 new cases of COVID-19 infection, in total of 96 cases.[30]
- This date also marks the first time that the government announced the locations with confirmed coronavirus cases. Locations with confirmed coronavirus cases include every districts in Jakarta, Tangerang in Banten, Bandung in West Java, Solo in Central Java, Yogyakarta in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Pontianak in West Kalimantan, Manado in North Sulawesi and Bali.[31]
- 3 further patients had recovered, in total of 8 total patients recovered.[32]
- 1 patient died, in total of 5 deaths. [33]
- First positive COVID-19 medical worker has died on 13 March [34]
- Indonesian Minister of Transportation, Budi Karya Sumadi has tested positive for COVID-19. [35][36] Few days before, on 10 March, Budi Karya is diagnosed with typhus after traveling to Wakatobi, Toraja, Luwuk, Makassar, Parepare, Kertajati, and Indramayu. His travel history included travel to Bandara Internasional Jawa Barat on 1 March that had acted as evacuation center for the repatriated crew of the Diamond Princess. One of the crew of Diamond Princess was tested positive for COVID-19 on 8 March 2020.[37] On 11 March, Budi has also met with Dutch Minister of Infrastructure and Water Management Cora Van Nieuwenhuize.[38]
15 March
- Indonesia confirmed 21 new cases of COVID-19 infection, in total of 117 cases.[39]
Cases
Case | Date | Age | Sex | Nationality | Treatment facility | Source of infection | Detection location | Note | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 March 2020 | 31 | Female | ![]() |
Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital, North Jakarta | Person-to-person spread from a Japanese national. | Depok | Young woman living in Depok, Indonesia. Came into contact with a Japanese national (who later tested positive in Malaysia) in late-February. Confirmed household transmission or person-to person spread.
Tested negative for COVID-19 on 13 March.[40] |
[41] |
2 | 61–64 | Mother of case #1. | |||||||
3 | 6 March 2020 | 33 | Undisclosed | Jakarta | Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread.
Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March.[42] |
[43][44] | |||
4 | 31 | Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread. | |||||||
5 | 8 March 2020 | 55 | Male | [45] | |||||
6 | 39 | Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta | Unknown method on Diamond Princess ship | Sebaru Island, Jakarta | Previously worked at Diamond Princess.
Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March[46], to discharged for self-quarantine.[47] | ||||
7 | 9 March 2020 | 59 | Female | Undisclosed | Unknown method on foreign country. | Undisclosed | Have travel history to other country. | [48][49] | |
8 | 56 | Male | Person-to-person spread. | The spouse of patient #7. | |||||
9 | 55 | Female | Unknown method on foreign country. | Have travel history to other country. | |||||
10 | 29 | Male | Undisclosed | Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital, North Jakarta [50] | Person-to-person spread. | Foreigner.
Close contact with case #1.
| |||
11 | 54 | Female | Foreigner.
Close contact with case #1. | ||||||
12 | 31 | Male | ![]() |
Undisclosed | Close contact with case #1. | ||||
13 | 16 | Female | Close contact with case #3. | ||||||
14 | 50 | Male | Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta | Unknown method on foreign country. | Have travel history to other country.
| ||||
15 | 43 | Female | Undisclosed | Have travel history to other country. | |||||
16 | 17 | Person-to-person spread. | Close contact with patient #15. | ||||||
17 | 56 | Male | Unknown method on foreign country. | Have travel history to other country. | |||||
18 | 55 | ||||||||
19 | 49 | Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta | Have travel history to other country. [52]
| ||||||
20 | 10 March 2020 | 70 | Female | ![]() |
Undisclosed | Unknown method spread on Jakarta Area [54] | Undisclosed | Close contact with case #1. [52] | [55][56] |
21 | 47 | Close contact with case #1. [52] | |||||||
22 | 36 | Unknown method on foreign country. | |||||||
23 | 73 | Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital, North Jakarta [57] | |||||||
24 | 46 | Male | Undisclosed | ||||||
25 | 53 | Female | ![]() |
Sanglah Central General Hospital, Denpasar[5] | Bali | Died on 11 March 2020 at 02:45 (UTC+08:00) due to complication.[21][59][5] First person to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory. | |||
26 | 46 | Male | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Case #26 is a foreigner. | |||
27 | 33 | ![]() |
Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital, North Jakarta [60] | First possible community transmission [61] | Close contact with case #20. [62] | ||||
28 | 11 March 2020 | 37 | Male | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Unknown method on foreign country. | Undisclosed | [22][63] | |
29 | 51 | ||||||||
30 | 84 | ||||||||
31 | 48 | Female | |||||||
32 | 45 | Male | |||||||
33 | 29 | ||||||||
34 | 42 | ||||||||
35 | 13 March 2020 | 57 | Female | ![]() |
Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Died on 13 March 2020. | [64][65] |
36 | 37 | Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital, North Jakarta | Jakarta | Died on 13 March 2020. | |||||
37 | 43 | Male | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | ||||
38 | 80 | Female | |||||||
39 | 54 | Male | |||||||
40 | 46 | Female | |||||||
41 | 40 | Male | |||||||
42 | 66 | ||||||||
43 | 34 | ||||||||
44 | 57 | ||||||||
45 | 29 | Female | |||||||
46 | 30 | Male | |||||||
47 | 61 | ||||||||
48 | 35 | ||||||||
49 | 3 | ||||||||
50 | 59 | Muwardi Hospital, Solo | Undisclosed | Solo, Central Java | Died on 12 March 2020; later tested positive for COVID-19 on 13 March 2020.[66] First Indonesian citizen to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory. | ||||
51 | 60 | Male | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | ||||
52 | 59 | Female | |||||||
53 | 24 | Close contact with case #22. [52] | |||||||
54 | 2 | Male | |||||||
55 | 26 | Female | |||||||
56 | 58 | Male | |||||||
57 | 27 | Female | |||||||
58 | 51 | Male | |||||||
59 | 63 | ||||||||
60 | 25 | Female | |||||||
61 | 58 | ||||||||
62 | 51 | Male | |||||||
63 | 34 | ||||||||
64 | 49 | Female | |||||||
65 | 48 | Male | |||||||
66 | 73 | ||||||||
67 | 25 | Female | |||||||
68 | 38 | ||||||||
69 | 80 | ||||||||
70-75 | 14 March 2020 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | [67][68] |
76 | 63 | Male | ![]() |
Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital, Jakarta | Jakarta | Budi Karya Sumadi, Indonesian Minister of Transportation. | |||
77-96 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | |||
97-117 | 15 March 2020 | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed | Undisclosed |
Suspected cases
Several travellers who had visited or transited through Bali later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 shortly after their return to China,[69] Japan,[70] New Zealand,[71] and Singapore.[72]
An additional 50-70 people were put under surveillance after coming into contact with the first two confirmed COVID-19 patients. This number includes those who had visited Rumah Sakit Mitra Keluarga Depok, the hospital the two confirmed patients were previously admitted to before being transferred to North Jakarta.[73][74]
A 37-year-old man who died in a hospital in Semarang suspected of having COVID-19 reportedly tested negative, and was instead afflicted by swine flu, probably picked up from recent travels to Spain.[75]
Additionally, suspected cases have also been reported in North Sumatra, Riau[76], Riau Islands[77], Aceh[78], Banten[79] and Yogyakarta.[80]
On 13 March, a woman who was being treated as a suspect to have contracted COVID-19 has died in Padang's hospital.[81] The patient suspected of having COVID-19 after returning from Umrah.[81]
Responses
Central government
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Emerging_Infection_Diseases_Treatment_Facilities_List_in_Indonesia.jpg/220px-Emerging_Infection_Diseases_Treatment_Facilities_List_in_Indonesia.jpg)
Indonesia banned all flights from and to Mainland China starting from 5 February. The government also stopped giving free visa and visa on arrival for Chinese nationals. Those who live or have stayed in Mainland China in the previous 14 days have been barred from entering or transiting through Indonesia. Indonesians are discouraged from travelling to China.[83]
Starting on 8 March, travel restrictions expanded to include South Korea, Italy, and Iran, where visitors from these three countries have to provide a valid health certificate.[84] Despite the restriction on travelers from South Korea, Indonesia is still allowing flights from South Korea.[85]
The Ministry of Health directed the installation of thermal scanners for at least 135 airport gates and port docks,[86][87] and announced that provisioning over 100 hospitals with isolation rooms (to WHO recommended standards) would begin.[88] Starting on 4 March, Jakarta MRT also began scanning the temperature of passengers entering the stations and denying access to those with symptoms of high fever.[89] After the first victim died, the Indonesian government admitted that they have difficulties in detect incoming imported cases on airports, doing contact tracing and also location history for each case.[90]
The Indonesian government plans to turn a site on Galang Island, previously used as a refugee camp for Vietnamese asylum seekers into a 1,000-bed medical facility specially equipped to handle the coronavirus outbreak and other infectious diseases.[91]
On 13 March, the government designated 132 treatment facilities across Indonesia.[92] The government also established COVID-19 Task Force, coordinated by Indonesia National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) that involves Indonesian Health Ministry, Indonesian National Police, and Indonesian Armed Forces.[93] Doni Monardo has been appointed to lead this team.[94]
Regional government
Jakarta
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Jakarta_COVID-19_Location.jpg/220px-Jakarta_COVID-19_Location.jpg)
In response to the confirmed cases, Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan halted the issuance of permits for large gatherings.[96] These including concerts by Foals, Babymetal, Head in the Clouds, and Dream Theater.[97][98]
It has been advised that schools and colleges implement cautionary holidays for their students to prevent an outbreak.[99]
On the same day, after 69 positive COVID-19 cases, several tourist destinations in Jakarta including Ancol Dreamland, multiple government-managed museums, Ragunan Zoo and Monas was closed for 2 weeks.[100][101][102] The Islamic organisation Muhammadiyah formed a "command centre" allocating 20 hospitals in the country to handle the outbreak, with the centre being led by emergency medicine specialist Corona Rintawan.[103]
On 14 March, Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan decided to suspend all school activities and examinations for two weeks in response to prevent further spread of the virus in the capital city of Jakarta.[104]
Banten
On 15 March, Governor of Banten Wahidin Halim declares "extraordinary event" and decides to close all schools for 2 weeks.[105]
West Java
On 14 March, the city of Depok and Bogor decided to close all schools from kindergarten to senior high school until 28 March 2020.[106][107]
Central Java
On 13 March, the city of Solo in Central Java decided to closed all primary schools (SD) and junior high schools (SMP) for next 2 weeks, after three positive cases are found in the city.[108] The mayor of Solo F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo has also declared that the area is under "extraordinary event".[109] On the same day, the Regency of Sragen decided to close all schools from kindergarten to junior high school throughout the regency for at least a week, while closure of senior high school in the regency would be decided by the provincial government.[110]
On 14 March, Central Java governor Ganjar Pranowo decided to close all kindergarten to junior high schools at the province. High schools would remain open during the examination season.[111]
Others
Universities
In response of the outbreak, multiple universities opted to cancel classes and instead would teach students online.
On 14 March, at least 16 universities across Indonesia confirmed that conventional face-to-face lectures would be cancelled and would be replaced by online classes. Graduations and gatherings were cancelled and students and lecturers who had gone abroad from countries with confirmed coronavirus cases with any reasons should self-isolate at home. As of 14 March, numerous universities have closed their classes, such as Universitas Indonesia (UI), Universitas Gajah Mada (UGM), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Universitas Gunadharma, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara (UMN), Sekolah Tinggi Akuntansi Negara (STAN), Kalbis Institut, Binus University, Universitas Atmajaya, London School Public Relations (LSPR), Universitas Yarsi, Universitas Pelita Harapan (UPH), Telkom University, Universitas Tarumanegara (UNTAR), Insitut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), and Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia (UAI)[112][113][114][115]
Private
On 15 March, Unilever Indonesia announced work-from-home policy for their office site, this policy will be started on 16 March until further notice.[116]
Indonesia state-owned companies (BUMN) have instructed its employees aged 50 upwards to work at home starting on 16 March 2020.[117]
Criticism
Failure to detect the virus
Health experts are concerned that the country is failing to identify the transmission of the virus.[118] Marc Lipsitch, professor of epidemiology at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, "analysed air traffic out of the Chinese city at the centre of the outbreak in China and suggested in a report ... that Indonesia might have missed cases" of coronavirus disease 2019.[119][120][121] Western diplomats[122][123][124] as well as local[118][125] and international[126][127][128] news outlets postulated that the lack of cases within Indonesia result from inadequate testing and under reporting, as opposed to sheer luck and divine intervention.[129][130]
Budget for foreign social media influencers
The government faced backlash after instead pledging to set aside IDR 72 billion ($5m) to pay for social media influencers to attract tourists to Indonesia.[131]
Lack of transparency
Indonesian president Joko Widodo is also criticised by Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry[132], human rights groups[133], and also by political party such as Golkar and Partai Keadilan Sejahtera[134] [135] for lack of transparency regarding the information of the COVID-19. Widodo have insisted not to share the travel history details of the patients that tested positive with coronavirus in an attempt to reduce panic and uneasiness in the general public. [136]
Impact
Socioeconomic
Surgical face masks in Indonesia have soared in price by over six times the original retail value from around IDR 30,000 to IDR 185,000 (some sources stated it exceeds IDR 300,000) per box in some outlets after the announcement of two citizens test positive for the new coronavirus.[137] Panic buying had been reported since mid-February before the first cases were confirmed.[138] President of Indonesia Joko Widodo has warned against hoarding of face masks and hand sanitizers[139] and Indonesian National Police has started to crack down on suspected hoarders.[140]
Economic
Following the worldwide trend of stock price drops, the IDX Composite weakened even before the first confirmation of the disease in Indonesia.[141] In response to expected economic slowdown in Indonesia due to loss of Chinese economic activity, Bank Indonesia cut its interest rates by 25 basis points to 4.75% on 20 February.[142]
On 12 March, as WHO declares pandemic, IDX Composite tumbled 4.2 percent to 4,937 when Thursday's session was opened, a level unseen in almost four years.[143]
On 13 March, equity trading halted for first time since 2008 over pandemic.[144]
Tourism & leisure
Indonesian tourism is also suffering the effect, with Bali suffering a 33% drop in tourism arrivals when compared to January, and a steep 96% reduction of Chinese travellers. Hotels are taking on an exceptionally low occupancy rate, with some hotels experiencing 5% and even 0% occupancy rate due to overspecialization on Chinese visitors, increasing travel restrictions from source countries, and an overall fear of the virus.[145] There is however an increase in interest for domestic tourism,[146] and Chinese tourists already on the island have generally opted to extend their stay.[147]
Jakarta ePrix race of the 2019–20 Formula E season will also be postponed due to coronavirus concerns.[148] The city's Capital Investment and One-Stop Service (PM-PTSP) announced it plans to postpone any public events with mass-gatherings from March to April following the news of increasing number of COVID-19 cases to 27.[149]
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