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Eurovision Song Contest 1994

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Eurovision Song Contest 1994
Dates
Final30 April 1994
Host
VenuePoint Theatre,
Dublin, Ireland
Presenter(s)Cynthia Ní Mhurchú
Gerry Ryan
Musical directorNoel Kelehan
Directed byPatrick Cowap
Executive supervisorChristian Clausen
Executive producerMoya Doherty
Host broadcasterRadio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ)
Websiteeurovision.tv/event/dublin-1994 Edit this at Wikidata
Participants
Number of entries25
Debuting countries
Returning countriesNone
Non-returning countries
  • A coloured map of the countries of EuropeBelgium in the Eurovision Song ContestItaly in the Eurovision Song ContestNetherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Monaco in the Eurovision Song ContestLuxembourg in the Eurovision Song ContestSpain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Denmark in the Eurovision Song ContestFinland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Israel in the Eurovision Song ContestGreece in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Malta in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Turkey in the Eurovision Song ContestYugoslavia in the Eurovision Song ContestMorocco in the Eurovision Song ContestCyprus in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Iceland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Croatia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Slovenia in the Eurovision Song ContestEstonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Slovakia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Lithuania in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Poland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1994
         Participating countries     Countries that participated in the past but not in 1994
Vote
Voting systemEach country awarded 12, 10, 8-1 point(s) to their 10 favourite songs
Winning song Ireland
"Rock 'n' Roll Kids"
1993 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1995

The Eurovision Song Contest 1994 was the 39th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Dublin, Ireland, following the country's victory at the 1993 contest with the song "In Your Eyes" by Niamh Kavanagh. It was the first time that any country had hosted the contest two years in a row. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), the contest was held at the Point Theatre on 30 April 1994. It was presented by Irish television and radio presenters Cynthia Ní Mhurchú and Gerry Ryan. This remains the last time that the contest has been held in a month other than May.

Twenty-five countries participated in the contest, equalling the record of the 1993 edition. A total of seven countries took part in the contest for the first time; Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia and Slovakia. To cope with the increasing number of countries wishing to participate in the contest, the EBU ruled that the seven lowest-placed countries from the preceding year's contest could not participate. Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Israel, Luxembourg, Slovenia and Turkey were therefore relegated based on these new rules. However, due to the withdrawal of Italy, Cyprus avoided relegation. Italy would not return to the contest until three years later.[1] Luxembourg would return 3 decades later.

For the third time in a row Ireland won the contest with the song "Rock 'n' Roll Kids", performed by Paul Harrington and Charlie McGettigan, and written by Brendan Graham. Never before had a country won 3 times in a row in the history of the contest. At the same time, it was also a record sixth win, cementing Ireland as the country with the most wins in Eurovision history. Poland, Germany, Hungary and Malta rounded out the top five. Poland achieved the best result for a debut entry since 1957, and would remain as the record holder in that regard until 2007.

For the first time in Eurovision history, voting was done via satellite instead of by telephone, and as a result, viewers could see the spokespeople onscreen.[2]

Location

The Point Theatre, Dublin – host venue of the 1994 contest.

Ireland hosted the contest for the fifth time after winning the 1993 contest in Millstreet. Dublin was chosen to be the host city, making it the fourth time that the Eurovision Song Contest was staged in the Irish capital. For the first time, the venue for the contest was the Point Theatre located on the North Wall Quay of the River Liffey, amongst the Dublin Docklands.

Participating countries

Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest

In order to allow new countries to participate in the contest, a relegation system was announced by the EBU in summer of 1993. The bottom seven countries from the 1993 contest were prevented from participating to allow seven new countries to make their debut. As the seven countries to place the lowest the previous year, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Israel, Luxembourg, Slovenia and Turkey were the countries to take part in the first relegation, to make room for entries from Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Russia and Slovakia.[3][4] Italy subsequently declined to participate in the 1994 contest, allowing Cyprus, as the highest-placed relegated country in 1993, to be readmitted.[4]

With the exception of Ireland, each performance had a conductor who directed the orchestra.[4][5] Ireland's Noel Kelehan, the musical director and a Eurovision veteran, conducted the songs from three countries, but not his home country's song.[a]

Participants of the Eurovision Song Contest 1994[4][5][6][7]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Petra Frey "Für den Frieden der Welt" German
Hermann Weindorf
 Bosnia and Herzegovina RTVBiH Alma and Dejan "Ostani kraj mene" Bosnian
Sinan Alimanović
 Croatia HRT Tony Cetinski "Nek' ti bude ljubav sva" Croatian
  • Željen Klašterka
  • Željko Krznarić
 Miljenko Prohaska
 Cyprus CyBC Evridiki "Ime anthropos ki ego" (Είμαι άνθρωπος κι εγώ) Greek George Theofanous George Theofanous
 Estonia ETV Silvi Vrait "Nagu merelaine" Estonian
Urmas Lattikas
 Finland YLE CatCat "Bye Bye Baby" Finnish[b]
  • Markku "Make" Lentonen
  • Kari Salli
 Olli Ahvenlahti
 France France Télévision Nina Morato "Je suis un vrai garçon" French
Alain Goraguer
 Germany MDR[c] Mekado "Wir geben 'ne Party" German[b]
Norbert Daum
 Greece ERT Kostas Bigalis and the Sea Lovers "To trehandiri (Diri Diri)" (Το τρεχαντήρι (Ντίρι Ντίρι)) Greek Kostas Bigalis Noel Kelehan
 Hungary MTV Friderika "Kinek mondjam el vétkeimet?" Hungarian Szilveszter Jenei Péter Wolf
 Iceland RÚV Sigga "Nætur" Icelandic
Frank McNamara
 Ireland RTÉ Paul Harrington and Charlie McGettigan "Rock 'n' Roll Kids" English Brendan Graham No conductor
 Lithuania LRT Ovidijus Vyšniauskas "Lopšinė mylimai" Lithuanian
Tomas Leiburas
 Malta PBS Moira Stafrace and Christopher Scicluna "More than Love" English
Anthony Chircop
 Netherlands NOS Willeke Alberti "Waar is de zon" Dutch
  • Coot van Doesburgh
  • Edwin Schimscheimer
 Harry van Hoof
 Norway NRK Elisabeth Andreasson and Jan Werner Danielsen "Duett" Norwegian
Pete Knutsen
 Poland TVP Edyta Górniak "To nie ja!" Polish[d]
  • Jacek Cygan
  • Stanisław Syrewicz
 Noel Kelehan
 Portugal RTP Sara "Chamar a música" Portuguese
Thilo Krasmann
 Romania TVR Dan Bittman "Dincolo de nori" Romanian
Noel Kelehan
 Russia RTR Youddiph "Vechny strannik"[e] (Вечный странник) Russian
Lev Zemlinski
 Slovakia STV Martin Ďurinda and Tublatanka "Nekonečná pieseň" Slovak
Vladimír Valovič
 Spain TVE Alejandro Abad "Ella no es ella" Spanish Alejandro Abad Josep Llobell
 Sweden SVT Marie Bergman and Roger Pontare "Stjärnorna" Swedish
  • Peter Bertilsson
  • Mikael Littwold
 Anders Berglund
  Switzerland SRG SSR Duilio "Sto pregando" Italian Giuseppe Scaramella Valeriano Chiaravalle
 United Kingdom BBC Frances Ruffelle "We Will Be Free (Lonely Symphony)" English
  • George De Angelis
  • Mark Dean
 Michael Reed

Returning artists

Artist Country Previous year(s)
Evridiki  Cyprus 1983 (backing singer for Stavros and Constantina), 1987 (backing singer for Alexia), 1992
Sigga  Iceland 1990 (part of Stjórnin), 1992 (member of Heart 2 Heart)
Elisabeth Andreasson (with Jan Werner Danielsen)  Norway 1982 (for  Sweden, member of Chips), 1985 (member of Bobbysocks!)
Marie Bergman (with Roger Pontare)  Sweden 1971 and 1972 (member of Family Four)
Rhonda Heath (backing vocalist for MeKaDo)  Germany 1977 (member of Silver Convention)

Contest overview

The contest took place on 30 April 1994 at 20:00 (IST) and lasted 3 hours and 3 minutes. The show was presented by television and radio presenters Cynthia Ní Mhurchú and Gerry Ryan.[3][4]

The contest opened with a brief film starring Macnas, a popular street group celebrating Walpurgis Night, with a replica Viking longboat sailing through the river Liffey with stars floating in water, fireworks and various caricatures dancing around various central Dublin locations. The cameras then went live to the venue itself, where dancers dressed in white and wearing caricatured heads of well-known Irish figures, arrived on stage carrying European countries’ flags. The presenters entered the stage spectacularly from a bridge which descended from the roof of the theatre.

This year's video postcards had a literary theme, showing contestants reading, fishing and doing other activities around Ireland while others doing in a separate studio (i.e. singing their snippet from their songs, doing photoshoots and others). The stage, by Paula Farrell, was four times larger than the Millstreet stage, and its design which included a city scene of skyscrapers and video screens plus a backdrop of an ever-changing night sky was based upon the concept of what a futuristic Dublin might look like with one remaining constant being the river Liffey. The floor was painted with dark blue reflective paint to give a watery effect resembling Dublin bay.

The interval act was the first-ever performance of the Irish dancing spectacular Riverdance, a then-unknown Irish act which combines folk music with modern dance. After being featured in the contest, Riverdance became a global phenomenon, arguably even eclipsing the popularity of the winning song and remaining popular to this day.[3]

During the dress rehearsal, Polish representative Edyta Górniak broke the contest's rules by singing her song in English. The dress rehearsal is the performance shown to the juries who would select the winner. Only six countries demanded that Poland should be disqualified, though the rules required thirteen countries to complain before Poland could be removed from the competition.[9] The proposed removal did not occur and Poland went on to come 2nd in the contest, the highest placing that any country's debut song had ever achieved until 2007 (the winner in 1956 was Switzerland's second song of the night).[10][11]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1994[4][12]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Sweden Marie Bergman and Roger Pontare "Stjärnorna" 48 13
2  Finland CatCat "Bye Bye Baby" 11 22
3  Ireland Paul Harrington and Charlie McGettigan "Rock 'n' Roll Kids" 226 1
4  Cyprus Evridiki "Ime anthropos ki ego" 51 11
5  Iceland Sigga "Nætur" 49 12
6  United Kingdom Frances Ruffelle "We Will Be Free (Lonely Symphony)" 63 10
7  Croatia Tony Cetinski "Nek' ti bude ljubav sva" 27 16
8  Portugal Sara "Chamar a música" 73 8
9   Switzerland Duilio "Sto pregando" 15 19
10  Estonia Silvi Vrait "Nagu merelaine" 2 24
11  Romania Dan Bittman "Dincolo de nori" 14 21
12  Malta Moira Stafrace and Christopher Scicluna "More than Love" 97 5
13  Netherlands Willeke Alberti "Waar is de zon" 4 23
14  Germany Mekado "Wir geben 'ne Party" 128 3
15  Slovakia Martin Ďurinda and Tublatanka "Nekonečná pieseň" 15 19
16  Lithuania Ovidijus Vyšniauskas "Lopšinė mylimai" 0 25
17  Norway Elisabeth Andreasson and Jan Werner Danielsen "Duett" 76 6
18  Bosnia and Herzegovina Alma and Dejan "Ostani kraj mene" 39 15
19  Greece Kostas Bigalis and the Sea Lovers "To trehandiri (Diri Diri)" 44 14
20  Austria Petra Frey "Für den Frieden der Welt" 19 17
21  Spain Alejandro Abad "Ella no es ella" 17 18
22  Hungary Friderika "Kinek mondjam el vétkeimet?" 122 4
23  Russia Youddiph "Vechny strannik"[e] 70 9
24  Poland Edyta Górniak "To nie ja!" 166 2
25  France Nina Morato "Je suis un vrai garçon" 74 7

Spokespersons

Each country nominated a spokesperson who was responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country.[13] For the first time the spokespersons were connected via satellite rather than through telephone lines, allowing them to appear in vision during the broadcast.[3][14] Spokespersons at the 1994 contest are listed below.[15]

  1.  Sweden – Marianne Anderberg [sv][16]
  2.  Finland – Solveig Herlin
  3.  Ireland – Eileen Dunne[17]
  4.  Cyprus – Anna Partelidou
  5.  Iceland – Sigríður Arnardóttir
  6.  United Kingdom – Colin Berry[14]
  7.  Croatia – Helga Vlahović[18]
  8.  Portugal – Isabel Bahia
  9.   Switzerland – Sandra Studer
  10.  Estonia – Urve Tiidus[19]
  11.  Romania – Cristina Țopescu [ro]
  12.  Malta – John Demanuele[20]
  13.  Netherlands – Joop van Os[21]
  14.  Germany – Carmen Nebel
  15.  Slovakia – Juraj Čurný
  16.  Lithuania – Gitana Lapinskaitė[22]
  17.  Norway – Sverre Christophersen [no]
  18.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Diana Grković-Foretić
  19.  Greece – Fotini Giannoulatou
  20.  Austria – Tilia Herold [de]
  21.  Spain – María Ángeles Balañac
  22.  Hungary – Iván Bradányi [hu]
  23.  Russia – Irina Klenskaya
  24.  Poland – Jan Chojnacki
  25.  France – Laurent Romejko

Detailed voting results

Jury voting was used to determine the points awarded by all countries.[14] The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in the order in which they performed, with the spokespersons announcing their country's points in English or French in ascending order.[15] The detailed breakdown of the points awarded by each country is listed in the tables below.

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1994[14][23][24]
Total score
Sweden
Finland
Ireland
Cyprus
Iceland
United Kingdom
Croatia
Portugal
Switzerland
Estonia
Romania
Malta
Netherlands
Germany
Slovakia
Lithuania
Norway
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Greece
Austria
Spain
Hungary
Russia
Poland
France
Contestants
 Sweden 48 2 7 2 3 6 5 5 10 5 1 2
Finland 11 1 10
Ireland 226 10 7 8 12 10 12 12 12 10 8 5 12 12 6 10 12 10 10 10 10 12 8 8
Cyprus 51 10 3 5 2 5 12 4 2 5 3
Iceland 49 8 1 6 6 3 3 1 3 3 6 1 4 4
United Kingdom 63 1 5 6 8 8 5 2 4 3 2 4 1 3 3 5 3
Croatia 27 10 12 5
Portugal 73 5 5 8 8 8 5 1 3 12 7 4 1 6
Switzerland 15 8 2 5
Estonia 2 2
Romania 14 6 2 6
Malta 97 4 6 10 2 1 7 4 6 7 10 1 3 10 7 12 7
Netherlands 4 4
Germany 128 6 3 5 6 7 7 10 10 3 12 4 7 4 1 7 2 8 12 7 7
Slovakia 15 12 3
Lithuania 0
Norway 76 7 3 10 1 4 3 1 8 4 7 2 1 6 1 5 5 8
Bosnia and Herzegovina 39 2 4 7 8 7 1 10
Greece 44 2 4 12 6 4 1 5 4 4 2
Austria 19 1 7 3 2 1 5
Spain 17 5 2 8 2
Hungary 122 12 12 12 10 2 5 1 4 4 2 10 7 8 3 8 3 12 7
Russia 70 4 3 4 5 1 2 1 3 5 6 6 3 4 6 6 10 1
Poland 166 8 7 1 6 12 8 7 10 12 7 2 8 10 4 12 6 8 12 8 6 12
France 74 3 2 4 5 6 6 8 8 7 2 7 10 6

12 points

The below table summarises how the maximum 12 points were awarded from one country to another. The winning country is shown in bold. Ireland received the maximum score of 12 points from eight of the voting countries, with Poland receiving five sets of 12 points, Hungary receiving four sets, Germany two sets, and Croatia, Cyprus, Malta, Portugal and Slovakia each receiving one maximum score.[23][24]

Distribution of 12 points awarded at the Eurovision Song Contest 1994[23][24]
N. Contestant Nation(s) giving 12 points
8  Ireland  Croatia,  Germany,  Iceland,  Netherlands,  Norway,  Portugal,  Russia,   Switzerland
5  Poland  Austria,  Estonia,  France,  Lithuania,  United Kingdom
4  Hungary  Ireland,  Finland,  Poland,  Sweden
2  Germany  Hungary,  Romania
1  Croatia  Slovakia
 Cyprus  Greece
 Greece  Cyprus
 Malta  Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Portugal  Spain
 Slovakia  Malta

Broadcasts

Each participating broadcaster was required to relay the contest via its networks. Non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest as "passive participants". Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers.[25] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators in participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Austria ORF ORF 1 Ernst Grissemann [26][27]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina RTVBiH Unknown Unknown [28]
 Croatia HRT HRT 1 Aleksandar Kostadinov [29][30]
 Cyprus CyBC Unknown Evi Papamichail [31]
 Estonia ETV Vello Rand [32][33]
 Finland YLE TV1 Erkki Pohjanheimo and Kirsi-Maria Niemi [34]
Riksradion Unknown
 France France Télévision France 2 Patrice Laffont [35]
 Germany ARD Erstes Deutsches Fernsehen Jan Hofer [26]
 Greece ERT Unknown Dafni Bokota [36]
 Hungary MTV MTV2 István Vágó [37]
 Iceland RÚV Sjónvarpið Jakob Frímann Magnússon [38]
 Ireland RTÉ RTÉ 1 Pat Kenny [39][40]
RTÉ Radio 1 Larry Gogan
 Lithuania LRT LTV Unknown [41]
 Malta PBS TVM Unknown [42]
 Netherlands NOS Nederland 3 Willem van Beusekom [43][44]
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK P1 Jostein Pedersen [45][46]
 Poland TVP TVP1 Artur Orzech [41][47]
 Portugal RTP RTP Canal 1 Eládio Clímaco [48][49]
 Romania TVR TVR1 Gabriela Cristea [50][51]
 Russia RTR RTR Sergey Antipov [ru] [52]
 Slovakia STV Unknown Unknown [53]
 Spain TVE La Primera José Luis Uribarri [54][55][56]
 Sweden SVT Kanal 1 Pekka Heino [16][45]
SR SR P3, SR P4 Claes-Johan Larsson and Lisa Syrén [16]
  Switzerland SRG SSR SF DRS Bernard Thurnheer [de] [26][35]
TSR Chaîne nationale Jean-Marc Richard
TSI Canale nazionale Unknown
 United Kingdom BBC BBC1 Terry Wogan [57][58][59]
BBC Radio 2 Ken Bruce
Broadcasters and commentators in non-participating countries
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref(s)
 Australia SBS SBS TV[f] Unknown [60]
 Belgium BRTN TV2 André Vermeulen [43][44][61]
RTBF RTBF1 Jean-Pierre Hautier [44][62]
 Denmark DR DR TV Jørgen de Mylius [63]
 Israel IBA Channel 1 Unknown [64]
 Slovenia RTVSLO SLO 1 [sl] Unknown [65]
 Turkey TRT TRT 1 Unknown [66]

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ Both Irish commentator Pat Kenny and British commentator Terry Wogan credited Kelehan as the conductor of the Irish entry, but Kenny specified that he only led a minimal arrangement of drums and bass. Nevertheless, he didn't take the traditional conductor's bow, and virtually no drum or bass accompaniment could be heard during the performance.
  2. ^ a b Contains some words in English
  3. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[8]
  4. ^ The song was submitted to the contest in Polish, but had been performed in English during the show in which the jurors cast their votes. The song was performed in Polish during the live broadcast.
  5. ^ a b Performed under the English title "Eternal Wanderer"
  6. ^ Deferred broadcast on 1 May at 20:30 AEST (10:30 UTC)[60]

References

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  4. ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh 2020, pp. 168–181.
  5. ^ a b "Detailed overview: conductors in 1994". And the conductor is... Retrieved 12 June 2023.
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  39. ^ "Saturday: Television and Radio". The Irish Times Weekend. 30 April 1994. p. 6. Retrieved 19 December 2022. (subscription required)
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Bibliography

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