List of political parties in Spain: Difference between revisions
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*[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE'') — mainstream [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]] [[social democracy|social democratic]] party linked to [[Unión General de Trabajadores|General Union of Workers]] (''Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT'') trade union. Along with its Catalan instance, the [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia]] (''Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC''), it currently conforms the largest group in Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Composición - Congreso de los Diputados|url=https://www.congreso.es/grupos/composicion-en-la-legislatura|access-date=2021-08-17|website=www.congreso.es}}</ref> The party has governed from 1982 to 1996, from 2004 to 2011 and since 2018. |
*[[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]] (''Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE'') — mainstream [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]] [[social democracy|social democratic]] party linked to [[Unión General de Trabajadores|General Union of Workers]] (''Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT'') trade union. Along with its Catalan instance, the [[Socialists' Party of Catalonia]] (''Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC''), it currently conforms the largest group in Congress.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Composición - Congreso de los Diputados|url=https://www.congreso.es/grupos/composicion-en-la-legislatura|access-date=2021-08-17|website=www.congreso.es}}</ref> The party has governed from 1982 to 1996, from 2004 to 2011 and since 2018. |
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*[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]] (''Partido Popular, PP'') — mainstream [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] party, that is [[conservatism|conservative]], [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] and [[economic liberalism|economically liberal]] and which conforms the second-largest group in Congress and [[Leader of the Opposition (Spain)|leads the parliamentary opposition]]. It has established alliances with regional right-of-centre parties such as [[Asturias Forum]] (''Foro Asturias'') and [[Navarrese People's Union]] (''Unión del Pueblo Navarro, UPN''). The People's Party originates from the [[People's Alliance (Spain)|People's Alliance]] (''Alianza Popular, AP'') refoundation in 1989.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1989-01-20|title=Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1989/01/21/espana/601340403_850215.html|access-date=2021-08-17|issn=1134-6582}}</ref> The party has governed from 1996 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2018. |
*[[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]] (''Partido Popular, PP'') — mainstream [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]] to [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] party, that is [[conservatism|conservative]], [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] and [[economic liberalism|economically liberal]] and which conforms the second-largest group in Congress and [[Leader of the Opposition (Spain)|leads the parliamentary opposition]]. It has established alliances with regional right-of-centre parties such as [[Asturias Forum]] (''Foro Asturias'') and [[Navarrese People's Union]] (''Unión del Pueblo Navarro, UPN''). The People's Party originates from the [[People's Alliance (Spain)|People's Alliance]] (''Alianza Popular, AP'') refoundation in 1989.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1989-01-20|title=Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido|language=es|work=El País|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1989/01/21/espana/601340403_850215.html|access-date=2021-08-17|issn=1134-6582}}</ref> The party has governed from 1996 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2018. |
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*[[Vox (political party)|Vox]] — a [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] to [[Far-right politics|far-right]], [[Spanish nationalism|Spanish nationalist]] party splitted from the People's Party in 2014<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-01-16 |title=Spanish ruling party rebels launch new conservative party |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-politics-idUSBREA0F1HM20140116 |access-date=2022-08-01}}</ref> whose main ideologies are [[social conservatism|social]] and [[national conservatism]], [[economic liberalism]] and [[Centralized government|centralism]] (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's [[peripheral nationalism]]s). Vox opposes [[LGBT movements| |
*[[Vox (political party)|Vox]] — a [[Right-wing politics|right-wing]] to [[Far-right politics|far-right]], [[Spanish nationalism|Spanish nationalist]] party splitted from the People's Party in 2014<ref>{{Cite news |date=2014-01-16 |title=Spanish ruling party rebels launch new conservative party |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-spain-politics-idUSBREA0F1HM20140116 |access-date=2022-08-01}}</ref> whose main ideologies are [[social conservatism|social]] and [[national conservatism]], [[economic liberalism]] and [[Centralized government|centralism]] (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's [[peripheral nationalism]]s). Vox opposes [[LGBT movements|LGBT movements]] in Spain<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-25 |title=Vox registra una Ley de Igualdad para derogar las leyes LGTBI en Madrid |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/local/madrid/20211025/7814413/vox-registra-derogar-leyes-lgtbi-madrid-presupuestos-pp.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=La Vanguardia |language=es}}</ref> while endorsing [[Anti-LGBT rhetoric|anti-LGBT rhetoric]] abroad,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-13 |title=El discurso contra el colectivo LGTBI de Giorgia Meloni, heredera del fascismo italiano, en un mitin de Vox en Marbella |url=https://www.lasexta.com/programas/al-rojo-vivo/discurso-colectivo-lgtbi-giorgia-meloni-heredera-fascismo-italiano-mitin-vox-marbella_2022061362a72cd2bad2bc0001568ed4.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=www.lasexta.com |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-24 |title=Vox muestra su apoyo a Hungría por "no arrodillarse ante la embestida de la ideología LGTB" |url=https://www.elplural.com/politica/vox-muestra-apoyo-hungria-no-arrodillarse-embestida-ideologia-lgtb_269518102 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=El Plural |language=es}}</ref> rejects [[Federalisation of the European Union|european federalism]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-02 |title=Abascal firma una declaración sobre el Futuro de Europa con Orban, Marine Le Pen, Georgia Meloni y Salvini |url=https://www.elmundo.es/espana/2021/07/02/60deefeb21efa0f95e8b4643.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=ELMUNDO |language=es}}</ref> and defends narrowing the naturalisation of immigrant individuals of maghrebi origin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=González |first=Miguel |date=2021-11-10 |title=Vox quiere endurecer las trabas a la nacionalización de los inmigrantes magrebíes |url=https://elpais.com/espana/2021-11-10/vox-quiere-endurecer-las-trabas-a-la-nacionalizacion-de-los-inmigrantes-magrebies.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=El País |language=es}}</ref> It has allied to other right-wing to far-right political parties from Latin America,<ref>{{Cite web |last=de 2020 |first=Por Newsroom Infobae26 de Octubre |title=Abascal promueve una carta con políticos americanos contra el comunismo |url=https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2020/10/26/abascal-promueve-una-carta-con-politicos-americanos-contra-el-comunismo/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=infobae |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vox estrecha lazos con derecha peruana y suma firmas a su pacto anticomunista |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/spa/per%C3%BA-pol%C3%ADtica_vox-estrecha-lazos-con-derecha-peruana-y-suma-firmas-a-su-pacto-anticomunista/46974610 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=SWI swissinfo.ch |language=es}}</ref> Italian [[Brothers of Italy]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-19 |title=Vox y Fratelli d'Italia crean un grupo de trabajo para romper los "cordones sanitarios" |url=https://www.vozpopuli.com/espana/vox-meloni-fratelli.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=Vozpópuli |language=es}}</ref> and Hungarian [[Fidesz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Agencias |date=2021-05-27 |title=Orban recibe a Abascal en Budapest y el líder de Vox lo señala como su ejemplo para España |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2021-05-27/abascal-orban-ejemplo-espana_3103387/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=elconfidencial.com |language=es}}</ref> |
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*[[Unidas Podemos|United We Can]] (''Unidas Podemos, UP,'' formerly known as ''Unidos Podemos'') — an [[Anti-austerity movement in Spain|anti-austerity]] [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|We Can]] (''Podemos''). The alliance is also formed by the [[United Left (Spain)|United Left]] (''Izquierda Unida, IU''), which is associated with [[Workers' Commissions]] (''Comisiones Obreras, CCOO'') trade union, as well as by the [[Green left|green-left]] [[Green Alliance (Spain)|Green Alliance]] (''Alianza Verde, AV'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nace Alianza Verde, el partido de López de Uralde que se integrará en Unidas Podemos |url=https://www.elsaltodiario.com/ecologia/nace-alianza-verde-partido-lopez-uralde-integrara-unidas-podemos |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=www.elsaltodiario.com |language=}}</ref> and other left-wing parties. This political space is branded differently [[Galicia en Común|in Galicia]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Huete |first=Cristina |date=2020-02-21 |title=Podemos, IU y las mareas reconstruyen su alianza en Galicia para las elecciones del 5 de abril |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2020/02/21/actualidad/1582286908_211502.html |access-date=2022-08-04 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> and [[En Comú Podem|in Catalonia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-16 |title=Catalunya en Común y Podemos concurrirán juntos a las elecciones generales bajo la marca En Comú Podem |url=https://www.expansion.com/economia/politica/elecciones-generales/2019/03/16/5c8cd670ca474120798b459b.html |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=EXPANSION |language=es}}</ref> United We Can forms a coalition government with PSOE since 2020<ref>{{Cite news |last=Casqueiro |first=Javier |last2=Pérez |first2=Fernando J. |date=2020-01-07 |title=Pedro Sánchez logra la investidura y formará el primer Gobierno de coalición de la democracia |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2020/01/07/actualidad/1578382922_404144.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> and is related and overlapping, but not equivalent, to the 2022-founded left-wing electoral platform [[Sumar (electoral platform)|Unite]] (''Sumar''), led by the [[Communist Party of Spain|PCE]]-affiliated [[Ministry of Labour (Spain)|Minister of Labour]] [[Yolanda Díaz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabanillas |first=Ana |date=2022-05-18 |title=‘Sumar’: Yolanda Díaz lanza su plataforma para emanciparse de Podemos |url=https://www.epe.es/es/politica/20220518/yolanda-diaz-plataforma-sumar-13676252 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=elperiodicodeespana |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-01 |title=Podemos plantea una coalición electoral con Díaz pero sin integrarse en su plataforma, Sumar |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/entry/podemos-plantea-una-coalicion-electoral-con-diaz-pero-sin-integrarse-en-su-plataforma-sumar_es_62e78370e4b0c60a5669bbc2 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=ElHuffPost |language=es}}</ref> |
*[[Unidas Podemos|United We Can]] (''Unidas Podemos, UP,'' formerly known as ''Unidos Podemos'') — an [[Anti-austerity movement in Spain|anti-austerity]] [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]] electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|We Can]] (''Podemos''). The alliance is also formed by the [[United Left (Spain)|United Left]] (''Izquierda Unida, IU''), which is associated with [[Workers' Commissions]] (''Comisiones Obreras, CCOO'') trade union, as well as by the [[Green left|green-left]] [[Green Alliance (Spain)|Green Alliance]] (''Alianza Verde, AV'')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nace Alianza Verde, el partido de López de Uralde que se integrará en Unidas Podemos |url=https://www.elsaltodiario.com/ecologia/nace-alianza-verde-partido-lopez-uralde-integrara-unidas-podemos |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=www.elsaltodiario.com |language=}}</ref> and other left-wing parties. This political space is branded differently [[Galicia en Común|in Galicia]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Huete |first=Cristina |date=2020-02-21 |title=Podemos, IU y las mareas reconstruyen su alianza en Galicia para las elecciones del 5 de abril |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2020/02/21/actualidad/1582286908_211502.html |access-date=2022-08-04 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> and [[En Comú Podem|in Catalonia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-03-16 |title=Catalunya en Común y Podemos concurrirán juntos a las elecciones generales bajo la marca En Comú Podem |url=https://www.expansion.com/economia/politica/elecciones-generales/2019/03/16/5c8cd670ca474120798b459b.html |access-date=2022-08-04 |website=EXPANSION |language=es}}</ref> United We Can forms a coalition government with PSOE since 2020<ref>{{Cite news |last=Casqueiro |first=Javier |last2=Pérez |first2=Fernando J. |date=2020-01-07 |title=Pedro Sánchez logra la investidura y formará el primer Gobierno de coalición de la democracia |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2020/01/07/actualidad/1578382922_404144.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> and is related and overlapping, but not equivalent, to the 2022-founded left-wing electoral platform [[Sumar (electoral platform)|Unite]] (''Sumar''), led by the [[Communist Party of Spain|PCE]]-affiliated [[Ministry of Labour (Spain)|Minister of Labour]] [[Yolanda Díaz]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cabanillas |first=Ana |date=2022-05-18 |title=‘Sumar’: Yolanda Díaz lanza su plataforma para emanciparse de Podemos |url=https://www.epe.es/es/politica/20220518/yolanda-diaz-plataforma-sumar-13676252 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=elperiodicodeespana |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-01 |title=Podemos plantea una coalición electoral con Díaz pero sin integrarse en su plataforma, Sumar |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.es/entry/podemos-plantea-una-coalicion-electoral-con-diaz-pero-sin-integrarse-en-su-plataforma-sumar_es_62e78370e4b0c60a5669bbc2 |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=ElHuffPost |language=es}}</ref> |
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*[[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] (''Ciudadanos, Cs'') — a [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2017/dec/21/catalonia-election-full-results|title=Catalonia election: full results|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> liberal and Spanish nationalist party. It supports a high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination. In 2019, its popular support sharply declined.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-26 |title=Ciudadanos in crisis: How Spain’s center couldn’t hold |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/fall-ciudadanos-spain-election-albert-rivera-ines-arrimadas/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=POLITICO |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pérez |first=Fernando J. |date=2019-11-11 |title=Ciudadanos pierde en todas las provincias más de la mitad de los votos que obtuvo en abril |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/11/11/actualidad/1573487267_946148.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> The party has established electoral alliances with the People's Party [[Navarra Suma|in Navarre]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-10|title=Navarra ensaya el gran pacto electoral: UPN, PP y Ciudadanos concurrirán juntos a las generales|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/navarra/abci-navarra-ensaya-gran-pacto-electoral-pp-y-ciudadanos-concurriran-juntos-generales-201903101338_noticia.html|access-date=2021-08-18|website=abc|language=es}}</ref> and in the [[PP+Cs|Basque Country]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2020-02-20|title=Ciudadanos pacta con el PP ocupar el segundo puesto de las listas por Álava y Vizcaya en las elecciones vascas|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-ciudadanos-pacta-pp-ocupar-segundo-puesto-listas-alava-vizcaya-elecciones-vascas-20200220140858.html|access-date=2021-08-18|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> |
*[[Citizens (Spanish political party)|Citizens]] (''Ciudadanos, Cs'') — a [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2017/dec/21/catalonia-election-full-results|title=Catalonia election: full results|newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref> liberal and Spanish nationalist party. It supports a high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination. In 2019, its popular support sharply declined.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-26 |title=Ciudadanos in crisis: How Spain’s center couldn’t hold |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/fall-ciudadanos-spain-election-albert-rivera-ines-arrimadas/ |access-date=2022-08-01 |website=POLITICO |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pérez |first=Fernando J. |date=2019-11-11 |title=Ciudadanos pierde en todas las provincias más de la mitad de los votos que obtuvo en abril |language=es |work=El País |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2019/11/11/actualidad/1573487267_946148.html |access-date=2022-08-01 |issn=1134-6582}}</ref> The party has established electoral alliances with the People's Party [[Navarra Suma|in Navarre]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-03-10|title=Navarra ensaya el gran pacto electoral: UPN, PP y Ciudadanos concurrirán juntos a las generales|url=https://www.abc.es/espana/navarra/abci-navarra-ensaya-gran-pacto-electoral-pp-y-ciudadanos-concurriran-juntos-generales-201903101338_noticia.html|access-date=2021-08-18|website=abc|language=es}}</ref> and in the [[PP+Cs|Basque Country]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Press|first=Europa|date=2020-02-20|title=Ciudadanos pacta con el PP ocupar el segundo puesto de las listas por Álava y Vizcaya en las elecciones vascas|url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-ciudadanos-pacta-pp-ocupar-segundo-puesto-listas-alava-vizcaya-elecciones-vascas-20200220140858.html|access-date=2021-08-18|website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> |
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This article lists political parties in Spain.
Spain has a multi-party system at both the national and regional level. Nationally, there are five dominant political parties: Podemos (left-wing), PSOE (centre-left), Ciudadanos (centre-right), Partido Popular (centre-right to right-wing) and Vox (right-wing to far-right).
The current makeup makes it difficult for any other formation or coalition to achieve an electoral majority in the bicameral Cortes Generales (consisting of both the national Congress of Deputies and regional representation in the Senate). Regional parties can be strong in autonomous communities like Catalonia and the Basque Country and are often essential for national government coalitions.
National political formations of Spain
- Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE) — mainstream centre-left social democratic party linked to General Union of Workers (Unión General de Trabajadores, UGT) trade union. Along with its Catalan instance, the Socialists' Party of Catalonia (Partit dels Socialistes de Catalunya, PSC), it currently conforms the largest group in Congress.[1] The party has governed from 1982 to 1996, from 2004 to 2011 and since 2018.
- People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) — mainstream centre-right to right-wing party, that is conservative, Catholic and economically liberal and which conforms the second-largest group in Congress and leads the parliamentary opposition. It has established alliances with regional right-of-centre parties such as Asturias Forum (Foro Asturias) and Navarrese People's Union (Unión del Pueblo Navarro, UPN). The People's Party originates from the People's Alliance (Alianza Popular, AP) refoundation in 1989.[2] The party has governed from 1996 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2018.
- Vox — a right-wing to far-right, Spanish nationalist party splitted from the People's Party in 2014[3] whose main ideologies are social and national conservatism, economic liberalism and centralism (i.e. strong opposition to Spain's peripheral nationalisms). Vox opposes LGBT movements in Spain[4] while endorsing anti-LGBT rhetoric abroad,[5][6] rejects european federalism[7] and defends narrowing the naturalisation of immigrant individuals of maghrebi origin.[8] It has allied to other right-wing to far-right political parties from Latin America,[9][10] Italian Brothers of Italy[11] and Hungarian Fidesz.[12]
- United We Can (Unidas Podemos, UP, formerly known as Unidos Podemos) — an anti-austerity left-wing electoral alliance led by the leftist 2014-founded party We Can (Podemos). The alliance is also formed by the United Left (Izquierda Unida, IU), which is associated with Workers' Commissions (Comisiones Obreras, CCOO) trade union, as well as by the green-left Green Alliance (Alianza Verde, AV)[13] and other left-wing parties. This political space is branded differently in Galicia[14] and in Catalonia.[15] United We Can forms a coalition government with PSOE since 2020[16] and is related and overlapping, but not equivalent, to the 2022-founded left-wing electoral platform Unite (Sumar), led by the PCE-affiliated Minister of Labour Yolanda Díaz.[17][18]
- Citizens (Ciudadanos, Cs) — a centre-right[19] liberal and Spanish nationalist party. It supports a high degree of political decentralization, but it rejects autonomous communities' right to self-determination. In 2019, its popular support sharply declined.[20][21] The party has established electoral alliances with the People's Party in Navarre[22] and in the Basque Country.[23]
- More Country (Más País, MP) — a progressive green party originated around the Madrid-based More Madrid (Más Madrid, MM) party in 2019. More Madrid itself originates from Madrid Now (Ahora Madrid) a local We Can-related alliance.[24] The party has an electoral alliance with the ecologist Greens Equo (Verdes Equo, Q)[25] party and the left-wing valencianist Commitement (Compromís) coalition.[26] More Country and Greens Equo have also joined United We Can member parties in Andalusia.[27]
Political parties represented in the Congress of Deputies
| Parties and coalitions | Position | Ideology | Results (November 2019) | Seats in Congress | Seats in Senate | Status | Coalition partners | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) Partido Socialista Obrero Español |
Centre-left | Social democracy, Pro-Europeanism |
6,752,983 votes, 28.00% | 120 / 350
|
114 / 265
|
Government | PSOE (108) PSC (12) | |
|
People's Party (PP), Partido Popular |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Conservatism, Christian democracy, Monarchism |
5,019,869 votes, 20.82% | 89 / 350
|
100 / 265
|
Opposition | PP (88) FAC (1) | |
|
Vox (Vox), Vox |
Right-wing to far-right |
National conservatism, Spanish nationalism, Right-wing populism |
3,640,063 votes, 15.09% | 52 / 350
|
3 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
|
United We Can (UP), Unidas Podemos |
Left-wing | Democratic socialism, Left-wing populism, Republicanism, Federalism |
3,097,185 votes, 12.84% | 35 / 350
|
0 / 265
|
Government | Podemos (26) IU (5) Catalunya en Comú (3) Independent (1) | |
|
Republican Left of Catalonia–Catalonia Yes (ERC–CatSí), Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya–Catalunya Sí |
Centre-left to left-wing |
Catalan separatism, Social democracy |
869,934 votes, 3.61% | 13 / 350
|
14 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | ||
.svg)
|
Citizens (Cs), Ciudadanos |
Centre-right | Liberalism Spanish nationalism |
1,637,540 votes, 6.79% | 10 / 350
|
3 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
|
Together for Catalonia (JxCat), Junts per Catalunya |
Centre-right | Catalan separatism, Liberalism |
527,375 votes, 2.19% | 8 / 350
|
5 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
| Basque Nationalist Party (PNV), Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea, Partido Nacionalista Vasco, Parti Nationaliste Basque |
Centre | Basque nationalism, Christian democracy |
377,423 votes, 1.57% | 6 / 350
|
10 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | |||
|
Basque Country Unite (EHB), Euskal Herria Bildu |
Left-wing to far-left |
Basque separatism, Progressivism |
276.519 votes, 1.15% | 5 / 350
|
2 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | Sortu (1) Alternatiba (1) | |
|
More Country-Equo (MP-EQUO), Más País-Equo |
Centre-left to left-wing | Green politics, Progressivism |
582,306 votes 2.40% | 3 / 350
|
1 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | MP-Equo (2) Més Compromís (1) | |
|
Popular Unity Candidacy–For Rupture (CUP–PR), Candidatura d'Unitat Popular |
Left-wing to far-left | Catalan separatism, Anti-capitalism |
246,971 votes, 1.02% | 2 / 350
|
0 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
.svg){kind=small}
|
Commitment Coalition (Compromis), Coalició Compromis |
Left-wing | Valencian nationalism, Eco-socialism |
173,821 votes, 0.66% | 1 / 350
|
1 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | ||
|
Canarian Coalition (CC–PNC), Coalición Canaria |
Centre to centre-right |
Canarian nationalism, Conservatism |
137,664 votes, 0.53% | 2 / 350
|
1 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
|
Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG), Bloque Nacionalista Galego |
Left-wing | Galician separatism, Socialism |
120,456 votes 0.5% | 1 / 350
|
0 / 265
|
Opposition | ||
|
Sum Navarre (NA+), Navarra Suma |
Centre-right to right-wing |
Regionalism, Christian democracy, Conservatism |
107,619 votes, 0.41% | 2 / 350
|
1 / 265
|
Opposition | UPN (2) | |
| Regionalist Party of Cantabria (PRC), Partido Regionalista de Cantabria |
Centre to centre-left |
Progressivism, Cantabrian regionalism |
52,266 votes, 0.20% | 1 / 350
|
1 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | |||
| Teruel Exists (TE), ¡Teruel existe! |
Big tent | Regionalism, | 246,971 votes, 0.08% | 1 / 350
|
2 / 265
|
Confidence and supply | |||
Other political parties represented in regional parliaments
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Political parties without any representation
- Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (Partido Animalista Contra el Maltrato Animal, PACMA) (2003–present) — a centre-left party focused on the fight for animal rights, the environment and social justice. The party seeks to ban all sorts of bullfighting events.
- Falange Española de las JONS (FE-JONS) (1976–present)
- Libertarian Party (Partido Libertario, P-LIB) (2009–present)
- Escaños en Blanco [es] (2010–present)
- National Alliance (Alianza Nacional) (2006–present)
- For a Fairer World (Por un Mundo Más Justo, PM+J) (2004–present)
- Humanist Party (Partido Humanista, PH) (1984–present)
- Carlist Party (Partido Carlista) (1970–present)
- Comunión Tradicionalista Carlista [es] (1986–present)
- Pirate Party (Partido Pirata) (2006–present)
- Internet Party (Partido de Internet) (2009–present)
- Authentic Phalanx (Falange Auténtica) (2002–present)
- Confederation of the Greens (Confederación de los Verdes) (1984–present)
- Anticapitalists (Anticapitalistas) (1995–present)
- Land Party (Partido da Terra) (2011–present)
- Overwhelmed and Annoyed Citizens
- Citizens for Blank Votes
- Cannabis Party
- Party of the Democratic Karma
- Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Naturaleza
- Iniciativa Socialista de Izquierdas
- Los Parados
- Los Verdes Ecopacifistas
- Nueva Izquierda Verde
- Nuevo Partido por la Democracia[29][30]
- Socialist Action Party (PASOC)
- Partido Familia y Vida (PFyV)
- Actúa (2017–present)
- Partido de los Autónomos Jubilados y Viudas
- Partido Ibérico
- Partido Mutuo Apoyo Romántico
- Solidaridad y Autogestión Internacionalista (SAIn)
- Foro Centro y Democracia (CYD)
- Muerte al Sistema (+MAS+)[31]
- SOMOS España
- Volt Spain (2018–present)
Communist parties
- Communist Unification of Spain (1973–present)
- Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) (1973–present)
- Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) (1984–present)
- Communist Party of Spain (Marxist-Leninist) (2006–present)
- Revolutionary Left (2017–present)
- Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) (2019–present)
- Partido Obrero Socialista Internacionalista (POSI)
- Lucha Internacionalista
Nationalist parties
- National Democracy (1995–present)
- España 2000 (2002–present)
- Spanish Alternative (2003–present)
- Party for Freedom (2013–present)
Regionalist parties
Andalusia
Asturias
- Partíu Asturianista (1985–present)
- Andecha Astur (1990–present)
- Asturian Left (1992–present)
- Unidad Regionalista Asturiana
- Bloc for Asturias
- Coalición Asturiana
- Unidá
Basque Country
- Zutik
- Zornotza Eginez (local)
Cantabria
- Cantabrian Nationalist Council (1995–present)
Castile and León
- Partido de El Bierzo (1979–present)
- Partido Regionalista del País Leonés (1980–present)
- Unidad Regionalista de Castilla y León (1992–present)
- Izquierda Castellana (2002–present)
- Agrupación de Electores Independientes Zamoranos
- Partido de Castilla y León (PCAL) [es]
Catalonia
- Estat Català (1922–present)
- Pirate Party of Catalonia (Pirata.cat)
Extremadura
- United Extremadura (1980–present)
Galicia
- Galician People's Front (1986–present)
Madrid
Navarre
- Batzarre (1987–present)
Defunct parties
Defunct major parties
- People's Socialist Party (1968–1978)
- National Union (1979–1982)
- People's Alliance, refounded as People's Party (1976–1989)
- Liberal Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1976–1989)
- People's Democratic Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1982–1989)
- Union of the Democratic Centre (1977–1983), refounded as Democratic and Social Centre (1982–2006) (merged into PP)
- Euskadiko Ezkerra, absorbed into Socialist Party of the Basque Country (1977–1993)
- Majorca Socialist Party, absorbed into PSM–Nationalist Agreement
- Democratic Reformist Party (1983–1986)
- Valencian Union (1982–2014)
- Andalusian Party (1965–2015)
- Herri Batasuna (1978–2001), refounded as Batasuna (2001–2013), the political branch of ETA, illegal
- Euskal Herritarrok (1998–2003), banned
- Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (2002–2008), outlawed
- Convergence and Union (1978–2015)
- Aralar (2000–2017)
- Nafarroa Bai (2004–2015)
- Amaiur (2011–2015)
- Platform for Catalonia (2002–2019) (merged into Vox)
- Union, Progress and Democracy (2007–2020)
Defunct minor parties
- National Alliance July 18 (1977)
- Spanish Solidarity (1982–1984)
- Republican Social Movement (1999–2018)
- Basque Nationalist Action (1930-2008), outlawed
- Askatasuna (1998–2009), banned
- Herritarren Zerrenda (2004), banned
- Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (2009), outlawed
- Partido Galeguista (1977–1984)
- Galician Coalition (1983–2012)
- Commoners' Land (1988–2009)
- Alianza por la Unidad Nacional (1995–2005) (Merged into National Alliance)
- Spanish Democratic Party (1996–2008)
- Nós–Unidade Popular (2001–2015)
- Cantabrian Unity (2002–2011)
- Union of the Salamancan People (2002–2014)
- Another Democracy is Possible (2003–2006)
- National Front (2006–2011)
- Unión Centrista Liberal (1978–2014)
Historic parties
- Moderate Party (1834–1874)
- Progressive Party (1834–1874)
- Democratic Party (1849–1869)
- Liberal Union (1858–1874)
- Moderate Party (1834–1874)
- Progressive Party (1834–1874)
- Democratic Party (1849–1869)
- Liberal Union (1858–1874)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Radical Democratic Party (1871–1880)
- Federal Democratic Republican Party (1868–1912)
- Constitutional Party (1872–1880)
- Conservative Party (1876–1931)
- Liberal Party (1880–1931)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
- Republican Nationalist Federal Union (1910–1917)
- Republican–Socialist Conjunction (1909–1919)
- Maurist Party (1913–1930)
- Reformist Party (1912–1924)
- Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
- Spanish Patriotic Union (1924–1930)
- National Front
- Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (1933–1937)
- Popular Action (1930–1933)
- Spanish Agrarian Party (1934–1936)
- Spanish Nationalist Party (1930–1936)
- Spanish Renovation (1933–1937)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
- Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (1933–1937)
- Popular Front
- Republican Left (1934–1959)
- Republican Union (1934–1958)
- Syndicalist Party (1934–1976)
- Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (1935–1980)
- Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
- Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
- Falange Española (1933–1934)
- Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (1931–1934)
- Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
- Radical Socialist Republican Party (1929–1934)
- Liberal Republican Right (1930–1936)
- Republican Action (1925–1934)
- Conservative Republican Party (1932–1936)
- Party of the Democratic Centre (1936–1939)
- Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (1937–1977)
- Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
- Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
See also
- Politics of Spain
- List of political parties by country
- List of political parties in Catalonia
- List of political parties in Galicia
- Liberalism and radicalism in Spain
- Republicanism in Spain
- Anarchism in Spain
- The far-right in Spain
- Federalism in Spain
- Parties and factions in Isabelline Spain
- List of registered political parties in Spain by geographic location
References
- ^ "Composición - Congreso de los Diputados". www.congreso.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- ^ "Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido". El País (in Spanish). 1989-01-20. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- ^ "Spanish ruling party rebels launch new conservative party". Reuters. 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Vox registra una Ley de Igualdad para derogar las leyes LGTBI en Madrid". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 2021-10-25. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "El discurso contra el colectivo LGTBI de Giorgia Meloni, heredera del fascismo italiano, en un mitin de Vox en Marbella". www.lasexta.com (in Spanish). 2022-06-13. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Vox muestra su apoyo a Hungría por "no arrodillarse ante la embestida de la ideología LGTB"". El Plural (in Spanish). 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Abascal firma una declaración sobre el Futuro de Europa con Orban, Marine Le Pen, Georgia Meloni y Salvini". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2021-07-02. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ González, Miguel (2021-11-10). "Vox quiere endurecer las trabas a la nacionalización de los inmigrantes magrebíes". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ de 2020, Por Newsroom Infobae26 de Octubre. "Abascal promueve una carta con políticos americanos contra el comunismo". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
{{cite web}}:|first=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Vox estrecha lazos con derecha peruana y suma firmas a su pacto anticomunista". SWI swissinfo.ch (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Vox y Fratelli d'Italia crean un grupo de trabajo para romper los "cordones sanitarios"". Vozpópuli (in Spanish). 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ Agencias (2021-05-27). "Orban recibe a Abascal en Budapest y el líder de Vox lo señala como su ejemplo para España". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Nace Alianza Verde, el partido de López de Uralde que se integrará en Unidas Podemos". www.elsaltodiario.com. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ Huete, Cristina (2020-02-21). "Podemos, IU y las mareas reconstruyen su alianza en Galicia para las elecciones del 5 de abril". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ^ "Catalunya en Común y Podemos concurrirán juntos a las elecciones generales bajo la marca En Comú Podem". EXPANSION (in Spanish). 2019-03-16. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
- ^ Casqueiro, Javier; Pérez, Fernando J. (2020-01-07). "Pedro Sánchez logra la investidura y formará el primer Gobierno de coalición de la democracia". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ Cabanillas, Ana (2022-05-18). "'Sumar': Yolanda Díaz lanza su plataforma para emanciparse de Podemos". elperiodicodeespana (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Podemos plantea una coalición electoral con Díaz pero sin integrarse en su plataforma, Sumar". ElHuffPost (in Spanish). 2022-08-01. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Catalonia election: full results". The Guardian.
- ^ "Ciudadanos in crisis: How Spain's center couldn't hold". POLITICO. 2021-04-26. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ Pérez, Fernando J. (2019-11-11). "Ciudadanos pierde en todas las provincias más de la mitad de los votos que obtuvo en abril". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "Navarra ensaya el gran pacto electoral: UPN, PP y Ciudadanos concurrirán juntos a las generales". abc (in Spanish). 2019-03-10. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ Press, Europa (2020-02-20). "Ciudadanos pacta con el PP ocupar el segundo puesto de las listas por Álava y Vizcaya en las elecciones vascas". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-18.
- ^ Riveiro, Aitor (2015-03-06). "La candidatura de Podemos y Ganemos al Ayuntamiento ya tiene nombre: Ahora Madrid". ElDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ Marcos, Ana (2019-09-26). "Más País y Equo llegan a un preacuerdo para presentarse en diez provincias". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- ^ Press, Europa (2019-09-30). "Registrada Més Compromís, la coalición de Más País y Compromís par la Comunidad Valenciana". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2021-08-17.
- ^ "El acuerdo in extremis de UP en Andalucía no evita que la izquierda concurra al 19-J en 4 papeletas". El Español (in Spanish). 2022-05-07. Retrieved 2022-08-01.
- ^ "El catalán de la Franja se denominará 'lapao' en Aragón". La Vanguardia. May 6, 2013.
- ^ "La entrevista: 'Somos un ejemplo para los jóvenes'". Pinares Noticias (in Spanish). June 17, 2014. Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- ^ Antón, B. (June 11, 2014). "La vocación por bandera". Diario de Burgos (in Spanish). Retrieved June 27, 2014.
- ^ Press, Europa (2019-04-29). "Resultados elecciones generales 2019 - Muerte al Sistema, el Partido RISA y Unión de Todos: estos son los partidos menos votados el 28-A". Vozpópuli (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2019-04-30.
