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Iriga

Coordinates: 13°25′23″N 123°24′44″E / 13.4231°N 123.4122°E / 13.4231; 123.4122
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Iriga
Component Component city
City of Iriga
Mount Asog/Iriga
Mount Asog/Iriga
Official seal of Iriga
Seal
Map of Camarines Sur with Iriga highlighted
Map of Camarines Sur with Iriga highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Map
Iriga is located in Philippines
Iriga
Iriga
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 13°25′23″N 123°24′44″E / 13.4231°N 123.4122°E / 13.4231; 123.4122
Country Philippines
RegionBicol Region
ProvinceCamarines Sur
District5th district
Founded1578 (as a visita)
Founded1683 (as a pueblo)
CityhoodSeptember 3, 1968
Barangays36 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Panlungsod
 • MayorMadelaine Y. Alfelor-Gazmen (LP)
 • Vice MayorWilfredo Rex C. Oliva (PDP–Laban)
 • RepresentativeJocelyn F. Fortuno
 • Electorate73,526 voters (2022)
Area
 [2]
 • Total137.35 km2 (53.03 sq mi)
Elevation
129 m (423 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total114,457
 • Density830/km2 (2,200/sq mi)
 • Households
25,276
Economy
 • Income class4th city income class
 • Poverty incidence28.42% (2015)[4]
 • Revenue₱ 753.5 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 1,360 million (2020), 471.1 million (2012)
 • Liabilities₱ 796.5 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 677.5 million (2020)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
4431
PSGC
051716000
IDD : area code +63 (0)54
Native languagesRinconada Bikol
Central Bikol
Mount Iriga Agta
Tagalog
Websitewww.iriga.gov.ph

Iriga, officially the City of Iriga (Rinconada Bikol: Syudad ka Iriga; Central Bikol: Syudad nin Iriga; Tagalog: Lungsod ng Iriga), is a 4th class component component city in the province of Camarines Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 114,457 people.[3]

It is located about 400 kilometres (250 mi) south-east of Manila, and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) south of Naga, Camarines Sur.

History

Barely half a century after Ferdinand Magellan discovered the Philippines on March 16, 1521, Iriga, now a city, was only a visita of Nabua, Provincia de Ambos Camarines. Because of the disastrous floods that occur during rainy seasons in suburban Poblacion of Nabua, Father Felix de Huertas, the then parish priest, advised the farmers to move to I-raga (donde hay tierra or where there is land) where they can plant their crops without fear of being flooded. The flood victims of Nabua who moved earlier and followed the suggestions of their parish priest were the fortunate beneficiaries of the harvest of their agricultural plantation coming from the rich and fertile soils of I-raga, more so, those who planted at the foot of Sumagang Mountain (Mountain of the Rising Sun, now Mt. Iriga) said to be nature's given symbol of the Irigueños lofty ideals and noble visions.[5]

As population spread out and evangelization progressed, the settlement at the foot of Sumagang Mountain developed in size and wealth, slowly pushing the aborigines (Agta) up to the thickness of the forest. And in 1578 the I-raga settlement was established as “visita” of Nabua under Fray Pablo de Jesus and Fray Bartolome Ruiz, both Franciscans. Three decades later or on January 4, 1641, Mount Asog (named after a negrito chieftain who ruled the aborigines) or Mt. Iriga, erupted. That eruption brought much fear to the settlers but with their strong faith and belief a miracle happened and as witnessed by local folks, the apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mother and her son Lord Jesus or “Nuestra Señora de Angustia” at sitio Inorogan saved the people from terrible earthquake and flood. The eruption formed the cavernous gully on the side of Buhi leading to the steep gorge which was the crater of the “volcano”.[5]

Iriga, according to Fray Felix Huertas in his lengthily-titled Estado Geografico, Topografico, Estadisticdo, Historico-Reliogoso de la Santa Apostolica Provincia de S. Gregorio Magno published in 1865, came from the native word iraga, which means “poseedores de mucho terreno,” or “possessors of much land.” From a mere “doctrina,” a religious administrative word which roughly means a “mission post” in 1583. In 1683, this progressive visita of I-raga was converted into Pueblo de la Provincia de Ambos Camarines with a population of 8,908 which several decades later the name I-raga was changed to Iriga by the Spanish authorities and advocated St. Anthony of Padua as Patron Saint and June 13 as the annual fiesta.[5]

From the middle of the 19th century until the first two decades of the 20th century, Iriga was a major abaca-producing town in the Bicol region, largely because of the rich volcanic soil surrounding Mt. Iriga which it spewed in its last eruption about six hundred years before the coming of the Spaniards in Bikol. According to William Freer, the American Superintendent of Schools in Camarines Sur, “The sides of the mountain nourish rich plantations of abaca owned by several Spaniards, and shelter several hundreds of the Philippine aborigines, the Negritos, who are now employed on the plantations. Because of the production of abaca the town of Iriga ranks third in importance in Camarines, being outclassed only by Nueva Caceres and Daet.”[5]

During the incumbency of Don Martin Mendoza as Capitan Municipal, in the memorias de la Provincia de Ambos Camarines, showed that the “Pueblo de Iriga” was composed of “barrios y visitas distinguida la poblacion centro del casco en 5 barrios que son San Roque, San Francisco de Asis, San Juan Bautista, Santo Domingo de Guzman y San Miguel Arcangel con 6 visitas fuera del casco denominados San Nicolas de Tolentino, San Agustin, San Antonio Abad, Santo Niño, Santiago de Galicia y la visita de los monteses” with a population of 13,813. There were only four roads mentioned, they were coming from Nabua going to Baao, to Buhi and to Polangui, Albay, now the diversion road passing Salvacion, Masoli, Bato, then to the south road going to Polangui, Albay and there was only one way going to Nueva Caceres (Naga) via Bicol River by boat.[5]

In 1913, the Manila Railroad (MRR) Company Station and the public market were established in their respective present site which readily contributed to the rapid growth of Iriga making it the center of trade and commerce in Rinconada area. It was also at this time that Mondays and Thursdays were declared as market days in Iriga. The Municipality of Iriga continued to prosper through the years. The original “barrios y visitas” have developed sitios which later on, these sitios have metamorphosed into distinct and separate barrios. After the Second World War, San Ramon, San Rafael, Cristo Rey, Santa Isabel, San Vicente Norte, San Andres, Santa Teresita, Perpetual Help, Sagrada, Niño Jesus, San Pedro and Antipolo, former sitios of barrio San Agustin, San Isidro and San Nicolas were created as barrios. And, the barrios of La Anunciacion and Santa Elena were sitios of Santo Domingo and Santiago, Del Rosario (Banao) of Santiago and Santo Niño and La Purisima of San Francisco & part of Santo Domingo, Santa Cruz Sur of San Francisco. Francia and San Jose from San Miguel and San Vicente Sur, Salvacion, La Trinidad and La Medalla from the large barrio of San Antonio. Some of these barrios were already created during the incumbency of Mayor Jose C. Villanueva in 1960. And the latest and the 36th barrio ever created was Santa Maria which comprises the sitios of Tubigan, Katungdulan, Bagacay, Sampaga, Rao and Cawayan of barrio Santa Teresita by virtue of Republic Act 6228.[5]

Cityhood

Through the unflinching support and willful cooperation of the town's people, Mayor Jose C. Villanueva at the helm of stewardship successfully gained the conversion of Iriga into the signing of R.A 5261 otherwise known as the Charter of Iriga City on July 8, 1968. The City, however, was formally organized and inaugurated as the third city of Bicol on September 3, 1968 by Presidential Proclamation and officiated by the President of the Philippines. Since then, Iriga City has developed tremendously making it not only as the center of trade and commerce in Rinconada area but the whole Bicol Region as well, as it is strategically located in between the cities of Naga and Legazpi.

Present

In 2004, Madelaine Alfelor-Gazmen, the daughter of the late Camarines Sur congressman, Ciriaco R. Alfelor and granddaughter of Camarines Sur Governor Felix O. Alfelor, became Iriga's first woman city mayor, and only the third city mayor after his uncle, Emmanuel R. Alfelor was similarly elected in 1994 and served the city for 3 consecutive terms (1994-2004).[5] On May 9, 2016, Iriga produced its first and only senator of the Republic through the successful ascension of senator and human rights defender Leila de Lima in the Philippine Senate.[6]

Mayors of Iriga City

CAPITAN MUNICIPAL

  • Don Felipe Monponbanua

(1898-1899)

PRESIDENTE MUNICIPAL

  • Don Felipe Monponbanua

(1899-1900)

  • Don Eulogio Mirando

(1923-1928)

  • Don Santiago Gonzales

(1929-1937)

MUNICIPAL MAYORS

  • Felix Alfelor, Sr.

(1938-1940)

  • Don Felix Monte

(1948-1951)

  • Don Santiago Ortega, Sr.

(1952-1955)

  • Perfecto Taduran

(1956-1959)

  • Jose C. Villanueva

(1960-1967)

CITY MAYORS

  • Jose C. Vilanueva

(1968-1980; March 1, 1988 – June 30, 1995)

  • Politico R. Corporal

(OIC - April 1980-Nov. 1986)

  • Salvador de Lima

(OIC - Dec. 1986-Nov. 1987)

  • Regino A. Revina

(OIC - Dec. 1987-March 1988)

  • Emmanuel R. Alfelor

(July 1, 1995 – June 30, 2004)

  • Madelaine Y. Alfelor-Gazmen

(July 1, 2004 – June 30, 2013 July 1, 2016 – present)

  • Ronald Felix Y. Alfelor

(July 1, 2013 – June 30, 2016)[5]

Geography

Iriga is bounded by the town of Buhi in the east, by the municipalities of Baao, Nabua and Bato in the west, by the province of Albay in the south, and by the municipalities of Ocampo and Sangay in the north.

Barangays

Iriga City is politically subdivided into 36 barangays.[7]

  • Antipolo
  • Cristo Rey
  • Del Rosario (Banao)
  • Francia
  • La Anunciacion
  • La Medalla
  • La Purisima
  • La Trinidad
  • Niño Jesus
  • Perpetual Help
  • Sagrada
  • Salvacion
  • San Agustin
  • San Andres
  • San Antonio
  • San Francisco
  • San Isidro
  • San Jose
  • San Juan
  • San Miguel
  • San Nicolas
  • San Pedro
  • San Rafael
  • San Ramon
  • San Roque
  • Santiago
  • San Vicente Norte
  • San Vicente Sur
  • Santa Cruz Norte
  • Santa Cruz Sur
  • Santa Elena
  • Santa Isabel
  • Santa Maria
  • Santa Teresita
  • Santo Domingo
  • Santo Niño

Demographics

Population census of Iriga
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 19,297—    
1918 24,145+1.51%
1939 31,005+1.20%
1948 42,049+3.44%
1960 75,439+4.99%
1970 77,382+0.25%
1975 75,885−0.39%
1980 66,113−2.72%
1990 74,269+1.17%
1995 82,482+1.98%
2000 88,893+1.62%
2007 97,983+1.35%
2010 105,919+2.87%
2015 111,757+1.03%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[8][9][10][11]

In the 2020 census, the population of Iriga, was 114,457 people,[3] with a density of 830 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,100 inhabitants per square mile.

Language

Irigueños or people of Iriga speak Rinconada Bikol language. Irigueños of Austronesian lineage are using Iriga variant while the indigenous and oboriginal groups of Agta or Negritos are using Agta variant of the language. Tagalog and English languages are also understood and spoken. Bikol Central is also commonly understood and spoken in the Rinconada area.

Religion

The majority of the city residents are Roman Catholic. The Archdiocese of Caceres has several parishes and churches in the city. The biggest church can be found at the center of the city (Saint Anthony of Padua) and the Lourdes grotto symbolizes the long history of Catholicism in Iriga. Tinagba, a harvest festival can be seen a fusion of folk tradition and Catholic saint celebration.

Iglesia ni Cristo is the largest minority religion in the city. The INC's district office of ecclesiastical district of Camarines Southeast (CSE) is located in Barangay San Nicolas. The office oversees the church members in Rinconada and Partido areas in Camarines Sur, and Burias island in Masbate. Thus, a large number of INC members can be found in the city. At present, Iglesia ni Cristo has four local congregations and two extensions in Iriga.

Islam is a new religion in the city and most of its members are immigrants from Mindanao island. LDS Church members are also numerous, as well as Jehovah's Witnesses. Baptist adherents are also active in the city.

Climate

Climate data for Iriga City, Camarines Sur
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 33
(91) 		32
(90) 		35
(95) 		37
(99) 		37
(99) 		36
(97) 		35
(95) 		33
(91) 		35
(95) 		34
(93) 		33
(91) 		32
(90) 		34
(94)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 26
(79) 		26
(79) 		28
(82) 		30
(86) 		31
(88) 		31
(88) 		29
(84) 		28
(82) 		29
(84) 		28
(82) 		28
(82) 		27
(81) 		28
(83)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 51.03
(2.01) 		78.13
(3.08) 		55.3
(2.18) 		83.07
(3.27) 		159.34
(6.27) 		239.88
(9.44) 		385.8
(15.19) 		391.75
(15.42) 		293.65
(11.56) 		401.33
(15.80) 		108.2
(4.26) 		334.9
(13.19) 		2,582.38
(101.67)
Average rainy days 21 24 19 20 25 29 31 29 29 29 27 30 313
Source: World Weather Online[12]

Economy

Iriga City Central Terminal

Iriga City Public Market is one of the busiest in the region which makes the city as the center of commerce in Rinconada district. The old Public Market was redesigned and reconstructed in 2010 and now hosts LCC supermarket, many local shops and several national chain restaurants. Sold at the new public market are locally grown and harvested organic produce such as tilapia harvested from nearby Lake Buhi and Lake Bato. Salt water fresh and dried fish from neighboring Balatan coast are sold in abundance in the market. Gift shops offering locally manufactured products made from local hemp, pili nut, bamboo and coconut are offered to local and foreign tourists.

The city is home to three major commercial complexes namely the LCC Mall Iriga, which was the second LCC Mall in the district, the UNP Town Mall near the University of Northeastern Philippines, Regent Central Commercial Complex and the newly built Gaisano Capital Iriga. National chain restaurants like Mang Inasal, Chowking, Jollibee, Biggs and Shakey's opened branches in the city. Many other fastfood and specialty restaurants are planning to open branches in the future including KFC and 1st Colonial Grill, that are planned to open at around 2019 at the Gaisano Capital Iriga . A new convention center was built in front of the Catholic Grotto hosts important events in the city.[13]

Tourism

Iriga Plaza Hotel

Found at the downtown Iriga is the City Park which is located near the cathedral and across the old City Hall. It is a well landscaped, Japanese-themed park with a huge spurting fountain at the center but was later replaced with a skating rink. Acacia trees are lit with colored lights during Christmas season. Surrounding the park are business establishments and landmarks such as the Lourdes Grotto which offers a great view of the downtown.

There is a number of waterfalls and springs found in the city. Several resorts and hotels were built to accommodate growing tourist arrivals. The old Ibalon Hotel was renovated and renamed as Iriga City Plaza Hotel. Local cuisine offering meat and vegetarian dishes with coconut milk and red chili peppers.

Infrastructure

A small central bus terminal was constructed in the city center to accommodate buses, shuttles and jeepneys going to Manila and neighboring cities. Philippine National Railways and Philippine Transportation Company (PHILTRANCO) maintain stations in Iriga City. Several hospitals operate in the city. A catholic-convent run Santa Maria Josefa Hospital is well- equipped and among the best in the region.

Energy

Power is supplied by the Camarines Sur Electric Cooperative (CASURECO) III. Electrification of far villages in the mountain and river districts was completed and now, the city is 100% electrified.

Telecommunications

Iriga City is served with several nationally operating telecom companies namely Digitel, Bayantel, PLDT, Smart, Globe and Sun cellular which offer telephone and internet services. These companies maintain major operations in the city. Iriga City is also the regional base of operations of TV and radio network RPN (Radio Philippines Network) Channel 9. Since 1968, its radio station RPN DZKI-AM (Radyo Ronda Iriga) and television station RPN DWKI-TV 10 (currently airing CNN Philippines) which has been operating from the city has dominated the airwaves. There are a few local cable TV operators that dominate the cable TV market, including GMA TV 13 Iriga (affiliated to DZAL of Rinconada Broadcasting Corp.) ABS-CBN Corporation has proposed to construct a relay station in the city, probably on a UHF channel, while TV5 planned to set up a 10 KW UHF relay station here. DZIJ-RJTV Channel 21 is set to open in the city.

Education

The city is home to two universities, several colleges and trade schools. The University of Saint Anthony, University of Northeastern Philippines, La Consolacion College, STI College, AMA Computer Learning Center and many others are located right within the city proper. These schools have students from the city and nearby towns. The city is host to a big number of student migrants from the region.

See also

References

  1. ^  City of Iriga | (DILG)
  2. ^ "Province: Camarines Sur". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. ^ a b c Census of Population (2020). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. ^ "PSA releases the 2015 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Quezon City, Philippines. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "History of Iriga City". Government of the Philippines. Retrieved 30 September 2018. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. ^ https://news.abs-cbn.com/halalan2016/nation/05/19/16/officially-winners-comelec-proclaims-12-elected-senators
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2012-05-06.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  9. ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region V (Bicol Region)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  10. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region V (Bicol Region)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  11. ^ "Province of Camarines Sur". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  12. ^ "Iriga City, Camarines Sur: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". World Weather Online. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  13. ^ ph.wowcity.com
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Iriga.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Iriga".
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iriga.
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