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FTSE 100 Index

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FTSE 100 Index
FTSE 100 Index performance between 1984 and 2015
Foundation1984[1]
OperatorFTSE Group[1]
ExchangesLondon Stock Exchange[1]
Constituents100[1]
TypeLarge cap
Market cap£1.814 trillion
(as of May 2020)[1]
Weighting methodCapitalisation-weighted[1]
Related indices
List
Websitewww.ftse.com

The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index, also called the FTSE 100 Index, FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "Footsie" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a share index of the 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with the highest market capitalisation. It is seen as a gauge of prosperity for businesses regulated by UK company law. The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group.

Overview

The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a now wholly owned subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange which originated as a joint venture between the Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every second when the market is open.

The FTSE 100 Index was launched on 3 January 1984. The market capitalisation weighted FTSE 100 index replaced the price-weighted FT30 Index as the performance benchmark for most investors.[2]

The FTSE 100 broadly consists of the largest 100 qualifying UK companies by full market value.[3] The total market value of a company is calculated by multiplying the share price of the company by the total number of shares they have issued.[4] Many of these are internationally focused companies, however, so the index's movements are a fairly weak indicator of how the UK economy is faring and are significantly affected by the exchange rates of the Pound.[5] A better indication of the UK economy is the FTSE 250 Index, as it contains a smaller proportion of international companies.[6]

Even though the FTSE All-Share Index is more comprehensive, the FTSE 100 is by far the most widely used UK stock market indicator. Other related indices are the FTSE 250 Index (which includes the next largest 250 companies after the FTSE 100), the FTSE 350 Index (which is the aggregation of the FTSE 100 and 250), FTSE SmallCap Index and the FTSE Fledgling Index. The FTSE All-Share aggregates the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 and FTSE SmallCap.

To be included in the index, a company must meet a number of requirements set out by the FTSE Group, including having a full listing on the London Stock Exchange with a Sterling or Euro denominated price on the Stock Exchange Electronic Trading Service, and meeting certain tests on nationality, free float, and liquidity.

Continuous trading on the London Stock Exchange starts at 08:00 and ends at 16:30 (when the closing auction starts), and closing values are taken at 16:35.

Weighting

In the FTSE indices, share prices are weighted by free-float capitalisation, so that the larger companies, with more of their stock "floating", make more of a difference to the index than smaller companies. The basic formula for these indices is:

The free float adjustment factor represents the percentage of all issued shares that are readily available for trading, rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5%. The free-float capitalisation of a company is its market capitalisation multiplied by its free float adjustment factor. It therefore does not include restricted stocks, such as those held by company insiders.

Record values

The index reached the following record values:

Category All-time highs
Closing 7,877.45 22 May 2018
Intraday 7,903.50 22 May 2018

The index began on 3 January 1984 at the base level of 1000. The highest closing value of 7,877.45 was reached on 22 May 2018.[7] The highest intra-day value of 7,903.50 was reached on 22 May 2018.[8]

Annual returns

The following table shows the annual development of the FTSE 100 Index, which was calculated back to 1969.[9][10][11]

Year Closing level Change in Index
in Points 		Change in Index
in %
1969 313.16
1970 289.61 −23.55 −7.52
1971 411.03 121.42 41.93
1972 463.72 52.69 12.82
1973 318.30 −145.42 −31.36
1974 142.17 −176.13 −55.33
1975 335.98 193.81 136.32
1976 322.98 −13.00 −3.87
1977 455.96 132.98 41.17
1978 468.06 12.10 2.65
1979 488.40 20.34 4.35
1980 620.60 132.20 27.07
1981 665.50 44.90 7.23
1982 812.37 146.87 22.07
1983 1,000.00 187.63 23.10
1984 1,232.20 232.20 23.22
1985 1,412.60 180.40 14.64
1986 1,679.00 266.40 18.86
1987 1,712.70 33.70 2.01
1988 1,793.10 80.40 4.69
1989 2,422.70 629.60 35.11
1990 2,143.50 −279.20 −11.52
1991 2,493.10 349.60 16.31
1992 2,846.50 353.40 14.18
1993 3,418.40 571.90 20.09
1994 3,065.50 −352.90 −10.32
1995 3,689.30 623.80 20.35
1996 4,118.50 429.20 11.63
1997 5,135.50 1,017.00 24.69
1998 5,882.60 747.10 14.55
1999 6,930.20 1,047.60 17.81
2000 6,222.46 −707.74 −10.21
2001 5,217.35 −1,005.11 −16.15
2002 3,940.36 −1,276.99 −24.48
2003 4,476.87 536.49 13.62
2004 4,814.30 337.57 7.54
2005 5,618.76 804.46 16.71
2006 6,220.81 602.05 10.71
2007 6,456.91 236.10 3.80
2008 4,434.17 −2,022.74 −31.33
2009 5,412.88 978.71 22.07
2010 5,899.94 487.06 9.00
2011 5,572.28 −327.66 −5.55
2012 5,897.81 325.53 5.84
2013 6,749.09 851.29 14.43
2014 6,566.09 −183.00 −2.71
2015 6,274.05 −292.04 −4.45
2016 7,142.83 868.78 13.85
2017 7,687.77 544.94 7.63
2018 6,728.13 −959.64 −12.48
2019 7,542.44 814.31 12.10
2020 6,460.52 −1,081.92 −14.34

Constituents in December 2020

The following table lists the FTSE 100 companies after the changes on 18 December 2020.[12]

Company EPIC FTSE Industry Classification Benchmark sector[13]
3i III Financial Services
Admiral Group ADM Nonlife Insurance
Anglo American plc AAL Mining
Antofagasta ANTO Mining
Ashtead Group AHT Support Services
Associated British Foods ABF Food Producers
AstraZeneca AZN Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology
Auto Trader Group AUTO Media
Avast AVST Software & Computer Services
Aveva AVV Software & Computer Services
Aviva AV. Life Insurance
B&M BME Retailers
BAE Systems BA. Aerospace & Defence
Barclays BARC Banks
Barratt Developments BDEV Household Goods & Home Construction
Berkeley Group Holdings BKG Household Goods & Home Construction
BHP BHP Mining
BP BP. Oil & Gas Producers
British American Tobacco BATS Tobacco
British Land BLND Real Estate Investment Trusts
BT Group BT-A Fixed Line Telecommunications
Bunzl BNZL Support Services
Burberry BRBY Personal Goods
Coca-Cola HBC CCH Beverages
Compass Group CPG Support Services
CRH plc CRH Construction & Materials
Croda International CRDA Chemicals
DCC plc DCC Support Services
Diageo DGE Beverages
Entain ENT Travel & Leisure
Evraz EVR Industrial Metals & Mining
Experian EXPN Support Services
Ferguson plc FERG Support Services
Flutter Entertainment FLTR Travel & Leisure
Fresnillo FRES Mining
GlaxoSmithKline GSK Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology
Glencore GLEN Mining
Halma HLMA Electronic & Electrical Equipment
Hargreaves Lansdown HL Financial Services
Hikma Pharmaceuticals HIK Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology
HSBC HSBA Banks
Imperial Brands IMB Tobacco
Informa INF Media
InterContinental Hotels Group IHG Travel & Leisure
Intermediate Capital Group ICP Investment Services
International Airlines Group IAG Travel & Leisure
Intertek ITRK Support Services
JD Sports JD. General Retailers
Johnson Matthey JMAT Chemicals
Just Eat Takeaway JET Software & Computer Services
Kingfisher KGF Retailers
Land Securities LAND Real Estate Investment Trusts
Legal & General LGEN Life Insurance
Lloyds Banking Group LLOY Banks
London Stock Exchange Group LSE Financial Services
M&G MNG Asset Managers
Melrose Industries MRO Automobiles & Parts
Mondi MNDI Forestry & Paper
Morrisons MRW Food & Drug Retailers
National Grid plc NG. Gas, Water & Multi-utilities
NatWest Group NWG Banks
Next plc NXT General Retailers
Ocado Group OCDO Food & Drug Retailers
Pearson plc PSON Media
Pennon Group PNN Water
Pershing Square Holdings PSH Financial Services
Persimmon plc PSN Household Goods & Home Construction
Phoenix Group PHNX Life Insurance
Polymetal International POLY Precious Metals & Mining
Prudential plc PRU Life Insurance
Reckitt Benckiser RB. Household Goods & Home Construction
RELX REL Media
Rentokil Initial RTO Support Services
Rio Tinto RIO Mining
Rightmove RMV Media
Rolls-Royce Holdings RR. Aerospace & Defence
Royal Dutch Shell RDSA Oil & Gas Producers
RSA Insurance Group RSA Nonlife Insurance
Sage Group SGE Software & Computer Services
Sainsbury's SBRY Food & Drug Retailers
Schroders SDR Financial Services
Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust SMT Equity Investment Instruments
Segro SGRO Real Estate Investment Trusts
Severn Trent SVT Gas, Water & Multi-utilities
Smith & Nephew SN. Health Care Equipment & Services
DS Smith SMDS General Industrials
Smiths Group SMIN General Industrials
Smurfit Kappa SKG General Industrials
Spirax-Sarco Engineering SPX Industrial Engineering
SSE plc SSE Electricity
Standard Chartered STAN Banks
Standard Life Aberdeen SLA Financial Services
St. James's Place plc STJ Life Insurance
Taylor Wimpey TW. Household Goods & Home Construction
Tesco TSCO Food & Drug Retailers
Unilever ULVR Personal Goods
United Utilities UU. Gas, Water & Multi-utilities
Vodafone Group VOD Mobile Telecommunications
Whitbread WTB Retail hospitality
WPP plc WPP Media

Past constituents

All changes are due to market capitalisation unless stated otherwise.

Source: "FTSE: FTSE 100 Constituent Changes" (PDF; 57.9 KB)

FT 30

Main article: FT 30

The oldest continuous index in the UK is the FT 30, also known as the Financial Times Index or the FT Ordinary Index (FTOI).[187] It was established in 1935 and nowadays is largely obsolete due to its redundancy. It is similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and companies listed are from the industrial and commercial sectors. Financial sector companies and government stocks are excluded.

Of the original constituents,[188] three are currently in the FTSE 100: Tate & Lyle, Imperial Tobacco and Rolls-Royce, although Rolls-Royce has not been continuously listed and Imperial Tobacco was a subsidiary of Hanson for a number of years, and is now renamed as Imperial Brands. Only one of the original FT 30 companies are still in that index:[189] Tate & Lyle (membership is not strictly based on market capitalisation, so this does not mean they are necessarily among the top thirty companies in the FTSE 100). The best performer from the original lineup has been Imperial Tobacco.[190]

See also

Other lists
Stock market lists

References

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