19th United States Congress: Difference between revisions
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*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsjlink.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress] |
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsjlink.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress] |
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*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhjlink.html#anchor2 House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress] |
*[http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhjlink.html#anchor2 House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress] |
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*[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060601025644/http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress] |
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*[http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History] |
*[http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History] |
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*[http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists] |
*[http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists] |
Revision as of 00:53, 17 September 2016
19th United States Congress | |
---|---|
18th ← → 20th | |
![]() United States Capitol (1827) | |
March 4, 1825 – March 4, 1827 | |
Members | 48 senators 213 representatives 3 non-voting delegates |
Senate majority | Jackson Men |
Senate President | John C. Calhoun (DR) |
House majority | Anti-Jackson |
House Speaker | John W. Taylor (DR) |
Sessions | |
Special: March 4, 1825 – March 9, 1825 1st: December 5, 1825 – May 22, 1826 2nd: December 4, 1826 – March 3, 1827 |
The Nineteenth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1825 to March 4, 1827, during the first two years of the administration of U.S. President John Quincy Adams. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fourth Census of the United States in 1820. The Senate had a majority of Jackson Men, while the House had an Anti-Jackson (pro-Adams) majority.
Major events
- March 4, 1825: John Quincy Adams inaugurated as President of the United States
- October 26, 1825: The Erie Canal opened, providing passage from Albany, New York to Buffalo and Lake Erie.
- July 4, 1826: Both Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on the 50th Anniversary of America's Independence
Major legislation
Treaties signed
- November 7, 1825: Treaty of St. Louis: 1,400 Missouri Shawnees were forcibly relocated from Missouri to Kansas
- January 24, 1826: Treaty of Washington between the United States government and the Creek National Council, in which they ceded much of their land in Georgia
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anti- Jacksonian (A) |
Jacksonian (J) | Other |
|||
End of previous congress | 16[a] | 12[b] | 20[c] | 48 | 0 |
Begin | 20 | 25 | 0 | 45 | 3 |
End | 23 | 48 | 0 | ||
Final voting share | 47.9% | 52.1% | 0.0% | ||
Beginning of next congress | 20 | 27 | 1 | 48 | 0 |
House of Representatives
Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anti- Jacksonian (A) |
Jacksonian (J) | Other |
|||
End of previous congress | 87[d] | 71[e] | 55[f] | 213 | 0 |
Begin | 108 | 105 | 0 | 213 | 0 |
End | 110 | 103 | |||
Final voting share | 51.6% | 48.4% | 0.0% | ||
Beginning of next congress | 102 | 110 | 0 | 212 | 1 |
Leadership
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/BustJohnCalhoun.jpg/175px-BustJohnCalhoun.jpg)
John C. Calhoun
Senate
- President: John C. Calhoun (J)
- President pro tempore: John Gaillard (J), until December 4, 1825
- Nathaniel Macon (J), from May 20, 1826
House of Representatives
- Speaker: John W. Taylor (A)
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1826; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1828; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1830.
|
|
House of Representatives
Changes in membership
This count reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- replacements: 7
- Adams (A): 3-seat net gain
- Jacksonian (J): no net change
- deaths: 4
- resignations: 6
- interim appointments: 4
- Total seats with changes: 13
Template:Ordinal US Congress Senate
|-
| New Hampshire
(3)
| Vacant
| style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Levi Woodbury (J)
| Installed March 16, 1825
|-
| Connecticut
(3)
| Vacant
| style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Calvin Willey (A)
| Installed May 4, 1825
|-
| New York
(3)
| Vacant
| style="font-size:80%" | Seat remained vacant
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Nathan Sanford (A)
| Installed January 14, 1826 after resigning as Chancellor of New York
|-
| Virginia
(1)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | James Barbour (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 7, 1825 after being appointed US Secretary of War
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John Randolph (J)
| Appointed December 26, 1825
|-
| Mississippi
(1)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | David Holmes (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 25, 1825 after being elected Governor of Mississippi
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Powhatan Ellis (J)
| Appointed September 28, 1825
|-
| Tennessee
(2)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Andrew Jackson (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 14, 1825
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Hugh Lawson White (J)
| Installed October 28, 1825
|-
| Rhode Island
(1)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James De Wolf (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 31, 1825
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Asher Robbins (A)
| Appointed October 31, 1825
|-
| Maryland
(3)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Edward Lloyd (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 14, 1826 after being elected to the Maryland State Senate
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Ezekiel F. Chambers (A)
| Elected January 24, 1826
|-
| Alabama
(3)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Henry H. Chambers (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died January 24, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Israel Pickens (J)
| Appointed February 17, 1826
|-
| Mississippi
(1)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Powhatan Ellis (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected January 28, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Thomas B. Reed (J)
| Installed January 28, 1826
|-
| South Carolina
(3)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John Gaillard (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died February 26, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Harper (J)
| Appointed March 8, 1826
|-
| Delaware
(2)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Nicholas Van Dyke (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died May 21, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Daniel Rodney (A)
| Appointed November 8, 1826
|-
| Massachusetts
(2)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James Lloyd (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 23, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Nathaniel Silsbee (A)
| Installed May 31, 1826
|-
| New Jersey
(1)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Joseph McIlvaine (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died August 19, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Ephraim Bateman(A)
| Installed November 10, 1826
|-
| Alabama
(3)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Israel Pickens (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 27, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John McKinley (J)
| Installed November 27, 1826
|-
| South Carolina
(3)
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Harper (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Successor elected November 29, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Smith (J)
| Installed November 29, 1826
|-
| Delaware
(2)
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Daniel Rodney (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 12, 1827 after successor was elected
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Henry M. Ridgely (A)
| Installed January 23, 1827
|}
House of Representatives
- replacements: 11
- Anti-Jackson: 1 seat net gain
- Jackson Men: 1 seat net loss
- deaths: 5
- resignations: 10
- contested election: 1
- Total seats with changes: 16
Template:Ordinal US Congress Rep
|-
| Pennsylvania
16th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | James Allison, Jr. (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned some time in 1825 before the assembling of Congress
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Robert Orr, Jr. (J)
| Seated October 11, 1825
|-
| Kentucky
3rd
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Henry Clay (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 6, 1825 after being appointed US Secretary of State
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | James Clark (A)
| Seated August 1, 1825
|-
| South Carolina
1st
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Joel R. Poinsett (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 7, 1825 after being appointed Minister to Mexico
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Drayton (J)
| Seated May 17, 1825
|-
| New York
20th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Egbert Ten Eyck (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election December 15, 1825
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Daniel Hugunin, Jr. (A)
| Seated December 15, 1825
|-
| Virginia
5th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John Randolph (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 26, 1825 after being appointed to the US Senate
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | George W. Crump (J)
| Seated January 21, 1826
|-
| Maryland
2nd
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Joseph Kent (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 6, 1826 after being elected Governor of Maryland
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | John C. Weems (J)
| Seated February 1, 1826
|-
| Pennsylvania
18th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Patrick Farrelly (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died January 12, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas H. Sill (A)
| Seated March 14, 1826
|-
| Mississippi
At-large
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Christopher Rankin (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died March 14, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | William Haile (J)
| Seated July 10, 1826
|-
| North Carolina
8th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Willie P. Mangum (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 18, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Daniel L. Barringer (J)
| Seated December 4, 1826
|-
| Pennsylvania
13th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Alexander Thomson (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 1, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Chauncey Forward (J)
| Seated December 4, 1826
|-
| Ohio
10th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | David Jennings (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 25, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas Shannon (A)
| Seated December 4, 1826
|-
| Kentucky
5th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | James Johnson (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died August 13, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Robert L. McHatton (J)
| Seated December 7, 1826
|-
| Pennsylvania
7th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Henry Wilson (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died August 14, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Jacob Krebs (J)
| Seated December 4, 1826
|-
| Kentucky
12th
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Robert P. Henry (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died August 25, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | John F. Henry (A)
| Seated December 11, 1826
|-
| Maine
5th
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Enoch Lincoln (A)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned before September 11, 1826
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | James W. Ripley (J)
| Seated September 11, 1826
|-
| Pennsylvania
2nd
| style="background-color:#DDEEFF" | Joseph Hemphill (J)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned before October 10, 1826
| style="background-color:#FFE6B0" | Thomas Kittera (A)
| Seated October 10, 1826
|}
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Senate
House of Representatives
Joint committees
Employees
Senate
- Chaplain: William Staughton (Baptist), elected December 12, 1825
- William Ryland (Methodist), elected December 8, 1826
- Secretary of the Senate: Charles Cutts, until December 12, 1825
- Walter Lowrie, elected December 12, 1825
- Sergeant at Arms: Mountjoy Bayly
House of Representatives
- Chaplain: Reuben Post (Presbyterian)
- Clerk: Matthew St. Clair Clarke
- Doorkeeper: Benjamin Birch
- Sergeant at Arms: John O. Dunn
See also
- United States elections, 1824 (elections leading to this Congress)
- United States elections, 1826 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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(help) - Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
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External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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tags or {{efn}}
templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
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template (see the help page).