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*Fellow of [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] (1994).
*Fellow of [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] (1994).
*[[Talar Mausiquee]] from Republic of Iran (1992).
*[[Talar Mausiquee]] from Republic of Iran (1992).
*[[Padma Vibhushan]] (1980)<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Awards | publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India | date=2015 | accessdate=July 21, 2015}}</ref>
*[[Padma Vibhushan]] (1980)<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |accessdate=July 21, 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6U68ulwpb?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmha.nic.in%2Fsites%2Fupload_files%2Fmha%2Ffiles%2FLST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archivedate=15 November 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref>
*[[Padma Bhushan]] (1968)<ref name="Padma Awards" />
*[[Padma Bhushan]] (1968)<ref name="Padma Awards" />
*[[Padma Shri]] (1961)<ref name="Padma Awards" />
*[[Padma Shri]] (1961)<ref name="Padma Awards" />
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*[[Visva Bharati University]], [[Santiniketan]]
*[[Visva Bharati University]], [[Santiniketan]]


Others include<ref name=REDIFFUBK2>{{cite web | title=Standard IX Textbook&nbsp;– Step to English, Chapter 13: Shehnai Maestro Bismillah Khan| publisher = National Council for Education Research and Training | url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/textbooks/IX/step_to_eng_TextBook/Chapter%2013.pdf | format = PDF | accessdate=2006-09-21 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060927074354/http://www.ncert.nic.in/textbooks/IX/step_to_eng_TextBook/Chapter+13.pdf <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 27 September 2006}}</ref>
Others include<ref name=REDIFFUBK2>{{cite web|title=Standard IX Textbook&nbsp;– Step to English, Chapter 13: Shehnai Maestro Bismillah Khan |publisher=National Council for Education Research and Training |url=http://www.ncert.nic.in/textbooks/IX/step_to_eng_TextBook/Chapter%2013.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=2006-09-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927074354/http://www.ncert.nic.in/textbooks/IX/step_to_eng_TextBook/Chapter+13.pdf |archivedate=27 September 2006 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }}</ref>
* Was invited by the then [[Prime Minister of India]] Pandit [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to play [[shehnai]] on the first Independence Day (15 August 1947) in [[Delhi]]'s [[Red Fort]].
* Was invited by the then [[Prime Minister of India]] Pandit [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to play [[shehnai]] on the first Independence Day (15 August 1947) in [[Delhi]]'s [[Red Fort]].
* Participated in [[Expo 67|World Exposition]] in Montreal
* Participated in [[Expo 67|World Exposition]] in Montreal
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* http://www.artists-india.com/instrumentalists/S-Ballesh
* http://www.artists-india.com/instrumentalists/S-Ballesh
* http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/clear-and-sparkling/article6079.ece
* http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/music/clear-and-sparkling/article6079.ece
* http://www.indianstage.in/EventDetails.do?eventId=5566#.UtJ13NncbN0
* https://web.archive.org/web/20140102194104/http://www.indianstage.in/EventDetails.do?eventId=5566#.UtJ13NncbN0
*{{IMDb name|id=0451190|name=Ustad Bismillah Khan}}
*{{IMDb name|id=0451190|name=Ustad Bismillah Khan}}


Revision as of 08:14, 3 November 2016

For the Pakistani cricketer, see Bismillah Khan (cricketer). For the Afghan army officer, see Bismillah Khan Mohammadi.

Bismillah Khan
Khan in concert (1964)
Khan in concert (1964)
Background information
Birth nameQamaruddin Khan
Born(1916-03-21)21 March 1916
Dumraon, Buxar District, Bihar, British India
OriginIndia
Died21 August 2006(2006-08-21) (aged 90)
Varanasi, Purvanchal, India
GenresIndian classical music
Occupation(s)Musician
Instrument(s)Shehnai

Bismillah Khan (21 March 1916 – 21 August 2006), often referred to by the honorific title Ustad, was an Indian musician credited with popularizing the shehnai, a subcontinental wind instrument of the oboe class. While the shehnai had long held importance as a folk instrument played primarily during traditional ceremonies, Khan is credited with elevating its status and bringing it to the concert stage.[1][2]

He was awarded India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna, in 2001, becoming the third classical musician after M. S. Subbulakshmi and Ravi Shankar to be accorded this distinction.[2]

Early life

Khan was born on 21 March 1916 in a family of traditional Muslim musicians in Bhirung Raut Ki Gali, Dumraon, in what is now the eastern state of Bihar, as the second son of Paigambar Baksh Khan and Mitthan. [3] [4] While named Qamaruddin at birth to rhyme with Shamsuddin, his elder brother, his grandfather Rasool Baksh Khan exclaimed Bismillah ("In the name of Allah!") upon looking at the newborn, and thereafter he came to be known by this name. [1] [4] His father was a court musician employed in the Dumrao palace by the Raja of Bhojpur. His great grandfather Hussain Baksh and grandfather Rasool Baksh were also musicians in the Dumrao palace. [3]

His ancestors were court musicians and used to play in Naqqar khana in the princely states of Bhojpur, now in Bihar. His father was a shehnai player in the court of Maharaja Keshav Prasad Singh of Dumraon Estate, Bihar.

At the age of six, he moved to Varanasi.[2] He received his training under his uncle, the late Ali Baksh 'Vilayatu', a shehnai player attached to Varanasi's Vishwanath Temple.[5]

Government of Bihar has proposed setting up of a museum, a town hall-cum-library and installation of a life-size statue at his birthplace in Dumraon.[6]

Religious beliefs

Khan was a pious Shi'ite Muslim, and was also a symbol of communal harmony.[7] He also performed for spiritual master Prem Rawat.[8]

Career

Khan was perhaps single-handedly responsible for making the shehnai a famous classical instrument. He brought the shehnai to the center stage of Indian music with his concert in the Calcutta All India Music Conference in 1937. He was credited with having the almost monopoly over the instrument as he and the shehnai are almost synonyms.

Khan is one of the finest musicians in post-independent Indian classical music and one of the best examples of Hindu-Muslim unity in India. He played the shehnai to audiences across the world. He was known to be so devoted to his art form that he referred to shehnai as his begum (wife in Urdu) after his wife died. On his death, as an honour, his shehnai was buried with him. He was known for his vision of spreading peace and love through music.

Even if the world ends, the music will still survive.

Music has no caste.

Performances at Red Fort

Khan had the rare honor of performing at Delhi's Red Fort on the eve of India's Independence in 1947. He also performed raga Kafi from the Red Fort on the eve of India's first Republic Day ceremony, on 26 January 1950. His recital had become a cultural part of India's Independence Day celebrations, telecast on Doordarshan every year on 15 August. After the prime minister's speech from Lal Qila (the Red Fort) in Old Delhi, Doordarshan would broadcast a live performance by the shehnai maestro. This tradition dated from the days of Jawaharlal Nehru.

Popular culture

Khan had a brief association with movies. He played the shehnai for super star Dr.Rajkumar's role of Appanna in the Kannada movie Sanaadi Appanna which became a blockbuster. He acted in Jalsaghar, a movie by Satyajit Ray and provided sound of shehnai in Goonj Uthi Shehnai (1959). Noted director Goutam Ghose directed Sange Meel Se Mulaqat, a documentary about the life of Khan.[5] In the 1967 film The Graduate, there is a poster advertising "Bismillah Khan and the seven musicians" on a busy street of Berkeley, California.

Students

Khan seldom accepted students. He thought that if he would be able to share his knowledge it wouldn't be useful as it would only give his students a little knowledge. Some of his followers include S. Ballesh,[9] as well as Khan's own sons, Nazim Hussain and Nayyar Hussain.[10]

Personal life

On 17 August 2006, Khan was taken ill and admitted to the Heritage Hospital, Varanasi for treatment.[11] He died after four days on 21 August 2006 because of a cardiac arrest. He is survived by five daughters, three sons and a large number of grandchildren and great-grandchildren, and his adopted daughter Soma Ghosh. a Hindustani Shastriya Sangeet exponent).[12]

The Government of India declared a day of national mourning on his death. His body along with a Shehnai was buried at Fatemain burial ground of old Varanasi under a neem tree with 21-gun salute from Indian Army.[13]

Legacy

Sangeet Natak Akademi, New Delhi, instituted the Ustad Bismillah Khan Yuva Puraskar in 2007, in his honour. It is given to young artists in the field of music, theatre and dance.[14]

Awards and recognitions

Awards

Recognitions

Bismillah Khan had honorary doctorates from

Others include[16]

Discography

Albums
  • Sanaadi Appanna – Played shehnai for Rajkumar's role in the movie.
  • Goonj Uthi Shehnai (1959) – shehnai recitals throughout the movie for Rajendra Kumar's role.
  • Maestro's Choice (February 1994)
  • Megh Malhar, Vol. 4 (the other piece in the album is by Kishori Amonkar) (September 1994)
  • Live at the Queen Elizabeth Hall (September 2000)
  • Live in London, Vol. 2 (September 2000)
Contributing artist

Biographies

  • Bismillah Khan: the shehnai maestro, by Neeraja Poddar. Rupa & Co., 2004. ISBN 81-291-0351-6.
  • Monograph on Shehnai maestro Bismillah Khan, by Amar jyoti, Shivnath Jha, Alok Jain, Anjali Sinha. Pub. Neena Jha & Shivnath Jha, 2005. ISBN

8175256400.

  • Bismillah Khan and Banaras: the seat of shehnai, by Rita Ganguly. Siddhi Books, 1994.
  • Shahnai Vadak Ustad Bismillah Khan, by Murli Manohar Shrivastava. Prabhat Prakashan, 2009. ISBN 9788173157356.
  • Bismillah Khan: The Maestro from Benaras, by Juhi Sinha. Niyogi Books, 2011. ISBN 978-81-89738-91-4.

References

  1. ^ a b "Virtuoso musician who introduced the shehnai to a global audience". The Independent. 22 August 2006. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
  2. ^ a b c "Indian music's soulful maestro". BBC News. 21 August 2006. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
  3. ^ a b Massey, Reginald (22 August 2006). "Bismillah Khan". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Ustad Bismillah Khan passes away". ITC Sangeet Research Academy. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
  5. ^ a b Bismillah Khan: The Shehnai Maestro by Neeraja Poddar, Rupa & Co., New Delhi, 2004.
  6. ^ "Ustad Bismillah Khan's Birthplace in Bihar faces wrath of negligence". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
  7. ^ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5270968.stm
  8. ^ Bismillah Khan Performs Music For Guru Maharaji Prem Rawat on YouTube
  9. ^ Lalithaa Krishnan (20 August 2009). "Clear and sparkling". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
  10. ^ "Ustad's son chosen to carry on his legacy". The Times of India. 23 August 2006. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  11. ^ "Ustad Bismillah Khan hospitalised". Times of India. 17 August 2006. Retrieved 13 March 2007.
  12. ^ "Bismillah Khan". Personalities. webindia123.com. Retrieved 13 March 2007.
  13. ^ "India mourns legendary musician". BBC. 21 August 2006. Retrieved 13 March 2007.
  14. ^ Sangeet Natak Akademi, Youth Awards, Feb 2007 [dead link]
  15. ^ a b c "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 November 2014. Retrieved July 21, 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ "Standard IX Textbook – Step to English, Chapter 13: Shehnai Maestro Bismillah Khan" (PDF). National Council for Education Research and Training. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bismillah Khan.
Wikiquote has quotations related to Bismillah Khan.
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