Academy Award for Best Original Score: Difference between revisions
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Note: From 1995 to 1998, songwriters and lyricists along with orchestral underscore composers were also eligible for nominations in the "Musical or Comedy Score" category.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp |title=Academy Awards Database – AMPAS |publisher=Awardsdatabase.oscars.org |date= |accessdate=2014-05-15}}</ref> |
Note: From 1995 to 1998, songwriters and lyricists along with orchestral underscore composers were also eligible for nominations in the "Musical or Comedy Score" category.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp |title=Academy Awards Database – AMPAS |publisher=Awardsdatabase.oscars.org |date= |accessdate=2014-05-15 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208011732/http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput.jsp |archivedate=2009-02-08 }}</ref> |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* [http://www.oscars.org/ Oscars.org] (official Academy site) |
* [http://www.oscars.org/ Oscars.org] (official Academy site) |
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* [http://www.oscars.org/awardsdatabase/index.html The Academy Awards Database] (official site) |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080913120840/http://www.oscars.org/awardsdatabase/index.html The Academy Awards Database] (official site) |
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* [http://www.oscar.com/ Oscar.com] (official ceremony promotional site) |
* [http://www.oscar.com/ Oscar.com] (official ceremony promotional site) |
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Revision as of 18:52, 25 June 2017
Academy Award for Best Original Score | |
---|---|
Country | United States |
Presented by | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences |
First awarded | February 27, 1935 |
Currently held by | Justin Hurwitz La La Land (2016) |
Website | oscars |
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is presented to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer.[1]
History
The Academy began awarding movies for their scores in 1935. The category was originally called 'Best Scoring'. At the time, winners and nominees were a mix of original scores and adaptations of pre-existing material. Following the controversial win of Charles Previn for One Hundred Men and a Girl in 1938, a film without a credited composer that featured pre-existing classical music, the Academy added a 'Best Original Score' category in 1939.[2] In 1942, the distinction between the two Scoring categories changed slightly as they were renamed to 'Best Music Score of a Dramatic Picture' and 'Best Scoring of a Musical Picture'. This marked the first time the category was split into separate genres, a distinction that technically still lasts today, although there haven't been enough submissions for the musical category to be awarded since 1985. From 1942 to 1985, musical scores had their own category, with the exception of 1958, 1981 and 1982, where there were not enough submissions. During that time, both categories had many name changes:
1. Non-musical scores
- Best Music Score of a Dramatic Picture (1942)
- Best Music Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture (1943-1962)
- Best Music Score--substantially original (1963-1966)
- Best Original Music Score (1967-1968)
- Best Original Score--for a motion picture [not a musical] (1969-1970)
- Best Original Score (1971)
- Best Original Dramatic Score (1972-1975)
- Best Original Score (1976-1995)
- Best Original Dramatic Score (1996-1999)
- Best Original Score (2000-today)
2. Musical scores
- Best Scoring of a Musical Picture (1942-1962)
- Best Scoring of Music--adaptation or treatment (1963-1968)
- Best Score of a Musical Picture--original or adaptation (1969-1970)
- Best Original Song Score (1971)
- Best Scoring: Adaptation and Original Song Score (1972-1973)
- Best Scoring: Original Song Score and Adaptation -or- Scoring: Adaptation (1974-1976)
- Best Original Song Score and Its Adaptation or Adaptation Score (1977-1978)
- Best Adaptation Score (1979)
- Best Original Song Score and Its Adaptation -or- Adaptation Score (1980, 1983)
- Best Original Song Score or Adaptation Score (1984)
- Best Original Song Score (1985)
- Best Original Musical or Comedy Score (1996-1999)
Following the wins of 4 Walt Disney Feature Animation films in 6 years from 1990 to 1995 (The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin and The Lion King) during a period that was called the Disney Renaissance, it was decided to once again split the 'Best Original Score' category by genres, this time by combining comedies and musicals together. As Alan Bergman, the chairman of the academy's music branch said, "People were voting for the songs, not the underscores. We felt that academy members outside the music branch didn't distinguish between the two. So when a score like 'The Lion King' is competing against a drama like 'Forrest Gump,' it's apples and oranges -- not in the quality of the score, but in the way it functions in the movie. There's a big difference."[3] The category was therefore split into 'Best Original Dramatic Score' and 'Best Original Musical or Comedy Score' in 1996. This change proved unpopular in the other branches of the Academy as Charles Bernstein, chairman of the academy's rules committee noted, "no other Oscar category depended on a film's genre", and "the job of composing an underscore for a romantic comedy is not substantially different from working on a heavy drama".[4] This split was reverted in 2000.
The Best Original Musical category still exists today, although there haven't been enough submissions to warrant its activation since it was re-established in 2000.
Superlatives
These are only for nominations in the Scoring categories. Nominations in other categories, such as the Original Song category, are not included.
Category | Name | Superlative | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Most Awards | Alfred Newman | 9 awards | Awards resulted from 41 nominations |
Most Nominations | John Williams | 50 nominations | Nominations resulted in 5 awards |
Most Nominations without an Award | Alex North | 14 nominations | Received an Academy Honorary Award |
Only one composer has won two Scoring Oscars the same year: in 1973, Marvin Hamlisch won Original Dramatic Score for The Way We Were and Best Adaptation Score, for The Sting. Hamlisch also won Best Song that year for The Way We Were (song), making him the only composer to win three music Oscars in the same year.
Only one composer has won Oscars three years in a row: Roger Edens won for Easter Parade (1948), On the Town (1949) and Annie Get Your Gun (1950).
Eight composers have won Oscars two years in a row:
- Ray Heindorf won for Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942) and This is the Army (1943).
- Franz Waxman won for Sunset Boulevard (1950) and A Place in the Sun (1951).
- Alfred Newman won for With a Song in My Heart (1952) and Call Me Madam (1953). He won again for Love is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955) and The King and I (1956).
- Adolph Deutsch won for Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954) and Oklahoma! (1955).
- André Previn won for Gigi (1958) and 1959's Porgy and Bess (1959). He won again for Irma La Douce (1963) and My Fair Lady (1964).
- Leonard Rosenman won for Barry Lyndon (1975) and Bound for Glory (1976).
- Alan Menken won for Beauty and The Beast (1991) and Aladdin (1992).
- Gustavo Santaolalla won for Brokeback Mountain (2005) and Babel (2006).
Female nominees
Three women have won in the scoring categories. Two are composers: Rachel Portman, who won for Emma (1996), and Anne Dudley, who won for The Full Monty (1997); the third, is lyricist Marilyn Bergman, who won for Yentl (1983) in the Original Song Score category, sharing the award with co-lyricist Alan Bergman (her husband) and composer Michel Legrand.
The only female composers nominated for multiple Scoring Oscars are Rachel Portman, who was nominated for Emma (1996) (for which she won for Best Original Score), The Cider House Rules (1999) and Chocolat (2000); and Angela Morley, who was nominated twice in the Original Song or Adaptation Score category for The Little Prince (1974) and The Slipper and the Rose (1976).
In total, only five women have been nominated in Music Score categories: Rachel Portman, Anne Dudley, Marilyn Bergman, Angela Morley and Mica Levi.
Notable nominees
Dmitri Shostakovich and Duke Ellington were both nominated the same year but lost to arrangers of West Side Story.
The scores of Midnight Express by Giorgio Moroder in 1979, Slumdog Millionaire by A. R. Rahman in 2009, The Social Network in 2011 by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross and Her by William Butler and Owen Pallett in 2014 are the only scores with electronic based music ever to be nominated, with the first three winning the award.
Noted nominated composers known for their music mostly outside the film world include: Aaron Copland, Kurt Weill, Gian-Carlo Menotti, Philip Glass, John Corigliano, Peter Maxwell Davies, Randy Newman, Richard Rodney Bennett, Stephen Schwartz, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Artie Shaw, Trent Reznor, Quincy Jones and Herbie Hancock.
Rock musicians and pop stars are most often nominated in the songwriting category. A handful that were nominated in the Scoring categories includes: John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Prince, Pete Townshend, Rod McKuen, Isaac Hayes, Kris Kristofferson, Quincy Jones, Randy Newman, Anthony Newley, Paul Williams, Tom Waits, David Byrne, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Trent Reznor and Matthew Wilder.
Record producers George Martin (the Beatles) and Jerry Wexler (Atlantic Records) also received nominations in the Scoring categories.
At the age of 87, Ennio Morricone became the oldest winner in Oscar history for a competitive award.[5][6]
Multiple nominations
The following is a list of composers nominated more than once and winning at least one Academy Award (in this category). This list is sorted by number of awards, with the number of total nominations listed in parentheses. These do not include nominations (or awards) in the Best Original Song category.
The following composers have been nominated for a Best Original Score Oscar more than once but have yet to garner one. The number of nominations is listed in parentheses. These do not include nominations (or awards) in the Best Original Song category.
Deceased:
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Living:
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Winners and nominees
The following is the list of nominated composers organized by year, and listing both films and composers. The years shown in the following list of winners are the production years, thus a reference to 1967 means the Oscars presented in 1968 for films released in 1967.
Note: From 1934–1937, the head of the music department (rather than the actual composer or composers, in most cases) received the nominations or award.
Note: From 1937–1945, any studio was guaranteed a nomination just by submitting a qualified entry.
1930s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees |
---|---|---|
1934 | One Night of Love – Columbia Studio Music Department, Louis Silvers, head of department (Thematic Music by Victor Schertzinger and Gus Kahn) |
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1935 | The Informer – RKO Radio Studio Music Department, Max Steiner, head of department (Score by Steiner) |
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1936 | Anthony Adverse – Warner Bros. Studio Music Department, Leo F. Forbstein, head of department (Score by Erich Wolfgang Korngold) |
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1937 | One Hundred Men and a Girl – Universal Studio Music Department, Charles Previn, head of department (no composer credit) |
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1938 | Original Score: The Adventures of Robin Hood – Erich Wolfgang Korngold |
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Musical Score: Alexander's Ragtime Band – Newman |
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1939 | Original Score: The Wizard of Oz – Herbert Stothart |
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Musical Score: Stagecoach – Richard Hageman, W. Franke Harling, John Leipold, Leo Shuken |
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1940s
1950s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees |
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1950 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Sunset Boulevard – Franz Waxman |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Annie Get Your Gun – Adolph Deutsch, Roger Edens |
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1951 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: A Place in the Sun – Franz Waxman |
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Score of a Musical Picture: An American in Paris – Johnny Green, Saul Chaplin |
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1952 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: High Noon – Dimitri Tiomkin |
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Score of a Musical Picture: With a Song in My Heart – Alfred Newman |
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1953 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Lili – Bronislau Kaper |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Call Me Madam – Alfred Newman |
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1954 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: The High and the Mighty – Dimitri Tiomkin |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Seven Brides for Seven Brothers – Adolph Deutsch, Saul Chaplin |
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1955 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing – Alfred Newman |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Oklahoma! – Robert Russell Bennett, Jay Blackton, Adolph Deutsch |
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1956 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Around the World in 80 Days – Victor Young (p.a.) |
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Score of a Musical Picture: The King and I – Alfred Newman, Ken Darby |
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1957 | Original Score: The Bridge on the River Kwai – Malcolm Arnold |
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1958 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: The Old Man and the Sea – Dimitri Tiomkin |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Gigi – André Previn |
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1959 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Ben-Hur – Miklós Rózsa |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Porgy and Bess – André Previn, Ken Darby |
1960s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees|- |
---|---|---|
1960 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Exodus – Ernest Gold |
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Score of a Musical Picture: Song without End (The Story of Franz Liszt) – Morris Stoloff & Harry Sukman |
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1961 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Breakfast at Tiffany's – Henry Mancini |
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Score of a Musical Picture: West Side Story – Saul Chaplin, Johnny Green, Sid Ramin & Irwin Kostal |
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1962 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Lawrence of Arabia – Maurice Jarre |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): The Music Man – Ray Heindorf |
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1963 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Tom Jones – John Addison |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): Irma la Douce – André Previn |
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1964 | Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture: Mary Poppins – Sherman Brothers |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): My Fair Lady – André Previn |
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1965 | Original Score: Doctor Zhivago – Maurice Jarre |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): The Sound of Music – Irwin Kostal |
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1966 | Original Score: Born Free – John Barry |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum – Ken Thorne |
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1967 | Original Score: Thoroughly Modern Millie – Elmer Bernstein |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): Camelot – Alfred Newman & Ken Darby |
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1968 | Original Score: The Lion in Winter – John Barry |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): Oliver! – Adaptation score by Johnny Green |
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1969 | Original Score: Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid – Burt Bacharach |
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Score of a Musical Picture (adaptation or treatment): Hello, Dolly! – Adaptation score by Lennie Hayton & Lionel Newman |
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1970s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees|- |
---|---|---|
1970 | Original Dramatic Score: Love Story – Francis Lai |
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Original Song Score: Let It Be – Music & Lyrics by The Beatles |
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1971 | Original Dramatic Score: Summer of '42 – Michel Legrand |
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Original Song Score and Adaptation: Fiddler on the Roof – Adaptation Score by John Williams |
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1972 | Original Dramatic Score: Limelight – Charlie Chaplin, Raymond Rasch (p.a.), & Larry Russell (p.a.) (Note: This film was originally screened in 1952, but it was not shown in Los Angeles until 1972, at which point it became eligible for this nomination) |
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Original Song Score and Adaptation: Cabaret – Adaptation Score by Ralph Burns |
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1973 | Original Dramatic Score: The Way We Were – Marvin Hamlisch |
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Original Song Score and Adaptation: The Sting – Adaptation Score by Marvin Hamlisch |
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1974 | Original Dramatic Score: The Godfather Part II – Nino Rota & Carmine Coppola |
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Original Song Score and Adaptation: The Great Gatsby – Adaptation Score by Nelson Riddle |
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1975 | Original Dramatic Score: Jaws – John Williams |
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Original Song Score and Adaptation: Barry Lyndon – Adaptation Score by Leonard Rosenman |
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1976 | Original Score: The Omen – Jerry Goldsmith |
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Original Song or Adaptation Score: Bound for Glory – Adaptation Score by Leonard Rosenman |
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1977 | Original Score: Star Wars – John Williams |
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Original Song or Adaptation Score: A Little Night Music – Adaptation Score by Jonathan Tunick |
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1978 | Original Score: Midnight Express – Giorgio Moroder |
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Original Adaptation Score: The Buddy Holly Story – Joe Renzetti |
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1979 | Original Score: A Little Romance – Georges Delerue |
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Original Song or Adaptation Score: All That Jazz – Adaptation Score by Ralph Burns |
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1980s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees |
---|---|---|
1980 | Fame – Michael Gore |
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1981 | Chariots of Fire – Vangelis |
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1982 | Original Score: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial – John Williams |
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Original Song or Adaptation Score: Victor Victoria – Song Score by Henry Mancini, Leslie Bricusse Adaptation Score by Mancini |
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1983 | Original Score: The Right Stuff – Bill Conti |
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Original Song or Adaptation Score: Yentl – Song Score by Michel Legrand, Alan & Marilyn Bergman |
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1984 | Original Score: A Passage to India – Maurice Jarre |
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Original Song Score: Purple Rain – Prince |
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1985 | Out of Africa – John Barry |
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1986 | Round Midnight – Herbie Hancock |
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1987 | The Last Emperor – Ryuichi Sakamoto, David Byrne, Cong Su |
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1988 | The Milagro Beanfield War – Dave Grusin |
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1989 | The Little Mermaid – Alan Menken |
1990s
Note: From 1995 to 1998, songwriters and lyricists along with orchestral underscore composers were also eligible for nominations in the "Musical or Comedy Score" category.[7]
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees |
---|---|---|
1990 | Dances with Wolves – John Barry |
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1991 | Beauty and the Beast – Alan Menken |
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1992 | Aladdin – Alan Menken |
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1993 | Schindler's List – John Williams |
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1994 | The Lion King – Hans Zimmer |
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1995 | Dramatic Score: The Postman (Il Postino) – Luis Bacalov |
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Musical or Comedy Score: Pocahontas – Alan Menken |
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1996 | Dramatic Score: The English Patient – Gabriel Yared |
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Musical or Comedy Score: Emma – Rachel Portman |
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1997 | Dramatic Score: Titanic – James Horner |
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Musical or Comedy Score: The Full Monty – Anne Dudley |
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1998 | Dramatic Score: Life Is Beautiful – Nicola Piovani |
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Musical or Comedy Score: Shakespeare in Love – Stephen Warbeck |
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1999 | The Red Violin – John Corigliano |
2000s
2010s
Year | Winner Composer |
Nominees |
---|---|---|
2010 | The Social Network – Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross |
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2011 | The Artist – Ludovic Bource |
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2012 | Life of Pi – Mychael Danna |
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2013 | Gravity – Steven Price |
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2014 | The Grand Budapest Hotel – Alexandre Desplat |
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2015 | The Hateful Eight – Ennio Morricone |
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2016 | La La Land – Justin Hurwitz |
Withdrawn nominations
Nino Rota was nominated for The Godfather, but the nomination was withdrawn when it was discovered that Rota had used music from an earlier score of his, Fortunella (1958), and was replaced by Sleuth.
See also
- BAFTA Award for Best Film Music
- Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Score
- Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score
- Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition
- Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance
- Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media
- Grammy Award for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media
- Grammy Award for Best Arrangement, Instrumental or A Cappella
References
- ^ "Rule Sixteen: Special Rules for the Best Picture of the Year Award | Rules for the 85th Academy Awards | Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences". Oscars.org. 2012-08-24. Archived from the original on 2013-12-11. Retrieved 2014-05-15.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ http://filmscoreclicktrack.com/2010/05/1934-the-year-oscar-scored/
- ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/12/movies/oscar-films-oscar-films-the-rules-squeezing-music-into-pigeonholes.html
- ^ http://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/12/movies/oscar-films-oscar-films-the-rules-squeezing-music-into-pigeonholes.html
- ^ "Oscar win at 87 may make Ennio Morricone the oldest winner ever". David Ng. Los Angeles Times. February 28, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2016.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Italy, Hollywood Celebrate Ennio Morricone's First Competitive Win". Ariston Anderson. Los Angeles Times. February 28, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2016.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Academy Awards Database – AMPAS". Awardsdatabase.oscars.org. Archived from the original on 2009-02-08. Retrieved 2014-05-15.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Lisa Gerrard and Klaus Badelt also received screen credit for music score, but only Zimmer was deemed eligible for the nomination.
External links
- Oscars.org (official Academy site)
- The Academy Awards Database (official site)
- Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)