Jump to content

List of Jews in sports

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 5krunguy (talk | contribs) at 16:51, 21 December 2011. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

This list of Jewish athletes in sports contains athletes who are Jews and have attained outstanding achievements in sports. The criteria for inclusion in this list are:

  • 1–3 places winners at major international tournaments;
  • for team sports, winning in preliminary competitions of finals at major international tournaments, or playing for several seasons for clubs of major national leagues; or
  • holders of past and current world records.

Bold face denotes current competitor.

The topic of Jewish participation in sports is discussed extensively in academic and popular literature, because of the perceived role of sports as a historical avenue for Jewish people to overcome obstacles toward their participation in secular society (especially in Europe and the United States).[1]

Athletes

Baseball

Ryan Braun, left fielder
(Milwaukee Brewers)
Ike Davis, first baseman
(New York Mets)
Ian Kinsler, second baseman
(Texas Rangers)
Jason Marquis, pitcher
(Arizona Diamondbacks)
Kevin Youkilis, first and 3rd baseman
(Boston Red Sox)

Basketball

Omri Casspi
Jordan Farmar
Jon Scheyer

Doron Sheffer, Israel, played for University of Connecticut, Hapoel Jerusalem, Maccabi Tel Aviv

Bowling

Boxing

Yuri Foreman
Zab Judah
Dmitry Salita

Canoeing

Shaun Rubenstein

Cricket

Michael Klinger

Croquet

Equestrian

Margie Goldstein-Engle


Fencing

File:Stamps of Germany (BRD) 1968, MiNr 564.jpg
Helene Mayer

Field Hockey

Giselle Kañevsky

Figure skating

Sasha Cohen
Sarah Hughes
Irina Slutskaya

Football (American)

David Binn
Gabe Carimi
Taylor Mays
Igor Olshansky
Sage Rosenfels

Football (Association; Soccer)

Yael Averbuch
Rudy Haddad
Daniël de Ridder
Walter Samuel

Football (Australian Rules)

Golf

Morgan Pressel
Alexander Shatilov

Gymnastics

Ice hockey

File:Mike Brown Toronto.jpg
Mike Brown
Michael Cammalleri
Eric Nystrom
Mathieu Schneider

Judo

Mixed martial arts

Muay Thai

Motorsport

François Cevert

Rowing

  • Josh West, men's eight, Olympic silver, 2x World Rowing Championships silver and one bronze[197]

Rugby league

Albert Rosenfeld

Rugby union

Sailing

Gal Fridman
Shahar Zubari

Shooting

Speed Skating

Swimming

Jason Lezak
Dara Torres
  • Margarete "Grete" Adler, Austria, Olympic bronze (4x100-meter (m) freestyle relay)[224]
  • Vadim Alexeev, Kazakhstan-born Israeli, breaststroke[225]
  • Semyon Belits-Geiman, USSR, Olympic silver (400 m freestyle relay) and bronze (800 m freestyle relay); world record in men's 800-m freestyle[34]
  • Adi Bichman, Israel (400 m and 800-m freestyle, 400-m medley)[226]
  • Damián Blaum, Argentina, open water
  • Gérard Blitz, Belgium, Olympic bronze (100 m backstroke), International Swimming Hall of Fame[34]
  • Yoav Bruck, Israel (50 m freestyle and 100-m freestyle)[18]
  • Tiffany Cohen, US, 2x Olympic champion (400 m and 800-m freestyle); 2x Pan American champion (400 m and 800-m freestyle), International Swimming Hall of Fame[227]
  • Anthony Ervin, US, Olympic champion (50 m freestyle), silver (400 m freestyle relay); 2x world champion (50 m freestyle, 100-m freestyle)[31]
  • Scott Goldblatt, US, Olympic champion (4x200-m freestyle relay), silver (800 m freestyle relay); world championships silver (4x200-m freestyle), bronze (4x200-m freestyle)[227]
  • Eran Groumi, Israel (100 and 200 m backstroke, 100-m butterfly)[18]
  • Andrea Gyarmati, Hungary, Olympic silver (100 m backstroke) and bronze (100 m butterfly); world championships bronze (200 m backstroke), International Swimming Hall of Fame[34]
  • Alfréd Hajós (born "Arnold Guttmann"), Hungary, 3x Olympic champion (100 m freestyle, 800-m freestyle relay, 1,500-m freestyle), International Swimming Hall of Fame[59]
  • Michael "Miki" Halika, Israel, 200-m butterfly, 200- and 400-m individual medley[18]
  • Judith Haspel (born "Judith Deutsch"), Austrian-born Israeli, held every Austrian women's middle and long distance freestyle record in 1935, refused to represent Austria in 1936 Summer Olympics along with Ruth Langer and Lucie Goldner, protesting Hitler, stating, "I refuse to enter a contest in a land which so shamefully persecutes my people."[228]
  • Otto Herschmann, Austria, Olympic 2-silver (in fencing/team sabre and 100-m freestyle); arrested by Nazis, and died in Izbica concentration camp[5]
  • Lenny Krayzelburg, Ukrainian-born US, 4x Olympic champion (100 m backstroke, 200-m backstroke, twice 4x100-m medley relay); 3x world champion (100 m and 200-m backstroke, 4×100-m medley) and 2x silver (4×100-m medley, 50-m backstroke); 3 world records (50-, 100-, and 200-m backstroke)[227]
  • Herbert Klein, Germany, Olympic bronze (200 m breaststroke); 3 world records[34]
  • Dan Kutler, US-born Israeli (100 m butterfly, 4×100-m medley relay)[229]
  • Keren Leibovitch, Israeli Paralympic swimmer, 3x world champion, 3 world records (100 m and 200-m backstroke; 100-m freestyle), and 8x Paralympic medal winner[230]
  • Jason Lezak, US, 4x Olympic champion (twice 4x100 medley relay, 4x400 medley relay, 4x100 freestyle relay), silver (400 m freestyle relay), 2x bronze (100 m freestyle, 4x100 freestyle relay); 8x world champion (4x 4x100-m medley, 3x 4x100-m freestyle, 100-m freestyle), silver (4x100-m medley), bronze (4x100-m freestyle)[227]
  • Klara Milch, Austria, Olympic bronze (4x100-m freestyle relay)[34]
  • József Munk, Hungary, Olympic silver (4x200-m freestyle relay)[34]
  • Alfred "Artem" Nakache, France; world record (200 m breaststroke), one-third of French 2x world record (3x100 relay team); imprisoned by Nazis in Auschwitz, where his wife and daughter were killed[5]
  • Paul Neumann, Austria, Olympic champion (500 m freestyle)[5]
  • Sarah Poewe, South African-born German, Olympic bronze (4x100 medley relay)[34]
  • Marilyn Ramenofsky, US, Olympic silver (400 m freestyle); 3x world record for 400-m freestyle[5]
  • Keena Rothhammer, US, Olympic champion (800 m freestyle) and bronze (200 m freestyle); world champion (200 m freestyle) and silver (400 m freestyle), International Swimming Hall of Fame[61]
  • Albert Schwartz, US, Olympic bronze (100 m freestyle)[34]
  • Otto Scheff (born "Otto Sochaczewsky"), Austria, Olympic champion (400 m freestyle) and 2x bronze (400 m freestyle, 1,500-m freestyle)[34]
  • Mark Spitz, US, Olympic champion (9 golds (400 m freestyle relay twice, 800-m freestyle relay twice, 100-m freestyle, 200-m freestyle, 100-m butterfly, 200-m butterfly, 400-m medley relay), 1 silver (100 m butterfly), 1 bronze (100 m freestyle)), has the second-most gold medals won in a single Olympic Games (7); 5x Pam Am champion; 10x Maccabiah champion; world records (100- and 200-m freestyle, 100- and 200-m butterfly), International Swimming Hall of Fame[231]
  • Josephine Sticker, Austria, Olympic bronze (4x100-m freestyle relay)[34]
  • Tal Stricker, Israel (100- and 200-m breaststroke, 4×100-m medley relay)[232]
  • László Szabados, Hungary, Olympic bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay)[34]
  • András Székely, Hungary, Olympic silver (200 m breaststroke) and bronze (4x200-m freestyle relay); died in a Nazi concentration camp[34]
  • Éva Székely, Hungary, Olympic champion & silver (200 m breaststroke); International Swimming Hall of Fame; mother of Andrea Gyarmati[5]
  • Lejzor Ilja Szrajbman, Poland, Olympic 4×200-m freestyle relay; killed by the Nazis in Majdanek concentration camp[61][233]
  • Judit Temes, Hungary, Olympic champion (4×100-m freestyle), bronze (100 m freestyle)[234]
  • Dara Torres, US, Olympic 4x champion (400 m freestyle relay, 4x100-m freestyle relay twice, 4x100-m medley relay), 4x silver (50 m freestyle, 2x 4x100-m freestyle, 4x100-m medley relay), 4x bronze (50 m freestyle, 100-m freestyle, 100-m butterfly, 4x100-m freestyle relay, 4x100-m medley relay); world championship silver (4x100-m freestyle); Pan American champion (4x100-m freestyle)[227]
  • Eithan Urbach, Israel, backstroke, European championship silver & bronze (100 m backstroke)[235]
  • Otto Wahle, Austria/US, 2x Olympic silver (1,000 m freestyle, 200-m obstacle race) and bronze (400 m freestyle); International Swimming Hall of Fame[34]
  • Garrett Weber-Gale, US, 2x Olympic champion (4x100 freestyle relay, 4x100 medley relay); world champion (3x 4x100-m freestyle, 4×100-m medley), silver (4×200-m freestyle)[227]
  • Wendy Weinberg, US, Olympic bronze (800 m freestyle); Pan American champion (800 m freestyle)[34]
  • Ben Wildman-Tobriner, US, Olympic champion (4x100-m freestyle relay); world champion (2x 4x100-m freestyle, 50-m freestyle)[34][227]
  • Imre Zachár, Hungary, Olympic silver (4x200-m freestyle relay)[34]

Table tennis

Tennis

Andy Ram and
Jonathan Erlich
Jesse Levine
Nicolás Massú
Shahar Pe'er
Dudi Sela

Track and field

Danielle Frenkel
Deena (Drossin) Kastor

Triathlon

Volleyball

File:AdrianaBehar.jpg
Adriana Behar

Water polo

Weightlifting

Wrestling

Professional wrestling

Commissioners, managers/coaches, and owners

Roman Abramovich
Red Auerbach
Mark Cuban
File:Brucepearl.jpg
Bruce Pearl
David Stern

Jewish Olympic medalists

Jewish sports halls of fame

See also

References

  1. ^ See, e.g.: Encyclopedia of Jews in Sports by Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965); Great Jews in Sports by Robert Slater (2003), ISBN 0824604539; Emancipation Through Muscles: Jews and Sports in Europe by Michael Brenner, Gideon Reuveni (2006), ISBN 0803213557; Jews, Sports, and the Rites of Citizenship ed. Jack Kugelmass (2007), ISBN 025207324X; Ellis Island to Ebbets Field: Sport and the American Jewish Experience by Peter Levine (1993) ISBN 0195085558; Judaism's Encounter with American Sports by Jeffrey S. Gurock (2005) ISBN 0253347009. Anti-Semites such as Henry Ford, for their part, have tried energetically to conceal the fact of Jewish participation in sports—Ford, for example, asserted that "Jews are not sportsmen." Sandy Koufax: A Lefty's Legacy, Jane Leavy (2010) ISBN 0061779008, p. 178.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw Jewish Baseball Players, Baseball Almanac. Retrieved May 20, 2010
  3. ^ Joe Eskenazi, "Ballplayer’s Autobiography, Like his Career, Doesn’t Fulfill Potential", JWeekly, September 8, 2006. Retrieved August 1, 2010.
  4. ^ "Ryan Braun". MLB.com. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh Joseph Siegman (2005). Jewish sports legends: the International Jewish Hall of Fame. Brassey's. ISBN 1574882848. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  6. ^ Howard Megdal (April 26, 2010). "Everybody likes Ike, Now and Forever". SNY.tv. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  7. ^ Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver, Encyclopedia of Jews in Sports, Bloch Publishing Co., 1965
  8. ^ a b "Jewish Major Leaguers". Jewish Major Leaguers. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  9. ^ Stacey Dresner, Judie Jacobson (December 29, 2004). "Movers & Shakers in 2004". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  10. ^ Mehlman, Bill (August 31, 2009). "Bases Loaded, with Jewish Ballplayers!". The Boston Globe. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  11. ^ Simmons, Rusty (June 20, 2008). "'Rabbi' wants to be known for his talent". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  12. ^ a b c Ron Kaplan (January 5, 2011). "The year in Jewish sports". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved July 2, 2011. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  13. ^ Nate Bloom (May 19, 2006). "Celebrity Jews". j. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
  14. ^ [1]
  15. ^ "Jewish Sports Review Tabs Adam Amar and Joey Lieberman 2007 All-Americans". CSTV. July 17, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
  16. ^ [2]
  17. ^ [3]
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Robert Slater (2000). Great Jews in sports. J. David Publishers. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  19. ^ Ron Kaplan (July 2, 2010). "Welcome to the Majors, Mr. Valencia » Kaplan's Korner on Jews and Sports". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved July 5, 2010.
  20. ^ Klein, Gary; Bolch, Ben (March 9, 2000). "Pitchers Top List of Players Who Look Ready for Prime Time". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  21. ^ a b c Paul Taylor (2004). Jews and the Olympic Games: the clash between sport and politics: With a complete review of Jewish Olympic medallists. Sussex Academic Press. ISBN 1903900875. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
  22. ^ Livnat, Arie (December 16, 2010). "No. 1 WNBA Draft pick Sue Bird headed to Ramle". Haaretz. Retrieved December 20, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  23. ^ "Jewish shooting star aims to make his mark in NBA", j, Joe Eskanazi, September 10, 2004, "Bluthenthal's late mother was Jewish and his father is black—the family name Bluthenthal originated with a slave owner David Bluthenthal believes was German-Jewish."
  24. ^ "Boykoff, Harry". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved February 10, 2011.
  25. ^ a b Nate Bloom (January 21, 2010). "Jews (and Mel) on the big screen, Winter sports roundup". Jweekly. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  26. ^ "Doron Named Jewish Sports Review All-America; Doron continues to excel at the next level in the WNBA". University of Maryland Official Athletic Site. May 10, 2007. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo Bob Wechsler (2008). Day by day in Jewish Sports History. KTAV Publishing House. ISBN 1602800138. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  28. ^ "Jewish Jordan Gives UCLA His Best Shot", Jewish Journal, Carin Davis, March 10, 2005, "Bruin fans call him the Jewish Jordan... He's a real, live Jewish kid from the heart of Los Angeles, whose step-father is Israeli and has visited Israel twice" "UCLA's Jewish Jordan"
  29. ^ Martha Cheney (2000). Read & Understand Celebrating Diversity Grades 3–4. Evan-Moor. ISBN 1557997837. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  30. ^ a b c "Jews in Sports: Basketball". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "Jewish Sports Hall of Fame". Jewishsports.org. Retrieved May 25, 2010. Cite error: The named reference "jewishsports1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  32. ^ "Lafayette basketball players honored by Jewish Sports Review". The Morning Call. May 11, 2010. Retrieved December 20, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  33. ^ Ilana Abramovitch, Seán Galvin (2002). Jews of Brooklyn. UPNE. ISBN 1584650036. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  34. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr Dr. George Eisen. "Jewish Olympic Medalists". Jewishsports.net. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  35. ^ "Washington University Athletics". Bearsports.wustl.edu. May 6, 2010. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  36. ^ Shellnutt, Kate (December 4, 2010). "Ties between Judaism, basketball run deep in Houston". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved December 20, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  37. ^ Kessler, Oren (December 16, 2010). "Stoudemire in Israel on 'heritage' trip". Haaretz. Retrieved December 20, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  38. ^ a b "Prominent Jewish Athletes", John W. McDonough, Sports Illustrated. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  39. ^ Pennington, Bill (March 17, 2002). "College Basketball–Unrest Worries an Israeli at Cal". The New York Times. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  40. ^ Popper, Nathaniel (June 11, 2004). "Hoop Dreams: Israeli High-scorer Shoots for the NBA". The Forward. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  41. ^ [4]
  42. ^ [5]
  43. ^ Ron Jackson (January 17, 2010). "Barney Aaron–Star of the East Shone in London". Richmark Sentinel. Retrieved June 1, 2010.
  44. ^ a b c d e f g h Ken Blady (1988). The Jewish boxers Hall of Fame. SP Books. ISBN 093350387. Retrieved May 25, 2010. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: length (help)
  45. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Peter S. Horvitz (2007). The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heroes: An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and The 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars. SP Books. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
  46. ^ Craig Ballantyne (September 21, 1938). "Negro Scores Win Before 5,000 Fans; Berger is Victor". The Montreal Gazette. Retrieved July 29, 2010. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  47. ^ [6]
  48. ^ a b c Dresner, Stacey (November 17, 2006). "Conversation with Manny Leibert". Connecticut Jewish Ledger. p. 2. Retrieved November 17, 2006.
  49. ^ Jeremy Fine (November 6, 2009). "Boxing Champ from Tel Aviv". The Great Rabbino. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  50. ^ a b Gray, Geoffrey (December 27, 2003). "Jewish Boxers Are Looking to Make a Comeback". The New York Times. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  51. ^ Allen Bodner (1997). When boxing was a Jewish sport. Praeger. ISBN 027595353X. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  52. ^ Stephane Haccoun. Boxrec Boxing Encyclopaedia. June 11, 2008. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  53. ^ Jewish Boxers: Pedro Montañez, Barney Ross, Abe Attell. Amazon. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  54. ^ Deborah Andrews (1992). Annual Obituary, 1991. St. James Pr. ISBN 155862175X. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  55. ^ a b Saratogomist. "An Exclusive Interview with Yoel Judah". Bragging Rights Corner. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  56. ^ "Judah, Zab "Super"". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  57. ^ "The Chosen One; If you've never heard of Zab Judah, who will fight to unify the junior welterweight title this weekend, then you don't know boxing's strangest family saga". Gary Smith, Sports Illustrated (November 5, 2001). Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  58. ^ [7]
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Elected Members of the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame". Jewishsports.net. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  60. ^ a b "Jews in Sports: Boxing". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  61. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Paul Taylor (2004). Jews and the Olympic Games: the Clash between Sport and Politics: with a complete review of Jewish Olympic medallists. Sussex Academic Press. ISBN 1903900883. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  62. ^ Paul Berger (May 25, 2010). "The Rabbi Boxer". The New York Observer. Retrieved June 1, 2010.
  63. ^ Allen Bodner (1997). When boxing was a Jewish sport. Praeger. ISBN 027595353X. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  64. ^ [8]
  65. ^ [9]
  66. ^ [10]
  67. ^ [11]
  68. ^ "A South African paddler living a dream…". Shaun Rubenstein. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  69. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Rob Steen (June 19, 2008). "Six-hitting Springboks put to the test". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  70. ^ Danny Caro (July 14, 2009). "Team GB cricket fail to see the job through". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  71. ^ "Jews in Sports: Cricket". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  72. ^ "Blues pack British squad". The Times. July 6, 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  73. ^ a b Ajay S Shankar (May 23, 2008). "Rhodes to be part of unique Israel team". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  74. ^ "Maccabi New South Wales". Maccabi.com.au. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  75. ^ Marcus Arkin (1984). South African Jewry: a contemporary survey. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195703650. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  76. ^ Dwivedi, Sandeep (July 28, 2009). "Indian cricketers strike silver at Jewish Olympics, little Moshe first to get a feel". Indian Express. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
  77. ^ [12]
  78. ^ Ron Kaplan (January 22, 2009). "Jewish Hall of Fame taps new inductees". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved October 24, 2011.
  79. ^ Paul Taylor (2004). Jews and the Olympic Games: the clash between sport and politics: with a complete review of Jewish Olympic medalists. Retrieved October 18, 2011.
  80. ^ Kinga Frojimovics, Géza Komoróczy (1999). Jewish Budapest: monuments, rites, history. Central European University Press. ISBN 9639116378. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  81. ^ "The 18th Maccabiah–Maccabiah Chai". JCC. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  82. ^ [13]
  83. ^ Marnie Winston-Macauley (2007). Yiddishe Mamas: The Truth About the Jewish Mother. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 0740763768. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  84. ^ John Sugden, James Wallis (2007). Football for Peace?: The Challenges of Using Sport for Co-Existence in Israel. Meyer & Meyer Verlag. ISBN 1841261815. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  85. ^ a b c d e "Jews in Sports: Fencing & Equestrian". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  86. ^ a b c d "Michigan Jewish Sports Foundation – Past Inductees". Michiganjewishsports.org. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
  87. ^ Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965). Encyclopedia of Jews in sports. Bloch Pub. Co. Retrieved June 3, 2010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  88. ^ Leible Hershfield (1980). The Jewish athlete: a nostalgic view. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  89. ^ Debra Kamin (September 2005). "Soren the swashbuckler". San Diego Jewish Journal. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  90. ^ Andrew Handler (1985). From the ghetto to the games: Jewish athletes in Hungary. East European Monographs. ISBN 0880330856. Retrieved June 3, 2010.
  91. ^ Beverley Smith, Dan Diamond (1997). A Year in Figure Skating. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 0771027559. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  92. ^ Elfman, Lois (October 25, 2006). "Young Israelis to compete at Skate America". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  93. ^ Johanna Ginsberg (June 9, 2005). "Oksana Baiul, figure skating champion, embraces Jewish roots". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  94. ^ Elfman, Lois (December 8, 2004). "Jewish Ice Skaters". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  95. ^ David J. Goldman (2004). Jewish Sports Star: Athletic Heroes Past and Present. Kar-Ben Publishing. ISBN 1580130852. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  96. ^ [14] "2006 Jewish-American Olympians to watch for... Ice skater Sasha Cohen" "The Tribe goes to Torino: Sketches of Jewish Olympic-Bound Athletes" [15]
  97. ^ a b c Shelley M. Buxbaum, Sara E. Karesh (2003). Jewish faith in America. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 0816049866. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  98. ^ Elfman, Lois (December 8, 2004). "Ice dancing couple training in Stamford for Nationals". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  99. ^ [16] "2006 Jewish-American Olympians to watch for in Turin... Melissa Gregory" "The Tribe goes to Torino: Sketches of Jewish Olympic-Bound Athletes" "Gregory is the daughter of a Jewish mother and a non-practicing Catholic father.... Gregory recently spoke to the Connecticut Jewish Ledger about her religious background: "We [my brother and I] were brought up with the feeling that you have to believe in G-d. You have to believe in right and wrong. The rest they kind of left up to us. We celebrated everything-Christmas, Hanukkah, all the Jewish holidays, Easter. They taught us both traditions. Then when we got older they said whatever we chose and whatever we wanted was good with them. I identify that my heritage is Jewish. I feel proud of it."
  100. ^ David Pollack (February 8, 2002). "America's Hottest Jewish Olympic Hopefuls Are To Be Found on the Ice". The Forward. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  101. ^ "Jewish and Asian skating excellence paralleled in California classrooms" "Emily Hughes—whose sister Sarah won the 2002 Olympic gold medal in women's figure skating—also is Jewish."
  102. ^ [The Forward] "16-year-old Sarah Hughes has a Jewish mother, Amy Hughes née Pasternack, and reportedly grew up in a house with some attachment to Judaism."]
  103. ^ "Israeli skates rings around Boston", Elise Kigner, The Jewish Advocate, June 11, 2010
  104. ^ Beverley Smith, Dan Diamond (1997). A Year in Figure Skating. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 0771027559. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  105. ^ [17] "2006 Jewish-American Olympians to watch for in Turin! Ice dancer Jamie Silverstein"
  106. ^ a b Nate Bloom (February 16, 2006). "The Tribe goes to Torino: Sketches of Jewish Olympic-Bound Athletes". JWR. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  107. ^ Lionel Gaffen and Joe Eskenazi (February 9, 2006). "Jewish athletes in the Olympics—then and now". j. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  108. ^ a b c d "San Francisco 49Eers Select Jewish Safety Taylor Mays". San Francisco Sentinel. April 30, 2010. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  109. ^ a b c Nate Bloom (September 24, 2009). "Pigskin Hebrews, 2009 edition". Jweekly. Retrieved May 13, 2010.
  110. ^ a b c d e "Jews in Sports: Football". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  111. ^ Andrea Waxman (October 5, 2007). "Yom Kippur, then football; Carimi fasts and then tackles". The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  112. ^ "2011 NFL Football Preview". Jewish Sports Review. 8 (87): 6–7. September/October 2011, accessed September 15, 2011. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  113. ^ a b c d e Jewish Sports Review, September/October 2010, Vol. 7, Issue 81
  114. ^ Laurie Rozakis (2007). The Portable Jewish Mother: Guilt, Food, And...When Are You Giving Me Grandchildren?. Adams Media. ISBN 1598693417. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  115. ^ David A. Rausch (1996). Friends, colleagues, and neighbors: Jewish contributions to American history. ISBN 0801011191. Retrieved June 2, 2010. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |= ignored (help)
  116. ^ "j". Jweekly. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  117. ^ "McCullum, Sam". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  118. ^ "NFL Hebrews". Jweekly. September 29, 2006. Retrieved June 1, 2010.
  119. ^ [18]
  120. ^ Nate Bloom (September 24, 2009). "Pigskin Hebrews, 2009 edition". Jweekly. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  121. ^ Rosen, Harvey (September 15, 2005). "Keep your eyes out for these pro-footballers". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  122. ^ Freedman, Samuel G. (February 5, 2010). "On Religion – An Offensive Tackle Named Shlomo". The New York Times. Los Angeles (Calif). Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  123. ^ Weinstein, Simcha (July 16, 2009). "New Jersey participants in Maccabiah Games". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved November 13, 2009.
  124. ^ a b c d "Jews in Sports: Soccer". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  125. ^ Harush, Moshe (September 22, 2006). "Awat sparks storm with decision to play on Yom Kippur". Ha'aretz. Retrieved July 4, 2008. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  126. ^ Spunder, Or (January 24, 2008). "הקשר ג'ונתן אסוס מועמד למכבי ת"א" (in Hebrew). One.co.il. Retrieved January 28, 2008. קשרה היהודי/צרפתי של ראים מהליגה ה-2 בצרפת עשוי להגיע להתרשמות במכבי. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  127. ^ "Averbuch Named Jewish Scholastic Athlete of The Year", CSTV, January 24, 2007. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  128. ^ "Rapids take home inaugural Rocky Mountain Cup", Our Sports Central, October 13, 2005. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  129. ^ Luke Cyphers. "The Space Between; Abbas Suan has given Israel hope for the World Cup-and for harmony between Arabs and Jews". ESPN The Magazine. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  130. ^ "Avram Grant and Tal Ben-Haim set to miss West Ham game for Jewish holiday", The Telegraph, September 4, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  131. ^ Andrew Handler (1985). From the ghetto to the games: Jewish athletes in Hungary. East European Monographs. ISBN 0880330856. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  132. ^ Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965). Encyclopedia of Jews in sports. Bloch Pub. Co. Retrieved December 20, 2010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  133. ^ Bornstein – named as on "Jewish Sports Review Men's All-America First-Team" at [19]; [20] "'It was amazing. It was great. I loved it. It made me realize how fulfilling and enriched Jewish culture really is', Bornstein said. 'So in the past couple years, I've felt more Jewish than ever.' His father is Jewish and his mother is a non-Jew.... Grew up celebrating Passover and Rosh Hashanah with relatives.... doesn't consider himself observant. The Maccabiah experience was a way for him to connect with Judaism."
  134. ^ Guy Ben-Porat, Amir Ben-Porat (December 2004). "(Un)Bounded Soccer; Globalization and Localization of the Game in Israel". International Review for the Sociology of Sport. 39 (4): 421–36. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  135. ^ McNulty, Dean (September 19, 2007). "TFC trying to get off schneid". Toronto Sun. Retrieved July 4, 2008. Adam Braz won't be playing because he'll be at home in Montreal observing the Jewish high holiday (Yom Kippur) with his family {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  136. ^ [21]
  137. ^ ...
  138. ^ Marc Iles (September 30, 2009). "Cohen the surprise package". The Bolton News. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  139. ^ Feilhaber[22] "Outside of my UCLA teammate Benny Feilhaber, I never really thought there were other high-class Jewish soccer players out there"
  140. ^ a b Paul Yogi Mayer (2004). Jews and the Olympic Games: sport: a springboard for minorities. Vallentine Mitchell. ISBN 0853034516. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  141. ^ Graeme Macpherson (June 11, 2008). "Furman: I'm not going anywhere". Herald Scotland. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  142. ^ a b c d e f g h Ezra Mendelsohn (2009). Jews and the Sporting Life: Studies in Contemporary Jewry XXIII. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195382919. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  143. ^ "דיווחים בצרפת: מכבי ת"א מעוניינת ברודי חדד" (in Hebrew). One.co.il. July 7, 2007. Retrieved July 7, 2007. האם הקשר היהודי, רודי חדד, בדרך למכבי תל-אביב? {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  144. ^ a b David Winner (2002). Brilliant orange: the neurotic genius of Dutch soccer. Overlook Press. ISBN 1585672580. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  145. ^ a b Rowland, Paul (April 10, 2007). "Bluebirds' star first British Jew footballer for 25 years". WalesOnline. Retrieved July 4, 2008. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  146. ^ Bar Dayan, Shirley (July 18, 2006). "קאלה טברטקו מגלה: "סבתא שלי יהודיה"" (in Hebrew). Sport 5. Retrieved July 4, 2008. אני אמנם נוצרי אבל סבתא שלי יהודיה, מהצד של אימא שלי {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  147. ^ [23]
  148. ^ Eldad Beck (August 9, 2010). "Anti-Semitism feared ahead of Euro 2012". European Jewish Congress. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  149. ^ Baram, Sagiv (June 13, 2007). "המסורת היהודית" (in Hebrew). Walla!. Retrieved June 30, 2008. לפני כשנתיים הגיע לארץ שחקן יהודי ארגנטינאי בשם לוקאס לישט (בתקשורת קראו לו אז ליכט). {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  150. ^ Spunder, Or (July 5, 2008). "מכבי תל אביב פנתה רשמית למרסלו ליפאטין" (in Hebrew). One.co.il. Retrieved July 5, 2008. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  151. ^ Peshkhatzki, Motti (June 9, 2006). "דינמו קייב לבית"ר: 220 אלף דולר על אנדריי אוברמקו" (in Hebrew). Retrieved July 6, 2008. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  152. ^ Brumbaugh, Mark (January 6, 2010). "Charlie Reiter Named to Jewish Sports Review All-America Team". DavidsonWildcats.com. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  153. ^ [24] de Ridder – "De Ridder ... is Jewish and has an Israeli mother."
  154. ^ Dave Zirin, Chuck D (2007). Welcome to the Terrordome: the pain, politics, and promise of sports. Haymarket Books. ISBN 1931859418. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  155. ^ Yates, David (September 22, 2007). "Team news". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  156. ^ [25]
  157. ^ "Team USA: The Jews Of The World Cup". Jewlicious.com. June 18, 2010. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  158. ^ Baram, Sagiv (June 13, 2007). "המסורת היהודית" (in Hebrew). Walla!. Retrieved June 30, 2008. כדורגלן יהודי עם רזומה יחסית מרשים שכן הגיע לישראל הוא ניקולס טאובר {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  159. ^ Tuchman
    • ""Tomer Chencinski"", Israeli Goaltender, Yaniv (November 19, 2009). "אל אל נתנאל". Ma'ariv (in Hebrew). NRG.co.il. Retrieved April 20, 2010. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |newspaper= (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help); line feed character in |last= at position 8 (help)
  160. ^ Browne, Ashley (August 9, 2009). "Goldstein stars for Kangaroos". Australian Jewish News. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  161. ^ [26]
  162. ^ http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:rPPKddQC02UJ:jewishnews.net.au/news/category/news/page/126+%22todd+goldstein%22+jewish+rules&cd=14&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=firefox-a. Retrieved July 2, 2011. {{cite news}}: |url= missing title (help)
  163. ^ Australian popular culture. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  164. ^ "Jews in Sports: Golf & Field Hockey". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  165. ^ Austin Greenberg (January 11, 2008). "Wisconsin trio brings home gold medals, fond memories". The Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  166. ^ "Famous Jews in Sports". Jewish Sports Foundation. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  167. ^ Dana Gross-Rhode (April 11, 2007). "Q&A with Morgan Pressel". Golf365. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
  168. ^ [27]
  169. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  170. ^ "Sports Shorts". Jewish Sports Review. 8 (87): 18. September/October 2011, accessed September 16, 2011. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  171. ^ "Jews in the Olympics: 63 Athletes, 7 Countries". Jewishinstlouis.org. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
  172. ^ Roiphe, Anne (July 13, 2009). "Maccabiah opens with fanfare in Ramat Gan". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  173. ^ Birger Nordmark and Patrick Houda. "Rudi Ball". Sihss.se. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  174. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Jews in Sports: Hockey". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  175. ^ a b "Professional Hockey Review: 2010–11; National Hockey League". Jewish Sports Review. 8 (87): 7. September/October 2011, accessed September 15, 2011. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  176. ^ [28]
  177. ^ [http:/ http:/]. Retrieved July 2, 2011. {{cite news}}: |url= missing title (help); Check |url= value (help)
  178. ^ Tom Venesky (March 15, 2009). "A special brotherly connection; Henrichs on short list of Jewish players in pro hockey". The Times Leader. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  179. ^ Fiona Quick (March 27, 2009). "Q & A with Evan Kaufmann". Minnesota Hockey Journal. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  180. ^ "Labovitch, Max". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  181. ^ [29]
  182. ^ [30]
  183. ^ [31]
  184. ^ "Nystrom is the highest Jewish draft pick in NHL draft history"
  185. ^ "Jewish skaters vie for spots in the NHL", CJNews
  186. ^ Ron Kaplan (January 13, 2009). "Welcome to the big time, Trevor Smith » Kaplan's Korner on Jews and Sports". New Jersey Jewish News. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  187. ^ a b "Professional Hockey Review: 2010–11; Canadian Hockey Leagues (Senior A)". Jewish Sports Review. 8 (87): 7–8. September/October 2011, accessed September 15, 2011. {{cite journal}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Check date values in: |date= (help) Cite error: The named reference "JSR911" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  188. ^ a b "Jews in Sports: Judo & Taekwondo". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  189. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  190. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  191. ^ "Olympics Ban Wanted", Jewish Journal, August 19, 2004, accessed December 30, 2010
  192. ^ [32]
  193. ^ "Muay Thai Challenge Fighters, Ilya Grad". FBT Sports Online.
  194. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica: events of 1972–1981. Decennial book, 1973–1982. Encyclopaedia Judaica. 1982. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
  195. ^ Benjamin Blech (2004). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Jewish History. Penguin. ISBN 1592572405. Retrieved June 4, 2010.
  196. ^ [33]
  197. ^ [34]
  198. ^ a b c d e f g Encyclopedia Judaica, Second Edition, volume 19, p146
  199. ^ a b "Wilf Rosenberg". Jewishsports.net. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  200. ^ a b "'I Will Always Be Remembered,' Says Rugby Great Wilf Rosenberg". Jewish Agency. March 4, 2010. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  201. ^ "19-year-old Jewish Prodigy Bound for the NRL". Bulldogs Rugby League Club. May 9, 2007. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  202. ^ Jeremy Jones (August 2002). "Talking Tourky; In Deep Water". The Review. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  203. ^ Andrew Logan (June 29, 2010). "St George, Slippery and The Skull". The Roar. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  204. ^ Spungin, Simon (March 20, 2009). "Omens good for Luxembourg clash". Ha'aretz. Retrieved November 21, 2010.
  205. ^ a b c d "Rugby – Maccabi Australia International Games". Maccabi USA. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  206. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Book review: The Glory of the Game". www.rugbyrugby.com. December 21, 2009. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  207. ^ "SA veteran concerned for rugby's future". ESPN Scrum. January 4, 2004. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  208. ^ Bath, Richard (ed.) The Complete Book of Rugby, Seven Oaks Ltd, 1997 ISBN 1 86200 013 3) p. 68
  209. ^ "Player profile: Aaron Liffchack". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  210. ^ Anthony Hughes (November 1996). "Muscular Judaism and the Jewish Rugby League Competition in Sydney, 1924 to 1927" (PDF). Sporting Traditions. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  211. ^ "Australian Jews and Sport". Sydney University. February 4, 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
  212. ^ "Bullimore's sister buoyed by rabbis' support", Jewish Chronicle January 24, 1997, p. 1
  213. ^ "Zephania Carmel & Lydia Lazarov". International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  214. ^ "Jews in Sports: Sailing". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  215. ^ "Zephania Carmel & Lydia Lazarov". International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  216. ^ "Mark Mendelblatt". Jewish Virtual Library. February 19, 1973. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  217. ^ "Mark Mendelblatt". US Sailing. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  218. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  219. ^ "Dempsey misses windsurfing medal", BBC Sports, August 20, 2008. Retrieved September 10, 2008.
  220. ^ [35]
  221. ^ "Jews in the Olympics: 63 Athletes, 7 Countries". Jewishinstlouis.org. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
  222. ^ [36]
  223. ^ a b Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  224. ^ The Big Book of Jewish Sports Heros: An Illustrated Compendium of Sports History and the 150 Greatest Jewish Sports Stars. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  225. ^ "Pooling their Talent", Joel Gordin, The Jerusalem Post, July 2, 1993, Retrieved January 1, 2011
  226. ^ Griver, Simon (June 1999). "Sports in Israel". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  227. ^ a b c d e f g "Jews in Sports: Swimming". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  228. ^ "Diving into troubled waters", Paul Kalina, The Age, November 24, 2005, Retrieved January 1, 2011
  229. ^ "American 'amphibious creature' dives right in", Heather Chait, The Jerusalem Post, October 8, 1995, Retrieved January 1, 2011
  230. ^ Jodi Werner Greenwald (2005). "Jewish + Female = Athlete: Portraits of Strength from Around the World; Questions & Answers; Keren Leibovitch". The Hasassah-Brandeis Institute. Retrieved July 9, 2011.
  231. ^ Spitz -, following Michael Phelps [37] "Spitz became the first Jewish recipient of the James E. Sullivan Award."
  232. ^ Viva Sarah Press (September 19, 2000). "Orbach falters in bid for medal". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  233. ^ Tom Archdeacon (April 26, 1998). "Memories never dim from Games of Shame; Message of "Nazi Olympics'still vital". The Denver Post. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  234. ^ Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  235. ^ "Synchro team strength wows Cabinet members", USA Today, July 20, 1996, Retrieved January 1, 2011
  236. ^ a b c Day by day in Jewish sports history. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  237. ^ a b "Jews in Sports: Table Tennis". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  238. ^ a b c d e "Jews in Sports: Tennis". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  239. ^ "Evert Fans Haven't Seen Player's Last Wave", Janet Graham, The Palm Beach Post, July 23, 1989. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  240. ^ Morning Freiheit Association (1980). Jewish currents. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  241. ^ a b c d e f g h i j David Goodman (May 24, 2010). "The A-Z Guide To Jewish Grand Slam Champions". Tennis Grandstand. Retrieved June 1, 2010.
  242. ^ Marvin Glassman (September 2, 2010). "Israeli reaches doubles semis at Rogers Club tennis". The Canadian Jewish News. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  243. ^ a b c Blas, Howard (August 27, 2008). The Jewish Ledger http://www.jewishledger.com/articles/2008/08/27/news/news10.txt. Retrieved May 26, 2010. {{cite web}}: |url= missing title (help)
  244. ^ a b Stuart Chelin (July 22, 2004). "Jewish youngster opens Toronto tennis center". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  245. ^ "The Circuit". Jewish Journal. July 28, 2005. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  246. ^ Arthur Ashe, Arnold Rampersad (1994). Days of grace: a memoir. Random House. ISBN 0345386817. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  247. ^ Eli Sherman (1999). The Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame, 1990–1999. Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. ISBN 0914615084. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  248. ^ "Israeli Immigrants Help Change View of Homeland". Juliaglushko.com. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  249. ^ Bernard Postal, Jesse Silver, Roy Silver (1965). Encyclopedia of Jews in sports. Bloch Pub. Co. Retrieved June 2, 2010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  250. ^ [38] "He knows he's Jewish and the values are there with him", said Clark Goldstein, Paul's father."
  251. ^ "American Hebrew and Jewish Messenger". American Hebrew. 146 (9). 1940. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  252. ^ a b c d "Jewish Sports Hall of Fame". Jewishsports.org. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  253. ^ Martin Harry Greenberg (1979). The Jewish lists: physicists and generals, actors and writers, and hundreds of other lists of accomplished Jews. Schocken Books. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  254. ^ a b c Blas, Howard (August 27, 2008). "Jewish players stop in New Haven on the way to US Open". The Jewish Ledger. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  255. ^ "Scott Lipsky: Good Things Come in Doubles". Center for Sport and Jewish Life. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  256. ^ Harold Uriel Ribalow (1963). The Jew in American sports. Bloch Pub. Co. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  257. ^ "Roads' Beth David Congregation to honor Jewish, Israeli Sony Ericsson players". The Miami Herald. March 22, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2010.
  258. ^ Isaac Landman (1939). The Universal Jewish encyclopedia ...: an authoritative and popular presentation of Jews and Judaism since the earliest times, Volume 1. Retrieved June 2, 2010. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  259. ^ Mitchell Smith (2009). Baseballs, Basketballs and Matzah Balls: What Sports Can Teach Us about the Jewish Holidays... and Vice Versa. ISBN 1438917449. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  260. ^ Renée Richards, John Ames (1983). Second Serve: the Renée Richards story. Stein and Day. ISBN 0812828976. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  261. ^ Hanan Sher (September 4, 2006). "Six-Pointed Tennis Stars". The Jerusalem Report. Retrieved June 2, 2010.
  262. ^ "Jews in Track and Field. European Maccabi Confederation". Maccabieurope.com. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  263. ^ [39][dead link]
  264. ^ "Solomon Abrahams". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  265. ^ The Jewish Chronicle[dead link]
  266. ^ a b c d "Jews in Sports: Track & Field". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  267. ^ [40]
  268. ^ Segal, Erich (September 24, 1972). "Munich was the last Olympiad-until the next one; Munich was the last Olympiad-- until the next one". The New York Times.
  269. ^ [41]
  270. ^ [42]
  271. ^ George B. Kirsch, Othello Harris, Claire Elaine Nolte. Encyclopedia of ethnicity sports in the United States. Retrieved July 2, 2011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  272. ^ "The Nazi Olympics (Berlin 1936)—Jewish Athletes; Olympic Medalists". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 7, 2011.
  273. ^ [43]
  274. ^ [44]
  275. ^ [45]
  276. ^ [46]
  277. ^ [47]
  278. ^ [48]
  279. ^ [49]
  280. ^ "Berlin 36 tells how Nazis replaced Jewish woman athlete for man in drag", Roger Boyes, The Sunday Times, September 3, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2011
  281. ^ [50]
  282. ^ [51]
  283. ^ [52]
  284. ^ [53]
  285. ^ "Bozzone and Zeiger win in Clearwater". Ironman.com. November 8, 2008. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  286. ^ "Jews in Sports: Volleyball". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  287. ^ [54]
  288. ^ [55]
  289. ^ [56]
  290. ^ "What Price The Gold?; Coach Arnie Selinger Has Driven The Us Women'S Volleyball Team Hard,; Putting It Within Spiking Distance of a Gold Medal. But At What Expense?". The Boston Globe. May 11, 1984. Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  291. ^ [57]
  292. ^ [58]
  293. ^ [59]
  294. ^ [60]
  295. ^ [61]
  296. ^ Tom Farrey (September 5, 2002). "Keeping the torch lit". ESPN. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
  297. ^ Jewish sports legends: the ... Retrieved July 2, 2011.
  298. ^ [62]
  299. ^ [63]
  300. ^ [64]
  301. ^ [65]
  302. ^ [66]
  303. ^ yivoencyclopedia.org
  304. ^ [67]
  305. ^ a b c d e f Handler, Judd "The Hebrew Hulk", San Diego Jewish Journal
  306. ^ "Interview with Kelly Kelly". Youtube.com. 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2011-07-02.
  307. ^ Paul Farhi, "Goldberg: A David in Goliath's Shoes", The Washington Post, December 9, 1999. Retrieved January 2, 2011
  308. ^ Fireman, Judy, ed. TV Book: The Ultimate Television Book. New York: Workman Publishing Company, 1977. (pg. 134) ISBN 0-89480-001-9
  309. ^ Cole, Brian (December 11, 2003). "Ask 411 Wrestling 12.11.03: Adonis, Wrestling II, Bolsheviks, Martel & More". News. 411mania.com. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  310. ^ Jeremy Fine (April 13, 2010). "Former nice Jewish boy turns into Brimstone". Jewish Journal. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
  311. ^ [68][dead link]
  312. ^ Obituary, Jewish Chronicle, January 19, 2007 p.45
  313. ^ "Morris "Whitey" Bimstein". Jewishsports.net. July 13, 1969. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  314. ^ Carson Cunningham (2010). American Hoops: U.S. Men's Olympic Basketball from Berlin to Beijing. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0803222939. Retrieved May 25, 2010.
  315. ^ The Jewish community of West Philadelphia. Arcadia Publishing. 2001. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  316. ^ "Columbia College Today". Columbia.edu. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  317. ^ . Jewish sports foundation http://jewishsportsfoundation.org/. Retrieved December 20, 2010. {{cite web}}: |url= missing title (help)
  318. ^ "Ajax seek image change to stop anti-Semitic chants". Sydney Morning Herald. January 12, 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  319. ^ a b c "Pearl finalist for Auerbach Coach of the Year". wbir.com. March 22, 2010. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  320. ^ The International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. SP Books. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  321. ^ The Jews of Boston. Yale University Press. 2005. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  322. ^ "Gaydamak Stirs Things Up in Knesset C'tee". Israel National News. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  323. ^ Melman, Yossi (April 29, 2010). "Mogul Gaydamak is fated to wander the world as a vagabond". Haaretz. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  324. ^ Jewish Sports Stars: Athletic Heroes Past and Present. Kar-Ben Publishing. 2004. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  325. ^ a b Caro, Danny (August 12, 2010). "Premiership underway and Jewish players ready to shine". The Jewish Chronicle. Retrieved December 23, 2010.
  326. ^ Byers, Jim (September 24, 2004). "Athletes keeping the faith; Jewish holiday clashes with schedules; Green skipping one of two games". The Star. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  327. ^ Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2007. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  328. ^ "Radford University – Brad Greenberg Named A Finalist For Red Auerbach Award". Ruhighlanders.com. March 22, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  329. ^ "Coach's Comments Excessive". Lodi News-Sentinel. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
  330. ^ Jews and American Popular Culture: Sports, leisure, and lifestyle. 2007. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  331. ^ "Historical View". Jewishsports.net. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  332. ^ The Jewish athlete: a nostalgic view. 1980. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  333. ^ "Hart, Cecil "Cece"". Jewsinsports.org. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  334. ^ Conner, Desmond (January 16, 1999). "Proquest". Hartford Courant. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  335. ^ The rise & fall of ECW: Extreme Championship Wrestling. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  336. ^ a b Encyclopedia of ethnicity and sports in the United States. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  337. ^ "He's Zab; He Jabs", Palm Beach Post
  338. ^ "Letter From Cape Town". The Jewish Chronicle. September 23, 2009. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  339. ^ Jewish sports legends: the ... Retrieved February 10, 2011.
  340. ^ Baseball and the media: how fans lose in today's coverage of the game. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  341. ^ The ball is round: a global history of soccer. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  342. ^ "Jews in the NFL". Jewishsports.com. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  343. ^ One Love Two Colours: The Unlikely Marriage of a Punk Rocker and His African Queen. 2007. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  344. ^ Dvorchak, Bob (October 13, 2010). "1960 Pirates: Where are they now?". Post-gazette.com. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  345. ^ Friends, colleagues, and neighbors: Jewish contributions to American history. 1996. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
  346. ^ Robert David Jaffee, "Jamie McCourt Proves She’s an Artful Dodger President," The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, July 19, 2006
  347. ^ Player profile at Springbok Hall of Fame
  348. ^ [69][dead link]
  349. ^ Decomposition: post-disciplinary performance. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  350. ^ "Pleat, David". Jewsinsports.org. January 15, 1945. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  351. ^ Encyclopedia of American Jewish history. Vol. 1. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  352. ^ The new encyclopedia of unbelief. 2007. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  353. ^ Sports and the American Jew. Syracuse University Press. 1998. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  354. ^ Pain and Passion: The History of Stampede Wrestling. CanWest Books. 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  355. ^ Foul!: The Connie Hawkins story. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1972. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  356. ^ Jonathan Mayo (February 15, 2010). "News". Minorleaguebaseball.com. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  357. ^ American Jewish desk reference. Random House. 1999. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  358. ^ Jewish quarterly. 2002. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  359. ^ Jewish currents. 1999. Retrieved July 1, 2010. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  360. ^ The Eagles encyclopedia. Temple University Press. 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  361. ^ "Marc Trestman (1956– )". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
  362. ^ Bendetson, Will. "Vikings are set to make amends", The Jerusalem Post, September 19, 2006. Accessed February 5, 2011. "Minnesota Vikings owner Zygi Wilf, who is the first Orthodox Jewish owner in NFL history, vowed to clean up the mess, giving his players a stern message: either shape up or ship out."
  363. ^ A. Cohn (May 11, 2010). "Florida Panther's President Michael Yormark". Jewish Business Magazine. Retrieved July 1, 2010.

Books