Chhattisgarhi language
| Chhattisgarhi | |
|---|---|
| छत्तीसगढ़ी | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh |
Native speakers | 18 million (2002)[1] Census results conflate some speakers with Hindi.[2] |
| Devanagari script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either:hne – Chhattisgarhisgj – Surgujia |
| Glottolog | chha1249 |
| Linguasphere | 59-AAF-ta |
Chhattisgarhi (Devanagari: छत्तीसगढ़ी) is a language spoken in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh, by 17.5 million people.[1] It is an Eastern Hindi language with heavy vocabulary and linguistic features from Munda and Dravidian languages.[3] Chhattisgarhi is also known as Dakshin Kosali and Kosali as in ancient time Chhattisgarh was known as Dakshin Kosal.Chhattisgarhi has been known by the name Khaltahi to surrounding hill-people and by the name Laria to speakers in neighboring regions of Odisha to Chhattisgarh.[4][5] The speakers are concentrated in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh and in adjacent areas of Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Jharkhand. Chhattisgarhi cultural and political movements, with origins going back to the 1920s, affirmed Chhattisgarhi linguistic and cultural identity and sought greater autonomy within India. This came about in 2000 when 16 districts of the state of Madhya Pradesh became the new state of Chhattisgarh.
Classification
Chhattisgarhi is most closely related to other Kosali group of languages known as Bagheli and Awadhi (Avadhi), and these languages are classified in the East Central Zone of the Indo-Aryan languages or Kosali Language Group, the Indian branch of the Indo-European language family.
Its precise relationship to Hindi is complex and as with other members of the Hindustani dialect continuum, its status as a dialect or separate language is to some degree a judgment call. According to the Indian Government, Chhattisgarhi is an eastern dialect of Hindi, but it is classified as a separate language in Ethnologue. Chhattisgarhi has several identified dialects of its own. In addition to Chhattisgarhi Proper, these are Baighani, Bhulia, Binjhwari, Kalanga, Kavardi, Khairagarhi, Sadri Korwa, and Surgujia. Surgujia might be a distinct language.[6]
Writing
Chhattisgarhi, like Hindi, is written using the Devanagari script.
Film industry
After the formation of the new state, films in Chhattisgarhi language attracted artists from all over the India. World-renowned singer Lata Mangeshkar and others also sang Chhattisgarhi songs.
See also
- Languages of India
- Languages with official status in India
- List of Indian languages by total speakers
Sources
- G. A. Zograph: Languages of South Asia, 1960 (translated by G.L. Campbell, 1982), Routledge, London.
References
- ^ a b Chhattisgarhi at Ethnologue (16th ed., 2009)
(includes Surgujia) - ^ [1]
- ^ Pathak, Dewangan, Rijuka, Somesh. "Natural Language Chhattis garhi: A Literature Survey" (PDF). International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 1 2 N umber 2 - Jun 2014. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: La Behmen-Maheya. Cosmo Publications. pp. 4220–. ISBN 978-81-7755-271-3.
- ^ Subodh Kapoor (2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia: India (Central Provinces)-Indology. Cosmo Publications. pp. 3432–. ISBN 978-81-7755-268-3.
- ^ Surgujia at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Bibliography
- C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Shabadkosh"
- C. K. Chandrakar, "Manak Chhattisgarhi Vyakaran"
- C. K. Chandrakar, "Chhattisgarhi Muhawara Kosh"
- Chhattisgarh Rajbhasha Aayog, "Prashashnik Shabdkosh Voll. I & II"
Web magazine of Chhattisgarhi language गुरतुर गोठ
External links
- [2].gurturgoth.com webpage on Chhattisgarhi language by Sanjeeva Tiwari, Durg.
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